JP2015093977A - Method of forming friction-reducing coat, formation agent and method of treating water-containing particle/muddy matter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a friction-reducing coat formation agent which can reduce friction of water-containing particles/muddy matter coming in contact with the container wall effectively with a reduced amount of agents, in a sludge treatment of water treatment sludge and other sludges, and a method of treating treatable water-containing particles/muddy matter by preventing adhesion and clogging of water-containing granules to the container wall in treating the water-containing particles/muddy matter, e.g. storage or carrying, by using the friction-reducing agent.SOLUTION: Film formation coats 11 and 12 of water-soluble polymer are formed on a container wall 2 of e.g. a hopper 1 or a loading space 2 of a dump truck 3 by using a friction-reducing film formation agent comprising a powder water-soluble polymer, a powder acid, powder carbonate/bicarbonate and a powder neutral salt to reduce friction with water-containing particles/muddy matter 4 and 5. The water-containing particles/muddy matter 4 and 5, e.g. a sludge dehydrated cake, is supplied from a cake storage tank 6, and a storage or carrying treatment is carried out. The friction-reducing film formation agent comprises 10-90 wt.% of the powder water-soluble polymer, 10-20 wt.% of the powder acid, 1-30 wt.% of the powder carbonate/bicarbonate and 1-70 wt.% of the powder neutral salt.

Description

  The present invention refers to sludge, mud, soil, and other water-containing grains / mud that come into contact with the vessel wall (in the present invention, “grain / mud” means “particulate and / or mud”). ), A forming agent, a forming agent, a method for reducing friction of the water-containing particles / mud using the friction-reducing coating, and water-containing particles / mud for processing such as storage and transportation. The present invention relates to a method for processing a shaped object.

  Industrial waste water treatment sludge and other sludge are generated 400 million tons per year. The remaining years of landfills for landfill disposal are tight, and there is an urgent need to reduce them. In addition, waste disposal costs are very heavy for sludge dischargers, and various cost reduction measures have been taken. Generally, sludge is reduced in volume by dehydration. Sludge is thrown into a mechanical dehydrator and separated into solid and liquid, so that the dehydrated filtrate is reused as water, and the dehydrated cake is reused as cement raw materials, incinerated, or landfilled.

  There are various types of dehydrators, but in order to transport the dewatered cake discharged by truck, the dehydrated cake is often stored once in a cake storage tank, and from there, the cake is placed on the truck bed using a hopper. The drop method is the mainstream. Many dehydrated cakes have a moisture content of 75-90% for organic sludge and 30-70% for inorganic sludge, but they adhere to the hopper when sliding the hopper and dropping it onto a truck. There are many. This not only clogs the hopper and reduces workability, but also increases the frequency of cleaning. Also, after transporting to a predetermined place with a dump truck, the loading platform is lifted and sludge is dropped, but at this time, sludge may stick to the loading platform of the truck, increasing the length of unloading work and the frequency of cleaning the loading platform. This leads to a decrease in workability such as an increase.

  FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing a conventional sludge treatment method, wherein 1 is a hopper, 2 is a loading platform of a dump truck 3, and is in contact with treated particles / mud (sludge dewatered cake) 4 and 5, respectively. Constructs a vessel wall. The hopper 1 conveys the particles / mud 4 to be processed from the cake storage tank 6, and is stacked on the loading platform 2 of the dump truck 3 and stored as particles / mud 5 to be processed. Thereafter, the dump truck 3 moves to a landfill or the like, tilts the loading platform 2, and discharges and processes the stacked particles / mud 5 to be processed. Although the hopper 1 is provided with an inclination, conventionally, the water-containing particles / mud 4 to be treated such as sludge dewatering cake is often adhered and blocked. In addition, the hydrated particles / mud material 5 also adhered to the loading platform 2 of the dump truck 3, which resulted in a decrease in workability.

  Such a problem occurs not only in the dehydrated cake but also in the conveyance of sludge in which the treated water-containing grains / mud is not dehydrated. Inorganic sludge such as construction sludge and steel mill steel slurries, mixed with organic sludge, solidified treated soil obtained by solidifying these sludge with cement, construction residual soil, other soil, snow, other hydrous particles / Mud is also transported by a dump truck and reused or disposed of, but similar problems occur.

  In Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-306675), a dump truck bed is covered with a molded product (sheet) made of plastic such as high-density polyethylene or ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene, so that luggage such as customer land, residual soil, snow, etc. Is shown to have a smooth movement function. However, it is difficult to mount or remove a molded body such as a plastic sheet on the loading platform, and if it is damaged by friction, the friction reducing function is lowered.

