JP2015104715A - 排ガス浄化触媒及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
排ガス浄化触媒及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- zirconium
- exhaust gas
- barium
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002940 palladium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003283 rhodium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
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- UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;oxozirconium Chemical compound [Zr]=O.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O UJVRJBAUJYZFIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(dimethylsulfamoyl)-2-methylfuran-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CN(C)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C)O1 DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229940073455 tetraethylammonium hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 5
- LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC LRGJRHZIDJQFCL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
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- GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O GPNDARIEYHPYAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Rh+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VXNYVYJABGOSBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IVORCBKUUYGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethynyl-2,4-dimethoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C#C)C(OC)=C1 IVORCBKUUYGUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/101—Three-way catalysts
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明は、支持体上に単一の触媒層が形成されてなる排ガス浄化触媒であって、触媒層はアルミナ等の無機酸化物と、セリア‐ジルコニア複合酸化物とを混合してなる担体に、パラジウム及びロジウムが担持されたものであり、触媒層の表面におけるジルコニウム濃度とセリウム濃度との比(SZr/SCe)が、触媒層の支持体との界面におけるジルコニウム濃度とセリウム濃度との比(CZr/CCe)に対して1.05〜6.0倍である排ガス浄化触媒に関する。
【選択図】図1
Description
担体としては、アルミナ等の無機酸化物とともに、酸素貯蔵物質であるセリア-ジルコニア複合酸化物(CZ)を用いる。CZは、セリウム酸化物に対するジルコニウム酸化物の比率(ジルコニア/セリア)が質量比で95/5〜5/95であると好ましい。また、添加物としてイットリウム、ランタン、プラセオジム等の希土類元素の酸化物や、マグネシウム、カルシウム等のアルカリ土類元素の酸化物うち1種以上を含むものでもよい。CZの含有量は、触媒全体の質量に対し20〜80質量%が好ましい。
Claims (13)
- 支持体上に、単一の触媒層が形成されてなる排ガス浄化触媒であって、
前記触媒層は、アルミナ、セリア、ジルコニアの少なくともいずれかよりなる無機酸化物と、セリア‐ジルコニア複合酸化物とを混合してなる担体に、パラジウム及びロジウムが担持されたものであり、
更に、前記触媒層の表面におけるジルコニウム濃度(SZr)とセリウム濃度(SCe)との比(SZr/SCe)が、触媒層の支持体との界面におけるジルコニウム濃度(CZr)とセリウム濃度(CCe)との比(CZr/CCe)に対して1.05〜6.0である排ガス浄化触媒。 - 触媒層は、更に、バリウム化合物を含む請求項1記載の排ガス浄化触媒。
- バリウム化合物は、硫酸バリウム、炭酸バリウム、酸化バリウムのいずれかからなる請求項2に記載の排ガス浄化触媒。
- バリウム化合物は、粒径0.01μm以上2.0μm未満である請求項2又は請求項3記載の排ガス浄化触媒。
- 請求項1〜請求項4のいずれかに記載の排ガス浄化触媒の製造方法であって、
無機酸化物とセリア‐ジルコニア複合酸化物とを懸濁した担体スラリーに、パラジウム塩及びロジウム塩を添加して触媒層の前駆体となる混合スラリーを調整する工程と、
前記混合スラリーを支持体に塗布して、単層の触媒前駆体層を形成する工程と、を含み、
前記混合スラリーを調整する工程のパラジウム塩及びロジウム塩を添加する段階の担体スラリー内に、ジルコニウム化合物を含むものとする排ガス浄化触媒の製造方法。 - 混合スラリーを調整する工程のパラジウム塩及びロジウム塩を添加する段階の担体スラリー内に、不溶性バリウム化合物を更に含む請求項5記載の製造方法。
- 不溶性バリウム化合物は、硫酸バリウム又は炭酸バリウムである請求項6に記載の製造方法。
- 不溶性バリウム化合物の添加量は、触媒層中の全成分を酸化物として換算した質量に対する酸化バリウムとして換算した質量で1.0〜10質量%である請求項6又は請求項7に記載の製造方法。
- ジルコニウム化合物は、オキシ硝酸ジルコニウム、酢酸ジルコニウム、ジルコニアゾルのいずれか1種以上である請求項5〜請求項8のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- ジルコニウム化合物の添加量は、触媒層中の全成分を酸化物として換算した質量に対する酸化ジルコニウムとして換算した質量で0.5〜5.0質量%である請求項5〜請求項9のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 不溶性バリウム化合物を、セリア−ジルコニア複合酸化物及び無機酸化物と共に混合した後にスラリー化して担体スラリーを調整する請求項6〜請求項10のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- ジルコニウム化合物の添加は、セリア−ジルコニア複合酸化物及び無機酸化物を混合し、スラリー化して担体スラリーを調整後、パラジウム塩及びロジウム塩の添加前に行う請求項5〜請求項11のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
- 触媒前駆体層の形成工程後、支持体を400〜700℃で焼成して触媒層を形成する請求項5〜請求項12のいずれかに記載の製造方法。
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