JP2015057306A - Milling cutter and milling insert with coolant delivery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide enhanced lubrication at an insert-chip interface.SOLUTION: A cutting insert assembly (40) includes a cutting insert body (190) that has at least two discrete cutting locations (230, 232). The cutting insert body (190) contains a coolant entry passage (202) for a coolant to flow through arranged concentrically with a pocket opening. The cutting insert body (190) has a rake surface (192) that includes at least two of the discrete depressions (230, 232). Each of the discrete depressions corresponds to one of the cutting locations. The assembly (40) includes a diverter that is positioned adjacently to the cutting insert body (190), where the diverter (250) has a receiving opening arranged concentrically with the coolant entry passage (202) to receive the coolant through the coolant entry passage.

Description

  The present invention relates to a milling cutter and a milling insert for use in chip forming and material removal operations. More specifically, the present invention is a milling and milling insert for use in chip formation and material removal operations, wherein the coolant is adjacent to the interface between the milling insert and the workpiece (ie, the insert-chip interface). Is concerned with milling as well as milling inserts where the excess heat at the insert-chip interface is eliminated.

  In chip formation and material removal operations (eg, milling operations), the interface between the cutting insert and the location where the chips are removed from the workpiece (ie, insert-chip). Heat is generated at the interface. It is known that excessive heat at the insert-chip interface can negatively affect the useful tool life of the milling insert (ie reduce or shorten the life). Reduced useful tool life, as can be seen immediately, increases operating costs and reduces overall production efficiency, so reducing heat at the insert-chip interface is associated with an easily appreciable advantage. Yes.

  In this regard, Lagerberg US Pat. No. 6,053,669 discusses the importance of reducing heat at the insert-chip interface. Specifically, Lagerberg states that resistance to plastic deformation decreases when a cemented carbide cutting insert reaches a certain temperature. When the resistance to plastic deformation decreases, the risk of breakage of the cutting insert increases. Wertheim, US Pat. No. 5,775,854, points out that increasing the working temperature results in a decrease in the hardness of the cutting insert, which leads to an increase in the wear of the cutting insert. Yes. The Lagerberg and Wertheim patents each discuss the importance of supplying coolant to the insert-chip interface.

  Other patent documents disclose various methods or devices for supplying coolant to the insert-chip interface. In this regard, Anton, U.S. Pat. No. 6,045,300, discloses a scheme that utilizes a high pressure, high volume coolant supply to treat heat at the insert-chip interface. Kreamer, US 2003/0082018 A1, discloses a groove between a cutting insert and a top plate. The coolant flows through this groove to treat heat at the insert-chip interface. Hong, U.S. Pat. No. 5,901,632, discloses a coolant supply apparatus that supplies liquid nitrogen to the insert-chip interface.

  In chip formation and material removal operations, high operating temperatures at the insert-chip interface can easily have a detrimental effect on useful tool life due to premature failure and / or excessive wear. This is where it is recognized. Thus, for chip formation and material removal operations with improved coolant supply to the interface between the milling insert and the workpiece (ie, the insert-chip interface, which is the part of the workpiece where the chips are generated). It would be highly desirable to provide a cutter assembly (eg, a milling assembly) as well as a cutting insert (eg, a milling insert) to be used.

  In milling operations, chips generated from a workpiece can sometimes adhere (eg, by welding) to the surface of a cutting insert (eg, a milling insert). Such chip material deposition on the cutting insert is an undesirable phenomenon that can negatively affect the performance of the cutting insert and thus the overall material removal operation.

  Thus, a cutting assembly (eg, a milling assembly) used in chip forming and material removal operations where the supply of coolant to the insert-chip interface is enhanced to provide enhanced lubrication at the insert-chip interface. ) As well as cutting inserts (e.g., milling inserts) would be highly desirable. As lubrication at the insert-chip interface is enhanced, as a result, the tendency for chips to adhere to the cutting insert is also reduced.

  For example, in a cutting operation such as a milling operation, there are cases in which when chips are attached to the cutting insert, the chips do not come out of the region of the insert-chip interface. If the chips do not exit the insert-chip interface region, the chips can be recut. It is undesirable for the milling insert to re-cut chips that have already been removed from the workpiece. The coolant flow to the insert-chip interface will facilitate the removal of chips from the insert-chip interface and thus minimize the possibility of chip recutting.

