JP2016047014A - Seed production method of scutellaria baicalensis - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of securing Scutellaria baicalensis seeds in large quantities with low cost.SOLUTION: The invention relates to a seed production method of Scutellaria baicalensis comprising harvesting the above-ground part of Scutellaria baicalensis in 30-60 days from the day when the number of blooming stumps reaches 40-50% of the total stumps, drying, threshing, and storing collected Scutellaria baicalensis seeds at from -20 to 15°C.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for seeding Scutellaria (herbal medicine name: Ougon).

  The Japanese Pharmacopoeia herbal medicine, Scutellariae Root, is the root excluding the pericarp of the basic plant Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Saiko Karyu Bone Oyster Hot Spring, Hankao Shinto Hot Spring, Houren Detox Hot Spring, Hot Spring Hot Spring, Jungoto Hot Spring, Gojosan, Kiyokami Fufuyu, Fufutsu Seishou, Megamisan, Shibutsuyu, Ryuboku Liver Hot Spring, Many such as Saiko Seibyoto, Futaba-yu, Sei-Lyo-yu, Sai-boku-to, Spicy-Kei-Lyo-yu, Sho-saiko-yu Kakyokyo-gypsum, Seishin-renko-drink, San-Hwa-jin-shin-yu, Saiko-yu and Sanmono-Yangon-yu It is used as a herbal medicine for herbal medicine. Koganebana has a long flowering period. In addition, the fruit set of seeds differs depending on the branch and also on the part, so that the fruit set is not uniform and the maturity level varies greatly. Therefore, so far, seed picking has been carried out by hand according to the maturity of seeds.

  However, Koganebana seeds are very small, 0.06 to 0.2 g / 100 grains, and the seeds are spilled by hand picking, so careful work is required and the efficiency is very poor. Furthermore, since seeds are formed over a long period of time, it is necessary to perform hand-picking operations many times, which increases labor costs. Therefore, if seeds are collected from cultivated Scaraba japonica, enormous costs are required for securing the seeds of Scaraba japonica, and this is one of the reasons why the expansion of ougon cultivation does not proceed.

  Non-Patent Document 1 reports the results of studies on the environmental factors affecting germination and emergence and seedling establishment of seeds of seedlings. As a result of germination tests on seeds of different production areas, germination of seeds collected in cold regions Although it is described that it was good and germinated quickly, there is no mention of seed storage conditions.

  In Non-Patent Document 2, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi was examined for flowering every 3 days from July to September, and the seeding after seeding was conducted at room temperature (10 It is stored in a paper bag at ˜25 ° C., and the flowering time of Scutellaria was bimodal.

  A seeding method for securing a large amount of seeds having a high germination rate at a low cost is useful for expanding cultivation of herbal medicines, but such a method did not exist.

Journal of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 47 (1), 1-5 (2002) Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials, 34 (9), 1328-1330 (2011)

  An object of the present invention is to provide a method for securing a large amount of seeds at low cost.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has sown the cultivated koganebana in an appropriate environment by using a machine or the like at an optimal timing from the ground, drying, threshing, It was found that high quality seeds with a high germination rate can be efficiently obtained by storing seeds with different maturity levels obtained by the selection process under specific conditions, and the present invention has been completed. .

