JP2015502640A - 電気化学セルにおける自己放電の減少方法 - Google Patents
電気化学セルにおける自己放電の減少方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
下記の方法を使用してナノファイバーの直径を求めた。
2.目視検査によりそのナノウェブの平均的な外観を代表するように見える各写真上の3つの場所を選択した。
3.画像解析ソフトウェアを使用してそれら選択した領域から60〜180本の繊維の繊維径を測定し、平均を計算した。
所与の試料の赤外スペクトルを測定し、1375cm−1におけるイミドC−N吸光度と1500cm−1におけるp−置換C−H吸光度の比を計算した。この比をイミド化度(DOI)とみなした。
所与の試料の赤外スペクトルを測定し、1650cm−1近傍のアミドIカルボニル吸光度と1500cm−1近傍のp−置換芳香族C−H吸光度のピーク高さの比を計算した。PMDA/ODA系の100%アミック酸官能基を表す0.40の比を実験的に求めた。PMDA/ODAのアミック酸含量(AAC)は、AAC(%)=[(1650cm−1/1500cm−1)/0.40]×100%として計算された。この方法は、下記のように他のポリイミドの種類に適用することができる。まず、所望の化学的性質のイミド化されていないウェブについて1650cm−1近傍のアミドIカルボニル吸光度と1500cm−1近傍のp−置換芳香族C−H吸光度の高さの比を測定し、これは対照の比率(control ratio)(CR)を意味した。次に、イミド化された試料について1650cm−1近傍のアミドIカルボニル吸光度と1500cm−1近傍のp−置換芳香族C−H吸光度の高さの比を測定し、これは試料の比率(sample ratio)(SR)を意味した。最後に、式
AAC(%)=[(SR)/(CR)]×100%
を使用してAAC(%)を計算する。
ポリ(アミック酸)溶液(PAA)
33.99kgのPMDA(DuPont Mitsubishi Gas Ltd.)を、215.51kgのDMF(DuPont)に溶かした32.19kgの4,4 ODA(Wakayama Seika)および1.43kgのフタル酸無水物(Aldrich Chemical)と、100ガロン撹拌型ステンレス鋼製反応器中で混ぜ合わせた。まずDMFにODAを加え、次にPMDAを加え、最後にフタル酸無水物を加えることによって、室温で30時間撹拌しながらこれらを混合し、反応させてポリアミド酸を形成した。得られたポリアミド酸は、58ポアズの室温溶液粘度を有した。
ナノウェブを、米国特許出願公開第2005/0067732号明細書中に詳細に記載されているエレクトロブローイングによって上記で調製したポリ(アミック酸)溶液から調製した。
PAA溶液を、本明細書中で参照によりその全体が援用される米国特許出願公開第2005/0067732号明細書中に詳細に記載されている方法に従ってエレクトロブローニング紡糸した。溶液は、37℃の温度で紡糸ノズルから吐出される。次いでナノウェブを手で巻き戻し、手動回転刃カッターで切断して長さ約12インチ、幅約10インチのハンドタオルにした。次いでこのハンドタオルを室温においてBF Perkins calender上で硬鋼製ロールと綿巻ロールの間で1リニアインチ当たり1800ポンド(1リニアセンチメートル当たり32.2kg)でカレンダ加工した。
90℃において減圧下で一晩乾燥した構成部品からリチウムイオンコインセル(CR2032、Pred Materials International,NY,NY 10165)を、Arを充填したグローブボックス中で組み立てた。Cu箔アノード上に黒鉛炭素と、Al箔カソード上にLiCoO2とを含む電極をFarasis Energy Inc.,Hayward,CA 94545から得た。その電解質は、炭酸エチルメチルと炭酸エチレンの70:30の混合物に溶かした1モルのLiPF6を含んでいる(Novolyte Corp.,Independence,OH)。各セルにおいてセパレータ(直径3/4’’)が、アノード(直径5/8’’)とカソード(直径9/16’’)の間に置かれた。
Claims (11)
- 電気化学的セルのカソードとアノードの間に多孔質セパレータを挿入することによって前記セルの自己放電率および自己放電率の変動を減少させる方法であって、前記多孔質セパレータがナノウェブを含み、ナノウェブが複数本のナノファイバーをさらに含み、前記ナノファイバーが、PMDA/ODAから誘導されるモノマー単位を含む全芳香族ポリイミドから本質的になり、かつ前記全芳香族ポリイミドが0.51を超えるイミド化度(イミド化度は1375cm−1におけるイミドC−N吸光度と1500cm−1におけるC−H吸光度の高さの比である)を有する、方法。
- 前記イミド化度が0.53を超える、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記イミド化度が0.55を超える、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 6個の試料について測定される7日間の開回路自己放電容量%の標準偏差と平均自己放電容量%の比が0.125以下である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記電気化学的セルが、リチウム一次電池またはリチウムイオン二次電池である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記電気化学的セルがキャパシタである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 電気化学的セルのカソードとアノードの間に多孔質セパレータを挿入することによって前記セルの自己放電率および自己放電率の変動を減少させる方法であって、前記多孔質セパレータが複数本のナノファイバーを含むナノウェブを含み、前記ナノファイバーが全芳香族ポリイミドから本質的になり、かつ前記全芳香族ポリイミドが3.0%未満のアミック酸含量を有する、方法。
