JP2898595B2 - Compound sorting equipment for mixed small and medium workpieces - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building, a house collapse site, a building construction site, a civil engineering site, a construction site, a waste treatment plant, a car shredding plant, and the like, such as earth and sand, and glass dust. , Waste plastic, paper waste,
Waste materials such as shredder dust mixed with a wide range of substances such as wood chips, fiber chips, and metals, agricultural products such as cereals, and other crushed or small and medium-sized containers and containers.
The present invention relates to a composite sorting apparatus for mixed small and medium workpieces, which sorts the powder-mixed workpieces by weight or size by two or more kinds of sorting means.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when such small and medium-sized mixed objects to be treated, especially mixed wastes, are incinerated as they are, the contaminated earth and sand, glass chips and metals are melted and adhered to the incineration equipment. It may cause damage or stop driving. In addition, waste plastic, paper waste, wood waste, and fiber waste that enter into the landfill will destabilize the landfill soil and cause long-term land subsidence. There was no easy and rational way to handle it.

[0003]

Therefore, if the above-mentioned small and medium-sized mixed materials to be treated, especially mixed wastes, are further separated into combustible organic substances and non-combustible inorganic substances, the production of regenerated fuel, iron, Recycling of resources, such as aluminum recovery, becomes possible, and not only is useful for conventional incineration and landfill treatment, but also valuable resources can be obtained. In June 1995, the “Act on the Promotion of Separated Collection and Recycling of Containers and Packaging (Container and Packaging Recycling Law)” was enacted and promulgated, and the previously stable waste was changed to a management type. The landfill has not been easy. Separation of small and medium-sized materials to be treated, especially mixed wastes, resulting from crushing or the like due to such a change in living environment has become an important issue. Fortunately, lightweight materials such as paper, cloth, plastic, and wood have many flammable organic materials, and heavy materials such as metals, glass, and stones have many non-flammable inorganic materials. It is possible to separate incombustible inorganic substances.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized or powdery mixed material to be processed first by using an inclined rotor separator without manual operation. To separate the non-repellent medium-sized lightweight material with a large amount of combustible organic matter, the repulsive medium-sized heavy material with a large amount of non-flammable inorganic material, and the small-sized mixed-powder, The weight can be further separated into small and light weight materials with a large amount of combustible organic matter and small and heavy weight materials with a large amount of non-flammable inorganic substances. An object of the present invention is to provide a composite sorting apparatus for mixed small and medium-sized workpieces that can prevent the supply from being stopped, and can separate a lightweight material from a heavy material well when sorting by an air flow and improve the sorting accuracy.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a composite sorting apparatus for mixed small and medium objects according to the first aspect of the present invention. The processed material is supplied from above the intermediate portion, and a plurality of rotating rotors in which large-diameter annular bodies and small-diameter annular bodies are alternately arranged in the axial direction are sieved between adjacent large-diameter annular bodies and small-diameter annular bodies. The rotor separator is formed by tilting the rotor so as to form an eye and rotating the rotor so as to feed the supplied small and medium workpieces upward. Conveying the shaped and lightweight object upward, dropping the relatively heavy or resilient medium-sized heavy object relatively downward with respect to the rotor, and dropping the mixed small object to be processed from the sieve, to be sorted out, The falling mixed small workpiece is supplied to a hopper, The small object to be treated is supplied to the middle part of the vertical or inclined vertical separation tube by a fixed amount supply means, and a negative pressure is applied to the inside of the vertical cyclone housing connected to the upper end of the vertical separation tube at the upper end by a suction blower. And an opening provided at the lower end of the vertical separation tube is used as an air suction port of the suction blower to generate an ascending air flow in the vertical separation tube. Transported and separated into the cyclone housing by an air flow, the lower end opening serves as an outlet for a small heavy object, and the rotary valve provided at the lower end of the cyclone housing serves as an outlet for a small lightweight object. The above-mentioned hopper is provided with a stirrer, and the above-mentioned vertical separation tube has a spiral body stored in the lower end part.

In this apparatus, first, the inclined rotor separator efficiently combustible organic matter without clogging while agitating the small and medium workpiece to be mixed supplied from the upper side of the middle part by upward rotation of the plurality of rotors. The overwhelmingly large non-repulsive medium-sized lightweight material that is relatively flexible for the rotor is sorted upwards, and the relatively non-combustible inorganic material that is relatively hard for the rotor is sorted downwardly. And dropping powder particles and mixed small workpieces from a sieve mesh formed by a large-diameter annular body and a small-diameter annular body alternately arranged in the axial direction of adjacent rotating rotors to sort them into three types. Can be done.