That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) From the day when the flowering strain reached 40 to 50% of the whole, the above-ground part of Scutellariae was cut, dried, threshed, and collected at −20 ° C. to 15 ° C for 30 to 60 days. A method for seeding Scutellaria, including storing at ℃.
(2) The method according to (1) above, in which the above-ground part of Koganebana is cut at a time when all or part of the sepals of Koganebana contains immature seeds.
(3) All or a part of the scarlet of Scutellaria is as follows (a) to (c):
(A) The sepal is green and the opening of the sepal is closed,
(B) the tip of the sepal piece is red; and (c) most of the sepal piece is red.
The method according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the ground part of Scutellaria is reaped at the time of any of the states.
(4) The method according to any one of (1) to (3) above, wherein the ground part of Scutellaria is reaped between September and October.
(5) In the Keppen climate classification, the region falls under Dfa or Dfb in the subarctic humid climate, and the cumulative precipitation from September to October (except for days with daily precipitation of 30 mm or more) is 200 mm or less. The method according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein the cultivated maple is cultivated in an area and the ground part of the mapet moth is reaped.
(6) The method according to any one of (1) to (5) above, wherein the seeds of the resulting scallop are selected to be 0.1 g / 100 grain weight or more.
(7) The method according to the above (6), wherein the seed selection of Scutellaria is performed with a wind power sorter.
(8) In the region described in (5) above, the temperature conditions from August to November are the following (i) to (iii):
(I) The number of days with a daily maximum temperature of 30 ° C or higher is within 10 days,
(Ii) When the maximum daily temperature is 28 ° C or higher, within 15 days, and (iii) When the daily maximum temperature is 30 ° C or higher, the daily difference is cultivated under a condition that satisfies at least one of 10 ° C or higher. The method according to any one of the above (5) to (7), which includes cutting the above-ground part of the scallop, and drying, threshing, and storing the collected seed of scab in a sealed state at −20 ° C. to 15 ° C. .
(9) The method according to (8) above, wherein the storage period of the seeds of Scutellaria is at least 5 days or longer.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to greatly reduce the labor cost at the time of seeding and to ensure the quantitative quantity of seeds having a high germination rate of Scutellaria and to enable large-scale cultivation.

Figure 1 corresponds to Dfb, and the total precipitation during the flowering and fruiting period (September to October; excluding days with daily precipitation of 30 mm or more) is 130 mm. All of the above (i) to (iii) The result of investigating the germination rate after seeding the seeds of Scutellaria cultivated by cell tray planting in a place satisfying the conditions on September 28 by hand and storing at 4 ° C. is shown. Fig. 2 corresponds to Dfb, and the total precipitation during the flowering and fruiting period (September to October; excluding days with daily precipitation of 30 mm or more) is 130 mm. All of the above (i) to (iii) The seeds obtained by direct sowing or cell tray planting in a place satisfying the conditions are harvested on October 25 from the above-ground strains, dried for four days in the sun, threshing and wind-separated, and stored at 4 ° C. The result of investigating the germination rate is shown. FIG. 3 shows the stage of flower spikes divided into 10 stages from pods to seed fall. FIG. 4 shows the germination rate for each color of stems and sepals after 106 days. FIG. 5 shows the relationship between seed weight (g) and germination rate. FIG. 6 shows the relationship between seed storage conditions and germination rate.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The present invention is characterized in that seeds having different timings and maturity levels for cutting the above-ground parts are stored under specific conditions.

Specifically, from the day when the flowering strain reaches 40 to 50% of the whole, the above-ground part of Scutellaria is cut, dried, threshed and collected from 30 to 60 days (preferably 40 to 50 days). The obtained seeds are stored at -20 ° C to 15 ° C.
The above-mentioned “the flowering strain has reached 40 to 50% of the whole” refers to a state in which flowering has been confirmed in 40 to 50% or more of individuals and parts.

  The cultivation area is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of germination rate, a cold region, for example, a region corresponding to the subarctic humid climate in the Köppen climate classification is preferable, and a region corresponding to Dfa or Dfb of the subarctic humid climate is further included. preferable.

  Köppen climate classification is a climate classification method devised by climatologist Vladimir Peter Köppen (Germany, 1846-1940), which focuses on vegetation distribution and determines classification based on temperature and precipitation. It is.

Overview of each climate category:
Roughly, it consists of five climate zones: A (tropical), B (dry zone), C (temperate zone), D (subarctic zone (cold zone)), and E (cold zone). Each climatic zone is further subdivided. Of these, the subarctic (cold) (D) is an area where the temperature is not so low in summer, but in winter, the days with freezing continue, and the annual temperature difference is large. An area where the cold month is less than -3 ° C and the warmest month is 10 ° C or more (the winter snowfall is root snow, but trees can grow).

