JP2016049503A - Waste sorter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste sorter which can be prevented from malfunctioning due to biting of an object to be treated, and can sort the object to be treated with good accuracy and the driving part of which is easily maintained.SOLUTION: The waste sorter includes: a sieving part 1 constituted by arraying a plurality of helical shafts 2, 2, 2... in such a way that they are parallel to each other and they form an arcuate shape in an axial direction view; and a charging conveyor 3 for charging an object to be treated, which is provided on the part of the sieving part 1, the part being at the proximal end side in the charging direction S of the helical shaft 2 and at the proximal end side in a turning direction C of the helical shaft 2. A small size object conveyor 4 for conveying a small size object is arranged below the sieving part 1, and at the top end side in the charging direction S of the helical shaft 2 of the sieving part 1, a large size object conveyor 5 for conveying a large size object is arranged. The object to be treated charged by the charging conveyor 3 is stayed long in the sieving part 1, is moved in a zig-zag form between a center part and an end part in the array direction of the helical shaft 2 and, therefore, is sorted into a small-size object and a large-size object with high accuracy.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste sorting machine having a sieve portion formed by arranging a plurality of helical shafts.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a sorter that has a sieve portion formed of a plurality of spiral shafts and is used for sorting waste, a spiral blade is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical shaft portion in a rectangular frame. There are some in which a spiral shaft is arranged in parallel with each other in the width direction of the frame, and a perforated screen having an arc-shaped cross-sectional portion along the lower side of the spiral shaft is arranged at the lower portion of the frame to form a sieve portion. (See Patent Document 1).

  In this screw type sorter, a drive unit that rotationally drives a plurality of helical shafts is disposed outside the side of the frame that is located on the base end side in the feeding direction of the helical shafts. The drive unit includes a large gear fixed to a small-diameter shaft that is connected to the spiral shaft and protrudes to the outside of the frame, an idler gear that meshes with a large gear of an adjacent spiral shaft, and an outermost spiral shaft in the arrangement direction. A motor for rotating the large gear is provided. A stage on which an excavator loader enters is installed on the drive unit, and the excavator loader on the stage is formed so that an object to be processed is put on the spiral shaft of the sieve unit. The stage has substantially the same width as the side of the frame, and is formed so that a workpiece can be input from an arbitrary position in the width direction of the frame.

  The plurality of spiral shafts of the sieve section are arranged with a gap between the spiral blades of adjacent spiral shafts when viewed in the axial direction, and are rotationally driven in the same direction at the same speed. When the sieve portion is driven and the workpiece is loaded from above the stage, the loaded workpiece moves in the axial direction of the spiral shaft and the rotational direction of the top of the spiral blade. As the object to be processed moves, small diameter objects that fall between the spiral shafts and pass through the perforated screen among the objects to be processed are collected by the chute provided below the sieve unit, and the lower end of the chute It is discharged by the belt conveyor arranged in Further, among the objects to be processed, the medium-diameter object remaining on the perforated screen is fed in the axial direction by the feeding operation of the spiral shaft, and is arranged outside the side of the frame located on the tip side in the feeding direction of the spiral shaft. Falls onto the conveyor and is discharged by this conveyor. Further, among the objects to be processed, large-diameter objects that remain on the periphery of the spiral blade without falling between the spiral axes move in the rotational direction of the top of the spiral blade, and the top of the spiral blade rotates. The paper is discharged from a discharge portion connected to the side of the frame located in the direction. Thus, it forms so that a to-be-processed object may be classify | categorized into a small diameter thing, a medium diameter thing, and a large diameter thing.

JP-A-4-176374

  However, in the conventional sorting machine, among the medium-diameter objects on the perforated screen of the sieving part, there are those that remain without being sent by the helical shaft. The remaining medium-diameter material may cause clogging of the perforated screen and biting between the perforated screen and the spiral shaft, which may cause malfunction. Further, in the conventional sorting machine, the spiral blades of the adjacent spiral shafts of the sieving portion are arranged with a gap from each other when viewed in the axial direction, so that a long object to be processed parallel to the spiral shaft is Inconvenience of falling between the spiral shafts and being received by the perforated screen and causing biting between the perforated screen and the spiral shaft, and even if discharged by the spiral shaft, inconvenience that long objects are mixed into the medium diameter object Occurs. Further, in the above sorter, the object to be processed is input from an arbitrary position in the width direction of the screen of the sieve portion by the shovel loader on the stage. It is discharged while the movement distance on the shaft is relatively short. Accordingly, there is a problem that the processing accuracy is low because there is a material to be processed which is discharged without being sufficiently selected. Further, since the stage for putting the object to be processed into the sieve portion is arranged on the proximal end side in the feed direction of the spiral shaft, there is a problem that it is difficult to perform maintenance work of the drive unit located under this stage.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a waste sorting machine that can prevent malfunction due to biting of a workpiece, can sort the workpiece with good accuracy, and can easily perform maintenance work of a drive unit. There is.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a waste sorting machine according to the present invention includes a cylindrical shaft portion and a plurality of spiral shafts each having a spiral blade fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion, and are parallel to each other and in the axial direction. The adjacent spiral blades are arranged so as to overlap with each other in the view, and the sieve portion is formed such that the spiral axis at the center in the arrangement direction is disposed below the spiral axes at both ends,
A plurality of helical shafts of the sieving part, and a drive part for rotationally driving the same in the same direction at the same speed;
Among the sieving parts, a base end side part in the rotational direction of the top of the spiral blade of the spiral shaft and a base end side part in the feed direction of the spiral shaft are provided with an input part for introducing a workpiece. ,
The small-diameter object dropped between the shaft portions of the adjacent spiral shafts of the sieve portion and the groove of the spiral shaft, or supported and moved on the periphery of the spiral blade of the spiral shaft, It is characterized by sorting into large-diameter items discharged in the feed direction of the helical shaft.

