JP2016008114A - Elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an elevator which can reduce the number of components by using a region that can be shared with a rail of a car and eliminating a rail of a counterweight as a shared part and can ensure reliability relatively easily.SOLUTION: An elevator in this invention comprises: a car 3 and a counterweight 4 ascending and descending in a hoistway; a rope 2 suspending the car 3 and the counterweight 4; a driving device 1 for driving the car 3 and the counterweight 4; and a car rail 9 for guiding the car 3. The elevator is configured that the amount of movements of the car 3 is twice the amount of movements of the counterweight 4 and that the counterweight 4 travels on a part of the car rail 9.

Description

  The present invention relates to a main configuration and mechanism of an elevator which is suitable for reducing the number of parts by partially sharing an elevator car and a counterweight rail and which contributes to a reduction in occupied space.

  In the elevator, the car is suspended by a rope, and the car moves up and down by hoisting the rope with a hoist. Generally, the balance weight of the hoisting machine (energy consumption) and the external dimensions are connected by using a balance weight that is the sum of the car's own weight and half of the passenger load, and connecting the balance weight with the rope. We are trying to reduce it. A total of four guide rails are installed on the hoistway, each of which has a pair of left and right guide rails for guiding the traveling of the car and the balance weight in the vertical direction.

  The car and balance weights pass almost at the center in the height direction of the hoistway, and the other parts do not pass each other. For this reason, for example, in the inventions described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, a configuration is disclosed in which the counterweight is moved to the car traveling side at a portion where the counterweight does not pass and the occupied volume of some hoistways is reduced. Has been. In these configurations, a mechanism for bending the balance weight rail or moving the rope position to the hoisting machine or the balance weight is provided.

  In the former, a direct-acting drive mechanism is disposed in the machine room, and the baffle pulley is moved to the drive sheave to avoid interference with the cage of the rope. In the latter case, a direct-acting drive mechanism for moving the counterweight horizontally is provided above and below the counterweight frame. In another embodiment, a curved movable part guide rail and a guide device are added in addition to a normal guide rail and a guide device, and a mechanism for moving the weight horizontally at a predetermined position is provided to supply power. It is unnecessary.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-010438 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-321960

  In the elevator configuration described in Patent Document 1, a large driving device is required to horizontally drive the baffle pulley on which the rope is wound. The machine room is also equipped with a machine beam for installing the hoisting machine and a beam for supporting vibration isolation, and this includes the reaction force receiving part of the driving force while avoiding interference with the rope on the non-moving side. In order to mount the drive device, the machine room becomes large. Further, the reduction range of the hoistway is limited to the upper half of the hoistway where it is easy to avoid interference between the cage and the rope.

  In the elevator configuration described in Patent Document 2, a mechanism for moving the entire weight excluding the balance weight frame in the horizontal direction is mounted on the balance weight, and the drive device tends to be large. Moreover, in the structure which added the movable part guide rail and guide apparatus as described in another Example, since it is separately provided in these existing apparatuses, the number of parts increases. The range of the hoistway is not limited to the upper half of the hoistway, so that when the car is above the hoistway (that is, the balance weight is equivalent to the lower part of the hoistway), the rope passes through the back of the car. In addition, the space required for the hoistway is about half the thickness of the counterweight.

In the above two conventional technologies, the purpose is mainly to reduce the hoistway volume, and no realization method for reducing the number of parts by reducing the balance weight rails is disclosed.
Therefore, to reduce the balance weight rail while reducing the space in both the upper half and the lower half of the hoistway, avoiding interference between the rope and the car, especially when the car is above the hoistway, and the counterweight There was a need to solve new problems such as how to transfer to the retreat rail. Also, after the car has passed the counterweight at the center of the height, to return the counterweight to the car rail again, avoid the interference between the rope and the car in the upper half of the hoistway, and then correct the car in the lower half of the hoistway. The rope must be routed around the part that overlaps the projection. In order to realize this, it is necessary to secure the clearance of the car once by providing an idler pulley or the like in the central part of the hoistway rather than directly pulling the rope from the counter pulley to the counterweight.
This is because if the idler comes into contact with or does not touch the rope moving at high speed, the behavior of the idler and the rope tends to become unstable, and it is difficult to ensure the reliability from the viewpoint of the life of the rope and idler.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and by using a portion that can be shared with the rails of the car, it is possible to reduce the number of parts by reducing the rails of the counterweights of the shared portion, and reliability. The purpose is to obtain an elevator that is relatively easy to secure.