[0007] Further, powdery particles in which a heavy material and a light material are mixed, and a small object to be treated are supplied to a hopper of a wind separation device. In the wind separation device, the mixed small workpiece to be quantitatively supplied from the hopper to the intermediate portion of the vertical or inclined vertical separation tube continuously by the quantitative supply means is vertically or inclined at the rising portion of the vertical separation tube. Irrespective of this, a small heavy object falls according to the strength of the air flow sucked by the suction blower from the open lower end, and the small light object is conveyed to the air flow. Here, the to-be-processed object is classified into a light weight material in which combustible organic substances are overwhelmingly large and a heavy weight material in which incombustible inorganic substances are overwhelmingly large. It is collected from the opening at the lower end of the vertical separation tube. A rotary valve at the lower end of the vertical cyclone housing allows for the removal of lightweight objects without affecting the strength of the air flow in the vertical separation tube. In this way, it is possible to sort light and heavy objects from medium-sized mixtures to powder particles and small-sized mixtures. At this time, even if the material to be treated is stirred by the stirrer in the hopper even if the material to be treated is granular, it prevents a bridge phenomenon from being caused to stop the supply to the quantitative supply means, and the material to be treated is located at the lower end of the vertical separation tube. While moving the spiral body along the relatively long sliding fall path, the separation of the light and heavy objects is promoted, and the sorting accuracy can be improved.

[0008]

[0009]

[0010]

[0011]

[0012] In the combined sorting apparatus for small and medium-sized workpieces according to the second aspect of the present invention, the vertical separation tube may have, at the lower end thereof, a movable air volume adjusting plate for changing the volume of the passage therethrough. According to the third aspect of the present invention, the suction blower is rotationally driven by a variable speed motor. Therefore, in both of these combined sorting apparatuses, the upward air flow rate in the vertical separation tube is changed by changing the passage volume at the lower end of the vertical separation tube by the air volume adjusting movable plate or changing the rotation speed of the suction blower by the variable speed motor. If it changes, the selection branching point of a small lightweight thing and a small heavy thing can be changed.

[0013]

[0014]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, a combined sorting apparatus for small and medium-sized workpieces according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a typical example of a combined sorting apparatus for small and medium-sized workpieces according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the combined sorting apparatus, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the combined sorting apparatus, and FIG. Partial plan view of the rotor separator of the sorting device, FIG.
FIG. 3 is a side view of a representative example of a large-diameter ring body of the rotor separator.

In FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, a composite sorting apparatus 1 of a typical example is a small-sized or small-sized mixed object to be processed (such as shredder dust or the like mixed with a wide range of substances having different sizes and weights). (For example, 150 mm or less) The rotor separator 5 supplied by the supply opening 6A in the middle part of the housing 6 in which W0 forms the cover, and the wind separation device 10 in the next process
Receiving the powder and the small workpiece W3 that have been sieved by the separator 5 and fallen,
And a conveyer 9 for supplying the same.

The rotor separator 5 is composed of a plurality of rotating rotors 7 in which large-diameter rings 7A and small-diameter rings 7B are alternately arranged in the axial direction.
B are arranged on the inclined frame 5A with a sieve mesh space G therebetween, and each of the rotors 7 is driven to rotate by the rotary driving device 8 so as to feed the mixed small and medium workpiece W0 supplied from above the intermediate portion upward. To rotate the relatively resilient light-weight object W2 relatively soft to the rotor 7 upward, and to drop the relatively hard repulsive heavy object W1 downward to the rotor 7 to mix and process small mixed objects. The object W3 is connected to the large-diameter wheel 7A and the small-diameter wheel 7 of the rotor 7.
It is dropped from the sieve G between B and sorted. In addition, the rotor separator 5 has an opening at the bottom, a supply opening 6A for small and medium-sized workpieces on the upper surface of the middle part, an opening 6B for taking out non-repulsive medium and light weight objects at the upper end part, and a repulsive medium heavy substance at the lower end part. Are taken off by housings 6 each having a take-out opening 6C, and dustproofing and soundproofing are taken. Air ejecting means 6D for supplying the rising air flow A1 on the upper surface of the rotor is provided above the vicinity of the opening 6C for taking out the repulsive medium weight of the casing 6, and is ejected from the lower end of the casing 6. Ascending air flow A1
Thereby, the release of the mixed small and medium workpiece W0 is promoted, and the upward conveyance of the non-repulsive medium and light weight object W2 is promoted.