The subarctic zone (cold zone) (D) is further classified into the following w, s, and f.
w (dry in winter / summer rain): the rainiest month is in summer, 10 x least rainy month precipitation <wettest month precipitation s (summer dry / winter rain): the wettest month is in winter, 3x least Rainy Month Rainfall <Most Rainy Monthly Rainfall and Minimum Rainy Month Rainfall is less than 30mm f (yearly wet / annual average rainfall): neither w nor s Df (subarctic (cold) wet climate) is Japan This climate category covers Hokkaido and Hokkaido and Russia and Russia. A coniferous forest called Taiga has developed. In addition, there are many places where dairy farming and wheat production are thriving.
Df (subarctic (cold) humid climate) is further subdivided by the warmest monthly mean temperature.
a: The warmest month is 22 ° C or higher b: The warmest month is 10 ° C or higher and lower than 22 ° C and the monthly average temperature is 10 ° C or higher is 4 months or longer c: The warmest month is 10 ° C or higher and lower than 22 ° C and the monthly average The month when the temperature is 10 ° C or higher is 3 months or less and the coldest month is -38 ° C or more and less than -3 ° C d: The month when the warmest month is 10 ° C or more and less than 22 ° C and the monthly average temperature is 10 ° C or more is 3 months or less The coldest month is below -38 ° C

(1) Environmental conditions of flowering period (August to November) In the present invention, the temperature conditions of flowering period (August to November) are the following (i) to (iii):
(I) Number of days with daily maximum temperature of 30 ° C. or higher is within 10 days, preferably within 7 days (preferably around 5 days),
(Ii) If the maximum daily temperature is 28 ° C or higher, the number of days is 15 days or less (preferably around 10 days), and (iii) If the daily maximum temperature is 30 ° C or higher, the daily difference is 10 ° C or higher. It is preferable to satisfy.
The cultivation method may be either outdoor cultivation or indoor cultivation.

  In the said condition (ii), if the number of days whose daily maximum temperature is 28 ° C. or more is within 15 days, there is no difference between days. In the condition (iii), if the daily difference is 10 ° C. or more, the number of days having a daily maximum temperature of 30 ° C. or more may exceed 15 days.

  It is preferable that two or more of the conditions (i) to (iii) are satisfied, and it is most preferable that all of the conditions (i) to (iii) are satisfied. In addition, it is desirable that the accumulated precipitation in the flowering and fruiting period (30 to 60 days from the beginning of flowering, September to October) (except for days with a daily precipitation of 30 mm or more) is 200 mm or less. . Even if there is a day with a daily precipitation of 30 mm or more like a typhoon, the effect is not affected as long as it is within 7 days.

In the case of indoor cultivation, the room temperature and irrigation conditions may be adjusted so as to satisfy the above conditions.
What is necessary is just to cultivate in the point which satisfy | fills the said conditions in the case of outdoor cultivation. Examples of points that satisfy the above conditions include Hokkaido, Aomori Prefecture, Iwate Prefecture, Akita Prefecture, Fukushima Prefecture, and Nagano Prefecture.
In the case of indoor cultivation, it is preferable that the temperature of the flowering period satisfies all of the daily average temperature of 20 ° C. or less, the maximum temperature of less than 28 ° C., the daily temperature difference of 10 ° C. or more, and the minimum temperature of 5 ° C. or more.

(2) Sowing time and above-ground mowing timing The sowing time is preferably from April to May.
In the present invention, preferably, the above-ground part is cut by a machine between 30 days and 60 days from the day when the flowering strain reaches 40 to 50% of the whole.

  In the case of a cold region, that is, a point satisfying any one or more of the above conditions (i) to (iii), the flowering period indicates between 8/1 and 11/30. The early flowering period is until mid-August, the flowering and fruiting period is from early September to late October, and flowering continues until late November.

The timing for cutting the ground part may be determined based on the following criteria.
(Criteria A) All or part of Scutellaria is the following (a) to (c):
(A) The sepal is green and the opening of the sepal is closed,
(B) the tip of the sepal piece is red; and (c) most of the sepal piece is red.
The period of any of the above (Standard B) The period when all or a part of the scabbard contains immature seeds (Standard C) from August to November (preferably from early September to late October) As for the color of the seeds, the seed color changes from green to black in just a few days if it is dried at room temperature even when the sepals are green. It is easier to determine, that is, the criterion A is easier to judge than the criterion B.
In addition, if the above-ground cutting is before (a), the ratio of unfruited seeds is large, and if it is after (c), mature seeds fall, resulting in a decrease in seed yield.