  According to the said structure, a sieve part has a some helical axis | shaft which has a cylindrical axial part and the spiral blade fixed to the outer peripheral surface of this axial part. The plurality of helical axes are arranged in parallel to each other and arranged so that adjacent spiral blades overlap each other when viewed in the axial direction, and the spiral axes at the center in the arrangement direction are more than the spiral axes at both ends in the arrangement direction. It is arranged below. The plurality of helical shafts of the sieve portion are rotationally driven in the same direction and at the same speed by the drive unit. The sieving part has a base part on the rotation direction of the top part of the spiral blade of the spiral shaft in the sieving part and a base side part in the feeding direction of the spiral shaft by the charging part. Is inserted. When an object to be processed is input by the input unit onto the helical shaft of the sieve portion that is rotationally driven by the driving unit, the object to be processed is rotated by the action of the helical shaft and the rotational direction of the top of the spiral blade of the helical shaft and It is sent in the feed direction of the spiral axis. In the process in which the object to be processed is sent by the spiral shaft, a small-diameter object among the objects to be processed falls between the shaft portions of the adjacent spiral shafts of the sieve portion. Further, a large-diameter object among the objects to be processed is fitted in the groove of the spiral shaft, moves in the axial direction, and is discharged from the sieve portion in the feeding direction of the spiral shaft. Alternatively, a large-diameter object among the objects to be processed is supported on the periphery of the spiral blade of the spiral shaft, moves in the rotational direction of the top of the spiral blade of the spiral shaft, and moves to the side in the arrangement direction of the spiral shaft. When it reaches, it reverses and moves toward the center in the arrangement direction due to gravity. In the process of performing the movement of the spiral shaft in the rotational direction and the movement reversed by gravity once or more, the workpiece is moved in the axial direction and discharged from the sieve portion in the spiral shaft feeding direction. Here, since all of the shaft parts of the plurality of spiral shafts that have fallen are sorted as small-diameter objects, the waste sorting machine according to the present invention is the same as the conventional one that has remained on the perforated screen. There is no inconvenience of clogging or biting due to the processed material. Accordingly, the number of defective operations is significantly less than in the prior art, and a stable sorting operation can be performed. In addition, since the spiral shaft of the sieving portion is arranged so that adjacent spiral blades overlap in the axial direction view, the elongated workpiece is oriented in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the spiral shaft. There is no falling between each other. Therefore, it is possible to prevent inconvenience that a long object to be processed is mixed into a small-diameter object and to improve sorting accuracy. In addition, the charging unit loads the workpiece into the proximal end portion in the rotation direction of the top of the spiral blade of the spiral shaft in the sieve portion and the proximal end portion in the feed direction of the spiral shaft. Therefore, the workpiece to be processed moves the sieving portion from the proximal end portion to the distal end portion in the rotational direction of the top of the spiral blade of the spiral shaft and / or the proximal end in the feed direction of the spiral shaft. It can move from the side portion to the tip side portion. As a result, the object to be processed can stay in the sieve part longer than before, so that it can be effectively sorted into small-diameter and large-diameter objects, and the sorting accuracy can be improved. Further, the charging unit is configured to load the workpiece into the proximal end portion in the rotation direction of the top of the spiral blade of the spiral shaft of the sieve portion and the proximal end portion in the feed direction of the spiral shaft. Since it is formed, the overlap with the drive unit can be reduced in a plan view as compared with a conventional sorter that puts an object to be processed on a stage arranged on the base end side in the feed direction of the spiral shaft. Therefore, the maintenance work of the drive unit can be easily performed. Further, the gap between the sieve portions through which the small-diameter object passes is formed between the shaft portions of the adjacent spiral shafts, and the opposing portions of the adjacent spiral shafts rotate in opposite directions, so Even if the processed material is thrown in, the processed material can be selected while preventing the inconvenience of the processed material being clogged in the gaps of the sieve portion.

  In the waste sorting machine according to an embodiment, the helical shaft of the sieving portion is arranged to form an arc shape when viewed in the axial direction.

  According to the above-described embodiment, since the spiral shafts are arranged so as to form an arc shape in the axial direction view, with respect to the large-diameter object to be processed supported on the periphery of the spiral blades of these spiral shafts, The movement between the end part of the arrangement direction of the spiral axis and the central part can be promoted. Therefore, the small-diameter object attached to the surface of the large-diameter object and the small-diameter object mixed in the large-diameter object can be effectively separated from the large-diameter object and passed through the sieving portion, and the sorting effect can be enhanced. .

  In one embodiment of the waste sorting machine, the plurality of spiral shafts of the sieve section are arranged such that each of the spiral blades has the same phase at the same axial position.

  According to the embodiment, the plurality of spiral shafts of the sieve portion are arranged so that adjacent spiral blades overlap each other when viewed in the axial direction, and each of the spiral blades is the same at the same axial position. Since they are arranged so as to form a phase, a small-diameter object having a uniform size can be stably passed between the shaft portions. In addition, a large-diameter object having a uniform size can be stably fitted between the spiral blades, moved, and discharged in the feeding direction. Thus, since the size of the region formed by the shaft portion of the spiral blade corresponding to the mesh opening and the spiral blade can be kept stable and uniform, the object to be processed can be accurately matched to the dimensions, It is possible to sort stably.

  In the waste sorting machine according to an embodiment, the plurality of spiral shafts of the sieve section are arranged by shifting the phases of the spiral blades of adjacent spiral shafts by a predetermined value.