  Accordingly, a cutting assembly (eg, a milling assembly) used in chip formation and material removal operations in which the coolant supply to the insert-chip interface is enhanced to reduce the possibility of chip recutting, and It would be highly desirable to provide a cutting insert (eg, a milling insert). Enhancing the coolant flow to the insert-chip interface results in better removal of chips from the vicinity of the interface and a reduced possibility of recutting the chips.

US Pat. No. 6,053,669 US Pat. No. 5,775,854 US Pat. No. 6,045,300 US Patent Application Publication No. 2003 / 0082018A1 US Pat. No. 5,901,632

  In one aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates to a cutting insert used for chip formation and material removal, wherein the cutting insert is supplied with coolant. The cutting insert includes a cutting insert body having at least one cutting site. The cutting insert body includes a coolant inflow passage through which coolant can flow. The cutting insert body also has a rake face that includes at least one discrete depression communicating with the coolant inflow channel. This individual depression corresponds to the cutting site and extends towards the cutting site.

    In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates to a cutting insert assembly for use in chip formation and material removal operations and housed in a pocket of a cutter body. In this case, the coolant can flow out from the pocket portion opening included in the pocket portion. The cutting insert assembly includes a cutting insert body having at least two separate cutting sites. The cutting insert body is a coolant inflow passage disposed concentrically with the pocket opening and includes a coolant inflow passage through which the coolant flows. The cutting insert body also has a rake face that includes at least two individual depressions. Each of these individual depressions corresponds to one of the cutting sites and extends towards the corresponding cutting site. The assembly includes a diverter disposed adjacent to the cutting insert body, the diverting element having a receiving opening disposed concentrically with the coolant inflow channel, and the coolant inflow channel. Contain coolant. The direction changing element also includes a coolant trough that communicates with the receiving opening, and the coolant trough is concentrically disposed toward one selected cutting site. Thereby, the coolant trough and the individual depressions corresponding to the selected cutting site define a conduit for coolant flow towards the selected cutting site.

  In yet another aspect of the invention, the invention relates to a direction change element for use in conjunction with a cutting insert. The direction change element includes a central direction change element body with a receiving opening for receiving coolant from the cutting insert. The central redirecting element body further includes a coolant trough communicating with the receiving opening, the coolant trough extending radially outward from the receiving opening. The coolant trough has a tapered end flange.

  In yet another aspect of the invention, the invention relates to a milling assembly for use in chip formation and material removal, wherein coolant is supplied to the milling cutter from a coolant supply. The milling machine includes a milling body having a coolant reservoir in communication with a coolant supply. The milling body further includes a pocket portion having a pocket opening communicating with the coolant reservoir. A cutting insert body having at least two separate cutting sites is used. The cutting insert body is a coolant inflow passage disposed concentrically with the pocket opening and includes a coolant inflow passage through which the coolant flows. The cutting insert body also has a rake face that includes at least two individual depressions. Each of the individual depressions corresponds to one of the cutting sites and extends toward the corresponding cutting site. A direction changing element is provided which is arranged adjacent to the cutting insert body. The direction changing element has an accommodation opening arranged concentrically with the coolant inflow channel, and accommodates the coolant from the coolant inflow channel. The direction changing element also includes a coolant trough that communicates with the receiving opening, and the coolant trough is concentrically disposed toward one selected cutting site. Thereby, the coolant trough and the individual depressions corresponding to one selected cutting site define a conduit for coolant flow towards the selected cutting site.