(3) Conditions for accumulated rainfall during flowering and fruiting period For outdoor cultivation, the accumulated rainfall from September to October (except for days with a daily precipitation of 30 mm or more) is 200 mm or less. Region is preferred.

(4) Drying conditions (including post-ripening period)
It is preferable to store and dry for 60 to 100 days in an environment of −20 ° C. to 15 ° C. after cutting the ground part.

(5) Selection conditions After drying, threshing, collecting seeds, and performing specific gravity selection with wind force to adjust the weight of 100 grains to 0.1 g or more. Selection by seed washing is preferably not performed because it reduces the germination rate.

(6) Storage conditions Air-selected seeds are stored in a sealed state in an environment of -20 ° C to 15 ° C (preferably -20 ° C to 10 ° C), preferably until sowing. Here, the sealed state is sufficient as long as the dry state can be maintained. For example, a sealed container such as a cold box or a refrigerator can be used.

  As the storage temperature increases, the germination rate quickly reaches its maximum and then decreases. When stored at −20 ° C. to 15 ° C., the increase in germination rate is moderate, the germination rate has not reached its maximum even after 100 days have passed, and a high germination rate is maintained even at the time of sowing.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated further more concretely, the scope of the present invention is not limited to these Examples.

[Test Example 1] Germination test method The date when the above-ground part is excised or the date of seeding by hand is defined as "seeding date", and the dried and prepared seeds are spread on a 9 cm glass petri dish with filter paper. , 50 grains × 2 times or more, allowed to stand at 20 ° C. under light conditions (1,500 lux), and those that normally sprouted by 20 days after standing were counted as germinated.
・ Normal shoots (those with intact shoots and roots)
・ Abnormal sprout (one that does not produce roots or sprouts, or one that is abnormal, including spoiled sprout)
・ No germination (no germination)
Germination rate (%) = (Number of germination by 20 days after standing / 50 grains) × 100

[Example 1]
(1) Examination of cultivated land (a) Cultivated land corresponding to temperate wet climate Cfa Cultivation was carried out in Cultivated land A corresponding to temperate wet climate Cfa under the following cultivation conditions.
2008/5 Preparation for nursery field Compost 2t / 10a, Chemical fertilizer 40kg / 10a
2008/5 Sowing Sowing (Minoru vegetable sowing machine)
2008/7 Additional fertilizer (chemical fertilizer 20Kg / 10a)
2009/6 Additional fertilizer (chemical fertilizer 20Kg / 10a)
2009/6 Confirmation of flowering of Scaraba vulgaris 2009/8, 2009/9, 2009/10 Seed the ground part from the ground (simultaneous seeding)
2009/8 Seeds only spikelets (hand picking)

The field of about 2a was divided almost equally into 6 test zones (1 test zone 32m ² ), the above-ground part was harvested by the following time and method, and the seed yield was investigated.
Collecting seeds: Cutting the above-ground part from the stock and picking seeds by hand Picking seeds: Taking off only the spikes by hand

(Test area)
(A) Collecting seeds at the end of August (b) Collecting seeds in September (c) Collecting seeds in October (d) Picking spikes at the end of August After harvesting, drying in a greenhouse, 2009/1/18 Thresh out all the test areas with a threshing machine, remove the shards with a sieve with an opening of 4m / m, and remove the dust manually, then with a suction wind sorter MHV-100 (Harashima Denki Kogyo) Sorting was done with wind power 20.
The germination test described in Test Example 1 was performed on the seeds obtained in the wind sorting (20). The results are shown in Table 1.

  The seeds of Koganabana seeds harvested in the Keppen climate classification corresponding to the temperate wet climate Cfa have a high germination rate of 15.3% even in the case of hand-picked seeding or simultaneous seeding. I couldn't.