  In Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-52786), an aqueous dispersion of a water-absorbing resin (superabsorbent hydrogel) composed of a partially hydrolyzed starch acrylonitrile graft polymer or the like is added to a mineral substance, an organic paste, if necessary. It has been shown that an aqueous suspension containing a surfactant and oils is used as a lubricant for the shield propulsion method. However, this anti-friction agent is a method of dispersing the water-absorbing resin throughout in order to reduce the friction of the entire dispersion, and is different from the method of reducing the friction on the surface of the vessel wall of Patent Document 1. The water-absorbing resin is gel-like and not water-soluble, and is dispersed in the liquid. When completely absorbed, the resin surface is in a viscous state, but its adhesion to the vessel wall is small and is pushed by sludge and the like. Rolled away and contributes to friction reduction of earth and sand and concrete propulsion pipes by bearing effect. However, when applied to a cake hopper or dump truck as in this application, the individual particles are independent, so even if they adhere to the vessel wall, they are swept away by the water-containing particles / mud and the friction reducing effect does not last. On the other hand, under the condition that the viscosity should be exhibited only with the free water of cake or sludge, the water content is reduced by absorbing the free water and the sufficient bearing effect is not exhibited. If the spray rate is decreased to increase the water absorption ratio of the resin unit, the sludge surface cannot be sufficiently covered, and the bearing effect becomes insufficient.

  In Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-38139), as a lubricant used for reducing the frictional resistance between the laying pipe and the ground in the propulsion method, polyacrylic acid sodium, polyacrylic acid amide, carboxymethylcellulose, sodium alginate It is shown that a composition of a water-soluble synthetic resin such as aluminum sulfate and aluminum sulfate is used. However, this method is also a method in which the composition of the water-soluble synthetic resin and aluminum sulfate is dispersed throughout in order to reduce the friction of the entire lubricant, and is different from the method of reducing the friction on the vessel wall surface of Patent Document 1. . In addition, if such a lubricant is applied to the cake hopper or truck bed, the viscosity of the gel is too high, so the gel adheres to the bed and the subsequent cleaning becomes complicated, and corrosion of the equipment due to aluminum sulfate becomes a problem. Become.

  In Patent Document 4 (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-50703), a powdered water-soluble polymer, a powdered acid, and a powdered carbonic acid / bicarbonate are blended, preferably a neutral salt such as sodium sulfate is blended to improve water solubility. Improved polymeric polymer compositions have been proposed. When the water-soluble polymer powder used as an aggregating agent, dehydrating agent, dispersing agent, soil conditioner, etc. is dissolved in water, the polymer polymer aggregates to form a polymer composition. Has been shown to be a composition with other ingredients to prevent the formation of and improve its water solubility. However, Patent Document 4 does not show the use of the above composition for forming a friction-reducing coating, and for reducing friction and treating water-containing particles / mud.

JP2004-306673 A Shoko 62-52786 JP 2002-38139 A Japanese Patent Publication No.59-50703

  An object of the present invention is to effectively reduce the friction of sludge, mud, soil, and other water-containing particles / mud in contact with the vessel wall with a small amount of drug in order to solve the above conventional problems. A method for forming a friction-reducing coating, a friction-reducing coating-forming agent, a method for reducing friction of water-containing particles / mud that effectively reduces friction by the friction-reducing coating, and storage of the water-containing particles / mud It is intended to provide a method for treating hydrous particles / mud that can be efficiently treated by preventing adhesion and blockage of hydrous particulates to the vessel wall when carrying out processing such as transportation.

The present invention provides the following friction-reducing film-forming method, friction-reducing film-forming agent, and water-containing / mud-like friction reducing method and processing method.
(1) A friction-reducing film-forming agent containing a powder water-soluble polymer is supplied to the vessel wall in contact with the water-containing particles / mud, and the powdered water-soluble polymer swollen in the presence of water is attached to the vessel wall. And forming a film of a water-soluble polymer.
(2) A friction-reducing film-forming agent is supplied to the vessel wall in a layered form with the powder water-soluble polymer dispersed, and the swollen powdered water-soluble polymer is attached to the vessel wall in a layered manner. The method according to (1) above, wherein the film is formed.
(3) Supply water or water-containing particles / mud after supplying the friction-reducing film-forming agent, or form a water-soluble polymer film by supplying the friction-reducing agent to the vessel wall when wet. The method according to (1) or (2) above.
(4) The method according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the powder water-soluble polymer is one or more powders selected from a synthetic water-soluble polymer, a natural polymer, and a semi-synthetic water-soluble polymer. .
(5) A friction-reducing film forming agent for reducing the friction of water-containing particles / mud,
A friction-reducing film-forming agent comprising a powder formulation comprising a powder water-soluble polymer, a powder acid, and a powdered carbonate / bicarbonate.
(6) The friction-reducing film forming agent according to the above (5), comprising 10 to 90% by weight of powdered water-soluble polymer, 1 to 20% by weight of powdered acid, and 1 to 30% by weight of powdered carbonic acid / bicarbonate.
(7) The friction-reducing film forming agent according to the above (5) or (6), wherein the powder blend contains a powder neutral salt.
(8) The above (7) comprising 10 to 90% by weight of powdered water-soluble polymer, 1 to 20% by weight of powdered acid, 1 to 30% by weight of powdered carbonic acid / bicarbonate, and 1 to 70% by weight of powdered neutral salt The friction reducing film forming agent as described.
(9) The method according to any one of (1) to (4) above, wherein the friction reducing film forming agent according to any one of (5) to (8) is used as the friction reducing film forming agent.
(10) The hydrous particles / mud are brought into contact with the vessel wall on which the friction-reducing coating is formed by the method according to any one of (1) to (4) and (9) above. A method for reducing the friction of water-containing particles / muddy matter, characterized in that the friction of the water is reduced.
(11) Treatment including storage or transportation by bringing hydrous particles / mud into contact with the vessel wall on which the friction-reducing coating is formed by the method according to any one of (1) to (4) and (9) above A method for treating hydrous particles / muddy matter, characterized in that
(12) The method according to any one of (1) to (4) and (9) to (11) above, wherein the hydrous particles / mud is sludge, solidified soil, mud, soil, or snow.