  In order to achieve the above object, an elevator according to the present invention comprises a car and a balance weight that moves up and down in a hoistway, a rope that holds the balance weight together with the car, and the car and the balance weight. In an elevator comprising a driving device for driving and a car rail for guiding the car, the moving amount of the car is configured to be twice the moving amount of the counterweight, The counterweight is configured to travel a part of the car rail.

  According to the elevator of the present invention, by using a part that can be shared with the rails of the car, the number of parts can be reduced by reducing the counterweight rails in the common part, and it is relatively easy to ensure reliability. Can get a good elevator.

It is the whole elevator schematic diagram which shows one Example of this invention. It is an elevator schematic diagram which shows one Example of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state immediately after the balance and the weight of the elevator car and the elevator which shows one Example of this invention passed. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the retraction operation | movement to the retraction rail of the balance weight in one Example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed the shape of the car rail in one Example of this invention, and the mode of the car side roller guide. It is sectional drawing which showed the relationship between the cage rail and balance weight side roller guide in one Example of this invention. It is a principal part enlarged view which shows the structure of the balance weight in one Example of this invention. It is a principal part enlarged view which shows the structure of the building side rope end of one Example of this invention.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the elevator schematic diagrams of FIGS. FIG. 1 is an overall view of an elevator showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an elevator schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

  The elevator car 3 is connected to the counterweight 4 and the rope 2, and the hoisting machine 1 is installed in the machine room 5 at the top of the hoistway. The hoisting machine 1 is composed of a sheave and a motor. In addition, a deflecting pulley 11 for changing the position of the rope 2 is arranged in the machine room. As shown by a dotted line in FIG. 1, the conventional hoistway 13 generally has a uniform rectangular cross section from the pit to the top, and the machine room 5 also has the same cross section to reduce the hoistway occupation area in the building. So that elevator equipment is housed.

  FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view from the side of the condition where the car 3 is on the lowest floor and the counterweight 4 is located on the highest floor. As shown in the drawing, the rope 2 is disposed on the upper portion of the car 3, and its end 6 a is coupled to the main body of the car 3. Normally, the other end 6b of the rope 2 is coupled to the upper end of the counterweight 4, but in the embodiment of the present invention, the pulley 10 is disposed on the counterweight 4, and the rope end 6b is fixed to the building side. The

  FIG. 2 schematically shows this more clearly. As shown in FIG. 2, the car 3 is directly connected to the rope 2 and suspended, and the counterweight 4 is suspended by the rope 2 by 2: 1 roping, so that the amount of movement of the counterweight 4 is the car. 3 (hereinafter referred to as a balance weight 2: 1 system, a system in which the car 3 and the balance weight 4 are connected by the rope 2 is referred to as a 1: 1 system). Thereby, the raising / lowering section of the counterweight 4 can be made only above the hoistway. In this case, the lower half of the hoistway does not require a traveling space for the counterweight 4 and only needs a traveling space for the car 3. That is, the space 12 in the figure can be reduced. This configuration has a demerit that the mass of the counterweight 4 is doubled compared to the 1: 1 method. However, if the car 3 is made of a lightweight member, the increment can be minimized.