(B) Cultivated land corresponding to Dfb in subarctic wet climate As shown in (a) above, germination rate was not good in Cultivated land A corresponding to temperate wet climate Cfa in Köppen climate classification. Considering that this is because the temperature of the cultivated land is high, the cultivation of Scutellaria was cultivated under the following conditions in the cultivated land B (Hokkaido) corresponding to Dfb in a subarctic humid climate, but the germination rate immediately after seeding was not good. In addition, as for the environmental conditions of the flowering season (August to November) of the cultivation area B, the number of days when the daily maximum temperature is 30 ° C. or higher is 7 days, and the number of days when the temperature is 28 ° C. or higher is 13 days. However, the difference from the daily minimum temperature on the day when the daily maximum temperature was 30 ° C. or higher was less than 9 ° C. The cumulative precipitation from September to October (excluding days with daily precipitation of 30 mm or more) is about 130 mm (days with daily precipitation of 30 mm or more (corresponding 1 day)). The total precipitation when there was no water was about 160 mm).
Further investigations have been carried out, and it has been found that germination rate is increased by low-temperature storage for a certain period after seeding.

(Details of cultivation conditions)
2010/5 Preparation for nursery field Compost 2t / 10a, Chemical fertilizer 40kg / 10a
2010/5 Sowing row sowing (Minoru vegetable seeding machine)
2010/6 Additional fertilizer (chemical fertilizer 20Kg / 10a)
2010/8 Additional fertilizer (chemical fertilizer 20Kg / 10a)
2010/9 Confirmation of flowering of Scutellaria with more than 50% strains 2010/9, 2010/10 Harvesting only spikes (hand picking)
2010/10 Harvesting and seeding of ground part from the ground (simultaneous seeding)

(2) Number of days elapsed after seeding and germination rate After seeding, seeds of Scutellaria cultivated in the above-mentioned cultivation area B for 10 days in an environment with a maximum temperature of 15 ° C to 22 ° C or a maximum temperature of 5 ° C to 19 ° C The product was stored for 22 days at the bottom, and then stored in a 4 ° C. refrigerator. The germination rate after storage for the period was measured by the method described in Test Example 1.

  FIG. 1 shows the results of investigating the germination rate of seeds of Scutellaria cultivated by cell tray fixed planting on September 28 by manual harvesting and storage at 4 ° C.

  Fig. 2 shows that seeds obtained by direct sowing or cell tray fixed planting were harvested from the above-ground strains on October 25, dried for four days in the sun, threshed and wind-separated, and stored at 4 ° C. The result of investigating the germination rate is shown.

  Based on the above findings, cultivating Scarabae according to the present invention, and simultaneously seeding at an appropriate time and then storing it in a low temperature environment for a certain period of time, it is possible to efficiently obtain a high-quality Sorbusana seed with a high germination rate. I understood.

(3) Color and germination rate of seeds It is assumed that the maturity of seeds can be judged by the size and color of the seeds from the time of arrival to the fall of the seeds. Was observed in the cultivation area B described above. Regarding the color of the seeds in the pods, it is difficult to judge the maturity by the color of the seeds because the seeds will turn from green to black in just a few days if they are dried at room temperature even when the pods are green. Therefore, only the sepal was the object of observation.

From the previous observation results, the process from the pod to the fall of the seed was divided into the following 10 stages (FIG. 3).
1.蕾 2. 2. The lower part of the flower is flowering. 3. The central part of the flower is blooming. 4. The upper part of the flower is flowering. 5. The sepal is green and the opening of the sepal is closed. 6. The tip of the heel piece is red. 7. Most of the sepals are red. 8. A part of the piece is browned. The spider is almost browned but the stem is green
Ten. 2/3 or more of the stem is browned In order to confirm the difference in germination rate of seeds seeded in the 4 stages of 5 and 7-9, a germination test was conducted by the method described in Test Example 1.

For the purpose of examining the timing of seeding, the optimal time of seeding was examined by distinguishing the maturity of seeds by the color of the seeds. (Cultivation area B)
At any maturity level (stages 5, 7, 8, 9), germination hardly occurred immediately after seeding. However, as a result of storage at low temperature (4 ° C.), the germination rate greatly increased after 106 days to 45 to 70%, and it was found that the germination rate of stage 5 was particularly improved (FIG. 4).

(4) Weight of 100 seeds and germination rate The seeds of Scutellaria cultivated in the above-mentioned cultivation area B are sorted by specific gravity using a suction wind power sorter MHV-100 (Harashima Denki Kogyo) without washing with water. It was found that the germination rate was increased by adjusting the seeds to 0.100 g / 100 grains or more. It was less than 30% at 0.100 g / 100 or less.
The results for late October (flowering fruiting) seeding are shown in FIG. Moreover, germination rate decreased by about 20% when washed with water.
Based on the above knowledge, simultaneous seeding (ground cutting) has become possible.

