JP2015534240A - リチウム二次電池用負極活物質、それを含むリチウム二次電池及び負極活物質の製造方法 - Google Patents
リチウム二次電池用負極活物質、それを含むリチウム二次電池及び負極活物質の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- OQMIRQSWHKCKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluoroethene;1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoroprop-1-ene Chemical group FC(F)=C.FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F OQMIRQSWHKCKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SJHAYVFVKRXMKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2-oxide Chemical compound CC1COS(=O)O1 SJHAYVFVKRXMKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- MYWGVEGHKGKUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.C=C.OC(O)=O MYWGVEGHKGKUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- SMBGWMJTOOLQHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead;sulfuric acid Chemical compound [Pb].OS(O)(=O)=O SMBGWMJTOOLQHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011302 mesophase pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011325 microbead Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011871 silicon-based negative electrode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
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- H01M4/362—Composites
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- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
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- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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Abstract
Description
本発明の一実施例によれば、前記SiOx‐CMC‐CNT複合体台炭素系物質は、重量比が5:95〜15:85であることを特徴とする。
本発明の一実施例によれば、前記SiOx(0<x≦1):CMC:CNTの重量比が98:1:1〜94:3:3であることを特徴とする。
本発明の一実施例によれば、前記SiOx‐CMC‐CNT複合体:炭素系物質の重量比が5:95〜15:85であることを特徴とする。
したがって、本発明では、正極、上述した負極、及び前記正極と前記負極との間に介在された分離膜を含むリチウム二次電池を提供することができる。
選択的に、本発明によって貯蔵される電解液は、通常の電解液に含まれる過充電防止剤などのような添加剤を更に含むことができる。
(段階1)負極活物質の製造
SiO 98gを溶媒としての水400gに入れて30分間十分混合した後、これに炭素ナノチューブ(CNT)1gとカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)1gとを添加し、1時間十分混合した。前記製造されたSiOとCNTとCMCとが混合された溶液を2Lの丸いフラスコに入れ、回転加熱器を用いて前記溶液から溶媒を除去することで溶媒が除去されたSiO‐CMC‐CNT複合体を製造した。前記溶媒が除去されたSiO‐CMC‐CNT複合体を130℃で10時間真空オーブンで乾燥させた後、モルタルで粉砕して95gのSiO‐CMC‐CNT複合体を製造した。
前記段階1で製造されたSiO‐CMC‐CNT複合体を含む負極活物質、導電材としてのデンカブラック(denka black、DB)、バインダーとしてのスチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)、及び増粘剤としてのカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)をそれぞれ96.8:1:1:1.2の重量比で混合し、これに水を添加してスラリーを製造した。前記製造されたスラリーを負極電流集電体としての銅ホイルに塗布し、これを約130℃で10時間真空乾燥させることで1.4875cm2の負極を製造した。