   Next, drawings constituting a part of the present application will be briefly described.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a particular embodiment of the milling assembly of the present invention. The milling body has a plurality of pockets arranged at intervals around it. Some of the pockets are shown empty (i.e., without a milling insert assembly therein), and two pockets are shown including the milling insert assembly. The coolant flow is indicated by arrows. 1 is a perspective view of one pocket part included in a cutting rim of a milling body as viewed from above, showing a leading concavity surface and a seating section. FIG. This pocket is represented in the milling body indicated by the phantom lines. It is the perspective view which looked at one pocket part contained in the cutting rim of a milling body from the side, and shows a leading edge concave surface and a sheet part. This pocket is represented in the milling body indicated by the phantom lines. FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a pocket portion surrounded by a circle 4 in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of a pocket portion surrounded by a circle 5 in FIG. 3. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the milling assembly of FIG. 1 showing the disassembled milling body with the coolant sump cap and lock screw removed from the milling body to facilitate viewing of the central coolant sump. The coolant flow is indicated by arrows. FIG. 7 is a side view of the locking screw of FIG. 6 with a portion shown in cross-section to show its central drilling and auxiliary inclined drilling. The coolant flow is indicated by arrows. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the coolant reservoir cap of FIG. 6. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a coolant reservoir cap taken along section line 9-9 in FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the milling insert assembly of FIG. 1 showing the components assembled together. The coolant flow is indicated by arrows flowing from the elongated slot into the side of the shim and out of the milling insert adjacent to the cutting edge that engages the workpiece (ie, the engaging cutting edge). FIG. 7 is a perspective view of one particular embodiment of a shim used in the milling assembly of FIG. The flow path in the shim is indicated by a broken line, and the coolant flow is indicated by an arrow. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a second particular embodiment of a shim suitable for use in the milling assembly shown in FIG. The flow path in the shim is indicated by a broken line, and the coolant flow is indicated by an arrow. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a milling insert assembly with components exploded along a central axis. A particular embodiment of the shim is shown in FIG. 12, where the coolant flow is indicated by arrows. It is a top view of the rake face of the milling insert of FIG. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the milling insert of FIG. 14 taken along section line 14A-14A of FIG. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the milling insert of FIG. 14 taken along section line 14B-14B of FIG. It is a perspective view of the milling insert of FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a first particular embodiment of a diverter member. FIG. It is a bottom view of the direction change member of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the direction change member of FIG. 16 which follows the cutting line 16A-16A of FIG. It is a side view of the direction change member of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the direction change member of FIG. 16 which follows the cutting line 16C-16C of FIG. FIG. 14C is a cross-sectional view of a milling insert and direction change member assembly taken along a cross section generally in the same orientation as in FIG. 14B, showing coolant flow and cutting into the milling insert-direction change member assembly; And coolant spillage below the surface. FIG. 16 is a perspective view of the left-hand type of the direction changing member of FIG. The direction change member is selectively arranged to direct the coolant flow (indicated by an arrow) in the direction of a selected cutting edge that is positioned to engage the workpiece. It is a right-handed perspective view of the direction change member shown in combination with a milling insert (shown in phantom). The direction change member is selectively arranged to direct the coolant flow (indicated by an arrow) in the direction of a selected cutting edge that is positioned to engage the workpiece. It is a perspective view of the bidirectional | two-way direction change member shown in combination with the milling insert (shown with a virtual line). The direction change member is selectively arranged to direct the coolant flow (indicated by an arrow) in the direction of a selected cutting edge that is positioned to engage the workpiece. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of another specific embodiment of the milling assembly of the present invention. The milling body has a plurality of pockets arranged at intervals around it. Some of the pockets are shown empty (i.e., without a milling insert assembly therein), and two pockets are shown including the milling insert assembly. The coolant flow is indicated by arrows. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a milling insert assembly, showing the components assembled together. The coolant flow is indicated by arrows that flow from the flow path at the bottom of the shim of another particular embodiment and flow out of the milling insert adjacent to the cutting edge that engages the workpiece. FIG. 22 is a perspective view of the milling insert assembly of FIG. 21 with components exploded along the central axis. FIG. 6 is a plan view of another particular embodiment of a milling insert. Two separate depressions correspond to each cutting edge.

  Referring to the drawings, FIG. 1 illustrates one particular embodiment of the milling assembly of the present invention. This milling assembly is shown schematically at 40. The milling assembly 40 is used for chip formation and material removal operations (or a milling assembly for material removal by chip formation). In such operations, material is removed from the workpiece. In operation, the milling assembly 40 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow “R”.