(5) Germination rate by low-temperature storage of seeds When seeds of Scutellaria cultivated in the above-mentioned cultivation area B are immediately stored in a 4 ° C. refrigerator or stored at room temperature (stored in a sealed container at room temperature 18-23 ° C. ; The same applies hereinafter), the germination rate after one year was measured by the method described in Test Example 1. The results are shown in FIG.

(6) Comparison of work efficiency between simultaneous seeding and hand-picked seeding The above-mentioned cultivation area B and cultivation area C (Hokkaido; September to October, which is the flowering fruiting season (however, there is no day with a daily precipitation of 30 mm or more)) The total amount of precipitation is about 110 mm), so that seeds are seeded in (April), and the time required for the seeding work is obtained by performing simultaneous (mechanical) seeding and hand-picking seeding in late September, which is the flowering fruiting stage. The amount of time required to obtain 100 g of seed was calculated from the amount of seed. In addition, as for the environmental conditions of the flowering season (August to November) of the cultivation area C, the number of days when the daily maximum temperature was 30 ° C. or higher was 5 days, and the number of days at 28 ° C. or higher was 11 days. However, the difference between the daily maximum temperature on the day when the daily maximum temperature was 30 ° C. or higher was less than 8 ° C.

(Simultaneous seeding (machine seeding))
All the above-ground parts of Scutellaria cultivated from September to October, the flowering and fruiting period, were cut off from the ground with a bean mower and dried in a greenhouse for several days. After drying, threshing is performed using a general-purpose wheat threshing machine, and unnecessary foreign matter such as stalks and leaves are screened and wind-selected (suction type wind-powered sorter HMV-100 manufactured by Harashima Electric Industry Co., Ltd.). The final seed was obtained by adjusting to 1 g or more.

The work time required for seeding was calculated by summing up the harvesting, threshing, sieving and wind selection times.
When the obtained seed amount X (g) and working time Y (minutes) are used, the time (T) required to obtain 100 g of seeds is calculated as follows.
T = (Y / X) × 100

(Hand picking)
The sapling cultivated in September to October, which is the flowering and fruiting period, was visually confirmed, and the fruiting (ripe) sites were selected 3 to 4 times by eye and collected by hand in a bucket or bag. The resulting fruited parts were dried (expanded on vinyl) for several days, crushed and beaten, and then the excess stems and leaves were removed with a sieve and then wind-selected to obtain final seeds. The work time required for seeding was calculated by adding up the time required for manual folding, sieving and wind selection time.
Table 2 shows the time necessary for obtaining 100 g of seeds (converted per person) and the time reduction ratio (simultaneous seeding / hand-picking seeding).

(7) Flowering season (August to November) Seed in a cultivation area that does not satisfy one of the temperature conditions (i) to (iii) From September, which corresponds to Dfb in a subarctic wet climate, and is the flowering fruiting season Accumulated precipitation in October (excluding days with daily precipitation of 30 mm or more) is approximately 165 mm (accumulated precipitation is approximately 310 mm without excluding days with daily precipitation of 30 mm or more (applicable two days)) A test for confirming the germination rate according to the difference in storage conditions was carried out by the method described in Test Example 1 using seeds of Koganebana cultivated in Cultivated Land D (Hokkaido). The environmental conditions during the flowering period (August to November) were 4 days when the daily maximum temperature was 30 ° C. or higher, and 10 days when 28 ° C. or higher. However, the difference between the daily maximum temperature on the day when the daily maximum temperature was 30 ° C. or higher was less than 9 ° C., and did not satisfy the temperature condition (iii). The germination rate was calculated as an average value of 50 grains × 2 repetitions. The storage conditions were stored in a sealed container under two conditions of 10 ° C. and 4 ° C. after storage at room temperature for 20 days.

  When stored at 10 ° C. and 4 ° C., the increase in germination rate is moderate, and the germination rate is not yet the highest even after 100 days have passed, and a high germination rate is maintained at the time of sowing.