- 前記全芳香族ポリイミドが、ODA、RODA、PDA、TDI、MDI、BTDA、BMDA、BPDA、および上記の任意の組合せからなる群から選択される化合物から誘導されるモノマー単位を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記アミック酸含量が1.0%未満である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記アミック酸含量が0.1%未満である、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 7日間の開回路自己放電容量%の標準偏差と平均自己放電%の比が0.125以下である、請求項7に記載の方法。
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US13/299,884 US8679200B2 (en) | 2011-11-18 | 2011-11-18 | Method for reducing self discharge in an electrochemical cell |
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US13/477,470 US20130133166A1 (en) | 2011-11-18 | 2012-05-22 | Method for Reducing Self Discharge in an Electrochemical Cell |
US13/477,470 | 2012-05-22 | ||
PCT/US2012/065825 WO2013075089A1 (en) | 2011-11-18 | 2012-11-19 | A method for reducing self discharge in an electrochemical cell |
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JPWO2016181927A1 (ja) * | 2015-05-11 | 2018-03-01 | 日本電気株式会社 | リチウムイオン電池 |
JP2019133922A (ja) * | 2018-02-01 | 2019-08-08 | 東京応化工業株式会社 | 二次電池、及び二次電池用多孔質セパレータ |
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CN103995236B (zh) * | 2014-05-30 | 2017-07-28 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | 电池系统的容量损失测试方法及电池系统 |
KR101709696B1 (ko) | 2015-02-25 | 2017-02-23 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 리튬 이차 전지용 세퍼레이터 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차 전지 |
KR102080577B1 (ko) * | 2018-06-04 | 2020-02-24 | (주)씨오알엔 | 나노 섬유 분리막의 제조 방법 및 전해액용 첨가제의 제조 방법 |
CN116666115B (zh) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-09-22 | 南通江海电容器股份有限公司 | 一种基于n型导电聚合物的电解电容器及其制备工艺 |
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JP2008002011A (ja) * | 2006-06-22 | 2008-01-10 | Toyobo Co Ltd | ポリイミド不織布およびその製造方法 |
US20110143217A1 (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-06-16 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Electrochemical cell comprising a separator comprising a nanoweb consisting essentially of nanofibers of fully aromatic polyimide |
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JP2019133922A (ja) * | 2018-02-01 | 2019-08-08 | 東京応化工業株式会社 | 二次電池、及び二次電池用多孔質セパレータ |
JP7246182B2 (ja) | 2018-02-01 | 2023-03-27 | 東京応化工業株式会社 | 二次電池、及び二次電池用多孔質セパレータ |
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