JP3074318B2 - Mud material - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mud material for a shield method and a propulsion method, and more particularly, when cutting earth and sand by the shield method, it is added to a cutter to facilitate the cutting and the earth and sand. When the propulsion pipe is pushed in while the face is propelled by the propulsion method, the mud is pressed between the propulsion pipe and the ground to reduce frictional resistance. Thus, its preparation is facilitated.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When excavating earth and sand with a cutter and taking it into a pressure chamber, a mud material is injected from the cutter and also injected and mixed into the pressure chamber. Conventionally, in such a shield method, carboxymethylcellulose (hereinafter referred to as CMC) or the like is added to powdered clay or bentonite at the site to mix and agitate to facilitate the cutting of earth and sand and the removal of the cut earth and sand. The prepared sludge was used.

[0003] The mud material has a specific gravity according to the properties of the excavated mud,
Although the viscosity is adjusted, the quality of these materials varies considerably, and it has been pointed out that defects such as difficulty in on-site mud preparation or storage of the prepared mud material are difficult. . In particular, bentonite is a substance designated as industrial waste, and there are many problems from the aspect of pollution in management at the site and treatment of bentonite-containing mud carried out from the site. Furthermore, bentonite has the property that it does not swell completely until a long time has passed since the preparation of the mud, so in order to use it at the set viscosity, it is necessary to store an amount that can be used for a considerably long time, and the equipment becomes large. Inevitable. In addition, it was pointed out that when a large amount of CMC was introduced at a time when dissolving CMC, it became mamako and did not completely dissolve, or that it rotted in summer.

Further, when the mud material having these compositions is mixed with soil, the viscosity of the cut soil becomes extremely high, which may make it difficult to discharge sludge.
In some cases, the solidification treatment was hindered.

A viscous suspension containing water and bentonite as main components has been used as a muddy agent for the propulsion method. However, since this mud is soft gel,
Even if it is injected between the ground and the propulsion pipe, during the propulsion work, when the ground and the propulsion pipe move relatively, the earth and sand of the ground is easily mixed into the muddy material, so that its function is Often it drops rapidly. Or, when the ground is composed of sand layers and gravel layers and the water content is low, the muddy material is absorbed by the ground and the lubricating effect is weakened. When injected into a layer, it has the disadvantage that it is diluted or washed away and loses its effect.

[0006] Further, as the mud material used in the shield method and the propulsion method, conventionally, a 20 kg kraft paper bag or a small-sized bag for easy use and packaged in a polyethylene bag has been used. At the time of use, it is prepared by mixing and stirring a required amount of a mudifier and water in a preparation tank having a stirrer. At this time, if the humidifying agent is packaged in kraft paper, break the packaging bag, measure the required amount and put it in the preparation tank. Only the polyethylene bag is broken and the contents are put into the preparation tank and stirred and mixed with water to prepare.

[0007]

When preparing a muddy material, it is easy to measure the muddy material to prevent pollution due to dust generation, and the packaging material used for the purpose is prepared in the simultaneously prepared muddy material. An object of the present invention is to provide a mudded material packaging bag having a function as a thickener or a filler.

[0008]

[Means for solving the problem] The method of adjusting the amount of use according to the required amount by the number of the bags according to the required amount is to pack the mud material into 20 kg kraft paper bags,
The workability is far superior to that in which the required amount must be weighed each time the mud material is prepared. However,
The work of breaking the polyethylene bag, the associated generation of dust, and the collection of empty bags are major obstacles to labor saving, which is of particular importance in this work field.

The inventor of the present invention wraps the mud material in a bag made of a film of a water-soluble polymer compound having a film-forming ability, or treats the surface of the mud material with a similar polymer compound. After dissolving the packaging film or the surface treatment agent into an arbitrary shape and dissolving the packaging film or the surface treatment agent, a water-soluble polymer compound which becomes an active ingredient of a mud material as a thickener or a bulking agent was examined. As a result, they have found that a specific group of compounds is effective, and based on this, have reached the present invention.