The rotor 7 has, for example, a large-diameter ring 7A as shown in FIG. 5 and a small-diameter ring 7B of a spacing piece as shown in FIG. They are alternately fitted. The large-diameter ring body 7A has a thin web 7c provided in a saw-tooth shape between a plurality of retreating fingers 7b having projections 7a formed on the side surfaces to prevent winding of a tape or a string, and to generate an air flow for floating and conveying. I am doing it. The large-diameter ring 7A and the small-diameter ring 7B are formed as an integral body. The rotation drive device 8 has an idle gear 8B interposed between a gear 8A with a rotor, and a large-diameter wheel body 7A with a motor 8M.
The attached gear 8A is driven to rotate so as to feed as described above. The rotation drive device 8 can adopt a chain type instead of the gear type. Further, the shape of the large-diameter ring body 7A can take various shapes other than the above. The tilt angle of the rotor separator 5 is adjusted for each frame 5A by the expansion / contraction means 5B. The conveyor 9 is provided below the rotor separator 5 in the longitudinal direction.

The wind separation device 10 comprises a hopper 11 from which the mixed powder and particles W3, which are sieved and dropped by the separator 5, are supplied from above by the conveyor 9, and the mixed powder and particles from the hopper 11, Small workpiece W3
And a suction blower 4 which communicates with a substantially horizontal supply means 15 to the intermediate portion 25 of the vertical separation pipe 20 at a fixed amount and communicates with the upper end of the vertical separation pipe 20 at the upper end and generates a negative pressure therein.
A vertical cyclone housing 30 provided with an opening 21 at the lower end of the vertical separation tube 20 to serve as an air suction port of a suction blower 40. Is generated, the small heavy object W4 is dropped by its own weight, the small light object W5 is conveyed and separated into the cyclone case 30 by the airflow A2, the lower end opening 21 is used as an outlet for the heavy object W4, and the cyclone case 30 A rotary valve 35 for taking out the light-weight object W5 is provided at the lower end portion of the rotary member. The vertical separation tube 20 can be installed not only vertically but also in an inclined state.

The hopper 11 has a substantially inverted truncated pyramid shape on the frame 12 and communicates with one end of a vibratory feeder 15 of a horizontal rectangular parallelepiped fixed-quantity supply means at a rectangular lower end opening. The vertical wall is provided with a screw-type stirrer 13 in the vertical direction. The mixed powder and the powder in the small workpiece W3 cause a bridging phenomenon in the hopper 11 and supply the mixed powder to the vibratory feeder 15. Is stopping. The vibratory feeder 15 is mounted horizontally on the frame 12 and uses a vibrator 16 that can easily and widely adjust the transport amount by inverter control, and continuously mix the powder and the small workpiece W3. It is sent to the intermediate part 25 of the vertical separation tube 20 by a fixed amount. In addition, the connecting portion to the intermediate portion 25 has a shutoff gate 17. A Eurus feeder can be used as the supply means 15.

The vertical separation tube 20 is connected to the vibro feeder 15
Has a rectangular cross section, and forms a relatively long sliding-falling path as a zigzag bent portion 26 downward. The mixed powder particles and the small workpiece W3 slide down the sliding-falling path. Is well disengaged while moving, and the separation of the small heavy object W4 and the small light object W5 is promoted. The lower end of the vertical separation tube 20 may be housed in a spiral shape while keeping a circular cross section to form a relatively long sliding fall path having the above function. Further, by turning a screw rod at the lower end of the vertical separation tube 20 with a handle or the like, an air volume adjusting movable plate having a nut screwed to the screw rod is provided so as to be moved in parallel to change the passage volume. By changing the speed, it is possible to change the selection branch point between the heavy load W4 and the light load W5.