  The friction-reducing coating of the present invention is a friction-reducing coating for reducing the friction of sludge, mud, soil, and other water-containing particles / mud that come into contact with the vessel wall. It is a friction-reducing coating for reducing the friction between the water-containing grains / mud and the vessel wall when being processed in contact with the water. This coating is a coating formed to reduce the friction with the container wall when it is brought into contact with a container wall such as a hopper or a truck bed, and is made of the plastic used in Patent Document 1. In order to replace the molded article with a drug, a friction-reducing film-forming agent containing a powder water-soluble polymer is supplied to form a water-soluble polymer hydrated film, thereby reducing the resistance of the vessel wall surface.

  In this case, when a friction-reducing film forming agent is sprayed in advance on the vessel wall to be treated by contact with the water-containing particles / muddy matter and brought into contact with water, the powdered water-soluble polymer absorbs water and swells to become sticky. Adheres to the vessel wall. In general, when a powder water-soluble polymer comes into contact with water and absorbs water, it swells to become a hydrophilic jelly and exhibits adhesion to a solid surface. At this time, when it comes into contact with water in a state where a large number of powdered water-soluble polymer particles are gathered, mamako (fisheye) is formed, but it prevents the formation of mamako and absorbs and swells in a state where powdered water-soluble polymer particles are dispersed. Then, the swollen particles are uniformly dispersed and adhere to the vessel wall, and a swollen water-soluble polymer film is formed. For this purpose, a friction-reducing film-forming agent is supplied to the vessel wall in a layered state in which the powdered water-soluble polymer is dispersed, and the swollen powdered water-soluble polymer is adhered to the vessel wall in a layered manner to coat the water-soluble polymer Is preferable because a uniform film is formed. When such a coating uniformly adheres to the vessel wall, the adhesion is strong and does not peel off due to sludge or the like. And since the water-soluble polymer elutes gradually from the part of the coating that comes into contact with the water-containing particles / mud, the surface of the film is mucous and slimy, and the friction between the water-containing particles / mud is reduced. To do.

  In the present invention, the composition disclosed in Patent Document 3 is basically rubbed in order to prevent the formation of mamaco and to form a uniform film by adhering powder water-soluble polymer particles to the vessel wall in a dispersed state. It can be used as a reducing agent. In Patent Document 3, when a powder water-soluble polymer used as a flocculant, a dehydrating agent, a dispersing agent, a soil conditioner, etc. is dissolved in water, the polymer powder is prevented from gathering and forming Mako. In order to increase the speed, the composition is employed. However, in the present invention, it is only necessary to prevent the formation of mamako and form a uniform film, so there is no need to increase the dissolution speed. Rather, since the water-soluble polymer that swells and adheres to the vessel wall is gradually dissolved, the durability of the friction reduction becomes higher. Therefore, a composition corresponding to such an object and effect can be employed.

  The powder water-soluble polymer constituting the friction-reducing film forming agent of the present invention is a polymer having a hydrophilic group and forming a uniform solution at an arbitrary concentration within the solubility. This powder water-soluble polymer passes through the sieve when the prepared aqueous solution is filtered through a 60-mesh metal sieve in the following measurement of the insoluble matter. The residue remaining on the sieve is less than 10% by weight, preferably less than 5% by weight. The superabsorbent hydrogel of Patent Document 2 is also referred to as a water-absorbent resin, and belongs to a polymer having a hydrophilic group. However, it becomes a gel or a lump by cross-linking or the like, and is hydrophilic but not water-soluble. It is a polymer that does not form.

  As a water-soluble polymer powder, when it absorbs water, it swells to become a hydrophilic, adhesive jelly, adheres to the solid surface, forms a film, and then gradually dissolves from the surface, leaving the film for a long time. What can be maintained is preferred. As such a powder water-soluble polymer, a powder water-soluble polymer conventionally used as a flocculant, a sludge dehydrating agent, a dispersing agent, a soil conditioner and the like can be used. Among these, in consideration of water solubility, adhesiveness, toxicity, etc., a powder water-soluble polymer suitable for the treatment target can be selected and used.