  Milling assembly 40 includes a generally cylindrical milling body, schematically shown at 42. The milling body has a cutting rim 44 that includes a peripheral surface 46. The milling assembly 40 further includes an attached integral collar 48 attached downward from the cutting rim 44 (as seen in FIG. 1). In this particular embodiment, the milling assembly 40 further includes a plurality of pockets spaced apart on the peripheral surface 46 of the cutting rim 44. This is indicated schematically at 52. As will be described in greater detail below, each pocket 52 houses and securely holds a milling insert assembly therein.

  It should be understood that the milling body 42 can be provided with many pockets that are different from the pockets shown in this particular embodiment. In addition, it should be understood that the spacing between the pockets can be different from that disclosed herein. In this regard, the number and location of the pockets can vary depending on the particular application for the milling assembly. Applicants are not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the particular geometry of the milling body and the orientation of the pockets therein as shown in the accompanying drawings.

  Each pocket 52 has a leading edge concave surface 54 and a seat portion 60 (see brackets in FIGS. 1 and 5) adjacent to and following the leading edge concave surface 54. A transition region 58 connects between the leading edge concave surface 54 and the seat portion 60. Within the scope of the present invention, the terms “leading” and “trailing” (and similar related terms) refer to the pocket and milling insert assembly in terms of the operation of the milling assembly. It refers to the relative position of structural features. For example, for the same component, that part of the “leading edge” precedes that part “following” in rotation during operation of the milling assembly. The use of such relative terms is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but merely to define the various features of the structure relative to one another.

  The sheet portion 60 includes a sheet surface 62 at the trailing end of the sheet portion 60. The seat surface 62 has a radial disposition and an axial disposition. The seat surface 62 has a top end 64 and a bottom end 66. The milling body 42 includes a closed screw hole 68 having an end in the seat surface 62. The screw hole 68 accommodates a threaded fixture as described below. The use of terms such as “top” and “bottom” relates to the relative orientation of the structural elements shown in the positions represented in FIG. The use of such relative terms is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but merely to define the various features of the structure relative to one another.

  The seat portion 60 further includes a subsequent inclined seat surface 74 that leads to the seat surface 62. The milling body 42 includes two coolant channels 76 that are open at the subsequent inclined seat surface 74, as indicated by openings 77. The opening 77 in the subsequent inclined sheet surface 74 can be regarded as an opening in the pocket portion. As will be described below, these coolant channels 76 serve as conduits for coolant flow to the milling inserts contained in the pockets. The coolant flow from the coolant channel 76 is indicated by the arrows in FIG.

  The sheet portion 60 also includes a leading edge inclined seat surface 80 adjacent to the subsequent inclined seat surface 74. When the milling insert assembly is held inside the pocket, the milling insert rests on (and is supported by) the leading edge inclined seat surface 80, the shim rests on the subsequent inclined seat surface 74, and Supported by it. It should be understood that the leading inclined seat surface 80 and the subsequent inclined seat surface 74 have a radial arrangement and an axial arrangement.

  The seat portion 60 further includes a clamp seat surface 84 that is adjacent to the angled seat surface 80 at the leading edge. A shoulder 86 connects the inclined seat surface 80 at the leading edge to the clamp seat surface 84. Another shoulder 88 is the transition between the clamp seat surface 84 and the leading edge concave surface 54. Clamp seat surface 84 and shoulders 86 and 88 have a radial and axial arrangement. The milling body 42 includes a screw hole (or opening) 90 that is open in the clamp seat surface 84. The screw hole 90 is designed to receive a holding pin that passes through the clamp. In this case, the clamp helps to hold the shim and milling insert securely in the pocket.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the milling body 42 further includes a central coolant (or fluid) reservoir 94 that communicates with a coolant source, which is labeled “Coolant Supply” in FIG. 6. A central coolant reservoir 94 is defined by a central upstanding wall 96 that has an upward (or generally vertical orientation as seen in FIG. 6). The upstanding wall 96 extends upwardly from the bottom surface 98 of the milling body 42 and the bottom surface 98 also (partially) defines a central coolant reservoir 94. The central upstanding wall 96 has an upper end 100 as seen in FIG.