  According to the above embodiment, the plurality of spiral shafts of the sieve portion are arranged so that the phases of the spiral blades of the adjacent spiral shafts are shifted by a predetermined value, so that between the spiral blades of the adjacent spiral shafts, and A region in which larger objects can be fitted can be formed between the shaft portions of the adjacent spiral shafts than when the spiral blades are arranged in the same phase at the same axial position. Thereby, a comparatively big to-be-processed object can be sorted out as a large diameter thing.

  In the waste sorting machine according to an embodiment, the plurality of helical shafts of the sieve portion are formed in a cantilever shape in which the proximal end portion in the feeding direction is rotatably supported and the distal end portion is a free end. Yes.

  According to the above-described embodiment, the plurality of spiral shafts forming the sieving portion support the distal end portion because the proximal end portion in the feed direction is rotatably supported while the distal end portion is formed at the free end. Therefore, it is possible to discharge in the feed direction of the spiral shaft without obstructing a large-diameter object with the bearing, the shaft or the like. Moreover, a small diameter thing can be dropped from the front-end | tip part of a helical shaft, without interfering with a bearing or a shaft. Therefore, the malfunction of the sieve part can be prevented, and the object to be processed can be selected without delay.

  In one embodiment of the waste sorting machine, the drive unit includes a plurality of sprockets that are respectively connected to the proximal end side in the feed direction of the plurality of spiral shafts and two adjacent spiral shaft sprockets that are sequentially connected. And a power source connected to the outermost helical shaft in the arrangement direction and rotationally driving the helical shaft.

  According to the embodiment, the drive unit that drives the plurality of spiral shafts is connected to the spiral shaft, the plurality of sprockets fixed to the plurality of spiral shafts, the plurality of chains that connect the plurality of sprockets, and the spiral shaft. It is formed with a power source. Since the sprocket is fixed to the proximal end side in the feed direction of the spiral shaft, the workpiece can be moved away from the drive portion, and malfunction of the drive portion due to mixing of the workpiece can be prevented. In addition, since the plurality of chains are sequentially connected to every two sprockets of adjacent spiral shafts, the rotational force input to the outermost spiral shaft by the power source is sequentially transmitted to the plurality of spiral shafts. The helical axis of the motor is driven stably.

It is a top view which shows the sorter of the waste of embodiment of this invention. It is an AA line sectional view in Drawing 1 of a sorter. It is a BB line sectional view in Drawing 1 of a sorter. It is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of the sieve part which shows the arrangement | positioning condition of a spiral axis | shaft. It is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of the sieve part which shows the arrangement | sequence condition of another helical axis | shaft. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows a mode that the other helical axis was fixed to the rotating shaft. It is a fragmentary top view which shows a mode that a large diameter thing is conveyed by the sieve part. It is a fragmentary cross-sectional view which shows a mode that a small diameter thing is sorted while a large diameter thing is conveyed by a sieve part. It is a fragmentary cross-sectional view which shows a mode that a small diameter thing is sorted while a large diameter thing is conveyed by a sieve part. It is a schematic diagram which shows the movement path | route of the to-be-processed object thrown into the sorter. It is a partial top view of the sieve part which shifted the phase of the spiral blade 90 degree | times at a time, and has arrange | positioned the spiral axis | shaft. It is a front view of the axial view which shows the spiral axis | shaft arrange | positioned by shifting the phase of a spiral blade 90 degree | times.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

  1 is a plan view showing a waste sorting machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. FIG. The waste sorting machine of the embodiment is a waste that is mixed in different sizes and types, such as construction waste in which soil, rocks and plants are mixed, and municipal waste in which garbage, plastic and metal are mixed. Used to sort objects according to their dimensions. In particular, this waste sorting machine is preferably used for sorting incinerated ash containing clinker and sprayed into clinker and ash.

  This waste sorting machine is a drive that rotationally drives the sieve portion 1 formed to include a plurality of helical shafts 2, 2, 2,... A loading conveyor 3 is provided as a loading section for loading the workpiece 10 into the section 10 and the sieve section 1. Below the sieving unit 1, a small-diameter object conveyor 4 that carries out a small-diameter object among the selected objects to be processed is disposed. A large-diameter object conveyor 5 for carrying out a large-diameter object among the selected objects to be processed is disposed on the leading end side in the feeding direction S by the spiral shaft 2 of the sieving unit 1. A drive unit 10 that rotationally drives the spiral shaft 2 is disposed on the proximal end side in the feed direction S of the sieve portion 1 by the spiral shaft 2.

  The sieve portion 1 is disposed on the upper portion of the casing 8. The casing 8 has a rectangular shape in plan view, and a rear wall portion 81 erected on the proximal end side in the feed direction by the spiral shaft 2 and side walls disposed on both sides of the sieve portion 1 in the feed direction of the spiral shaft 2. Hopper part 83 which continues to the lower ends of the parts 82, 82, the back wall part 81 and the side wall parts 82, 82 and forms a pyramid-shaped inclined surface below the sieve part 1, and a discharge port which continues to the lower end of the hopper part 83 84. As shown in FIG. 2, the discharge port 84 extends in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the spiral shaft 2, and opens toward the conveyance surface of the small-diameter object conveyor 4.

  The spiral shaft 2 of the sieve portion 1 includes a cylindrical shaft portion 23 and a spiral blade 24 fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion 23. A plurality of helical shafts 2 are arranged so as to form an arc shape when viewed in the axial direction to form a sieve portion 1. The spiral shaft 2 that forms the sieve portion 1 is disposed in the horizontal direction. The spiral shaft 2 may be disposed so as to be inclined upward or downward as it goes in the feed direction S.

