JPH04126914A - Supplying equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the need to provide a receiving an supplying equipment for exclusive use for a crusher, by raking matters to be treated into a feeder by a storing raking-in machine in the manner of passing the matters through the ranking-in machine, and pushing matters to be treated which cannot pass through the raking-in machine out to an inlet of the crusher through a swallowing part of the raking-in machine. CONSTITUTION:Matters to be treated consisting mainly of solids containing bulky matters such as municipal and industrial wastes which is thrown into a pit 10 from a feed truck 30 are fed into a reservoir 12 by a bucket crane 11. A classifying raking-in machine 13 rakes the matters to be treated into a feeding zone of a feeder 15. Simultaneously, matters to be treated containing bulky matters having sizes or shapes unsuitable for feeding by the feeder 15 are discharged through a foreign-matter outlet to a switch 14. The switch 14 throws the matters to be treated containing the bulky matters into a crusher 16, which crushes the matters to be treated, and the crushed matters are supplied into the pit 10 by a conveyor 17. When the crusher 16 is out of operation, the switch 14 so functions that the matters to be treated containing the bulky matters and discharged from the foreign-matter outlet is thrown directly into the pit 10.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is applicable to handling materials mainly consisting of solid materials mixed with municipal waste, industrial waste, biomass, and their fine and coarse materials, and those that require crushing. This relates to supply equipment for crushing and supplying to incinerators, etc.

[Prior art]

For example, there are supply facilities that supply combustible materials such as municipal waste, industrial waste, and biomass to fluidized bed incinerators and fluidized bed boilers. Conventional feeding equipment of this type supplies the material after passing it through a crusher. Here, the reason why crushing is necessary is to improve the ability to supply a fixed quantity by creating a size and shape that does not cause any problems in handling the material to be handled in the subsequent stage.
This is because it is necessary to obtain stable combustion in a fluidized bed incinerator or fluidized bed wheeler.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a conventional fluidized bed incinerator supply facility. Items to be handled that may be contaminated with bulky items should be
The material is loaded into the material receiving pit OO using the transport truck 110 or the like. The materials to be handled that have been placed in the receiving pit 100 are placed into a crushing hopper 103 by a bucket crane 102, crushed by a crusher 104, and discharged to an incineration pit-106 via a conveyor 105. This incineration pit 106
Objects to be handled, which are free from the possibility of large objects being mixed in, are placed directly into the container by means of a transport truck 111 or the like.

The materials to be handled in the incineration pit 106 are put into an incineration hopper by a packet crane 102, and fed into the incinerator from the bottom by an incineration feeder 108.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, the above conventional fluidized bed incinerator supply equipment has the following problems.

(1) The crusher 104 must have a large capacity because it must crush all objects that may contain coarse particles. Furthermore, the crusher 104 has a large maintenance burden because the crushing teeth are worn out and damaged approximately in proportion to the amount of crushing. When handling materials include iron pieces and other materials that are unsuitable for crushing, the burden of maintenance such as removal of worn-out, broken, and jammed objects is incurred because many small items that do not need to be crushed are put into the crusher. is doubled.

(2) If the main material to be handled is one that may contain coarse materials, a shutdown due to trouble in the crusher 104 will lead to a shutdown of the entire facility due to the combustible material being cut off. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to increase the storage capacity or install a spare machine for the crusher, and as a result, the supply route to this spare crusher must be separated from the original supply route. It is necessary to provide

Furthermore, a switching mechanism is also required, making the supply equipment complicated and large.

(3) In the equipment shown in FIG. 5, a receiving pit 100 and a crushing hopper 103 are required independently of the incineration pit 106 for original supply. And bucket crane 10
2 must supply the crusher 104 in addition to the incinerator 109, and if both have a combined capacity of 0, it is necessary to install two independent units.