  Examples of the powder water-soluble polymer that can be used include one or more powders selected from synthetic water-soluble polymers, natural polymers, and semi-synthetic water-soluble polymers. Examples of synthetic water-soluble polymers include polymers such as sodium poly (meth) acrylate, poly (meth) acrylamide, a copolymer of sodium (meth) acrylate and (meth) acrylate acrylamide (the present invention "(Meth) acryl" means "acryl" or "methacryl"), polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl methyl ether, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and the like. Examples of natural polymers include starch, mannan, guar gum, xanthan gum, sodium alginate and the like. Examples of the semi-synthetic water-soluble polymer include viscose, methyl cellulose, cationized cellulose, pregelatinized starch, carboxyl starch, cationized guar gum and anionized guar gum. Other similar compounds can be used.

Basically, a linear polymer having a hydrophilic group is frequently used as the water-soluble polymer. However, a branched polymer or a polymer having a mild cross-linkage that forms an aqueous solution can be used. The weight average molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer varies depending on the type and structure of the polymer, but generally 5 to 30 million, preferably 9 to 20 million are suitable for use. The intrinsic viscosity (measured at 30 ° C., 1N—NaNO ₃ ) of such a water-soluble polymer varies depending on the type and structure of the polymer, but is generally 10 to 30 dL / g, preferably 14 to 25 dL / g. Is suitable for use. The weight average molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer can be calculated from the intrinsic viscosity using a published relational expression.

In order for the swollen polymer particles to adhere to the vessel wall and be gradually soluble, those having a hydrophilic group, a large molecular weight, and a high intrinsic viscosity are preferred. For this purpose, the use of a synthetic water-soluble polymer is preferable because it is easy to select a monomer and adjust the degree of polymerization, and in particular, a (meth) acrylic synthetic water-soluble polymer such as a polyacrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer. In the case of a compound, since the thing of the said weight average molecular weight and intrinsic viscosity is obtained, it is preferable.
The particle diameter of the powdered water-soluble polymer (in the present invention, “particle diameter” means “weight average particle diameter”) varies depending on the object to be treated, but is generally 0.15 to 1.7 mm, Preferably it can be set to 0.5-1.5 mm. Unlike Patent Document 3, high-speed solubility is not required, but rather slow solubility is required, so that a large particle size suitable for uniform dispersibility can be used.

  Powder acid which is a component of the powder blend constituting the friction reducing film forming agent of the present invention, and powder carbonic acid / bicarbonate (in the present invention, “carbonic acid / bicarbonate” means “carbonate and / or bicarbonate”) ) Means a dispersant, a diluent or a spacing agent that disperses the powder water-soluble polymer so that they do not come into contact with each other in the state of the powder formulation, and in the state of being dissolved in water, Carbon dioxide gas fine bubbles are generated by an alkali neutralization reaction, and those having a function of preventing the water-absorbed powder water-soluble polymers from adhering to each other to form mamako are selected.

  As the powdered acid having the above functions, a powdered organic acid is preferable, and examples thereof include sulfamic acid, boric acid, maleic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid and the like. One or more powdered acids selected from these can be used. As the powder carbonic acid / bicarbonate, metal salts such as sodium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salt of carbonic acid or bicarbonate can be used. The particle size of the powdered acid and the powdered carbonic acid / bicarbonate varies depending on the object to be treated, but is generally 50 to 1000 μm, preferably 50 to 500 μm.

  The powder neutral salt, which is a component of the powder blend constituting the friction-reducing film forming agent of the present invention, is also dispersed, diluted, and spaced so that the powder water-soluble polymer does not come into contact with each other in the powder blend state. When acting in the form of a retentive agent and dissolved in water, a high-concentration salt solution intervenes between the powdered water-soluble polymers and has the function of preventing the water-absorbed polymers from sticking to each other and forming mamako. . Such powder neutral salts include powders of alkali metal sulfates, nitrates, chlorides and the like. The particle size of the powder neutral salt varies depending on the object to be treated, but is generally 50 to 1500 μm, preferably 100 to 1000 μm.

  The blending ratio of the powder water-soluble polymer, the powder acid, the powdered carbonic acid / bicarbonate and the neutral salt in the powder blend constituting the friction reducing film forming agent of the present invention is the kind, structure, characteristics, etc. of each drug. Basically, when the powder blend is supplied to the vessel wall, the powdered water-soluble polymer is dispersed between the powdered water-soluble polymer and the powder wall so that the powder water-soluble polymer is finely and uniformly dispersed on the vessel wall. The amount of powder carbonic acid / bicarbonate and neutral salt intervenes, and the powdered acid and powdered carbonic acid / bicarbonate are fine bubbles of carbon dioxide gas due to neutralization reaction between acid and alkali when dissolved in water. The amount of water-soluble polymer that absorbs water and prevents water from adhering to each other to form Mamako, and the neutral salt of the powder is a high-concentration salt solution when dissolved in water. Interspersed between powdered water-soluble polymer and water absorption Polymeric each other is an amount that serves the function of preventing the formation of undissolved lumps with Ku.