  In the hoistway, car rails 9 extend vertically to guide the vertical movement of the car 3. Usually, a similar rail is extended to the counterweight 4, but in this embodiment there is no counterweight rail. That is, in the upper section of the hoistway, the counterweight 4 travels on the car rail 9, and transfers to the retreat rail 16 in the vicinity where it passes the car 3. The retraction rail 16 includes a curved rail 7 and a straight rail 8, and rollers (20a and 20b in FIG. 4) provided in the center of the width of the counterweight 4 move on the rail. In FIG. 1, the state immediately before the car 3 rises and passes the counterweight 4 is indicated by dotted lines. The counterweight 4 starts to rotate so as to move to the left in order to avoid interference with the car 3.

  The rope 2 attached to the car and the pulley 10 attached to the counterweight 4 are both arranged substantially at the center in the depth direction. On the other hand, the car rail 9 is offset to the counterweight 4 side from the center of the car 3, and even if the counterweight 4 runs on the car rail 9, the ropes 2 on the car side and the counterweight side are mutually connected. I try not to interfere.

  When the counterweight 4 is at the uppermost position, the counterweight pulley 10 and the rope end 6b on the building side are rotated and inclined clockwise with respect to the paper surface. This is because the counterweight 4 can travel on the car rail 9 without changing the horizontal position of the rope end 6b depending on the position of the counterweight and without the rope 2 interfering with the hoistway. It is. In the case of the counterweight 2: 1 system, the position where the counterweight and the counterweight pass each other is about 3/4 from the bottom in the hoistway height direction.

  In order to describe the present embodiment in detail, FIG. 3 shows a schematic view immediately after the car 3 is raised from the state of FIG. 1 and the counterweight 4 is lowered to pass each other. The counterweight 4 passes through the curved rail 7 and is on the straight rail 8. At this time, the rope connecting the counterweight 4 and the rope end 6b is substantially parallel to the vertical line, and the counterweight pulley 10 and the rope end 6b are not inclined. Even if the car 3 moves from this position to the top floor, the counterweight 4 simply goes down the straight rail 8 as it is, up to about half the height of the hoistway (18 in FIG. 1).

  The rope 2 and the hoistway wall 17 on the side of the counterweight 4 have a minimum clearance so that the rope 2 does not interfere with the hoistway, and the wall surface of the hoistway wall 17 protrudes inside the hoistway. It has a structure. Thereby, the space of the adjacent building side can be expanded and a building volume can be effectively utilized for a residence, a tenant, etc. In the balance weight 2: 1 system, the lift speed of the balance weight 4 is half of the lift speed of the car 3. Since the speed of the counterweight 4 is slow, a smooth movement from the car rail 9 to the retracting rail 16 is possible.

  Next, the retraction operation of the counterweight 4 to the retraction rail in one embodiment of the present invention will be described using the side view of the counterweight 4 in FIG. FIG. 4 shows a sectional side view of the counterweight 4 just before the counterweight 4 is transferred to the curved rail 7. The cross-sectional shape of the car rail 9 and the structure of the roller guides 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d are shown in FIG. 6, which will be described later. Rollers 20a and 20b are attached to the center of the back surface of the counterweight 4, and when the counterweight 4 is lowered and the rollers 20a and 20b come into contact with the curved rail 7, the counterweight 4 leaves the car rail 9, and FIG. Start moving right inside. The roller guides 19a to 19d of the counterweight 4 are completely lifted from the rail 9 while the counterweight 4 is supported by the rollers 20a and 20b. When the counterweight 4 is further lowered and the lower left roller guide 19c is transferred to the roller support rail 29, the roller 20b is separated from the curved rail 7, and the counterweight 4 is supported by the roller 20a and the roller guide 19c. Keeping upright and descending.

  One curved rail 7 is provided at the center in the width direction of the counterweight 4, and a pair of roller support rails 29 are provided on the left and right corresponding to the roller guide of the counterweight 4.

  According to FIG. 4, the guides on the curved rail 7 are contact type rollers 20a, 20b, 19a to 19d, but if a non-contact type magnetic levitation type guide device is used instead of the rollers, Smooth transfer is possible and roller wear can be prevented.