  The central upright wall 96 includes a plurality of coolant channel 76 pairs that provide fluid communication between the coolant reservoir 94 and the pocket 52. Each pair of coolant passages 76 corresponds to one pocket portion 52, and coolant is supplied from the corresponding pair of coolant passages 76 to the corresponding pocket portion 52. Although Applicant does not intend to limit the coolant channel 76 to any particular size or internal geometry, Applicant does not know the dimensions and geometry of the coolant channel 76. It is believed that sufficient coolant flow is supplied to the corresponding pocket portion and thus to the corresponding milling insert held in the pocket portion.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the milling assembly 40 further includes a locking screw shown schematically at 106. The lock screw 106 has a top end 108 and a bottom end 110 as seen in FIG. The lock screw 106 also has an enlarged diameter portion 112 that defines a shoulder 114 adjacent to its upper end 108. Projecting from the enlarged diameter portion 112 is an elongated integral cylindrical shank 116. In addition, the lock screw 106 includes therein a central hexagonal longitudinal bore 118 extending therethrough.

  The lock screw 106 further includes a plurality of radially inclined perforations 124 that are deployed at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis ZZ of the lock screw 106. The inclined perforations 124 each provide fluid communication between the central perforation 118 and the circular upper end 122 at the top of the locking screw 106. This inclined perforation 124 provides an additional flow path through which coolant can flow from the coolant source to the coolant reservoir. As indicated by the arrows in FIGS. 6 and 7, the coolant flows into the hexagonal perforations 118 at the bottom end 120, flows through the perforations 118, and is hexagonal at the top end 122 of the hexagonal perforations 118. It flows out of the perforations 118 and flows over the upper end 122 in all directions. The coolant also flows out of the central bore 118 via the inclined bore 124 as indicated by the arrow. The coolant flowing out of the lock screw 106 (whether via the central bore 118 or the inclined bore 124) then flows into the central coolant reservoir 94 as indicated by the arrows.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the milling assembly 40 also includes a coolant reservoir cap, schematically shown at 126. The coolant reservoir cap 126 partially defines a central coolant reservoir 94, and has a top surface 128 and a bottom surface 130, and a plurality of bolt holes 132 arranged at equal intervals around the cap 126. Including. Each of the bolt holes 132 is adjusted to accommodate a bolt 134 (see FIG. 6) that fixes the coolant reservoir cap 126 to the milling body 42. The coolant reservoir cap 126 further includes a generally circular, attached integral flange 136 having a plurality of notches 138. In this case, the notches 138 are arranged at equal intervals around the flange 136.

  Referring to FIGS. 10-21, the milling assembly 40 further includes a plurality of milling insert assemblies (or cutting insert assemblies), each indicated schematically at 150. Applicants have used the term “cutting insert” to refer to milling and turning inserts, as well as other materials to engage and remove material in material removal operations such as chip formation and material removal operations. It should be understood that the following types and types of inserts are considered to imply (without limitation).

  As is apparent from FIG. 1, the pocket portion 52, particularly the seat portion 60, each receives and holds a milling insert assembly 150. Milling insert assembly 150 includes several components. That is, milling inserts (which can be considered as cutting inserts in a wider range), shims, clamps, and screw members, which are described in detail below. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 10, coolant flows out of the milling insert at a location adjacent to the selected cutting site (or cutting edge). As will become apparent below, the shim has three different embodiments.

  As described above, the milling insert assembly 150 includes a shim schematically indicated at 152. One particular embodiment of shim 152 is shown in FIGS. The shim 152 has an upper surface 154, a bottom surface 156, and a peripheral side surface (or end surface) 158. The shim 152 also includes three perforations therein. One of these perforations is a fastener perforation 160 that houses a screw member 164. This screw member 164 attaches the shim 152 and milling insert to the milling body 42 in a manner well known to those skilled in the art. The shim 152 also has four corners (162A, 162B, 162C, 162D). Among these, the corners 162B and 162C are sharp corners, and the corners 162A and 162D are flat corners defined by a plane.

