JP2015224910A - Neck inspection device for shaft body with head - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a neck inspection device capable of inspecting quality of a neck of a shaft body with head, efficiently, in an assembly line.SOLUTION: A neck inspection device comprises: an endless carrier 2 formed by connecting a roller 4 thereto in a state that the roller 4 can rotate individually and is adjacent to the carrier; a sprocket wheel for bridging the carrier; a drive mechanism for making the carrier 2 travel; a rail for supporting a small diameter boss part 4b of a roller end; a shooter; a camera 11; and a determination device 13. A shaft body W with head which is supplied from the shooter is transported by being rotated by the carrier 2, in a state that the carrier 2 is inclined with respect to a vertical axis, and in the midway of the transport, the neck of the shaft body W is imaged by the camera 11.

Description

  The present invention provides a head-equipped shaft that can accurately detect the presence or absence of abnormalities at the neck of various shaft-equipped heads such as bolts, screws, nails, connecting pins, and rivets. The present invention relates to a body neck inspection device.

  When manufacturing the head of the shaft body with a head by forging with a header, if there is a defect in the header mold, the defect is transferred and a protrusion is formed at the neck of the head of the shaft. .

  Such defective products need to be eliminated, and the inspection for that purpose has been done manually.

  The inspection was performed by a method in which the operator visually inspects the neck while holding the product by hand and turning it around the axis.

  Various inspection apparatuses for selecting pass / fail of a shaft body with a head have been proposed. For example, the inventor of the present case is known as described in the following Patent Document 1, which is also named as an inventor. However, all of the inspection apparatuses proposed so far include bolts and screws. There is no one that inspects the torso, head, etc., but inspects the neck of the shaft with head.

JP 2005-337887 A

  The inspection apparatus described in Patent Document 1 does not inspect the neck of a shaft body with a head, but grips the head of an inspection target (a workpiece such as a bolt) with a chuck, and then lifts the inspection target. Rotate the workpiece at the raised position and inspect it.

  Because of such a structure, if the lifting amount of the inspection object is increased, the neck of the inspection object can be photographed and inspected obliquely from below at the lifted position. However, an efficient inspection cannot be expected with a method in which inspection is performed by lifting inspection objects one by one.

  Since it is necessary to go through the process of grabbing the object to be inspected, rotating it after ascending, and then returning it to release it, manual inspection is rather efficient.

  For these reasons, the quality of the neck of the shaft with head has been manually checked, but this method is not suitable for inspecting mass-produced bolts. The large amount of labor-dependent inspections is labor intensive and time consuming.

  This invention makes it a subject to provide the neck inspection apparatus which can perform the quality inspection of the neck of the shaft body with a head efficiently by flow work.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, in the present invention, a neck inspection apparatus for a shaft body with a head is configured as follows.

  That is, an endless carrier is configured by connecting a plurality of rollers having a small-diameter boss part concentric with the main body part at least on one end side of the main body part so as to be individually rotatable and close to each other.

  And, the carrier, a pair of sprocket wheels that span the carrier, a drive mechanism that drives the sprocket wheel to run the carrier, a rail that supports the small-diameter boss portion in the forward path of the carrier, Combining a shooter disposed on the start end side of the forward path, a camera that captures a shaft body with a head transported by the carrier, and a determination device that determines pass / fail of the shaft body with a head based on an image of the camera .

  Further, the carrier is inclined with respect to a vertical axis, and the shaft body with a head from the shooter is inserted into a groove between the rollers before and after the forward path of the carrier so that the head of the shaft body A part of the head is supported so as to be received and supported by the end surfaces of the front and rear rollers, and the small-diameter boss portion rolls on the rail as the carrier travels so that the roller rotates and is supported by the roller. The attached shaft body is transported while rotating, and the neck of the shaft body with the head is photographed by the camera in the middle of the transportation, and the rotational speed of the shaft body within the field of view of the camera becomes one rotation or more. I did it.

  In the neck inspection apparatus, it is preferable that the outer peripheral surface of the roller is subjected to anti-slip treatment such as knurling to increase the frictional force with the body portion of the shaft body with a head, or surface treatment or quenching to improve wear resistance.

  It is also preferable to provide a ring illumination that illuminates the neck of the head member with the head so that the neck is photographed through the ring of the ring illumination.

  The inclination angle of the carrier with respect to the vertical line can be arbitrarily set within a range where the stable support of the shaft body with the head by the carrier roller is not impaired.