That is, isobutylene-maleic anhydride
Ion complex of copolymer and polyethyleneimine
Spherical resin consisting scan and selected from the group consisting of sepiolite, attapulgite, clay and bentonite, and at least one component, a composition consisting of a water-soluble polymer compound, modified polyvinyl alcohol compounds, polyvinyl methyl ether, methyl A propulsion method packed with a water-soluble film comprising at least one component selected from the group consisting of cellulose and sodium alginate; or
Propulsion method or shield made by treating the surface of the mud material for the shield method or the composition with a water-soluble polymer compound and molding
It is a mud for construction method .

According to the present invention, in order to solve these problems, in a shield method, when added to a cutter at the time of cutting earth and sand, the earth and sand is given an appropriate viscosity to facilitate cutting, or after cutting, the soil is kept in a pressure chamber. A muddy material that retains the water-tightness and fluidity of earth and sand, facilitates the removal of earth and sand, and solidifies the earth and sand after unloading so that it can be used for landfills. It provides something without pollution.

In the step of cutting, carrying out and treating earth and sand in the shield method, when added to a cutter for cutting earth and sand, a function of giving appropriate viscosity to the earth and sand to facilitate cutting is provided. It is required to have a function of appropriately solidifying earth and sand to facilitate carrying out and treatment. In view of these points, the present inventors considered that isobutylene-free
Ions between water maleic acid copolymer and polyethyleneimine
Spherical resin consisting of a complex , mineral extenders such as clay and sepiolite, thickeners such as CMC and sodium polyacrylate, and ettringite-generating substances such as lime and cement mixed in various proportions are swollen with water. The results obtained by examining the effects of the above and their changes over time, further facilitating the operation at the time of preparation, and examining the prevention of pollution due to the generation of dust.

Here, when the ettringite-forming substance is mixed with the soil, needle-like crystals of ettringite (3CaO.Al ₂ O ₃ .CaSO ₄ .32H ₂ O) are formed in the soil by a hydration reaction, a material having an effect of solidifying to form a bridge between the soil particles, for example cement, lime or by modifying some of the ingredients of the cement Fe ₂ 0 ₃ minutes, modified cements having an increased content of ₃ minutes, etc. SO And so on. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

In the shield method, when excavating earth and sand with a cutter and taking it into the pressure chamber, a mud material is injected into the cutting edge of the cutter for excavating earth and sand, and is also injected into the pressure chamber and mixed. At this time, the excavated earth and sand is imparted with water stoppage and fluidity, and the excavated earth and sand is made into a ready-mixed concrete (for example, a slump value of 5 to 10 cm).
A method of filling the inside of the pressure chamber and the screw conveyor to antagonize the groundwater pressure and the pressure of the cutting face mud to continuously excavate and discharge the soil is adopted.

[0015] Here, the mud material removes free water in the face and in the ground, clogs between soil particles to make it hardly permeable, and further improves the particle size distribution of excavated soil and imparts fluidity. Has been used for.

Therefore, properties such as a high water absorption rate and high water absorption, good dispersibility in water, appropriate viscosity and fluidity, high stability and storage stability are required.

The propulsion method is a method of propelling a tip pipe having a cutter attached thereto while cutting a face with a disk cutter. In recent years, particularly in the laying of small-diameter pipes for sewage works and the like, it is often used because of relatively little pollution caused by the works. In this method, the propulsion resistance increases in proportion to the propulsion distance of the pushed tube. Therefore, the maximum propulsion resistance is applied to the propulsion pipe closest to the main pushing jack, and the propellable distance is determined by the compressive strength in the length direction of the propulsion pipe.

The propulsion resistance includes (1) the frictional force between the ground and the propulsion pipe, (2) the resistance in proportion to the propulsion distance generated due to the adhesion, (3) the resistance of the blade, 4) It is determined by factors such as resistance caused by the meandering of the propulsion pipe, and the main factor is resistance due to frictional force or adhesive force. Therefore, a method of injecting a lubricant between the ground and the propulsion pipe to reduce the propulsion resistance is an effective means for increasing the propulsion distance. If the propulsion distance is increased, the interval between shafts can be increased, which is effective for reducing construction costs, reducing pollution caused by construction work, and shortening the construction period.