The vertical cyclone housing 30 comprises a cylindrical portion 31 provided with a suction blower 40 on the top end surface, and an inverted conical portion 32 provided with a rotary valve 35 for taking out a small lightweight article W5 at a lower end portion. Ring 33 mounted on frame 12
It is fixed at. The vertical separation tube 20 communicates in the tangential direction at the upper end of the vertical cyclone housing 30 so that the small and lightweight product W5 separated and conveyed drops spirally in the housing 30. I have.

As the suction blower 40, a roots blower or the like, which is rotated and driven by an inverter-controlled variable speed motor 41 and has a large air volume, is used.
A back filter (not shown) is provided for collecting suspended matter. The suction blower 40 generates a constant light negative pressure for separating the light material in the middle portion 25 of the vertical separation tube 20, and the constant negative pressure is maintained by the quantitative supply by the vibratory feeder 15.

Thus, the mixed powder and the small workpiece W3 are
The small lightweight article W5 is supplied vertically by the ascending air flow A2 which is supplied to the intermediate portion 25 of the vertical separation tube 20 by the vibratory feeder 15 and is sucked from the opening 21 at the lower end of the vertical separation tube 20 by the suction blower 40. The small heavy object W4 is conveyed into the cyclone housing 30, and falls by its own weight against the rising airflow A2. Here, the mixed powder and the small object to be treated W3 are classified into a light-weight material W5 having an overwhelming amount of combustible organic matter and a heavy-weight material W4 having an overwhelming amount of non-flammable inorganic matter. W4 is taken out from the lower end opening 21 of the vertical separation tube 20. If the air flow rate is changed by changing the rotation speed of the variable speed motor 41 or adjusting the opening of the air volume adjusting movable plate, the weight W
Needless to say, it is possible to change the branch point between the light-weight object 4 and the lightweight object W5. Vibrator feeder 15 as the moving part
And the suction blower 40, but the number is small, and the structure is simple as a whole due to monotonous vibration and rotational movement, and there are few failures. Further, the mixed powder particles and the small workpiece W3 that fall from the rotor separator 5 are further separated into a heavy object W4 and a light object W5, so that the sorting accuracy can be improved.

[0024]

As apparent from the above description, (1)
According to the composite sorter for mixed small and medium objects to be processed according to claim 1 of the present invention, first, the mixed small and medium objects to be supplied from above the intermediate portion by the upward rotation of the plurality of rotors in the inclined rotor separator. Efficiently combustible organic matter overwhelmingly without clogging while agitating objects Non-repulsive lightweight material that is relatively flexible to the rotor and overwhelmingly nonflammable inorganic material relatively hard to the rotor The repulsive weights are sorted downward, and the mixed powder particles and the small powder are separated from the sieve mesh space formed by the large and small diameter rings alternately arranged in the axial direction of the adjacent rotating rotor. The processed material can be dropped and sorted into three types.

(2) Further, powder particles and a small object to be treated, in which a heavy material and a light material are mixed, are supplied to a hopper of a wind separation device, and are continuously vertically or inclined by a fixed amount supply means from the hopper by the wind separation device. The small mixture to be treated, which is supplied quantitatively to the middle part of the vertical separation tube, is supplied to the air flow sucked by the suction blower from the open lower end of the vertical separation tube regardless of whether it is vertical or inclined at the rising part. Depending on the strength of the object, it can be further sorted into a heavy object falling down and a light object conveyed by the air flow. Here, the mixed small objects to be treated are also classified into lightweight materials, which are overwhelmingly flammable organic materials, and heavy materials, which are overwhelmingly incombustible inorganic materials.The light-weight materials are small ones from the upper end of the rotor separator. Are collected from the rotary valve at the lower end of the vertical cyclone casing, medium-sized ones are collected from the lower end of the rotor separator, and small ones are collected from the opening at the lower end of the vertical separation tube.

(3) In addition, the rotary valve at the lower end of the vertical cyclone housing enables the removal of a lightweight object without affecting the strength of the air flow in the vertical separation tube. Also,
The moving part performs only monotonous rotation and monotonous vibration, so the structure is simplified and there are few failures. By the two-stage sorting operation of the rotor separator and the wind separator, it is possible to sort the light-weight material and the heavy-weight material ranging from the medium-sized mixture to the powder particles and the small-sized mixture. At this time, the object to be treated is also stirred by the stirrer in the hopper even in the case of powder and granules, preventing the supply to the fixed amount supply means from causing a bridging phenomenon,
While the object to be processed moves along a relatively long sliding and falling path in the spiral at the lower end of the vertical separation tube, separation of the light and heavy objects is promoted, and the sorting accuracy can be improved.