  As such amounts, the mixing ratio of the powder water-soluble polymer, the powder acid, and the powder carbonic acid / bicarbonate is 10 to 90% by weight of the powder water-soluble polymer, 1 to 20% by weight of the powdered acid, and Bicarbonate is 1 to 30% by weight, preferably 40 to 80% by weight of powdered water-soluble polymer, 1 to 15% by weight of powdered acid, and 5 to 20% by weight of powdered carbonate / bicarbonate. The blending ratio of the powder neutral salt is basically 0 to 70% by weight, but the blending ratio of the powder water-soluble polymer, powdered acid, powdered carbonic acid / bicarbonate, and powdered neutral salt is: 10 to 90% by weight of powdered water-soluble polymer, 1 to 20% by weight of powdered acid, 1 to 30% by weight of powdered carbonic acid / bicarbonate, and 1 to 70% by weight of powdered neutral salt. It can be 40-80% by weight molecule, 1-15% by weight powdered acid, 5-20% by weight powdered carbonate / bicarbonate, and 10-70% by weight powdered neutral salt.

  The friction-reducing film-forming agent of the present invention is used to form a friction-reducing film on the vessel wall and reduce the friction of sludge, mud, soil, and other hydrous particles / mud that come into contact therewith. In this case, the friction reducing coating of the present invention is used in a processing method for performing processing such as storage and transportation of the hydrated particles / mud. In such a method for treating hydrous particles / mud according to the present invention, the friction-reducing film forming agent of the present invention is supplied to the vessel wall in contact with the hydrous particles / mud to form a film, and then the hydrous particles / mud is formed. A process including storage or conveyance is performed by bringing the object into contact with the vessel wall. In this case, a friction-reducing film forming agent is supplied to the vessel wall in contact with the water-containing particles / mud, and after forming a water-soluble polymer friction-reducing coating on the vessel wall in a wet state, the water-containing particles / It is preferable to perform processing including storage or conveyance by bringing the mud into contact.

  In the propulsion method shown in Patent Document 3, the lubricant used for reducing the frictional resistance between the laying pipe and the ground is added to the entire fluid such as mud fluid to be fluidized, so a large amount of chemical must be injected. However, in the present invention, when a friction-reducing film forming agent is supplied to the vessel wall in contact with the water-containing granular material, a water-soluble polymer friction-reducing coating can be formed on the vessel wall, and the amount of drug used is small. In particular, when a friction-reducing film-forming agent is supplied to form a water-soluble polymer friction-reducing film on the vessel wall in the wet state, a uniform film is formed and the film adheres firmly to the vessel wall. It becomes difficult to peel off. On the other hand, the portion that comes into contact with water is mucous and slimy because of a very small amount of elution, and friction is reduced. Since the friction decreases even if the amount of elution is small, it is preferable to use a slowly soluble polymer since the effect of decreasing the friction is prolonged.

  As described above, when a powder water-soluble polymer is added to water, generally, the polymer powder aggregates and Mamako (fisheye) is generated, so that a uniform film cannot be formed. When the molecules are brought into contact with water in a dispersed state of fine particles, the fine particles absorb water and become fine jelly-like particles, and the surface adheres to the vessel wall due to adhesiveness to form a film. Since this coating film has reduced frictional properties, adhesion and blockage of water-containing granular materials in contact therewith are prevented. Thus, the friction reducing agent of the present invention reduces the friction by forming a film on the surface of the vessel wall. Unlike the one that increases the dissolution rate of Patent Document 4, the friction reducing agent uniformly disperses and forms a uniform film. Use formulations that can be formed.

  There is a saying “wet with a wet hand”, but when the friction-reducing film forming agent is sprayed on the vessel wall in a wet state, the friction-reducing film forming agent uniformly adheres to the vessel wall. At this time, the powdered water-soluble polymer swells due to water absorption and firmly adheres to the vessel wall to form a film. On the other hand, a jelly-like surface is exposed at a portion that does not contact the vessel wall but contacts water, and a small amount of water-soluble polymer is eluted to form a slimy slimy form, resulting in reduced friction. Even if the friction reducing film forming agent is uniformly sprayed on the vessel wall and then water or water-containing particles / mud is supplied, the powder water-soluble polymer can be similarly adhered to the vessel wall to form a film. . However, in the case of a vessel wall having an elevation angle such as a hopper, it is easier to uniformly adhere the friction reducing film forming agent to the vessel wall when the friction reducing film forming agent is sprayed on the vessel wall in a wet state. In the case of a nearly horizontal state such as a truck bed, first apply a friction-reducing film-forming agent, then supply water or water-containing granular material, and attach a powder water-soluble polymer to the vessel wall to form the film. It may be formed or vice versa. Such a coating may be formed by supplying water to the vessel wall, but water-containing granular material may be supplied to use the water contained therein.

