JP2015535131A - 燃料電池の加湿を管理する方法およびシステム - Google Patents
燃料電池の加湿を管理する方法およびシステム Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 239
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000145845 chattering Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
- H01M8/04141—Humidifying by water containing exhaust gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01B—BOILING; BOILING APPARATUS ; EVAPORATION; EVAPORATION APPARATUS
- B01B1/00—Boiling; Boiling apparatus for physical or chemical purposes ; Evaporation in general
- B01B1/005—Evaporation for physical or chemical purposes; Evaporation apparatus therefor, e.g. evaporation of liquids for gas phase reactions
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- H01M8/006—Flat
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04291—Arrangements for managing water in solid electrolyte fuel cell systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
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- H01M8/04358—Temperature; Ambient temperature of the coolant
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- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
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- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04634—Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance
- H01M8/04641—Other electric variables, e.g. resistance or impedance of the individual fuel cell
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Air Humidification (AREA)
Abstract
Description
110 燃料電池
120 空気供給部
130 加湿デバイス
140 燃料
150 電気回路
111 アノード
112 カソード
113 プロトン交換膜(PEM)
160 カソード出口ストリーム
170 カソード入口ストリーム
180 アノード出口ストリーム
190 熱交換器
210 温度閾値
300 フローチャート
S1〜S5 工程
400 電力システム
410 燃料電池
412 カソード
420 空気供給部
430 加湿デバイス
431 コンデンサー
432 ポンプ
433 ノズル
440 燃料
450 電気回路
460 カソード出口ストリーム
470 カソード入口ストリーム
490 熱交換器
500 電力システム
510 燃料電池
520 空気供給部
530 加湿デバイス
531 エンタルピーホイール
540 燃料
550 電気回路
560 カソード出口ストリーム
570 カソード入口ストリーム
590 熱交換器
600 電力システム
610 燃料電池
620 空気供給部
630 加湿デバイス
631 加湿器
632 バルブ
640 燃料
650 電気回路
660 カソード出口ストリーム
670 カソード入口ストリーム
690 熱交換器
700 電力システム
710 燃料電池
720 空気供給部
730 加湿デバイス
740 燃料
750 電気回路
780 制御器
790 熱交換器
Claims (21)
- 燃料電池電力システムの加湿を管理する方法であって、
燃料電池のカソード入口ストリームに空気を供給すること;
カソード入口ストリームの湿度に関連する燃料電池パラメーターを検出すること;および
燃料電池パラメーターに基づいて、活性な加湿モードまたは不活性な加湿モードのいずれかで燃料電池を選択的に作動させること
を含み、ここで活性な加湿モードは、カソード入口ストリームに水を添加することを含み、不活性な加湿モードは、カソード入口ストリームに水を添加しないことを含む、上記方法。 - 活性な加湿モードが、カソードの入口温度で評価した場合、約49%より大きいカソード入口ストリームの相対湿度が達成されるように、水の流量を高める、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 活性な加湿モードが、燃料電池のカソード出口ストリームから出る水を凝縮すること、凝縮した水を抽出すること、および抽出された水をノズルを介してカソード入口ストリームにポンプ輸送することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 燃料電池パラメーターが、燃料電池の温度、燃料電池の冷却剤の温度、燃料電池出口ストリームの温度、燃料電池の出力、燃料電池の負荷、カソード出口ストリームの湿度、周囲温度、および燃料電池の抵抗のうち少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 活性な加湿モードが、空気を膜加湿器を介して燃料電池に向かわせることを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 活性な加湿モードが、エンタルピーホイールを回転させることを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 不活性な加湿モードが、カソード入口ストリームに周囲空気を供給することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 不活性な加湿モードが、全ての空気を、膜加湿器を迂回させて燃料電池に直接向かわせることを含む、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 燃料電池が、活性な加湿モードのときに、不活性な加湿モードの場合より多くの出力電力を生成する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 燃料電池が、活性な加湿モードのときに、不活性な加湿モードのときより高温で作動する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 燃料電池の加湿を管理するシステムであって、
燃料電池に空気が供給されるように設計された空気供給管;
空気供給管に水のフローが供給されるように設計された加湿デバイス;および
燃料電池パラメーターを検出して、燃料電池パラメーターに基づいて加湿デバイスの活性化のみを行うか、または不活性化のみを行うように設計された制御器
を含む、上記システム。 - 燃料電池パラメーターが、燃料電池の温度、燃料電池の冷却剤の温度、燃料電池出口ストリームの温度、燃料電池の出力、燃料電池の負荷、カソード出口ストリームの湿度、周囲温度、および燃料電池の抵抗のうち少なくとも1つを含む、請求項11に記載のシステム。
- 加湿デバイスが、コンデンサー、ポンプ、およびノズルを含む、請求項11に記載のシステム。