[0027]

[0028]

[0029]

[0030]

[0031]

(4) According to the composite sorting apparatus for small and medium-sized to-be-processed objects according to the second aspect of the present invention, the vertical separation tube is provided at its lower end with a variable air volume adjusting movable plate for changing the passage volume. When the upward air flow velocity in the vertical separation tube is changed by changing the passage volume at the lower end of the vertical separation tube by the air volume adjusting movable plate, the separation branch point of the light and heavy objects can be changed.

(5) According to the compound sorting apparatus for small and medium-sized to-be-processed objects according to claim 3 of the present invention, the suction blower is driven to rotate by the variable speed motor, so that the suction blower is driven by the variable speed motor. By changing the number of revolutions and changing the upward air flow rate in the vertical separation tube, the branch point between the light and heavy objects can be changed.

[0034]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a typical example of a composite sorting apparatus for mixed small and medium workpieces according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the composite sorting apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the composite sorting apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a partial plan view of a rotor separator of the composite sorting apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a side view of a typical example of a large-diameter annular body of the rotor separator.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Composite sorting apparatus for mixed medium and small objects to be treated as a representative example of the present invention 5 Rotor separator 5A Inclined frame 6A Supply opening for medium and small objects 6B Removal opening for non-repulsive medium and light weight objects 6C Removal of repulsive medium heavy objects Opening 7 Rotor 7A Large-diameter ring 7B Small-diameter ring 9 Conveying means (conveyor) 11 Hopper 13 Stirrer 15 Quantitative supply means (vibro feeder) 20 Vertical separation tube 21 Lower end opening 25 Intermediate part 26 Bent part 30 Vertical cyclone Housing 35 Small-sized and light-weight take-out rotary valve 40 Suction blower 41 Variable speed motor 42 Exhaust port A2 Ascending air flow G Sieve (interval) W0 Mixed small and medium-sized workpiece W1 Medium-sized heavy weight W2 Medium-sized lightweight lightweight W3 Mixed small-sized workpiece Processed material W4 Small and heavy W5 Small and lightweight

Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-7-185460 (JP, A) JP-A-53-16964 (JP, A) JP-A-52-78165 (JP, A) JP-A-56-141361 (JP, A) JP-A-49-39861 (JP, A) JP-A-54-136679 (JP, U) JP-A-56-76081 (JP, U) JP-A-63-16840 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B07B 1/00-11/08

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] An object to be processed is supplied from above an intermediate portion, and a plurality of rotating rotors in which large-diameter rings and small-diameter rings are alternately arranged in the axial direction. The large-diameter annular body and the small-diameter annular body of the adjacent rotors are inclinedly arranged so as to form a sieve mesh therebetween, and the rotor is rotationally driven so as to feed the supplied small and medium workpiece upward. The rotor separator comprises a relatively soft, non-resilient, medium-sized light object that is relatively flexible with respect to the rotor, and a relatively hard or resilient, resilient, medium-sized heavy object with respect to the rotor. The mixed small object to be processed is dropped from the sieve and selected, the mixed small object to be dropped is supplied to a hopper, and the small object to be processed is vertically or inclined from the hopper into the middle of a vertical separation pipe. To the upper part of the vertical separation tube. A negative pressure is generated by a suction blower inside the vertical cyclone housing communicated with the above, and an opening provided at a lower end portion of the vertical separation tube is used as an air suction port of the suction blower to raise the rising air flow into the vertical separation tube. The small lightweight article is conveyed and separated into the cyclone housing by air flow while the small heavy article is dropped by its own weight, and the lower end opening is used as an outlet for the small heavy article and provided at the lower end of the cyclone housing. In the combined sorting apparatus for small and medium-sized workpieces using a rotary valve as an outlet for small and light-weight objects, the hopper is provided with a stirrer, and the vertical separation tube contains a spiral body at the lower end thereof. A composite sorting device for mixed small and medium workpieces, characterized in that: 2. The vertical separation pipe has a movable air volume adjusting plate at its lower end for changing the volume of the passage therethrough.
The sorting device as described. 3. The sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the suction blower is driven to rotate by a variable speed motor.