  When the camera is horizontally disposed, the tilt angle is set to 30 °, for example, from a direction inclined by 60 ° with respect to the axis of the shaft body, and when the tilt angle is 45 °, from the direction inclined by 45 °, When the inclination angle is 60 °, the neck of the shaft body with the head can be photographed from the direction inclined by 30 °.

  Since the defect at the neck of the shaft body with a head is easier to discriminate when monitored from a direction inclined by 45 ° with respect to the shaft center of the shaft body, the inclination angle of about 45 ° is particularly suitable.

  To connect the front and rear rollers, a bearing is mounted on a support shaft protruding from both ends of the roller, and the support shaft and the roller are rotated by press-fitting the bearing into a link plate that connects the front and rear rollers on both ends of the roller. An endless chain similar in structure to a roller chain by connecting a roller link and a pin link is constructed, and the small diameter boss part is included on the outer periphery of the roller link of the endless chain via a bearing. It can be performed by using a structure in which the roller is rotatably attached.

  The small-diameter boss portion of the roller of the neck inspection device and the rail for rolling the small-diameter boss portion can be provided at both axial ends of the roller.

  In addition, a shutter that restricts the supply of the shaft with a head to the groove between the front and rear rollers of the carrier to one for each groove may be provided at the outlet of the shooter.

  Note that it is possible to restrict the supply of the shaft body with the head to the groove between the front and rear rollers to one even without the shutter. Details of this point will be described later.

  In the neck inspection apparatus according to the present invention, the carrier spanned between the pair of sprocket wheels is caused to travel, so that the small diameter portion of the roller rolls on the rail and the roller rotates in the forward path of the carrier.

  Therefore, the shaft body with the head to be inspected with the body portion inserted into the outer peripheral groove between the rollers before and after the forward path is conveyed while rotating. When the shaft passes in front of the camera in the middle of conveyance and is within the field of view of the camera, it rotates one or more times.

  Therefore, the entire circumference of the neck of the shaft is photographed by the camera, and the quality of the neck can be determined from the obtained image.

  This neck inspection apparatus can carry out inspections in a flow operation by continuously running a carrier, and can greatly increase the efficiency of inspection compared to inspection by a person.

It is the figure which looked at the outline | summary of an example of the neck inspection apparatus of the shaft body with a head of this invention in the A direction of FIG. It is the figure which looked at the neck test | inspection apparatus of FIG. 1 in the B direction of FIG. FIG. 2 is an end view of a carrier end side of the neck inspection apparatus in FIG. 1. It is a figure which expands and shows a part of FIG. It is a figure which shows the state which supplied the shaft body with a head to the groove | channel between the rollers of a carrier. It is a partially broken top view which shows an example of the connection state by the link plate of the roller of a carrier. It is an end elevation which shows an example of the support form by the rail of the roller of a carrier. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of a shaft with a head conveyed to a camera, ring illumination, and a carrier. It is a perspective view which shows the movement of the shaft with a head in the visual field of a camera, and the condition of rotation.

  DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a neck inspection apparatus for a shaft body with a head according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  An example of the head inspection apparatus 1 for a shaft with a head includes a carrier 2, sprocket wheels 7, 7, a drive mechanism 8, a rail 9, a shooter 10, a camera 11, a ring illumination 12, and a determination circuit 13a shown in FIG. And a determination device 13 including a monitor 13b.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the carrier 2 has support shafts 3 at both ends of the main body portion 4a, and further, a small diameter boss portion that is concentric with the main body portion 4a between the support shaft 3 and the main body portion 4a. The plurality of rollers 4 having 4b can be individually rotated by the link plate 5 and have an endless roller chain-like structure configured by being connected in close proximity.

  In the illustrated embodiment, the small-diameter boss portions 4b are provided at both ends of the main body portion 4a of the roller, but may be provided only at one end of the main body portion 4a.

  The front and rear rollers 4 and 4 are connected to each other by the link plate 5 by attaching bearings 6 to the protruding portions from both ends of the support shaft 3 (which may be formed integrally with the roller 4) fixed to the roller 4. The bearing 6 is supported by the link plate 5.

  Instead of the structure, the roller 4 including the small-diameter boss 4b is rotatably attached to the outer periphery of the roller of the roller link via a bearing, and the pin of the pin link can be relatively rotated in the roller hole of the roller link. Even in a structure in which the roller links and the pin links are alternately connected to each other, the front and rear rollers 4 and 4 can be connected to form an endless carrier.

  The carrier 2 is bridged between two sprocket wheels 7 and 7 that form a pair. The sprocket wheel 7 has teeth on the outer periphery that mesh with the small-diameter boss 4 b of the roller 4.