  The helical shaft 2 is detachably fitted to a small-diameter rotating shaft 21, and the end surface of the helical shaft 2 is connected and fixed to a flange portion 22 fixed to the proximal end side of the rotating shaft 21. One end of the rotating shaft 21 is supported by a bearing 31 fixed to the inner wall 81 of the casing 8 and a bearing 32 fixed to the mounting wall 9 of the driving unit 10 to form a cantilever. The helical shaft 2 fixed to the rotating shaft 21 also forms a cantilever having a free end at the leading end in the feed direction S. The spiral blade 24 of the spiral shaft 2 is formed so as to send the object to be processed from the end on the side supported by the bearings 31 and 32 and the end on the side where the driving unit 10 is provided toward the tip. . That is, the spiral shaft 2 is formed so as to draw a spiral that goes clockwise as viewed from the proximal end side to the distal end side, and is rotated and driven counterclockwise. Therefore, when the base end side is viewed from the front end side in FIG. 2, the rotation direction R of the rotary shaft 21 is clockwise. Thus, when the helical shaft 2 is rotationally driven, the workpiece is set to be fed in the feeding direction S from the proximal end side where the driving unit 10 is located toward the distal end side. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the spiral blade 24 is such that the rotational direction C of the top 24 t is orthogonal to the central axis and is directed from the input conveyor 3 side to the small-diameter article conveyor 4 side. Driven by. Hereinafter, the rotational direction C of the top 24t of the spiral blade 24 of the spiral shaft 2 is simply referred to as the rotational direction C of the spiral shaft 2. The plurality of spiral shafts 2 forming the sieve portion 1 are arranged so that adjacent spiral blades 24, 24, 24. In addition, the spiral blades 24, 24, 24... Are arranged at the same axial position and in the same phase.

  The sieving unit 1 of the sorting machine according to the embodiment is formed so that the reference dimension for sorting can be changed by exchanging the spiral shaft 2 attached to the rotating shaft 21. FIG. 4A is a partial cross-sectional view showing the arrangement state of the helical shafts 2, 2, 2 in the sieve section 1 of FIGS. 1 to 3, and FIG. 4B shows the arrangement state of the helical shafts 52, 52, 52 of the modified example. It is a partial cross-sectional view of the sieve part 1 shown. The diameter D2 of the shaft portion 53 of the helical shaft 52 of the modification is formed smaller than the diameter D1 of the shaft portion 23 of the helical shaft 2 of the embodiment. When the helical shaft 52 of the modified example is attached to the rotating shaft 21, the gap T2 between the shaft portion 53 and the shaft portion 53 is larger than the gap T1 when the helical shaft 2 of the embodiment is attached. Thereby, when the helical shaft 52 of the modified example is mounted, the maximum dimension of the small-diameter object is set larger than that when the helical shaft 2 of the embodiment is mounted. That is, when the spiral shaft 52 of the modified example is used instead of the spiral shaft 2 of the embodiment, the same effect as that when the sieve portion 1 is assumed to be a sieve becomes large. Therefore, the sieve unit 1 using the helical shaft 52 according to the modified example can sort an object to be processed having a larger size as a small-diameter object than using the helical shaft 2 according to the embodiment. Here, the helical shaft 52 of the modified example and the helical shaft 2 of the embodiment both have the same outer diameter of the spiral blades 54 and 24. In the helical shaft 2 of the embodiment and the helical shaft 52 of the modified example, the end surfaces of the shaft portions 23 and 53 are fixed to the flange portion 22 of the rotating shaft 21 by a fixing means such as a bolt. By releasing the fixing means and removing the shaft portions 23 and 53 from the flange portion 22, the spiral shafts 2 and 52 are formed so as to be easily exchangeable. FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the helical shaft 52 of the modified example is mounted on the rotary shaft 21. Since the screen portion 1 of this sorter is formed so that the spiral shafts 2 and 52 are fitted on the rotary shaft 21 and the end surfaces of the shaft portions 23 and 53 are fixedly mounted on the collar portion 22, the spiral shaft 2 and 52 can be exchanged easily and quickly, and the dimension set as the small diameter object can be easily changed.

  The input conveyor 3 conveys the object to be processed supplied from a fixed quantity feeder or the like as indicated by an arrow F. The input conveyor 3 is formed by a belt conveyor. The front end of the input conveyor 3 is located in a portion of the sieve portion 1 on the proximal end side in the feed direction S of the spiral shaft 2 and the proximal end side in the rotational direction C of the spiral shaft 2 in plan view. Yes.

  The small-diameter article conveyor 4 is formed by a belt conveyor, and is arranged so as to face the conveyance surface at a discharge port 84 formed at the lower end of the hopper part 83 of the casing 8 arranged below the sieve part 1. The small-diameter article conveyor 4 passes through the sieve section 1 and is collected by the hopper 83, and the small-diameter article discharged from the discharge port 84 is placed on the transport surface and carried out as indicated by an arrow G.

  The large-diameter article conveyor 5 is arranged to extend in the arrangement direction of the spiral shafts 2 on the distal end side in the feeding direction S of the sieve portion 1 by the spiral shaft 2. The large-diameter conveyor 5 is formed by a belt conveyor. On the large diameter object conveyor 5 side of the casing 8, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, a discharge slope 85 inclined from the lower end of the spiral shaft 2 toward the edge of the conveying surface of the large diameter object conveyor 5. Is provided. The large-diameter article conveyor 5 receives the large-diameter article that remains in the sieve section 1 without passing through the sieve section 1 and is discharged from the tip of the spiral shaft 2 and carries it out as indicated by an arrow L. .