- 加湿デバイスが、制御器によって活性化されたら、コンデンサーおよびポンプをオンにし、コンデンサーから凝縮水を流動させて、ノズルを介してカソード入口ストリームにポンプ輸送されるように設計されている、請求項13に記載のシステム。
- 加湿デバイスが、
膜加湿器;および
カソード入口ストリームを、膜加湿器を避けて燃料電池のカソードに直接向かわせて、膜加湿器を迂回するように設計されたバルブ
を含む、請求項11に記載のシステム。 - 加湿デバイスが、活性のときに回転し不活性のときに回転しないように設計されたエンタルピーホイールを含む、請求項11に記載のシステム。
- 加湿デバイスが不活性のときに、カソード入口ストリームは周囲空気を含む、請求項11に記載のシステム。
- 制御器が、加湿デバイスに関する少なくとも1つの閾値を計算して、該閾値に基づいて、加湿デバイスを活性化または不活性化させるように設計されている、請求項11に記載のシステム。
- 制御器が、活性な加湿モード及び不活性な加湿モード中に、60秒の期間内で燃料電池パラメーターを検出するように設計されている、請求項11に記載のシステム。
- 加湿を管理するシステムを有する燃料電池であって、
空気供給部;
カソード、アノード、および電解質を含む燃料電池;ならびに
少なくとも1つの燃料電池パラメーターおよび燃料電池パラメーターの閾値に基づき、活性な加湿モードと不活性な加湿モードとが切り替わるように設計された、2値制御によって作動する加湿デバイス
を含み、ここで加湿デバイスは、活性な加湿モードのときに、空気供給部によって生成されカソードに供給されるカソード入口ストリームを加湿するように設計されている、上記燃料電池。 - 燃料電池パラメーターが、燃料電池の温度、燃料電池の冷却剤の温度、燃料電池出口ストリームの温度、燃料電池の出力、燃料電池の負荷、カソード出口ストリームの湿度、周囲温度、および燃料電池の抵抗のうち少なくとも1つを含む、請求項19に記載のシステム。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201261721265P | 2012-11-01 | 2012-11-01 | |
US61/721,265 | 2012-11-01 | ||
PCT/US2013/062655 WO2014070351A1 (en) | 2012-11-01 | 2013-09-30 | Fuel cell humidification management method & system |
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JP2015535131A true JP2015535131A (ja) | 2015-12-07 |
JP6651358B2 JP6651358B2 (ja) | 2020-02-19 |
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EP (1) | EP2915209B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6651358B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102218816B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2888965A1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2727338T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014070351A1 (ja) |
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JP2020077494A (ja) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-21 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
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KR101558750B1 (ko) * | 2014-03-24 | 2015-10-08 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지의 출력 회복 시스템 및 방법 |
US9774046B2 (en) | 2015-07-17 | 2017-09-26 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Humidification system and method for a fuel cell |
DE102019205810A1 (de) * | 2019-04-24 | 2020-10-29 | Audi Ag | Befeuchter sowie Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung mit einem solchen |
DE102020208492A1 (de) * | 2020-07-07 | 2022-01-13 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Befeuchtungssystem für ein Brennstoffzellensystem |
DE102021112492A1 (de) | 2021-05-12 | 2022-11-17 | MTU Aero Engines AG | Luftbefeuchtungsvorrichtung, Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Luftbefeuchtungsvorrichtung und System, aufweisend zumindest eine Luftbefeuchtungsvorrichtung |
US20220407094A1 (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-12-22 | Hyster-Yale Group, Inc. | System and methods for determining a stack current request based on fuel cell operational conditions |
DE102022205532A1 (de) | 2022-05-31 | 2023-11-30 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Betriebsstrategie zum Betreiben eines Brennstoffzellensystems |
DE102022207460A1 (de) * | 2022-07-21 | 2024-02-01 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brennstoffzellensystems |
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US9385380B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 |
WO2014070351A1 (en) | 2014-05-08 |
ES2727338T3 (es) | 2019-10-15 |
JP6651358B2 (ja) | 2020-02-19 |
KR20150079901A (ko) | 2015-07-08 |
KR102218816B1 (ko) | 2021-02-24 |
CA2888965A1 (en) | 2014-05-08 |
EP2915209A1 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
EP2915209B1 (en) | 2019-03-20 |
US20140120436A1 (en) | 2014-05-01 |
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