(4) Normally, when the crusher 104 becomes clogged or jammed with materials unsuitable for crushing, the crusher 104 must be stopped to perform removal work, resulting in a low operating rate and high noise and vibration, making unattended operation difficult. Due to certain reasons, driving time is limited to daytime only. In general, the operating time per day is usually as short as 5 hours. Therefore, in the example of the equipment shown in Figure 1, incinerator 1
If 8 is to be operated continuously for 24 hours, the crusher capacity needs to be 48 times that amount. ” - As mentioned above, conventional supply equipment had a large capacity compared to its incineration capacity.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the problem described in item L, the present invention has configured the supply equipment as follows.

A conveyor that conveys the object through a sorting device below a container that receives and stores the object, and a crusher that makes the size and shape of the object such that it can be transported by the conveyor. are installed in parallel, and the width of the passing part of the material to be handled by the sorting and scraping machine is equal to or smaller than the transport width of the conveyor, and the material to be handled is scraped into the conveyor while being passed by the sorting and scraping machine. The material to be handled which cannot pass through the sorting and scraping machine is pushed out from the swallowing section of the sorting and scraping machine to the inlet of the crusher.

In addition, the sorting scraper has a pair of rotating shafts arranged in parallel, and the rotating shafts rotate downward with the sides opposite to each other and closer to each other, and the blades attached to the rotating shafts generate a vibration near the rotating shafts. The transport capacity for the object to be handled decreases along the rotation axis with respect to the transport direction, the transport direction of the rotation shafts is opposite to each other, the rotation shaft can be reversed, and the gap width of the rotation shaft can be reduced. It is characterized in that the transport width is less than or equal to the transport width of the lower transport machine.

[Effect]

By configuring the supply equipment as described above, the material to be handled passes through the sorting and scraping machine from the bottom of the container in which it is received and stored, and is sent to the conveying machine below. Due to the shape of the object passing section of the sorting machine, objects that cannot be transported by the conveyor, that is, objects larger than the width of the transport section of the conveyor, cannot pass through the sorting machine and are not separated. It is caught in the swallowing part of the loading machine. Therefore, by switching the movement of the sorting raking machine from sending it to the conveyor to discharging it to the crusher, the objects caught in the engulfing section of the sorting raking machine can be thrown into the crusher and transferred to the conveyor. It is crushed into pieces smaller than the size and shape that can be transported. In this way, coarse materials that must be crushed are captured and concentrated and supplied to the crusher.

In addition, in the sorting and scraping machine having the configuration described in section 2, the objects to be handled in the receiving storage container are transferred to the lower conveyor by the movement of the blades from the gap between the rotating shafts when the sides of the sorting and scraping machine that are close to each other rotate downward. sent by force.

When the transportation area of the conveyor is filled with materials to be handled, the excess materials will be transported in the axial direction of the sorting and scraping machine, but as they are transported, the transport capacity of the sorting and scraping machine will decrease. Because of this, they will be transferred to the side of the rotating shaft on the opposite side where they are lined up. However, since it is transported in the opposite direction, it is pushed back toward the center. Therefore, the object to be handled moves around the vicinity of the center while moving between the blades of the two rotating shafts in the sorting and scraping machine and being pushed by the conveyor. Therefore, even if there is some degree of contamination, compaction, or adhesion of coarse materials, the conveyor always operates at the same filling rate and with high quantitative performance.

Among coarse items that cannot pass through the sorting scraper, if they are relatively fragile, such as wood chips, blocks, glass, foamed plastic, tampon, and thin sheets, they can be crushed by the sorting scraper and sent to the conveyor. Items that are not easily broken may get caught in the two rotating shafts of the sorting scraper or remain in the swallowing portion on the top of the sorting scraper. For this reason, if the rotational torque of the rotating shaft of the sorting and scraping machine increases or a lock phenomenon occurs, the rotating shaft is reversed and the foreign matter removal [1] installed on the side wall of the sorting and scraping machine is performed.
A portion of the bulky material is discharged together with the material to be handled.

As shown in FIG. 4, the foreign matter discharge gate 28 is opened with the hydraulic cylinder 26, the foreign matter discharge button 27 is pushed out with the hydraulic cylinder 25, and the foreign matter is removed by assisting the foreign matter discharge with the sorting scraper 13. You can increase your power.