  Further, the detailed structure of the car rail and the roller guide according to this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the car rail 9 and the car-side roller guides 21a, 21b, and 21c as viewed from above. The car rail 9 has a shape in which a U-shaped flange tip is slightly widened. The car-side roller guides 21a and 21b that guide the car in the longitudinal direction are in contact with the U-shaped inner surfaces 30a and 30b, respectively, and are pressed by a spring or the like (not shown). The car-side roller guide 21c perpendicular to these guides the left-right direction of the car, and is in contact with the inner surface 30c of the U-shape. As shown in the figure, the car-side roller guides 21a, 21b, and 21c are not in contact with the surfaces 31a and 31b with the U-shaped tips open.

  On the other hand, FIG. 6 shows a top view when the counterweight-side roller guides 19a and 19b are transferred to the curved rail 7. FIG. The roller guides 19a and 19b are installed to be inclined with respect to the horizontal axis in the figure, and two rollers (actually, this group is located on the top, bottom, left and right, so the total number of rollers is eight). And guide the movement in the perpendicular direction. Although not shown, in the region where the counterweight 4 is placed against the curved rail 7, the U-shaped tip of the car rail 9 does not have a bent portion on the left side and does not have the surface 31a shown in FIG. Therefore, when the counterweight 4 is about to move to the left, there is nothing that prevents the counterweight 4 from moving, including the roller guide 19b.

  Next, the mechanism of the counterweight pulley 10 that avoids interference between the rope 2 and the car 3 in one embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The counterweight pulley 10 is installed on the counterweight 4, and the bracket 23 that supports the pulley on the shaft can rotate around the fulcrum 22 with respect to the counterweight 4. Similarly, FIG. 8 shows a mechanism that enables the rope end side to be inclined. The rope 2 is wound around a wedge (not shown) in the socket 24 and connected to the rod 32. The rod 32 is connected to the lever 33 via the spring 25. The lever 33 is rotatable with respect to the base 28 about the fulcrum 27. Since the lever 33 and the building are fixed via the spring 26, the entire support portion of the rope can be inclined. The pulley-side inclined portion in FIG. 7 and the rope end inclined portion in FIG. 8 can be inclined so that the balance weight and the rope end have the shortest distance, so that the rope 2 and the car 3 do not always interfere with each other. The position of the curved rail 7 etc. is set.

  As described above, the elevator in the present embodiment reduces the counterweight rail and allows the counterweight to travel on the car rail so as to avoid interference between the car side and the counterweight side rope. The rail is provided on the side of the counterweight that is slightly balanced from the center of the cross section.

  In addition, by limiting the moving section of the counterweight to the upper half of the hoistway, the length of the rope on the counterweight side when the car is above the hoistway is minimized. In order to realize this, in the present embodiment, a moving pulley is provided only on the balance weight side, and the movement amount of the balance weight is ½ of the movement amount of the car. As a secondary effect, the speed of the counterweight is halved compared with the amount of movement of the car, so that vibration when the counterweight described later changes to the retraction rail can be reduced.

  In this configuration, the interference between the rope and the car only needs to be considered in the upper half of the hoistway, and can be realized by a simple mechanism capable of changing the angle of the pulley installed on the balance end and the rope end. The car passes the balance weight at a passing position of about 3/4 from the bottom of the hoistway height. In this vicinity, the balance weight leaves the car rail and transfers to the balance weight retraction rail.

  And according to this example, since the cross section of the hoistway can be reduced except for the vicinity of the height center of the hoistway, the entire hoistway volume can be reduced and the building volume can be effectively utilized. Can do. Further, since the counterweight travels on the car rail, it is not necessary to install the counterweight rail over the entire length of the hoistway, and only the retraction rail portion of 1/4 or less of the total height can be used. As a result, the time required for rail installation, assembly adjustment, and inspection can be greatly reduced.