  The friction-reducing film forming agent of the present invention is dispersed so that the powdered water-soluble polymer particles are not brought into contact with each other by powdered acid and powdered carbonic acid / bicarbonate, or further by a neutral salt. Therefore, when the friction-reducing film forming agent is sprayed on the vessel wall in a wet state, the powder water-soluble polymer adheres to the vessel wall in a dispersed state so as not to contact each other. At this time, the powdered acid and the powdered carbonic acid / bicarbonate are dissolved in water, the fine bubbles of the carbon dioxide gas are generated by the neutralization reaction, and the absorbed powdered water-soluble polymer adheres to form Mamako. To prevent. In addition, when powder neutral salt is blended, when the powder neutral salt is dissolved in water, a high-concentration salt solution intervenes between the powder water-soluble polymers, and the absorbed polymers adhere to each other. Is prevented from forming. As a result, a uniform friction-reducing film is formed on the vessel wall.

  After supplying the friction-reducing film-forming agent to the vessel wall in contact with the water-containing particles / mud, the water-containing particles / mud are brought into contact, particularly after forming the water-soluble polymer friction-reducing film. When processing including storage or transportation is performed, the friction of the vessel wall is reduced, and the water-containing particles / mud are processed without adhering to and blocking the vessel wall. For example, in the case of a hopper, the water-containing particles / muddy material is transported without adhering to and clogging the vessel wall. In the case of a truck bed, after transporting it to a predetermined location, the bed is tilted to discharge the water-containing particles / muddy material. When it is done, it can be discharged without adhering to or blocking the cargo bed, and workability is improved.

  The water-soluble polymer film on the vessel wall becomes thinner as the water-soluble polymer elutes from the surface, and if it peels off due to friction with the water-containing particles / mud, the friction reducing effect cannot be obtained. The friction lowering property can be maintained by appropriately repairing. Typically, once the treatment is completed, the vessel wall is washed with water, and a friction-reducing film-forming agent is supplied and sprayed on the film. The defect portion can be filled, the film can be thickened and regenerated, the friction reduction can be maintained, and the treatment can be resumed and continued.

  In the present invention, the water-containing particles / mud is a particle / mud having the property of adhering to the vessel wall and causing clogging when it is treated in contact with the vessel wall. When the granule / mud is dry, it basically does not adhere to or clog the vessel wall, but if it contains water, it will adhere to the vessel wall as water accumulates in the lower part. And may become obstructed. The moisture content of the grains / mud is generally 20 to 80%, preferably about 30 to 70%. Examples of hydrous particles / mud that are treated include water-treated sludge, organic sludge such as dehydrated cake, construction sludge, inorganic sludge such as steelmaking slurry, mixed sludge of this inorganic sludge and organic sludge, Solidified soil with sludge solidified with cement, construction residual soil, other soil, snow, etc. Grains / mud having a high water content is preferably dehydrated and used for the main treatment, but the water content of the dewatered cake is 75 to 90% for organic sludge and 30 to 70% for inorganic sludge. Is suitable for processing.

  In the present invention, it is not necessary to add the friction-reducing film forming agent to the whole of the water-containing particles / mud to be treated, and it is possible to reduce the friction simply by supplying it to the vessel wall in contact with this to form a film. The amount of drug used is small, the processing operation is simple, and friction can be effectively reduced.

  According to the friction-reducing film forming method of the present invention, the water-soluble polymer film is formed by adhering the powder water-soluble polymer swollen in the presence of water to the vessel wall. Can be formed with a small amount of drug used, and a friction-reducing coating can be formed. Further, according to the friction-reducing film forming agent of the present invention, a powder blend containing a powder water-soluble polymer as a main component and powdered acid and powdered carbonic acid / bicarbonate is used. , Soil, and other hydrous / mud friction can be reduced.

  According to the method for reducing friction of hydrous particles / mud according to the present invention, the hydrous particles / mud are brought into contact with the vessel wall on which the friction reducing coating is formed. Mud friction can be reduced. Further, according to the method for treating hydrous particles / mud according to the present invention, after the friction reducing film is formed on the vessel wall in contact with the hydrous particles / mud, the hydrous particles / mud is brought into contact with the vessel wall. In addition, since processing including storage or transportation is performed, a water-soluble polymer film can be efficiently formed on the wall of the device with a small amount of drug used, thereby adhering or blocking the water-containing particulate matter on the wall of the device. Can be prevented and processing can be performed efficiently.

It is a conceptual diagram which shows typically the sludge processing method of embodiment. 6 is a graph showing the friction lowering effect of Example 2. 6 is a graph showing the friction lowering effect of Example 3. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the conventional sludge processing method typically.

  Hereinafter, the sludge treatment method of the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram schematically showing the sludge treatment method of the present embodiment, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 4 denote the same or corresponding parts. Reference numeral 11 denotes a friction-reducing film formed on the hopper 1, and 12 denotes a friction-reducing film formed on the loading platform 2 of the dump truck 3.

