JP2015104695A - 排ガス浄化用触媒 - Google Patents
排ガス浄化用触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015104695A JP2015104695A JP2013247876A JP2013247876A JP2015104695A JP 2015104695 A JP2015104695 A JP 2015104695A JP 2013247876 A JP2013247876 A JP 2013247876A JP 2013247876 A JP2013247876 A JP 2013247876A JP 2015104695 A JP2015104695 A JP 2015104695A
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 330
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 88
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 44
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 171
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 111
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 50
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 42
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 42
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001637 plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea;hydrate Chemical compound O.NC(N)=O WTHDKMILWLGDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 SiC Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9436—Ammonia
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
- B01D2255/1021—Platinum
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2255/20738—Iron
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- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20761—Copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D2255/50—Zeolites
- B01D2255/504—ZSM 5 zeolites
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- B01D2255/911—NH3-storage component incorporated in the catalyst
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- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
- F01N2510/068—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings
- F01N2510/0682—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings having a discontinuous, uneven or partially overlapping coating of catalytic material, e.g. higher amount of material upstream than downstream or vice versa
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- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
- F01N2510/068—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings
- F01N2510/0684—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings having more than one coating layer, e.g. multi-layered coatings
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Abstract
Description
(1)排ガスが流通するガス流路を形成する基材の表面に形成される、排ガス浄化用触媒であって、
基材の表面に形成された下触媒層と、下触媒層の表面であってガス流れ方向の上流側を被覆する前段上触媒層と、下触媒層の表面であって前段上触媒層よりもガス流れ方向の下流側を被覆する後段上触媒層とから構成されており、
前段上触媒層と後段上触媒層とが隣接して配置されており、
下触媒層はNOx還元触媒を含み、
前段上触媒層はNOx還元触媒を含み、後段上触媒層は酸化触媒を含む、上記排ガス浄化用触媒。
(2)前段上触媒層と下触媒層とが一体となっている、上記(1)に記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。
(3)下触媒層の長さに対する後段上触媒層の長さの比率が、20〜70%である、上記(1)又は(2)に記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。
(4)上触媒層と下触媒層の厚みの合計が、20〜70μmである、上記(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。
(5)酸化触媒が、多孔質体からなる担体にPt及びPdから選択される少なくとも1種の貴金属を担持させたものである、上記(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。
(6)NOx還元触媒が、多孔質体からなる担体にCu及びFeから選択される少なくとも1種を担持させたものである、上記(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。
Pt族含有触媒では図1に示すようにNH3酸化反応によりNH3を消失させることができるが、副生成物としてNOxが発生する。NH3の完全酸化(N2やH2Oへの転化)は難しく、NH3とNH3酸化反応で生成したNOxとをSCR反応で還元させることが好ましい。
1.下触媒層用のNOx還元触媒を含むスラリー(A)の製造
Cu担持したSAPO−34粉末を純水に分散させ、固形分量でSAPO−34の5〜10wt%のAlゾルをバインダーとして投入し撹拌した。その後、ミリングにより粒度を均一にした。
Cu担持したSAPO−34粉末を純水に分散させ、固形分量でSAPO−34の5〜10wt%のAlゾルをバインダーとして投入し撹拌した。その後、ミリングにより粒度を均一にした。
Ptを担持したAl2O3粉末を純水に分散させ、固形分量でPt/Al2O3粉末の3〜6wt%のAlゾルをバインダーとして投入し撹拌した。その後、ミリングにより粒度を均一にした。
基材全面にスラリー(A)をコートする。次にスラリー(B)を狙い長さになるように基材上流側からゾーンコートする。最後にスラリー(C)を基材下流側からゾーンコートする。
実施例1において、下触媒層2の長さに対する後段上触媒層4の長さを60%とし、下触媒層2の長さに対する前段上触媒層3の長さを40%とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして触媒を得た。
実施例1において、下触媒層2の長さに対する後段上触媒層4の長さを25%とし、下触媒層2の長さに対する前段上触媒層3の長さを75%とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして触媒を得た。
スラリー(B)を後段上触媒層に用い、スラリー(C)を前段上触媒層に用い、下触媒層の長さに対する後段上触媒層の長さを60%とし、下触媒層の長さに対する前段上触媒層の長さを40%とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして触媒を得た。
温度制御:500〜100℃、20℃/分で降温
2 下触媒層
3 前段上触媒層
4 後段上触媒層
5 ガス通路
10 触媒層
11 隔壁
Claims (6)
- 排ガスが流通するガス流路を形成する基材の表面に形成される、排ガス浄化用触媒であって、
基材の表面に形成された下触媒層と、下触媒層の表面であってガス流れ方向の上流側を被覆する前段上触媒層と、下触媒層の表面であって前段上触媒層よりもガス流れ方向の下流側を被覆する後段上触媒層とから構成されており、
前段上触媒層と後段上触媒層とが隣接して配置されており、
下触媒層はNOx還元触媒を含み、
前段上触媒層はNOx還元触媒を含み、後段上触媒層は酸化触媒を含む、上記排ガス浄化用触媒。 - 前段上触媒層と下触媒層とが一体となっている、請求項1に記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。
- 下触媒層の長さに対する後段上触媒層の長さの比率が、20〜70%である、請求項1又は2に記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。
- 上触媒層と下触媒層の厚みの合計が、20〜70μmである、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。
- 酸化触媒が、多孔質体からなる担体にPt及びPdから選択される少なくとも1種の貴金属を担持させたものである、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。
- NOx還元触媒が、多孔質体からなる担体にCu及びFeから選択される少なくとも1種を担持させたものである、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の排ガス浄化用触媒。
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JP2018527161A (ja) * | 2015-06-18 | 2018-09-20 | ジョンソン、マッセイ、パブリック、リミテッド、カンパニーJohnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Scの前にscr触媒を備えるシステム内でdocとして作用するascを有する、docを伴わない排気システム |
EP3737130A1 (en) | 2015-05-22 | 2020-11-11 | NTT DoCoMo, Inc. | User equipment |
WO2024150563A1 (ja) * | 2023-01-13 | 2024-07-18 | 株式会社キャタラー | 排ガス浄化用触媒 |
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