  In addition, this invention is not limited only to the structure of each part demonstrated by the present Example. For example, in this embodiment, the moving amount of the car 3 is doubled with respect to the moving amount of the counterweight 4, so that the car 3 has a 1: 1 system and the counterweight 4 has a 2: 1 system roping. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and roping may be used in which the car 3 is an X: 1 system and the counterweight 4 is a 2X: 1 system.

  At this time, in the present embodiment, an example in which a mechanism capable of tilting the rope end side has been described, but it may be considered that a pulley for wrapping the rope in the hoistway above the counterweight 4 is necessary. It is done. In that case, a hoistway-side pulley having the same structure as the pulley-side inclined portion provided on the counterweight shown in FIG. 7 may be attached to the hoistway. In other words, the bracket supporting the hoistway side pulley may be mounted on the hoistway so that it can rotate around the fulcrum.

  However, if the car 3 is a 1: 1 system and the counterweight 4 is a 2: 1 system, the present invention can be implemented with the simplest roping, the rope can be shortened, and no hoistway pulley is required. Thus, the structure can be simplified.

  Further, the shape of the car rail 9, the relationship between the roller guides 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d and the car side roller guides 21a, 21b, 21 and the like, the retraction operation of the counterweight 4 to the retraction rail 16, and the like Also, the mechanism to perform is not limited to the ones raised in this embodiment.

  Further, in this embodiment, the example in which the hoisting machine 1 is used as a driving device for driving the counterweight 3 and the counterweight 4 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and is a hydraulic driving device or the like. It is also possible to implement the present invention.

  1 hoisting machine, 2 ropes, 3 car cages, 4 counterweights, 6a car side rope ends, 6b counter car side rope ends (building side), 7 curved rails, 8 straight rails, 9 car rails, 10 counterweight pulleys, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Deflection pulley, 13 Conventional hoistway, 16 Retraction rail, 17 Hoistway wall (upper half of hoistway), 18 Hoistway (projection part bottom face), 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d Roller guide, 20a, 20b Roller, 21a- 21c Car side roller guide, 22 fulcrum, 23 bracket, 24 socket, 25 spring (for rope tension adjustment), 26 spring, 27 fulcrum, 28 base, 29 roller support rail, 30a, 30b, 30c rail inner surface, 31a, 31b Rail inner surface (projection) 32 rod, 33 lever

Claims (7)

A car and a balance weight that move up and down in the hoistway, a rope that suspends the car and the balance weight, a drive device that drives the car and the balance weight, and a car rail that guides the car In an elevator with
The moving amount of the car is configured to be twice the moving amount of the counterweight,
An elevator characterized in that the counterweight is configured to travel a part of the car rail. In the elevator according to claim 1,
The elevator characterized in that the shape of the hoistway is a shape in which a central portion in the height direction of the hoistway protrudes in a horizontal direction from other parts. In the elevator according to claim 1,
The counterweight includes a pulley around which the rope is wound,
The elevator characterized in that the rotating shaft of the pulley is configured to be tiltable with respect to a horizontal axis. In the elevator according to claim 1,
An elevator having a building fixed end to which an end of the rope is fixed, and the building fixed end is configured to be inclined with respect to a horizontal axis. In the elevator according to claim 1,
The elevator characterized in that the car rail is arranged to be shifted to the counterweight side with respect to the car center position in the depth direction of the car. In the elevator according to claim 1,
Arranging a curved rail in a part of the hoistway,
A roller installed on the back surface of the counterweight and the rail are in contact with each other, and the counterweight is guided along the rail above the portion where the counterweight and the counterweight pass in the hoistway. An elevator characterized by being separated from the car rail. In the elevator according to claim 6,
The rail has a U-shaped cross-section, and has a bent portion that opens at both ends,
The elevator is characterized in that a portion where the counterweight in the height direction of the hoistway retreats to the rail from the state of traveling on the car rail above the car is provided with a bent portion on one side only. .