Further, in order to reduce the propulsion resistance by using the mud material, (1) the mud material must be able to sufficiently fill the space around the outer periphery of the pipe. (2) Have strength to hold the ground. (3) The function of the mud material is not reduced by being diluted by groundwater. (4) or mixed soil of the natural ground to the pressurized mud material layer, or pressurized mud material is absorbed that the function is not lost natural ground, the nature and the like are required.

Isobutylene anhydride used in the present invention
Ionic comps of inic acid copolymer and polyethyleneimine
Rex spherical resin does not dissolve in water when contacted with water, swells and forms a gel, and has the property of retaining an extremely large amount of water, and can hold 100 to 1,000 times more water than a dry state it is a resin. Sponge, pulp, and the like, which are conventionally known as typical water-absorbing substances, absorb water only up to several times to about ten times the dry weight thereof, and have a property of easily separating water when squeezed. The resin used in the mud material of the present invention absorbs a remarkably large amount of water as compared with these water-absorbing substances, and even when squeezed, only a part of the water is separated.
This is presumably because the sponge or the like absorbs water by capillary action, whereas the water-absorbent resin in the superabsorbent resin penetrates into the gel due to osmotic pressure, and the absorbed water is held in a swollen gel state.

In the present invention , isobutylene is used as the superabsorbent resin .
Of maleic anhydride-copolymer with polyethyleneimine
Need to use spherical resin composed of ion complex
There is .

In addition, isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer
Ion complex of coalescence and polyethyleneimine?
The resin must be spherical in shape. Handling is also because the preferred terms of performance as well. Further, it is preferable that the water absorption ratio is higher than a certain level, but if the water absorption ratio is too high, the mechanical properties of the formed gel are significantly reduced.
It is preferably 200 to 1,000 times, and the particle size can be used in a wide range, but 18 to 100 mesh is practically preferable.

The mud material of the present invention must contain at least one component selected from the group consisting of sepiolite, attapulgite, clay and bentonite. These are clay-based minerals, which have properties suitable for forming a good gel with a high water absorption rate when mixed with superabsorbent resin and added with water, and at the same time, also act as a bulking agent. It is.

[0024] particularly hydrous magnesium silicate sepiolite _{[(OH 2) 4 (OH} 2) 4 MgSi 12 O 36 · 6 ~8 H 2 O] and attapulgite clay mineral having a fibrous structure, mixed with soil In addition to imparting appropriate hardness, it is excellent in thixotropic properties, suspension properties and thickening properties, and is important for enhancing the performance of the mud material. In addition, only one of these components may be used, or two or more components may be mixed and used.

Further, it is necessary that the mud material of the present invention contains a water-soluble polymer compound. For example, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, and the like. These components mainly act as thickeners or extenders, and are added to the cutter when cutting earth and sand to facilitate the cutting of earth and sand, and are injected between the propulsion pipe and the ground in the propulsion method. And has the effect of reducing frictional resistance.

The mud material of the present invention is obtained by packaging a composition comprising the above-mentioned components in a water-soluble film comprising at least one of modified polyvinyl alcohol compounds, polyvinyl methyl ether, methyl cellulose and sodium alginate. Alternatively, it is necessary to treat the surface of the mud material with such a high molecular compound and to mold it into an arbitrary shape. Thus, after the packaging film or the surface treatment agent is dissolved, it is a water-soluble polymer compound having such a property as to become an active ingredient of a mud as a thickener or a bulking agent.

The modified polyvinyl alcohol-based compound containing a partially unsaponified acetic acid residue has solubility in cold water, so that it can be used as a raw material for a water-soluble film. In order to further enhance the solubility in cold water, a compound containing a carboxyl group is particularly excellent. Thus, the carboxy-modified polyvinyl alcohol retains the solubility in cold water over a wide range of polymerization including the high polymerization degree region. Also, the degree of saponification maintains the cold water solubility in a wide range, but when the saponification degree is 80% or less, the cold water solubility is lost. For example, a compound having a structure copolymerized with maleic acid, etc., having a modification degree of 2 to 4%, a polymerization degree of 1,000 to 1800, and a saponification degree of 95 to
98% denatured polyvinyl alcohol is particularly preferable as a film raw material and a molding material of the present invention because it has high cold water solubility and film forming ability.