  In the sludge treatment method of FIG. 1, a friction-reducing film forming agent is supplied in advance to the hopper 1 and the loading platform 2, and the water-soluble polymer friction-reducing films 11 and 12 are formed on the vessel wall in a wet state. Since the hopper 1 is inclined, the friction-reducing film forming agent is supplied in a state where water has been previously supplied to the vessel wall and wetted to form the friction-reducing film 11. In the case of the loading platform 2 of the dump truck 3, the friction-reducing coating film forming agent is supplied in a state where the loading platform 2 is leveled to form the friction-reducing coating film 12. However, the friction-reducing coating film 12 may be first wetted by supplying water. After spraying the reduced film forming agent, the friction reducing film 12 may be formed by supplying water to wet or supplying treated particles / mud 5 such as a sludge dewatered cake to wet with the contained water.

  After the coating is formed, as in the case of FIG. 4, to-be-treated particles / mud 4 such as sludge dewatered cake is supplied from the cake storage tank 6 onto the friction reducing coating 11 of the hopper 1 and conveyed. The particles are stacked on the friction-reducing coating 12 of the loading platform 2 and stored as particles / mud 5 to be processed. Thereafter, the dump truck 3 moves to a landfill or the like, tilts the loading platform 2, and discharges and processes the stacked particles / mud 5 to be processed. Since the friction reducing coatings 11 and 12 are formed on the hopper 1 and the loading platform 2, the frictional resistance is reduced, and the particles / mud materials 4 and 5 to be treated are not attached and blocked.

  Container walls that come into contact with the particles / mud 4 to be treated such as the hopper 1 and the loading platform 2 are washed with water immediately after use to remove the remaining particles / mud to be treated. Thus, it is possible to repair the friction-reducing films 11 and 12 that have become thin or peeled off. In addition, when adhesion or blockage becomes severe even during use, the use can be stopped, the vessel wall can be washed with water, and the coating can be repaired. The coating is repaired in the same manner as in the initial coating formation. That is, after washing the vessel walls such as the hopper 1 and the loading platform 2 with water and supplying the friction-reducing film-forming agent on the friction-reducing films 11 and 12, the particles of the water-containing powder water-soluble polymer as in the first time. However, it is possible to fill the defect, regenerate the film by thickening it, maintain the friction reduction property, and restart and continue the treatment.

Examples of the present invention will be described below. In this example, unless otherwise indicated, parts and% indicate parts by weight and% by weight. The intrinsic viscosity of the water-soluble polymer was measured under the conditions of 30 ° C. and 1N—NaNO ₃ . The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the water-soluble polymer is determined according to the viscosity formula of the polyacrylamide polymer of the following formula [1] [Radical Polymerization Handbook, published by NTS Corporation, page 558 (1999)]. Mw was calculated from the measured value of intrinsic viscosity.
[Η] = 3.73 × 10 ⁻⁴ Mw ^0.66 (1)

The insoluble content of the water-soluble polymer was measured as follows.
<Measurement of insoluble matter>
After adding 0.5 g of sample to 500 g of ion-exchanged water and stirring at 500 rpm for 3 hours using a magnetic stirrer, filtering with a 60-mesh metal sieve and washing the residue on the sieve with ion-exchanged water After drying with a dryer (105 ° C., 2 hours), the weight is measured, and the insoluble content (weight)% is calculated from the following equation [2].
Insoluble matter = (residue weight after drying / polymer sample weight) × 100 [2]

[Example 1]: (Mamako non-forming effect of powdered water-soluble polymer)
Acrylamide (80 mol%)-polyacrylic acid (20 mol%) copolymer as powder water-soluble polymer (weight average molecular weight: 17 million, (inherent viscosity: 22), particle size: 1 mm, insoluble content: 0.5% ), DL-malic acid (particle size: 100 μm) as powdered acid, sodium bicarbonate (particle size: 200 μm) as powder carbonic acid / bicarbonate, sodium sulfate (particle size: 200 μm) as powder neutral salt It mix | blends in the ratio (weight%), and No. 1-No. 5 was obtained (friction low film-forming laxative).

  No. in Table 1 1-No. The amount of the powder composition (friction reducing film-forming agent) of No. 5 in an amount such that the powder polymer concentration is 0.2% in still water (Tochigi City water: 20 ° C.), Mamako non-formation effect (dispersion solubility) in water was judged. The results are shown in Table 2, but the criteria for determining mamako formation are as described in Table 1 (1).

  From the results in Table 2, No. No. 1 powder water-soluble polymer (acrylamide-polyacrylic acid copolymer) 100% formed Mamako and did not dissolve, so it was rejected as a friction reducing film forming agent. 2-No. It can be seen that No. 4 containing 12% sodium hydrogen carbonate and 15-60% sodium sulfate does not form mamaco. No. 5 formed a little mamako, but was almost accepted. From this fact, the neutral salt of the powder increases the amount of the powder, so that the effect of dispersing the powder water-soluble polymer is recognized.