  The drive unit 10 is arranged to extend in the arrangement direction of the spiral shafts 2 on the proximal end side in the feed direction S of the spiral shaft 2 of the sieve unit 1. The drive unit 10 includes sprockets 26 and 27 fixed to the rotation shafts 21 of the plurality of spiral shafts 2, a plurality of chains 28 and 29 spanned between the adjacent sprockets 26 and 27, and an outermost rotation shaft. The motor 11 is a power source for driving the motor 21. The rotating shaft 21 of the spiral shaft 2 passes through the back wall portion 81 of the casing 8 and protrudes to the outside of the casing 8. The bearing 31 fixed to the back wall portion 81 and the mounting facing the back wall portion 81. A bearing 32 fixed to the wall 9 is rotatably supported. Each rotating shaft 21 has two sprockets 26 and 27 fixed to the side closer to and far from the spiral shaft 2. These two sprockets 26 and 27 are connected to sprockets 26 and 27 fixed to rotating shafts 21 and 21 adjacent to each other on opposite sides via chains 28 and 29. Thereby, the two sprockets 26 and 27 of the spiral shaft 2 are alternately connected to each other in the arrangement direction of the spiral shaft 2. In the motor 11, the sprocket of the output shaft is connected to the sprocket 27d of the rotary shaft 21 of the spiral shaft 2 located at the end in the rotational direction C of the spiral shaft 2 via a chain 29d.

  The waste sorting machine having the above-described configuration operates as follows. First, drive power is supplied to the motor 11 of the drive unit 10, and the rotational force of the motor 11 is input to the rotary shaft 21 of the outermost spiral shaft 2 in the rotational direction C of the spiral shaft 2. The rotational force input to the rotary shaft 21 of the outermost spiral shaft 2 is sequentially transmitted to the adjacent rotary shaft 21 via the sprockets 26 and 27 and the chains 28 and 29. Thereby, all the helical shafts 2 arranged in an arc shape when viewed in the axial direction are rotationally driven in the same direction at the same speed. The driving speed of the spiral shaft 2 is 5 to 30 m / sec at the peripheral speed of the spiral blade 24.

  When the operation of the spiral shaft 2 of the sieving unit 1 is started, the object to be processed supplied from a quantitative feeder or the like (not shown) is conveyed in the direction indicated by the arrow F by the input conveyor 3, and the discharge side of the input conveyor 3 It falls to the sieve part 1 from the edge part. In this way, the material to be processed is input by the input conveyor 3 to the base end side in the feed direction S of the spiral shaft 2 of the sieve portion 1 and the base end side in the rotational direction C of the spiral shaft 2.

  Among objects to be processed put into the sieve unit 1, small-diameter objects smaller than the separation distance between the shaft portions 23 and 23 of the adjacent spiral shafts 2 and 2 are connected to the shaft portions 23 and 23 of the adjacent spiral shafts 2 and 2. It passes between each other and falls downward from the sieve portion 1. Small-diameter objects dropped from the sieve section 1 are collected by the hopper 83 of the casing 8, discharged from the discharge port 84, received by the conveying surface of the small-diameter article conveyor 4, and as indicated by an arrow G, by the small-diameter article conveyor 4. It is carried out. As small-diameter items, there are many small-sized items having a relatively large specific gravity, such as ash, earth and sand, glass pieces, metal pieces, and ceramic pieces. Small-sized containers such as small plastic bottles, bottles and cans, and dry batteries are also included in the small-diameter items.

  Further, among large-diameter objects that do not pass through the sieve portion 1, an object that is larger than the separation distance between the shaft portions 23 and 23 of the adjacent spiral shafts 2 and 2 and smaller than the axial interval of the spiral blades 24, that is, the pitch, It moves in the feed direction S by fitting into the gap between the spiral blades 24 of the spiral shaft 2, that is, the groove of the spiral shaft 2. The large-diameter object that has moved along the spiral shaft 2 in this manner is discharged in the feed direction S from the tip of the spiral shaft 2. The large-diameter object discharged from the tip of the spiral shaft 2 falls along the discharge slope 85, is received by the transfer surface of the large-diameter object conveyor 5, and is carried out by the large-diameter object conveyor 5 as indicated by an arrow L. The Examples of the large-diameter object fitted in the groove of the spiral shaft 2 include a clinker, a bottle, a can, a plastic bottle, and a rod-like body.

  6A is a partial plan view showing a state in which a large-diameter object fitted in the groove of the spiral shaft 2 of the sieve part 1 is conveyed, and FIG. 6B is fitted in the groove of the helical shaft 2 of the sieve part 1. It is a partial cross-sectional view which shows a mode that a large diameter thing is conveyed, and a mode that a small diameter thing is sorted. As shown in FIG. 6A, a large-diameter object 61 that is larger than the separation distance between the shaft portions 23 and 23 of the adjacent spiral shafts 2 and smaller than the axial distance between the spiral blades 24 is as shown in FIG. It is supported on shaft parts 23, 23 of adjacent spiral shafts 2. The large-diameter object 61 is conveyed in the substantially same direction as the feeding direction S by the rotating spiral shaft 2 as indicated by an arrow S1. On the other hand, small-diameter objects 65, 65,... Smaller than the separation distance between the shaft portions 23, 23 of the adjacent spiral shafts 2, 2 pass between the shaft portions 23, 23 of the adjacent spiral shafts 2, 2. And falls downward from the sieve portion 1.