正極としては1.8cm2の金属リチウムホイルを使用し、前記負極と前記正極との間にポリエチレン分離膜を介在させて電極組立体を製造した。エチレンカーボネート(EC)とジエチレンカーボネート(DEC)とが1:2の体積比で混合された非水電解液溶媒に、1MのLiPF6を添加して非水電解液を製造した後、前記電極組立体に注入して前記製造された負極を利用したコイン型二次半電池を製造した。
SiO 96gに炭素ナノチューブ2g、CMC 2gを添加したことを除き、実施例1と同一の方法でSiO‐CMC‐CNT複合体を製造した後、実施例1と同一の方法でSiO‐CMC‐CNT複合体を負極活物質として利用したコイン型二次半電池を製造した。
SiO 94gに炭素ナノチューブ3g、CMC 3gを添加したことを除き、実施例1と同一の方法でSiO‐CMC‐CNT複合体を製造した後、実施例1と同一の方法でSiO‐CMC‐CNT複合体を負極活物質として利用したコイン型二次半電池を製造した。
負極活物質としてCNT及びCMCが結合されていないSiOを使用したことを除き、実施例1と同一の方法で二次電池を製造した。
<比較例2>
SiO 99gに炭素ナノチューブ1gを添加したことを除き、実施例1と同一の方法でSiO‐CNT複合体を製造した後、実施例1と同一の方法でSiO‐CNT複合体を負極活物質として利用したコイン型二次半電池を製造した。
SiO 99gにCMC 1gを添加したことを除き、実施例1と同一の方法でSiO‐CMC複合体を製造した後、実施例1と同一の方法でSiO‐CMC複合体を負極活物質として利用したコイン型の二次半電池を製造した。
SiO 99gに、炭素ナノチューブ0.5g、CMC 0.5gを添加したことを除き、実施例1と同一の方法でSiO‐CMC複合体を製造した後、実施例1と同一の方法でSiO‐CMC‐CNT複合体を負極活物質として利用したコイン型二次半電池を製造した。
SiO 92gに炭素ナノチューブ4g、CMC 4gを添加したことを除き、実施例1と同一の方法でSiO‐CMC複合体を製造した後、実施例1と同一の方法でSiO‐CMC‐CNT複合体を負極活物質として利用したコイン型二次半電池を製造した。
実施例3と同一の方法でSiO‐CMC‐CNT複合体を製造した後、負極活物質としてSiO‐CMC‐CNT複合体と黒鉛との比率を3:97の重量比で使用したことを除き、実施例1と同一の方法でコイン型二次半電池を製造した。
実施例3と同一の方法でSiO‐CMC‐CNT複合体を製造した後、負極活物質としてSiO‐CMC‐CNT複合体と黒鉛との比率を20:80の重量比で使用したことを除き、実施例1と同一の方法でコイン型二次半電池を製造した。
Claims (10)
- リチウム二次電池用負極活物質であって、
炭素ナノチューブがカルボキシメチルセルロースを介してSiOx(0<x≦1)に結合されているSiOx‐CMC‐CNT複合体と、
炭素系物質とを含んでなることを特徴とする、リチウム二次電池用負極活物質。 - 前記SiOx‐CMC‐CNT複合体において、SiOx(0<x≦1)と、CMCと、及びCNTとの重量比が98:1:1〜94:3:3であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質。
- 前記SiOx‐CMC‐CNT複合体と前記炭素系物質との重量比が5:95〜15:85であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質。
- 前記炭素系物質が、黒鉛、易黒鉛化性炭素、難黒鉛化性炭素、カーボンブラック、グラフェン及びグラフェン酸化物からなる群より選択される一種又は二種以上の混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質。
- リチウム二次電池用負極であって、
電流集電体と、及び前記電流集電体の少なくとも一面に形成され、負極活物質を含む負極活物質層とを備えてなり、
前記負極活物質が、請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質であることを特徴とする、リチウム二次電池用負極。 - リチウム二次電池であって、
正極と、負極と、及び前記正極と前記負極との間に介在された分離膜とを備えてなるものであり、
前記負極が、請求項5に記載のものであることを特徴とする、リチウム二次電池。 - リチウム二次電池用負極活物質を製造する方法であって、
炭素ナノチューブ及びカルボキシメチルセルロースを、SiOx(0<x≦1)の表面上で処理し、SiOx(0<x≦1)‐カルボキシメチルセルロース‐炭素ナノチューブ複合体を形成する段階と;及び、
前記形成されたSiOx‐CMC‐CNT複合体を炭素系物質と混合する段階と;を含んでなる、リチウム二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。 - 前記SiOx‐CMC‐CNT複合体を形成する段階が、
(S1)SiOx(0<x≦1)を溶媒に入れて混合する段階と;
(S2)前記SiOx混合溶媒にCNT及びCMCを添加して混合する段階と;及び
(S3)前記SiOx(0<x≦1)、CNT及びCMCが混合された溶媒を回転加熱して溶媒を除去し、SiOx‐CMC‐CNT複合体を製造する段階と;を含んでなることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。 - 前記SiOx(0<x≦1)と、前記CMCと、及び前記CNTとの重量比が、98:1:1〜94:3:3であることを特徴とする、請求項8に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記SiOx‐CMC‐CNT複合体と、及び前記炭素系物質との重量比が、5:95〜15:85であることを特徴とする、請求項7に記載のリチウム二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法。
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