[Example 2]: (Intrinsic viscosity of water-soluble polymer and friction reduction effect)
The friction reducing effect was carried out as follows because no standard test method was established.
1) An iron flat plate used in JIS A 1101 “Concrete slump test method” was used as a test piece for a vessel wall corresponding to a cake hopper or a truck bed.
2) A friction-reducing film forming agent was sprayed on the flat plate whose surface was not wet (50 g per 1 m ² ).
3) Sludge was brought into contact with the friction reducing agent to form a film, and after 3 minutes, the thickness of the formed film was measured, and one side of the flat plate was lifted and inclined.
4) The angle when the sludge began to slide was measured to determine the friction reduction effect.
5) The friction reducing agent is No. 1 in Table 1. In the three blends, evaluation was made with four types in which the intrinsic viscosity of the acrylamide-acrylic acid copolymer was changed.
6) Construction sludge (muddy water discharged from the construction site, moisture content: 44.5%) was used in this test.

  The overall test results are shown in Table 3, and a graph showing the friction reduction effect is shown in FIG. From the results shown in Table 3 and FIG. 2, the friction lowering effect has been confirmed at an intrinsic viscosity of 14 (dL / g) or more, but it is judged that 18 (dL / g) or more is particularly preferable.

[Example 3]: (friction reduction effect)
The blending ratio of the water-soluble polymer of the friction reducing agent and its effect were evaluated. The test method was the same as in Example 2, and the test mud was also the same. As the water-soluble polymer, an acrylamide-acrylic acid copolymer having an intrinsic viscosity of 22 that showed the best results in Example 2 was used, and the composition shown in Table 1 was used. The mixing ratio of the acrylamide-acrylic acid copolymer was changed as shown in Table 4, and the sludge sliding start angle was examined. The overall test results are shown in Table 4. The graph which shows the friction reduction effect of 1-4 is shown in FIG.

  From the results of Table 4 and FIG. 3, it is understood that the blending ratio is preferably 40 to 80%.

  The present invention relates to a method of forming a friction-reducing coating on a wall of a hopper, a dump truck or the like that comes into contact with sludge, mud, soil, or other water-containing particles / mud, and friction used in the method. It can be used as a lowering film forming agent. In addition, a method for forming a friction-reducing film with this friction-reducing film-forming agent to reduce the friction between the water-containing grains / muddy materials and the storage and transport of the water-containing particles / muddy substances It can be used as a method for treating water-containing particles / mud.

  1: Hopper, 2: Loading platform, 3: Dump truck, 4, 5: Grain / mud to be treated, 6: Cake storage tank, 11, 12: Friction reducing coating.

Claims (12)

  A friction-reducing film-forming agent containing a powder water-soluble polymer is supplied to the vessel wall that comes into contact with the water-containing particles / mud, and the powder water-soluble polymer swollen in the presence of water adheres to the vessel wall and becomes water-soluble. A method of forming a friction-reducing film, comprising forming a polymer film.   A friction-reducing film-forming agent is supplied to the vessel wall in a layered state with a powdered water-soluble polymer dispersed, and the swollen powdered water-soluble polymer is adhered to the vessel wall in a layered manner to form a water-soluble polymer film. The method according to claim 1.   A water-soluble polymer film is formed by supplying water or water-containing particles / mud after supplying the friction-reducing film-forming agent, or supplying a friction-reducing agent to the vessel wall in a wet state. The method according to 1 or 2.   The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the powder water-soluble polymer is one or more powders selected from a synthetic water-soluble polymer, a natural polymer, and a semi-synthetic water-soluble polymer. A friction-reducing film forming agent for reducing the friction of water-containing particles / muddy matter,
A friction-reducing film-forming agent comprising a powder formulation comprising a powder water-soluble polymer, a powder acid, and a powdered carbonate / bicarbonate.   The friction-reducing film-forming agent according to claim 5, comprising 10 to 90% by weight of powdered water-soluble polymer, 1 to 20% by weight of powdered acid, and 1 to 30% by weight of powdered carbonate / bicarbonate.   The friction-reducing film forming agent according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the powder blend contains a powder neutral salt.   8. Friction reduction according to claim 7, comprising 10 to 90% by weight of powdered water-soluble polymer, 1 to 20% by weight of powdered acid, 1 to 30% by weight of powdered carbonate / bicarbonate and 1 to 70% by weight of powdered neutral salt. Film forming agent.   The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the friction reducing film forming agent according to any one of claims 5 to 8 is used as the friction reducing film forming agent.   10. The water-containing particles / mud is brought into contact with the vessel wall on which the friction-reducing coating is formed by the method according to claim 1 to reduce the friction of the water-containing particles / mud. A method for reducing the friction of water-containing particles / mud.   A water content, characterized by carrying out a treatment including storage or transportation by bringing water content particles / mud into contact with a vessel wall on which a friction-reducing film is formed by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 9. Grain / mud treatment method. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 9 to 11, wherein the hydrous particles / mud is sludge, solidified soil, mud, soil or snow.

Images