  Further, among the objects to be processed, a large-diameter object that is larger than the axial interval between the spiral blades 24 does not fall between the shaft portions 23 and 23 of the adjacent spiral shafts 2 and between the spiral blades 24. Without being fitted into the groove, it remains on the periphery of the spiral blade 24 of the spiral shaft 2 and is supported. The large-diameter object moves in the rotation direction C of the helical shaft 2 by the operation of the helical shaft 2 and moves in the feeding direction S by the feeding action of the helical shaft 2. When the large-diameter object moves in the rotational direction C of the spiral shaft 2 and reaches the end of the spiral shaft 2 in the arrangement direction, it moves in the opposite direction to the rotational direction C by gravity, and the center of the spiral shaft 2 in the array direction Return to the department. The large-diameter object that has returned to the central portion in the arrangement direction of the spiral shafts 2 is moved in the rotational direction C of the spiral shaft 2 again because there is no horizontal force due to gravity. When the large-diameter object reaches the end of the spiral shaft 2 in the arrangement direction, it moves in the direction opposite to the rotation direction C due to gravity and returns to the central portion of the spiral shaft 2 in the arrangement direction. Since the large-diameter object also moves in the feed direction S of the spiral shaft 2 while moving between the center part and the end part in the arrangement direction of the spiral shaft 2, the large-diameter object is the center of the sieve part 1. The part between the part and the end part in the rotation direction C is moved in a zigzag shape. The large-diameter object that has moved in a zigzag manner on the sieve portion 1 is discharged in the feed direction S from the tip of the spiral shaft 2, falls along the discharge slope 85, and is received by the conveying surface of the large-diameter object conveyor 5, As indicated by the arrow L, it is carried out by the large-diameter conveyor 5. As a large-diameter object that is supported and moved on the periphery of the spiral blade 24 of the spiral shaft 2, timber, veneer board, gypsum board, resin bag, resin sheet, etc. have a relatively small specific gravity, such as plate-like or sheet-like Many things are included. Further, a large-diameter object having both a large specific gravity and a large size, such as a clinker that is larger than the axial interval of the spiral blade 24, is also supported on the periphery of the spiral blade 24 and moves.

  FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which a large-diameter object is conveyed by the sieve unit 1 and a state in which a small-diameter object is selected. As shown in FIG. 7, large-diameter objects 62, 63, and 64 that are larger than the separation distance between the shaft portions 23 and 23 of adjacent spiral shafts 2 and larger than the axial distance between the spiral blades 24 are shown in FIG. 7. As shown, it is supported on the periphery of one or more spiral blades 24, 24,. The large-diameter article 62 positioned closer to the input conveyor 3 than the central portion of the sieving unit 1 in the arrangement direction of the spiral shafts 2 is the top of the spiral blade 24 by the rotational force of the spiral shaft 2 and the component force in the width direction of gravity. It is conveyed in a direction α1 substantially parallel to the rotational direction C of 24t. On the other hand, the small-diameter object 66 separated from the large-diameter object 62 is introduced into the sieving part 1 and moves toward the central part of the sieving part 1, as indicated by the arrow β 1. After passing through, it is discharged below the sieve part 1. Further, the large-diameter object 63 positioned from the central part of the sieve shaft 1 in the arrangement direction of the spiral shaft 2 to the conveying direction side of the small-diameter object conveyor 4 rotates the top 24t of the spiral blade 24 by the rotational force of the spiral shaft 2. It is conveyed in a direction α2 substantially parallel to the direction C, and moves toward the spiral axis 2 that is adjacent and located above. On the other hand, the large-diameter object 64 positioned at the end in the arrangement direction of the spiral shaft 2 of the sieve portion 1 is positioned adjacently and below in the direction α3 opposite to the rotational direction C of the top 24t of the spiral blade 24 by gravity. It moves toward the spiral axis 2. These small-diameter objects 67 separated from the large-diameter objects 63 and 64 are moved between the central part and the end part of the sieve part 1, and the shaft parts 23 and 23 of the helical shafts 2 and 2 as indicated by an arrow β 2. And is discharged below the sieve portion 1. It should be noted that a long object such as an elongated timber or a laundry basket is placed on the periphery of the spiral blade 24 even if the short side is smaller than the distance between the shaft portions 23 and 23 of the spiral shafts 2 and 2. If it is placed, it is sent in the direction α1 substantially parallel to the rotational direction C of the top 24t of the spiral blade 24 by the rotation of the spiral shaft 2, and at the end in the arrangement direction of the spiral shaft 2, the spiral blade is caused by gravity. The top 24t 24 moves in the direction α3 opposite to the rotational direction C.