A crusher is located in front of this foreign matter outlet, and crushes the object to be handled, including the coarse matter. This crushed coarse material is again thrown into a storage container in a part of the sorting and scraping machine together with other materials to be handled.

In this way, only the coarse materials that must be thrown into the crusher and some of the accompanying materials are fed to the crusher and processed.

In addition, in order to be able to operate even if the crusher is stopped, it is convenient to provide a line to enable switching without passing through the crusher.

In addition, for items such as small metal lumps, stones, rubble, and glass that will get caught in the teeth of the crusher or wear out significantly when they are thrown into the crusher, a separate scraper is used because most of the items are small in size. Since the shredder is transported to the conveyor without passing through the cracks, troubles and wear and tear of the shredder can be significantly reduced.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example in which the supply equipment of the present invention is used in a fluidized bed incinerator for incinerating waste. As shown in the figure, the supply equipment of the present invention includes a sorting scraper 13 disposed at the bottom of a storage container 12, and a conveying machine below the sorting scraper 13 for supplying materials to be handled to a fluidized bed incinerator 18. 15 are arranged,
Furthermore, a switching device 14 is provided for feeding the material to be handled, including coarse materials discharged from the foreign material outlet of the sorting and scraping device 13, into the pit 10 or the crusher 16.

- In the equipment having the configuration described above, the materials to be handled, which are mainly solid materials mixed with urban waste, industrial waste, biomass, and other fine and coarse materials, are loaded into the pit 10 by the transport 1-rack 30. It is placed into a storage container 12 by a crane 11. As will be described in detail later, the sorting scraper 13 scrapes the objects to be handled into the conveyance area of the conveyor 15, and at the same time removes the objects, including coarse objects whose size and shape are not suitable for conveyance by the conveyor 15, to the foreign matter removal port. From there, it is discharged to the discharge stream switching machine 14. The switching machine 14 feeds the materials to be handled, including coarse materials, into the crusher 16. The crusher 16 crushes the material to be handled, including the coarse materials, and supplies the crushed material to the pit 10 via a conveyor 17.

In addition, when the operation of the crusher 16 is stopped, the switching machine 1
4, the objects to be handled including coarse objects discharged from the foreign object outlet are directly thrown into the pit 10.

Figures 2 and 3 show the storage container 12 and the sorting scraper 13.
2(a) is a plan view, FIG. 2(b) is a side view seen from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 2(a), and FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of portion C in FIG. 2(b).

The conveyor 15 is connected to the fluidized bed incinerator 18 by a single screw conveyor, and is configured to directly feed the material to be handled into the fluidized bed incinerator 18 . The storage container 12 is a supply hopper,
It is a square peg tank made of steel plate.

When the sorting scraping machine 13 supplies the material to be handled to the fluidized bed incinerator 18, it has a forward rotation scraping screw 13-1 that rotates in the same direction as the conveyor 15, and a forward rotation scraping screw 13-1. Although it has the same structure, it is installed in the opposite direction and consists of a reversing scraping screw 13-2 that rotates in the opposite direction. The three screw shafts of these conveyor 15, the forward rotation scraping screw 13-1, and the reverse rotation scraping screw 13-2 are parallel to each other, and the forward rotation scraping screw 13-1 and the reverse rotation scraping screw 13-2 are used for conveying. They are arranged horizontally adjacent to each other on the upper part of the machine 15.

The gap between the normal rotation scraping screw 13-1 and the reverse rotation scraping screw 13-2 is slightly larger than the distance between the outer surface of the screw shaft of the conveyor 15 and the inner surface of the conveyor casing 20, that is, the width of the conveyance part of the conveyor 15. It's narrow. For this reason, the normal rotation scraping screw 13-1 and the reverse rotation scraping screw 13-2 have thick shafts and low screw blade heights. The rotational speed of the normal rotation scraping screw 13-1 and the reverse rotation scraping screw 13-2 is set higher than the rotation speed of the conveyor 15 so that the maximum scraping amount always exceeds the transportation amount of the conveyor 15.