  One of the sprocket wheels 7 is driven and rotated by the drive mechanism 8 (the other is driven rotation), and the carrier 2 is caused to travel.

  The drive mechanism 8 shown in FIG. 2 includes a motor 8a and a power transmission element 8b (the timing belt and the timing pulley in the figure) for transmitting the motor 8a and the power of the motor to the sprocket wheel 7 on one side (the end side of the carrier in the figure), A combination of encoders 8c for position detection is illustrated.

  The rail 9 is disposed on the side of the forward path of the carrier 2 and supports the outer periphery of the small-diameter boss 4b of the roller in the forward path. As a result, when the carrier 2 travels, the small-diameter boss portion 4b rolls on the rail 9, so that each roller 4 rotates in the same direction during the movement of the carrier 2 during movement.

  The shooter 10 is disposed on the starting end side of the forward path of the carrier 2. From this shooter 10, the shaft body W with the head to be inspected is supplied to the outer peripheral groove between the rollers 4 and 4 before and after the starting end of the forward path of the carrier 2.

  The carrier 2 including the sprocket wheel 7 is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to a vertical axis. The neck inspection apparatus shown in the figure has an inclination angle α (see FIGS. 7 and 8) of 45 °. It is considered that the inclination angle α is suitably about 30 ° to 60 °, but any angle can be selected within a range in which stable support and stable conveyance of the shaft body W with the head are guaranteed.

  Although the rail 9 and the shooter 10 are also inclined at the same angle in the same direction as the carrier 2, it is not essential to incline them.

  The shaft body W with a head supplied from the shooter 10 enters a groove created in the outer periphery between the front and rear rollers in the forward path of the carrier 2. Further, a part of the head of the shaft body is received and supported by the end surfaces of the front and rear rollers 4 and 4, and in this state, transport by the carrier 2 is performed.

  As described above, the roller 4 on the forward path of the carrier rotates as the carrier 2 travels. For this purpose, the shaft body W with the head supported by the roller 4 rotates in the opposite direction to the roller 4 during conveyance.

  A camera 11 (CCD camera is used in the example neck inspection apparatus) is in the middle of the conveyance path, and photographs the shaft body W with a head conveyed by the carrier 2 at a fixed position. The camera 11 of the illustrated apparatus is arranged horizontally and can photograph the neck of the head body W with a head from a direction inclined by 45 ° with respect to the axis of the shaft body.

  The installation posture of the camera 11 does not have to be horizontal. For example, when the head body W with the head is transported at an angle of 30 ° with respect to the vertical line, or when the head body W is transported at an angle of 60 °, the neck of the head body W with the head is set to the axis by setting the posture of the camera. It is possible to shoot from a direction inclined by 45 ° with respect to the body axis.

  A ring illumination 12 is installed between the camera 11 and the carrier 2. The ring illumination 12 illuminates the neck of the shaft W with the head moved within the field of view of the camera 11. In the example neck inspection apparatus, photographing of the neck of the shaft by the camera 11 is ring illumination. It is made through the inside of the 12 rings.

  Although it is difficult for the ring illumination 12 to have uneven illumination, the illumination at the neck of the shaft body can be performed by a lighting device other than the ring illumination.

  The shooting range (camera field of view) of the camera 11 is set to be equal to or less than the pitch P between the rollers of the carrier 2, and the outer diameter of the roller 4 is set so that the head body shaft W rotates at least once within the shooting range. Has been.

  The peripheral speed of the main body 4a of the roller 4 is determined by the ratio of the outer diameter of the main body 4a and the outer diameter of the small-diameter boss 4b. By appropriately setting the peripheral speed of the main body 4a, it is possible to set the rotation speed of the shaft body W with the head within the photographing range of the camera 11 to 1 rotation or more.

  Depending on the setting of the outer diameter and the peripheral speed of the main body 4a of the roller 4, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, the head-attached shaft W can be rotated twice within the field of view Fv of the camera 11. In FIG. 9, if the mark M attached to the neck of the shaft body W with the head is a defective part at the neck, in this case, the defective part is photographed twice by the camera 11.

  An image photographed by the camera 11 is sent to the determination device 13 for processing, and quality determination is made based on the processed image.

  The head-attached shaft body W determined to be defective by the determination device 13 is removed to the NG product recovery unit 14 using, for example, a pusher (not shown), and the non-defective product is recovered to the good product recovery unit 15. .