  The waste sorting machine of the present embodiment is a part of the sieve portion 1 on the proximal end side in the feed direction S of the spiral shaft 2 and the proximal end side in the rotational direction C of the spiral shaft 2 in the sieve portion 1. In Therefore, the thrown-in object to be processed moves the sieve portion 1 from the proximal end portion to the distal end portion in the rotational direction of the top 24t of the spiral blade 24 of the spiral shaft 2 and / or the feed direction of the spiral shaft 2. It is possible to move from the proximal end portion to the distal end portion in S. Specifically, as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 8, the sieve portion 1 was put into the proximal end side in the feed direction S of the spiral shaft 2 and the proximal end portion in the rotational direction C of the spiral shaft 2. Among the objects to be processed, as shown by an arrow 15, a part of the large-diameter object is placed on the input conveyor 3 side with respect to the central portion in the arrangement direction of the spiral shafts 2 of the sieving unit 1 in the rotational direction C of the spiral shaft 2. It moves from the proximal end side to the distal end side. In FIG. 8, the spiral shaft 2 is not shown. Further, among the objects to be processed put into the sieve unit 1, a part of the large-diameter product is arranged in the middle of the axial direction of the spiral shaft 2 as shown by an arrow 16, and the arrangement direction of the spiral shaft 2 of the sieve unit 1. Reach the center of the. Among the large-diameter objects that have reached the center in the arrangement direction of the spiral shaft 2 of the sieve portion 1, a part is fitted in the spiral groove of the spiral shaft 2 and moved in the axial direction as indicated by an arrow 17, It is discharged from part 1. In addition, among the large-diameter objects that have reached the center of the sieving unit 1 in the arrangement direction of the spiral shafts 2, some of the large-diameter items are moved in the rotational direction C of the spiral shaft 2 while being supported on the periphery of the spiral blades 24. . The large-diameter object moved in the rotation direction C of the spiral shaft 2 is positioned upward as the spiral shaft 2 moves upward in the discharge direction of the small-diameter object conveyor 4 with respect to the central portion of the spiral shaft 2 in the arrangement direction. As shown, it is turned back to the center side in the arrangement direction of the spiral shaft 2 by gravity, reaches the tip of the spiral shaft 2 and is discharged from the sieve portion 1. Further, among the objects to be processed put into the sieve unit 1, a part of the large-diameter item exceeds the central part in the arrangement direction of the spiral shaft 2 of the sieve unit 1, as indicated by an arrow 19, and the small-diameter item conveyor. 4 in the discharging direction and reaches the spiral axis 2 at the end in the arrangement direction. The large-diameter object that has reached the spiral axis 2 at the end in the arrangement direction, as indicated by an arrow 20, moves toward the center in the arrangement direction of the spiral axis 2 by gravity and the rotational force of the spiral axis 2 due to the movement of the spiral axis 2. The movement from the center in the arrangement direction toward the end is repeated in a zigzag manner, reaches the tip of the spiral shaft 2 and is discharged from the sieve portion 1. Thus, according to the present embodiment, most of the object to be processed can be moved so as to pass through a long path in the sieve part 1, so that the object to be processed stays in the sieve part 1 for a long time, and the spiral shaft 2. By this action, small-diameter objects attached to the object to be processed can be effectively separated. In addition, the object to be processed can stay in the sieving portion 1 for a long time, and the action of the spiral shaft 2 can solve the large-diameter object and make the small-diameter object. Therefore, it is possible to effectively sort the objects to be processed.

  In addition, in the waste sorting machine of the present embodiment, the input conveyor 3 as the input unit includes a proximal end portion in the rotation direction C of the spiral shaft 2 in the sieve unit 1 and the feed direction of the spiral shaft 2. Since it forms so that a to-be-processed object may be thrown into the base end side part in S, there is no duplication with the drive part 10 in planar view. Therefore, maintenance work of the drive unit 10 can be easily performed.

  Further, in the waste sorting machine according to the present embodiment, since all of the parts dropped between the shaft portions 23 of the plurality of spiral shafts 2 are sorted as small-diameter items, they remain on the perforated screen as in the prior art. There is no inconvenience of clogging or biting due to the processed object. Accordingly, the number of defective operations is significantly less than in the prior art, and a stable sorting operation can be performed. Further, unlike the prior art, there is no need to drive the helical shaft against the workpiece bitten between the perforated screen and the helical shaft, so that the motor 11 can be stably operated with a smaller output than the conventional one. Can do.

  Further, the waste sorting machine of the present embodiment is configured such that the plurality of spiral shafts 2 forming the sieve portion 1 are rotatably supported at the proximal end portion in the feed direction S, while the distal end portion is formed at the free end. Since no bearing or shaft for supporting the tip portion is required, the object to be processed can be quickly discharged in the feed direction S of the spiral shaft 2 without being blocked by the bearing or the shaft. Further, a small-diameter object can be quickly dropped from the tip portion of the spiral shaft 2 without being obstructed by a bearing or a shaft. Therefore, the malfunction of the sieve part 1 can be prevented, and the object to be processed can be selected without delay.

  Further, in the waste sorting machine of the present embodiment, the spiral shaft 2 of the sieving unit 1 is arranged so that the adjacent spiral blades 24 overlap each other when viewed in the axial direction. There is no possibility of falling between the spiral axes 2 in a state in which the direction is parallel to the axial direction of the axes 2. Therefore, it is possible to prevent inconvenience that a long object to be processed is mixed into a small-diameter object and to improve sorting accuracy.

  Further, in the waste sorting machine according to the present embodiment, the adjacent spiral shafts 2 and 2 of the sieve portion 1 are rotated in the opposite directions of the adjacent shaft portions 23 and the spiral blades 24, so A gap formed between the shaft portions 23 and 23 of the shafts 2 and 2 and corresponding to the mesh is hardly clogged. Therefore, even when a processing object containing a large amount of moisture is introduced, it is possible to effectively prevent a problem that the processing object is clogged in the gap between the adjacent spiral shafts 2 and 2 of the sieve unit 1. For example, incinerated ash containing water from watering and containing clinker having a relatively large size can be sorted into clinker and ash while preventing clogging of the sieve unit 1. Moreover, the earth and sand discharged | emitted by construction work etc. and having a lot of water | moisture contents and containing a rock and a concrete piece can be sorted into a rock and a concrete piece, and earth and sand, preventing clogging of the sieve part 1. FIG.

  In the above embodiment, the spiral shaft 2 of the sieving unit 1 is arranged so that the respective spiral blades 24, 24, 24... Have the same phase at the same axial position, but the same. They may be arranged so as to have different phases in the axial position. FIG. 9A is a partial plan view showing the sieve portion 1 in which the spiral blades 24, 24, 24... Of adjacent spiral shafts 2 are arranged by shifting the phase by 90 °, and FIG. , 2,... Are front views as viewed in the axial direction. As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the plurality of helical shafts 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D,... That form the sieve portion 1 have a phase of 90 ° counterclockwise as they go to the rotational direction C side. They are staggered. That is, the spiral axis of 2B is the spiral axis of 2A, the spiral axis of 2C is the spiral axis of 2B, the spiral axis of 2D is the spiral axis of 2C, the spiral axis of 2A is the spiral axis of 2D, The phase is shifted by 90 ° counterclockwise. As shown in FIG. 9A, the sieve portion 1 formed in this way fits and conveys a large-diameter object 64 that is larger than when arranged in the same phase difference between adjacent spiral axes 2 and 2. be able to.