In addition, when the conveyance machine 15 is used as an incineration feeder as in this embodiment, the rotation speed of the screw of the conveyance machine 15 needs to be made variable. 1 and reverse scraping screw 13-
If the drive of the conveyor 15 is rotated in conjunction with the conveyor 15 by a chain or gear, or if variable reduction ratio control is performed by a controller, the transport amount can always be exceeded at a constant rate. The materials put into the storage container 12 move around inside the sorting scraper 13 as shown by the arrow in FIG. Fluidized bed incinerator 1
8.

Objects to be handled that are too large to pass through the gap between the normal rotation scraping screw 13-1 and the reverse rotation scraping screw 13-2 and cannot be crushed by the sorting scraper 13 are separated by the forward rotation scraping screw 13-1 and the reverse rotation scraping screw 13-2. Reverse scraping screw 1
These screws 13-1.1 are inserted between 3-2
If left as is, the separation scraper 13 will either lock the rotation of the screw 3-2 or accumulate in the scraper portion and grow, increasing the rotational torque of the screw 13-1.13-2.
It becomes impossible to continue driving. Therefore, by locking or increasing the rotational torque, the forward rotation scraping screw 13-1 and the reverse rotation scraping screw 132 are reversed and the foreign matter is taken out from the foreign matter removal port 19. In this case, the forward rotation rake screw 1
It is not necessary to reverse the two screws, ie, the screw 3-1 and the reverse scraping screw 13-2, and it is sufficient to reverse only the screw in the same transport direction as the screw of the conveyor 15.

As a result, the forward rotation scratching screw 13 containing foreign matter
-1 and the objects to be handled near the reverse scraping screw 132 are completely pushed out to the foreign object outlet 19, unlike during normal operation. In order to reduce the amount of incinerated material that accompanies this extrusion, it is desirable that the height of the foreign matter outlet 19 be as low as possible, but if it is too low, foreign matter will not come out. It is preferable to provide a foreign matter discharge adjustment plate 20 for adjustment. The height of the foreign matter discharge adjustment plate 20 may be fixed as shown in the figure, but if the object to be handled varies from moment to moment, it may be made to be variable remotely using hydraulic sillage or the like.

Further, as shown in FIG.
Foreign matter ejection pusher driven by X! 27 (), and these foreign matter discharge coupe 28 and O/foreign matter discharge button 27 may be opened and closed by remote control.

The objects to be handled, including coarse objects, taken out from the foreign object outlet 19 are crushed by the crusher 16 as shown in FIG.
・Go back to 10.

In addition, so that the fluidized bed incinerator 18 can be operated even when the crusher 16 is stopped, the bit 1 is inserted directly through the crusher 16.
Setting it back to 0 is convenient when there is only a small amount of coarse material mixed in, or when unmanned operation is introduced and the crusher 16 is stopped during unmanned operation.

In the above-mentioned sorting scraper 13, the blades attached to the rotating shafts of the forward scraping screw 13-1 and the reverse scraping screw 13-2 may be separated into a plurality of paddles; If objects are mixed into the material to be handled, entanglement can be prevented by using continuous blades, i.e., screws. 23 (see FIG. 2(c)) to improve the scraping performance of the object to be handled is also effective in cases where the object to be handled contains coarse materials or has compaction or adhesive properties.

Further, the transport capacity of the sorting scraper 13 does not necessarily have to be reduced gradually, but may be carried out in stages. The following methods are available.

■Installing the blade onto the rotating shaft (= changing the J angle. In other words, in the case of a screw blade, changing the screw pitch. Also,
Change the angle of the paddle (-1I-).

■Change the area of the blade. That is, the thickness of the rotating shaft is changed while keeping the outer diameter of the blades the same. Also, the thickness of the rotating shaft is kept the same and the outer diameter of the blades is changed.

■Change the rotation speed of the rotating shaft. That is, the rotation axis is divided into left and right parts near the center, and the left and right sides have different rotation speeds. In addition, the rotary shaft is the center fixed shaft, and the blade that is rotatable with respect to the fixed shaft is divided into two protruding parts.