  The other two perforations contained in shim 152 are in fluid communication with each other. The two perforations each provide a flow path for coolant to flow from the coolant flow path 76 that is open in the subsequent inclined seat surface 74 to the upper surface 154 of the shim 152. These two perforations are considered together as one internal coolant channel. One of the two perforations is an elongated slot 166 that is open at one of the peripheral side ends 158 and extends radially inward to the other perforation, which is a central perforation 168. Intersect. The central bore 168 is open at the top surface 154 of the shim 152. As indicated by the arrows, the coolant flows from the slot 166 and flows to the fixture perforation 160. The coolant (represented by the vertical arrows as seen in FIG. 11) flows from the central bore 168 into the milling insert, which is described below.

  FIG. 12 shows another embodiment of a shim. In this case, the shim shown generally at 170 has a top surface 172, a bottom surface 174, and a surrounding side surface 176 or end. The shim 170 also includes four perforations therein. One perforation is a fastener perforation 178 that houses a screw member 182. This screw member 182 attaches the shim 170 and milling insert to the milling body 42 in a manner well known to those skilled in the art. The shim 170 has four corners (180A, 180B, 180C, 180D). Of these, the corners 180B and 180C are sharp corners, and the corners 180A and 180D are flat corners defined by a plane.

  Two of the other perforations are flow paths for coolant to flow from the coolant flow path 76 open at the subsequent inclined seat surface 74 to the upper surface 172 of the shim 170. The two perforations can be considered together as an internal coolant flow path. One of the two perforations is an elongated slot 184 that is open in one of the peripheral side surfaces 176 and extends radially inward and intersects the coolant perforation 186. The coolant perforation 186 is open at the upper surface 172 of the shim 170.

  Finally, the fourth perforation is a radial perforation 188, a radial perforation, which is a fluid flow path that directs the coolant flow toward the peripheral surface of the shim 170 adjacent the engaging cutting edge of the milling insert. It is. In this case, the radial bore 188 is in fluid communication with the elongated slot 184 so that at least some of the coolant flowing into the slot 184 flows into the radial bore 188. The radial perforations 188 can be thought of as radial coolant channels that communicate with the internal coolant channels.

  A radial perforation 188 is positioned to open at the top surface 172 near one corner (180A) of the shim 170. As described below, when the shim 170 is assembled with a milling insert, the shim is oriented such that the corners 180A are adjacent to the cutting edge of the milling insert that engages the workpiece. This means that during operation, coolant flows from the elongated slot 184 into the shim 170 and further into the coolant perforations 186 and radial perforations 188 as indicated by the arrows (indicated by “G”). ing. The coolant flows from the coolant bore 186 (as represented by the arrow “H”) into the milling insert as described below. Further, the coolant flows out of the radial bore 188 (as represented by the arrow “I”) and flows over a peripheral blank surface around the milling insert adjacent to the engaging cutting edge; This results in an additional flow of coolant toward the selected cutting site (ie where the milling insert engages the workpiece) and in the vicinity of the insert-chip interface. The flow of coolant flowing out of the milling insert will be described in detail below. FIG. 13 shows the coolant flowing out of the milling insert (arrow “I”).

  Referring to FIGS. 14-14C, the milling insert assembly 150 further includes a milling insert 190. The milling insert 190 is typically manufactured by powder metallurgy technology. In this regard, the starting powder component for the milling insert is first blended or ground into the original powder mixture. A lubricant or fugitive binder is usually included as an initial component. The initial powder mixture is then compressed into the shape of a milling insert (ie, green compact) having a partial density.

  Next, the green compact is subjected to a compaction process which is usually carried out at a high temperature and optionally under pressure. The consolidation process can include pressure sintering, vacuum sintering, high temperature isostatic pressing, and other known consolidation methods. The resulting product is essentially a fully compacted milling insert. The consolidated milling insert can be subjected to various finishing operations, such as polishing or spraying, etc., to form an uncoated milling insert.

  Uncoated milling inserts may be useful without a coating thereon. Alternatively, it may be advantageous to apply a coating scheme to an uncoated milling insert to form a coated milling insert. The coating system can be any of a wide range of suitable coating systems including one or more individual coating layers, and any of a wide range of coating production techniques including physical vapor deposition (PVD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods. One or more coatings can be produced.