  As a result of this test, after seeding in September-October, which is the flowering fruiting period, there are about 150 days to 200 days or more until April after the next seeding, so it dries as soon as possible after seeding. , Stored in a sealed state at −20 ° C. to 15 ° C. or slowly dried at a low temperature of 4 ° C. or less (preferably 4 ° C. to −15 ° C.) It has been found that storage at 15 ° C. is preferred.

Furthermore, by using this method, the seeding of Scutellaria can be seeded and harvesting of Ougon (underground) can be simultaneously performed in one year after sowing, so that the cultivation efficiency is further improved.
The results are shown in Table 3.

(8) Cultivation and seeding method It corresponds to Dfb of subarctic humid climate, and the accumulated rainfall from September to October (except for days with a daily precipitation of 30 mm or more) is about 180 mm (excluding days with daily precipitation of 30 mm or more). Machine (Minoru vegetable seeding machine) in April in the field of cultivation area E (Hokkaido) 6a of the day of precipitation 30mm or more (according to the 2nd day) if it does not exclude 30 days or more. ) Sowed and cultivated.

  In October, the flowering and fruiting period, the above-ground part was harvested all at once with a machine (general-purpose bean mower). The environmental conditions of the flowering period (August to November) were 7 days when the daily maximum temperature was 30 ° C. or more, and 15 days were 28 ° C. or more. Moreover, the difference with the daily minimum temperature of the day when the daily maximum temperature was 30 degreeC or more was all 10 degreeC or more.

Half of the harvested above-ground part was piled up on a cold field on a farm, covered with a vinyl sheet blocking rainwater, and stored and dried for about one week. The other half was stored in a greenhouse for about a week and dried. After drying, threshing (general wheat threshing machine), sieving and specific gravity sorting by wind power were performed with a suction wind sorter MHV-100 (Harashima Denki Kogyo Co., Ltd.) to obtain 0.2 kg of Koganebana seeds.
(9) Cultivation and seeding method It corresponds to Dfb of subarctic humid climate, and the accumulated precipitation from September to October (except for days with a daily precipitation of 30 mm or more) is about 122 mm (1 Machines for seeding Koganebana seeds in April (growing vegetable seeder) in the field of cultivation area F (Hokkaido) 1a where the daily precipitation is 30mm or more (excluding the corresponding 2 days). Sowed and cultivated. The cultivation conditions were the same as in Example 1 (1) and (b), and the above-ground part was harvested with a machine (general-purpose bean mower) all at once in the flowering and fruiting period (October). The environmental conditions during the flowering period (August to November) were 4 days when the daily maximum temperature was 30 ° C. or higher, and 15 days when 28 ° C. or higher. Moreover, the difference with the daily minimum temperature of the day when the daily maximum temperature was 30 degreeC or more was 10 degreeC or more.

All the above-ground parts of Koganebana cultivated in the flowering and fruiting period were cut off from the ground with a bean mower and dried for several days in a greenhouse. After drying, threshing is performed using a general-purpose wheat threshing machine, and unnecessary foreign matter such as foliage is sieved and wind-selected (suction-type wind-powered sorter MHV-100, manufactured by Harashima Electric Industry Co., Ltd.). The final seed was obtained by adjusting to 15 g or more.
The germination rate of the seeds after storing the obtained seeds in a closed container for 92 days at a low temperature (−16.3 ° C. to 14.5 ° C., average 0.58 ° C.) is about 80%, and high quality seeds Could get.

(10) Cultivation and seeding method It corresponds to Dfb in subarctic humid climate, and the cumulative precipitation from September to October (except for days with daily precipitation of 30 mm or more) is about 93 mm (1 In the field of the cultivation area G (Hokkaido) 1a of the day when the daily precipitation of 30 mm or more (the corresponding 4 days) is not removed, the same method as in Example 1 (1) (b) Growing Koganebana. The environmental conditions during the flowering period (August to November) were 4 days when the daily maximum temperature was 30 ° C. or higher, and 15 days when 28 ° C. or higher. Moreover, the difference with the daily minimum temperature of the day when the daily maximum temperature was 30 degreeC or more was about 10 degreeC.