The modified polyvinyl alcohol is obtained by copolymerizing a compound having a carboxyl group such as vinyl acetate and maleic anhydride, and then saponifying it.

Polyvinyl methyl ether is obtained by polymerizing vinyl methyl ether with boron fluoride or aluminum chloride as a catalyst, and is easily soluble in cold water and can form a film. Methyl cellulose is obtained by a condensation reaction between alkali cellulose and methyl halide. When the methoxy group content is 25 to 35%, it exhibits high solubility in cold water and has a film-forming ability. Sodium alginate is prepared by extracting calcium alginate present in seaweed (brown algae) by replacing it with a sodium salt using an aqueous sodium carbonate solution. It is easily soluble in cold water and has the ability to form a film.

Films of these polymer compounds are prepared from the aqueous solution by a casting method. Further, the molded mud material is prepared by filling a mold in which a concentrated aqueous solution of these water-soluble compounds is applied on the inner surface, pressing and drying.

The mud material sealed in the cold water easily soluble film packaging bag of the present invention or the molded mud material is put into a preparation tank into which a predetermined amount of water has been poured in advance, and then stirred, the water is first dissolved. The surface treating agent of the film or molded product of the flexible packaging bag dissolves, and the minute spherical content particles are dispersed in water, so that a uniform mud material can be easily prepared. At this time, the packaging bag film or molded product surface treating agent dissolved in water becomes a viscous solution, and has a function as a thickening agent or a bulking agent for the mud.

The contents of the packaging bag, ie, isobutylene-maleic anhydride containing ettringite-forming substance
Ion complex of copolymer and polyethyleneimine
Among spherical resin components and components consisting of sepiolite, attapulgite, clay and bentonite,
At least one component and a water-soluble polymer compound, for example,
Carboxymethyl cellulose, a mixture of ingredients such as sodium polyacrylate and polyacrylamide, when used as spherical particles or fine spherical granular particles handling property <br/> good, excellent solubility in preparation tank I have. Also, if the particles of the pressurized mud material is mixed when has balled and sand, spheres because of the effect of improving the fluidity of the soil by a bearing effect
It must be used as shaped particles .

The mud material having such a composition has a function of facilitating the cutting due to its appropriate viscosity when added to the cutter when cutting the earth and sand. And imparts appropriate fluidity and hardness to enhance workability. Since the composition, grain size and other properties of earth and sand cut by the shield method are very wide, when actually preparing a muddy material, water absorption of the highly water-absorbent resin depends on the properties of the target earth and sand. Magnification, particle size,
It is necessary to select the degree of swelling by adding water and water.

Further, it is necessary that the superabsorbent resin of the mud material of the present invention contains an ettringite-forming substance.
As described above, the ettringite-producing substance is a substance that, when mixed with the soil, produces ettringite in the form of needle crystals in the soil by a hydration reaction, and forms a crosslink between the soil particles to solidify. , for example cement, lime or the composition of the cement partially modified Fe ₂ 0 ₃ minutes, modified cement having an increased content of ₃ minutes, etc. SO,.

The ettringite-forming substance is preferably a single component or a mixture of two or more components among components composed of lime, cement, and modified cement material.

When the mud material having such a composition is processed by cutting and carrying out the earth and sand and then using it for landfilling, etc., the earth and sand is given an appropriate hardness to facilitate the treatment, and after addition, With the lapse of time, needle-like crystals of ettringite grow in the soil and have the effect of solidifying the soil, so that a strong ground can be formed.

The mud material for the propulsion method or the shield method according to the present invention can produce and supply a product having an arbitrary particle size and water absorption ratio according to the properties of the excavated mud. On-site mud preparation
It is only necessary to mix water and a predetermined amount of mud material. As a result, the storage amount of the mud material at the site can be greatly reduced, and the size of the apparatus can be reduced and the work can be rationalized. Further, since the mud material according to the present invention always maintains stable properties as a mud material, it can greatly contribute to the management and excavation work of the mud material.