  The illustrated neck inspection apparatus configured in this way can inspect the neck of the shaft body W with the head by running the carrier 2 continuously. Thereby, the efficiency of the inspection is dramatically improved compared to the inspection by a person.

  In addition, since the product determined to be defective can be paid out in the middle like the example neck inspection apparatus, the monitor 13b for displaying the determination result may be omitted.

  The neck inspection apparatus 1 for the shaft body with a head can perform an anti-slip process such as a knurling process for increasing the frictional force with the body of the shaft body with the head on the outer peripheral surface of the roller 4. Further, surface treatment and quenching for enhancing the wear resistance of the roller 4 can be performed.

  When the roller 4 subjected to the anti-slip treatment is used, the slip of the shaft body W with the head on the roller is suppressed, and the rotation speed of the shaft body W with the head within the field of view Fv of the camera 11 is set to the minimum. In this case, insufficient rotation is prevented and stable inspection is performed.

  In the illustrated neck inspection apparatus 1, when one headed shaft W is supplied from the shooter 10 onto the roller of the carrier 2, the headed shaft W supplied previously is supplied next. It is designed to prevent the shaft body with a head to enter the same groove.

  In addition to this, as a method for preventing a plurality of headed shafts W from being supplied to the same groove, a shutter 16 for opening and closing the supply path as shown in FIG. It is also conceivable to limit the supply amount of the shaft body to one.

  The shaft body W with a head to be inspected by the neck inspection apparatus of the present invention may be a bolt with a spring washer in which a spring washer is incorporated at the neck. Since the roller 4 supports the body portion of the shaft body W with the head, the shaft body W with the head is supported in parallel with the axis of the roller 4. For this reason, it is possible to inspect the spring washer mounting leakage of the bolt with the spring washer.

  The shaft body with a head referred to in the present invention includes a pin having a flange in the middle of the outer circumference of the shaft. Such a thing can also perform a pass / fail inspection of the end face of the heel (corresponding to the neck) with the heel regarded as the head.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Head inspection apparatus of shaft body with head 2 Carrier 3 Support shaft 4 Roller 4a Body 4b Small diameter boss 5 Link plate 6 Bearing 7 Sprocket wheel 8 Drive mechanism 8a Motor 8b Power transmission element 8c Encoder 9 Rail 10 Shooter 11 Camera Fv Camera field of view 12 Ring illumination 13 Judgment device 13a Judgment circuit 13b Monitor 14 NG product collection unit 15 Good product collection unit 16 Shutter W Shaft with head P Roller pitch M Mark

Claims (3)

At least one roller (4) concentric with the main body (4a) and having an integral small-diameter boss (4b) on one end side of the main body (4a) can be individually rotated and connected in close proximity. An endless carrier (2) configured as described above, a pair of sprocket wheels (7, 7) on which the carrier is bridged, and a drive mechanism (8) for rotating the sprocket wheel to run the carrier (2) And a rail (9) that supports the small-diameter boss portion (4b) in the forward path of the carrier (2), a shooter (10) disposed on the start end side of the forward path of the carrier (2), and the carrier (2) A camera (11) that captures the shaft body with head (W) and a determination device (13) that performs pass / fail determination of the shaft body with head based on an image of the camera,
The carrier (2) is inclined with respect to a vertical axis, and the shaft body (W) with a head is moved from the shooter (10) to the rollers (4) before and after the forward path of the carrier (2). , 4) is inserted into the outer peripheral groove so that a part of the head of the shaft is supported and supported by the end faces of the front and rear rollers (4, 4), and the small-diameter boss portion (4b) is a carrier. The roller (4) is rotated by rolling on the rail (9) by the traveling of the head, and the shaft (W) with a head supported by the roller is rotated and conveyed, and in the middle of the conveyance The neck of the shaft body (W) with the head is photographed by the camera (11), and the number of rotations of the shaft body (W) with the head within the field of view of the camera is 1 rotation or more. Neck inspection device for shaft body with head.   The outer peripheral surface of the roller (4) is subjected to at least one of an anti-slip treatment for increasing a frictional force with a body portion of the shaft body (W) with a head, a surface treatment for improving wear resistance, and quenching. The neck inspection apparatus of the shaft body with a head of 1.   A ring illumination (12) for illuminating the neck of the shaft (W) with the head is provided, and photographing of the neck of the shaft (W) with the head by the camera (11) is performed in the ring illumination (12). The neck inspection apparatus for a shaft body with a head according to claim 1, wherein the neck inspection apparatus is formed through the inside of the ring.

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