Although each of the methods described in item (-) has its advantages and disadvantages, the method in item (i) is expensive and impractical. In terms of cost, the rotation axis, gauging, etc. are the same in the axial direction.
Although the method in item 1 is inexpensive, when considering the possibility of coarse particles being mixed in, the method in item 0 is more desirable because it has a lower probability of being caught between the blades.

Note that it is preferable that the blade near the end in the transport direction of the rotating shaft has a blade surface parallel to the shaft so that the transport capacity is 0 and a force acting to send the blade in the shaft rotation direction is applied.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained below, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.

1) Dedicated receiving and supplying equipment for the crusher is not required.

(2) The capacity of the crusher is limited to coarse materials and their accompanying materials that cannot be destroyed by the sorting and scraping machine and poses a problem for the subsequent conveyor and process, so the capacity for urban biomass is extremely small.

In addition, this effect can be extremely enhanced by increasing the crushing and crushing power of the sorting and scraping machine, and by making the conveying machine larger (a).

(3) According to (2) above, the amount sent to the sorting scraper is just the capacity of the conveyor and the amount removed by the sorting scraper, which is a small amount compared to the conventional equipment shown in Figure 2. The capacity of transportation equipment such as the bucket crane of the equipment shown in Figure 1 is significantly reduced.

(4) Due to the above (2), since the throughput of the crusher is reduced, wear and tear on the crushing teeth is extremely reduced. Also, )J
S There is little need for the crusher to be stopped or repaired due to tooth damage or jamming due to contamination with gold nuggets, stones, rubble, crow, etc. Therefore, the burden associated with maintenance of the crusher is extremely reduced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a diagram showing an example in which the supply equipment of the present invention is used in a fluidized bed incinerator equipment for incinerating waste, and Figures 2 and 3 are diagrams showing the storage container, sorting scraper, and conveyor of the present invention. Figure 2 (a) is a plan view, and Figure 2 (b) is the same figure (a).
Figure 2 (c) is a side view seen from the direction of arrow A in Figure 2 (a).
) is a side view seen from the direction of arrow B11.
), FIG. 4 is a diagram showing details of another storage container, a sorting scraper, and a conveyor according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a conventional fluidized bed incineration facility. It is. In the diagram, 10 lanes, 12 grinding machine, 4 crusher, 17 incinerator, 19, 1...bucket 3...separation scraper, conveyor, 16... 18, fluid position 0...・Foreign matter removal 1] 4 adjustment pitch)・, 1 Storage container, 1 Switching machine, 15 ・Conhair, Foreign matter removal port, 2 Leveling plate, Conveyor casing. 22 Sorting machine casing.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A conveyor that conveys the object through a sorting device below a container that receives and stores the object, and a crusher that makes the size and shape of the object such that it can be transported by the conveyor. are installed in parallel, and the width of the passing part of the material to be handled in the sorting and scraping machine is equal to or smaller than the transportation width of the conveyor, and the material to be handled is scraped into the conveyor while being passed by the sorting and scraping machine. , A supply facility characterized in that the material to be handled that cannot pass through the sorting and scraping machine is pushed out from the swallowing part of the sorting and scraping machine to the inlet of the crusher. (2) The sorting scraper has a pair of rotating shafts arranged in parallel, the rotating shafts are opposed to each other and the adjacent side rotates downward, and the rotating shaft is generated by a blade attached to the rotating shaft. The transport capacity for nearby objects to be handled decreases along the rotation axis with respect to the transport direction, the transport directions relative to the rotation shafts are opposite to each other between the rotation shafts, and the rotation shafts are reversible;
2. The supply equipment according to claim 1, wherein the width of the gap between the rotating shafts is set to be less than or equal to the transportation width of the lower conveyor. (3) A foreign matter discharge gate for discharging foreign matter and a foreign matter discharge pusher for forcibly discharging foreign matter are installed below the container that receives and stores the materials to be handled and near the swallowing part of the sorting scraper. Claim (1) or (2)
) Supply equipment as described.