[0038] Bentonite and CMC-based sludge, which has been mainly used in the past, are expected to have only the effect of excavation, whereas the isobutylene-maleic anhydride according to the present invention is expected.
Ion complex of copolymer and polyethyleneimine
A mud material composed of a spherical resin made of metal, an extender, a thickener, an ettringite-forming substance, and the like is characterized in that it also has a dewatering effect after excavation and a solidifying effect. Bentonite, dehydrating agent to discharge mud after excavation when using CMC system pressure mud material, added by adding solidifying material like, it has Tsu need der to improve the properties of the waste sludge.

In the pulping material of the present invention, isobutylene-
Ion of maleic anhydride copolymer with polyethyleneimine.
The content of other components to be contained in the spherical resin composed of uncomplex can be used in a wide range without any particular limitation, but is preferably about 1 to 70% based on the resin.

[0040] As further bulking agents in pressurized mud material of the present invention, it can also be added calcium sulfate, a poorly soluble inorganic calcium phosphate.

[0041]

The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the following examples.

(Examples 1 and 2, Comparative Examples 1 and 2) 233 parts of a 14% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added to
Maleic anhydride copolymer (Isovan-10 manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.)
) 100 parts were added and stirred to prepare a uniform aqueous solution having a neutralization degree of 0.6. Next, the aqueous solution having a molecular weight of 3
After adding 0.5 part of polyethyleneimine (Epomin 5P-003 manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Chemical Co., Ltd.) and sepiolite (Miraclay P80V manufactured by Omi Mining Co., Ltd.) in an amount of 0 to 50 parts as shown in Table 1, and thoroughly mixing the mixture. , 3.3 parts of an oil-soluble surfactant having an HLB of 1.8 (Reodol SP-030, manufactured by Kao Soap Co., Ltd.) were added to 333 parts of liquid paraffin dissolved therein, and the mixture was stirred at a temperature of 95%.
C. for 5 hours and the water was allowed to evaporate sufficiently. Then, after solid-liquid separation, the solid was washed with hexane and air-dried to obtain isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer having the water absorption capacity shown in Table 1.
Ion complex of union and polyethyleneimine
The resulting spherical resin was obtained. Further, carboxymethylcellulose was added to these resins as shown in Table 1 to prepare Examples 1 and 2.
Beauty 2 (A, B) and as a raw material of Comparative Example 1 and 2 (C)
A spherical resin composition to be used was prepared.

[0043] Next maleic acid-modified polyvinyl alcohol, partially saponified (denaturation of 2 mol% of maleic acid, polymerization degree 170
A film having a thickness of 0.3 mm was prepared from a 12% aqueous solution having a saponification degree of 98% by a casting method, and 10 g of the composition was packaged [Examples 1 (A , B ) and Comparative Example 1 ( C )].

Further, 10 g of the above-mentioned compositions (A) and ( C )
Was poured into a rectangular parallelepiped mold having a 15% aqueous solution of polyvinyl methyl ether applied to the inner surface thereof, and pressurized and dried to prepare a molded mud material [Example 2 (A) Comparative Example 2 ( C )].

By putting the mud material packaging bag and the molded product into a predetermined amount of water and stirring and mixing, a uniform mud material could be easily prepared without generating any dust.

[0046]

[Table 1]

(Examples 3 and 4, Comparative Examples 3 and 4) One part by weight of the composition (A to C ) shown in Table 1 was sealed in a packaging bag of a partially saponified maleic anhydride-modified polyvinyl alcohol film. [Example 1 (A , B ) and Comparative Example 1 ( C )], and a molded product obtained by treating 1 part by weight of the composition (A, C ) with polyvinyl methyl ether [Example 2 (A)
Comparative Example 2 ( C )] was subjected to a slump test (JIS A 11019) by adding 100 parts by weight of water to form a hydrogel.
The slump value when 10% of the hydrogel was added to 7 liters of saturated wet standard sand was measured. Table 2 shows the results.