In October, the flowering and fruiting period, the above-ground part was harvested all at once with a machine (general-purpose bean mower).
The harvested above-ground part is stored and dried at -11.5 ° C to 17.2 ° C and an average of 1.1 ° C for about 15 weeks, and after drying, threshing (general wheat threshing machine), unnecessary foreign matter such as foliage Specific gravity sorting by sieving and wind force was performed with a suction wind force sorter MHV-100 (Harashima Denki Kogyo Co., Ltd.) to obtain 0.9 kg of seeds. The seed weight of 100 grains was about 0.147 g.

The germination rate of the seeds after storing the obtained seeds in a closed container for 7 days at a low temperature (4 ° C.) was about 81%, and it was found that the seeds were high-quality seeds with a high germination rate.
The germination rate when the low temperature load for 7 days was not performed was about 12%, and the improvement of the germination rate due to the low temperature load was confirmed.

(11) Cultivation and seeding method It corresponds to Dfb in subarctic humid climate, and the cumulative precipitation from September to October (except for days with a daily precipitation of 30 mm or more) is about 123 mm (1 In the same manner as in Example 1 (1) (b), Koganebana was cultivated in the cultivation area H (Hokkaido) where the daily precipitation of 30 mm or more (the corresponding 6th day) is not removed). . The environmental conditions during the flowering period (August to November) were 0 days when the daily maximum temperature was 30 ° C or higher, and 7 days when 28 ° C or higher.

In October, the flowering and fruiting period, the above-ground part was harvested all at once with a machine (general-purpose bean mower).
The harvested above-ground part is stored and dried at −2.3 ° C. to 11.6 ° C. and an average of 5.24 ° C. for about 6 weeks, and after drying, threshing (general wheat threshing machine), unnecessary foreign matter such as foliage Specific gravity sorting by sieving and wind force was performed with a suction wind force sorter MHV-100 (Harashima Electric Industry Co., Ltd.) to obtain about 75 g of Koganebana seeds. The seed weight of 100 grains was about 0.134 g.

After the obtained seeds were stored in a closed container for 7 days at low temperature (4 ° C.), the germination rate of the seeds was 90%, and it was found that the seeds were high-quality seeds with a high germination rate.
When the low temperature load for 7 days was not performed, the germination rate was about 60%, and the improvement of the germination rate due to the low temperature load was confirmed.

Claims (9)

  From the day when the flowering strain reached 40 to 50% of the whole, the aerial part of Scutellaria was cut and dried, threshed in 30 to 60 days, and the collected Scutellaria seeds were stored at −20 ° C. to 15 ° C. A method for seeding Scutellaria comprising:   The method according to claim 1, wherein the above-ground part of Koganebana is cut at a time when all or part of the sepals of Koganebana contains immature seeds. All or a part of the scarlet of Koganebana is the following (a) to (c):
(A) The sepal is green and the opening of the sepal is closed,
(B) the tip of the sepal piece is red; and (c) most of the sepal piece is red.
The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the above-ground part of Scutellaria is reaped at the time of any of the states.   The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ground part of Scutellaria is reaped between September and October.   A region that falls under Dfa or Dfb in a subarctic humid climate in Köppen climate classification, and has an accumulated rainfall of 200 mm or less from September to October (except for days with a daily precipitation of 30 mm or more) The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein cultivar is cultivated and the above-ground part of the scallop is harvested.   The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the seeds of the scallop are obtained to be 0.1 g / 100 grain weight or more.   The method according to claim 6, wherein the seed selection of Scutellaria is performed with a wind power sorter. In the region of claim 5, the temperature conditions from August to November are the following (i) to (iii):
(I) The number of days with a daily maximum temperature of 30 ° C or higher is within 10 days,
(Ii) When the maximum daily temperature is 28 ° C or higher, within 15 days, and (iii) When the daily maximum temperature is 30 ° C or higher, the daily difference is cultivated under a condition that satisfies at least one of 10 ° C or higher. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, which comprises cutting the above-ground part of dried Scutellaria, drying, threshing, and storing the collected Scutellaria seeds in a sealed state at -20 ° C to 15 ° C.   The method according to claim 8, wherein the storage period of the seeds of Koganebana is at least 5 days or longer.

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