  In the above embodiment, the spiral shaft 2 of the sieve portion 1 is arranged in an arc shape when viewed in the axial direction. However, the spiral shaft 2 is arranged downward at the center in the arrangement direction of the spiral shaft 2 and the spiral shaft 2 is directed upward at both ends. What is necessary is just to arrange | position and the arrangement | positioning shape of the some helical axis | shaft 2 is not limited to arc shape. The point is that the object to be processed can move in the direction opposite to the rotational direction C of the spiral shaft 2 at the end of the spiral shaft 2 that is rotationally driven, and the object to be processed is near the tip of the spiral shaft 2. The arrangement form of the spiral shafts 2 is not limited as long as the spiral shafts 2 can be moved so as to be gathered at substantially the center in the arrangement direction of the plurality of spiral shafts 2.

  In the above embodiment, the small-diameter objects that have passed through the sieve section 1 are collected by the inclined surfaces 83 and 83 of the casing 8 and carried out by the small-diameter article conveyor 4, but the inclined surfaces 83 and 80 of the casing 8 that collect and carry out the small-diameter objects. Instead of 83 and the small-diameter object conveyor 4, a yard may be installed below the sieve unit 1, and small-diameter objects that have fallen into the yard may be collected and carried out by human power or special vehicles. Moreover, it replaces with the large diameter thing conveyor 6, and a wall is provided along the edge of the front-end | tip of the feeding direction S of the sieve part 1, and the edge of the front-end | tip of the rotation direction C of the sieve part 1, respectively, May be divided into a region immediately below the sieve portion 1 and a region outside the feeding direction S of the sieve portion 1. From these areas, small-diameter objects and large-diameter objects may be collected and carried out by human power or special vehicles.

  Further, the input conveyor 3 is not limited to a belt conveyor, and other input means such as a screw conveyor or a chain conveyor may be used.

  In addition, the spiral blade 24 of the spiral shaft 2 that forms the sieve portion 1 may have a peripheral edge formed in a saw-like shape or a convex shape, and may have a blade fixed to the peripheral edge. A crushing function can be provided. For example, as waste to be processed, for example, when waste in a bag containing waste in a bag is input, the bag is broken with a spiral shaft having a crushing function, and the bag is sorted. Can be selected as a large-diameter product. Moreover, when it arrange | positions in the process following a bag breaker in the processing facility of a municipal waste, the bag body which was not crushed with the bag breaker can be crushed, and the waste in a bag body can be sorted out without omission.

  In addition, although the spiral shaft 2 is formed as a cantilever with the tip as a free end, the lower portion of the tip of the spiral shaft 2 may be supported. If the spiral shaft 2 does not protrude from the contour of the shaft portion 23 in plan view, a support mechanism can be disposed on the lower side. That is, the spiral shaft 2 does not have to be a free end as long as it does not interfere with the movement of the large-diameter object in the feeding direction S or the falling of the small-diameter object.

  Moreover, although the drive part 10 transmitted the drive force of the motor as a power source with the chains 28 and 29 and the sprockets 26 and 27, you may transmit with a gearwheel.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Screen part 2,52 Spiral shaft 3 Input conveyor 4 Small-diameter article conveyor 5 Large-diameter article conveyor 8 Casing 10 Drive part 11 Motor 21 Rotating shaft 23,53 Spiral shaft part 24,54 Spiral shaft spiral blade 24t Top 26, 27, 27d Sprocket 28, 29, 29d Chain 83 Casing hopper 84 Casing outlet 85 Casing discharge slope S Spiral shaft feed direction C Spiral shaft spiral blade top rotation direction

Claims (6)

A plurality of spiral shafts having a cylindrical shaft portion and spiral blades fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion are arranged so that adjacent spiral blades are parallel to each other and overlap in the axial direction, and are arranged in the center in the arrangement direction. A sieve part in which the helical axis of the part is disposed below the helical axis of both ends,
A plurality of helical shafts of the sieving part, and a drive part for rotationally driving the same in the same direction at the same speed;
Among the sieving parts, a base end side part in the rotational direction of the top of the spiral blade of the spiral shaft and a base end side part in the feed direction of the spiral shaft are provided with an input part for introducing a workpiece. ,
The small-diameter object dropped between the shaft portions of the adjacent spiral shafts of the sieve portion and the groove of the spiral shaft, or supported and moved on the periphery of the spiral blade of the spiral shaft, A waste sorting machine characterized by sorting into large-diameter items discharged in the feed direction of the spiral shaft. In the waste sorting machine according to claim 1,
The waste sorting machine characterized in that the helical shaft of the sieving part is arranged in an arc shape when viewed in the axial direction. In the waste sorting machine according to claim 1,
The waste sorting machine, wherein the plurality of spiral shafts of the sieve section are arranged such that the spiral blades have the same phase at the same axial position. In the waste sorting machine according to claim 1,
The waste sorting machine characterized in that the plurality of helical shafts of the sieving portion are arranged by shifting the phases of the spiral blades of adjacent helical shafts by a predetermined value. In the waste sorting machine according to claim 1,
A plurality of spiral shafts of the sieve part, wherein the proximal end part in the feed direction is rotatably supported, while the distal end part is formed in a cantilever shape with a free end. . In the waste sorting machine according to claim 1,
The drive unit includes a sprocket fixed to a base end side in the feed direction of the plurality of spiral shafts, a plurality of chains sequentially connecting the two sprockets of the spiral shafts, and the endmost in the arrangement direction. A waste sorting machine having a power source connected to a helical shaft and driving the helical shaft to rotate.

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