Comparative Examples 3 ( C ) and 4 ( C ) show high values, while Examples 3 (A , B ) and 4 (A) all show proper slump values, It turns out that it has fluidity.

[0049]

[Table 2]

Example 5 and Comparative Example 5 The compositions (A to C ) shown in Table 1 were prepared using the same maleic acid as described above.
Sealed with modified polyvinyl alcohol partially saponified film
100 parts by weight of water was added to 1 part by weight of a packed packaging bag to obtain a hydrogel, and the uniaxial compressive strength qu value (JIS A 1216) was measured when 30% was added to 7 liters of saturated wet standard sand. Table 3 shows the results. The specimen was filled in a core of Φ5 cm × 10 cm, and the strength was measured after 3 days and 7 days of material age, respectively.
Comparative Example 5 (B ') is a mixture of the isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer and
This uses a composition from which the ion complex with ethylenediamine has been removed .

(Example 6, Comparative Example 6) In the tests of Example 5 and Comparative Example 5, the film packaging
A molded product obtained by treating the compositions A and C with polyvinyl methyl ether was used instead of the bag .

[0052]

[Table 3]

(Example 7) In order to prepare a mud material at the site of the propulsion method, 200 l of water was injected into the preparation tank, and then Example 1 was performed.
The 2 kg modified polyvinyl alcohol film packaging bag of (A) was charged, and stirred and mixed. In about 1 minute, it was dispersed in water to prepare a uniform mud material.

Next, the molded product surface-treated with 2 kg of polyvinyl methyl ether of Example 2 (A) was put into a preparation tank, and when it was stirred and mixed, it was similarly dispersed in water for about 1 to 1.5 minutes and uniformly dispersed. We were able to prepare a suitable mud material.

[0055]

The propulsion method or shield method according to the present invention
Since the legal muddy material is a cold-water-soluble film packaging bag or a molded product surface-treated with a cold-water-soluble polymer, it is extremely easy to prepare on site, and there is no need to collect the packaging material. The film or the molding material is dissolved as one component of the mud material, and acts as a thickening material or a bulking material.

In the mud material for the propulsion method or the shield method according to the present invention, the highly water-absorbent resin exhibits an effect as a plastic fluidizing material for soil during excavation, and is contained in the water-absorbent resin during mud discharge. By the action of the dehydrating agent and the ettringite-generating substance, the properties of the soil can be simultaneously improved to form a strong ground when used in landfills and the like.

By applying the mud material for the propulsion method or the shield method according to the present invention to the shield method, cutting of earth and sand, transportation and carrying out of the earth and sand, and formation of new ground utilizing the discharged soil can be achieved. Multi-purpose effects over the entire process can be obtained.

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A spherical resin comprising an ion complex of an isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer and polyethyleneimine; and at least one component selected from the group consisting of sepiolite, attapulgite, clay and bentonite; A propulsion method or a shielding method comprising packaging a composition comprising a molecular compound with a water-soluble film comprising at least one component selected from the group consisting of a modified polyvinyl alcohol-based compound, polyvinyl methyl ether, methyl cellulose and sodium alginate. Mud. 2. A spherical resin comprising an ion complex of an isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer and polyethyleneimine, and at least one component selected from the group consisting of sepiolite, attapulgite, clay and bentonite; A propulsion method in which the surface of a composition comprising a molecular compound is treated with a water-soluble substance comprising at least one component selected from the group consisting of a modified polyvinyl alcohol-based compound, polyvinyl methyl ether, methyl cellulose and sodium alginate, and molded. Or a mud material for shield method. 3. The spherical resin comprising an ion complex of an isobutylene-maleic anhydride copolymer and polyethyleneimine contains at least one component among components composed of lime, cement, and denatured cement material. Or a mud material for a propulsion method or a shield method according to 2. In 4. modified polyvinyl alcohol compound is a carboxyl-modified, also claim 1 is a saponification degree of 85% or more
Is a mud material for the propulsion method or the shield method described in 2.