  The milling insert can be made from any one material suitable for use as a cutting insert. The following materials are examples of materials useful for cutting inserts. That is, tool steel, cemented carbide, cermet or ceramic. Regarding tool steel, the following patent document discloses tool steel suitable for use as a cutting insert. That is, US Pat. No. 4,276,085 for “High speed Steel”, US Pat. No. 4,880,08 for “Superhard high-speed tool steel”. US Pat. No. 5,252,119 relates to “High Speed Tool Steel Produced by Sintered Powder and Method of Producing the Same”. Is disclosed. Regarding cemented carbides, the following patent documents disclose cemented carbides suitable for use as cutting inserts. That is, US Patent Application Publication No. 2006 / 0171837A1 is “prioritized” regarding “a cemented carbide body containing Zirconium and Niobium and Method of Making the Same”. U.S. Reissue Pat. No. 34,180 on “Preferentially Binder Enriched Cemented Carbide Bodies and Method of Manufacture” describes “non-layered surface binder rich U.S. Pat. No. 5,955,186 discloses a coated cutting insert with AC Porosity Substrate Having Non-Stratified Surface Binder Enrichment. Regarding cermets, the following patent documents disclose cermets suitable for use as cutting inserts. That is, US Pat. No. 6,124,040 for “Composite and Process for the Production Thereof” describes a cermet cutting insert with a Co—Ni—Fe binder. US Pat. No. 6,010,283 discloses “Insert a Cermet Having a Co—Ni—Fe Binder”. Regarding ceramics, the following patent documents disclose ceramics suitable for use as cutting inserts. That is, for “an Alumina-zirconia-silicon carbide-magnesia ceramic cutting tools”, US Pat. No. 5,024,976 describes “Composition of Sialon Cutting Tools”. U.S. Pat. No. 4,880,755 for (a Sialon Cutting Tool Composition) is described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,880 for "a silicon Nitride Ceramic and Cutting Tool made Thereof". No. 525,134 is directed to US Pat. No. 6,905,922 regarding “a Ceramic Body Reinforced with Coarse Silicon Carbide Whiskers and Method for Making the Same”. The description states that `` a SiAlON Containing Ytterbium and Method of M aking) is disclosed in US Pat. No. 7,094,717.

  The milling insert 190 has a rake surface 192, an opposite bottom seat surface 194, and a surrounding flank 196. The rake face 192 and the bottom sheet face 194 are usually arranged parallel to each other. As shown in FIG. 14A, the surrounding flank 196 is disposed to include an angle B with respect to the central axis CC.

  In the particular embodiment shown, the milling insert 190 has four distinct and different cutting edges, which are labeled 238, 240, 242, and 244. The cutting edges (238, 240, 242, 244) intersect the rake face 192 and a portion of the surrounding flank 196, respectively. Each of the cutting edges can be regarded as a cutting site that means a position on the milling insert 190. This cutting site engages the workpiece to remove material from the workpiece when a material removal operation is performed.

  The rake face 192 of the milling insert 190 includes an indentation (or central recess) 200 therein. The central recess 200 surrounds a central opening (or coolant inflow channel) 202 included in the rake face 192. The rake face 192 of the milling insert 190 further includes a plurality of individual depressions therein, each of which intersects the central recess 200. As will be described in further detail below, each individual depression also corresponds to a particular cutting edge (or cutting site) of the milling insert 190.

  Regarding the description of individual depressions, each individual depression has essentially the same geometric shape, so a detailed description of one individual depression will suffice for a detailed description of the other individual depressions. . With respect to the detailed description of this individual recess, the first individual recess 210 has a peripheral end 212 that includes a radially inner portion 214 and a radially outer portion 216. Have The radially outer portion 216 of the individual depression 210 has its end on the radially inner side of the cutting edge 242 of the milling insert 190, which is proximate to the cutting edge 242. The rake face 192 has a peripheral portion 218 that separates the radially outer portion 216 of the individual depression 210 from the cutting edge 242. Thus, the individual depressions 210 correspond to the cutting edges 242, which means that when coolant flows through the individual depressions 210, the coolant is adjacent to the cutting edges 242 and is actually below the cutting edges 242. Can be said to flow out (radially forward). It should be understood that the milling insert 190 can be indexed such that any of the cutting edges engage the workpiece. As will become apparent below, the coolant flows via individual depressions corresponding to the cutting edges selected to engage the workpiece.

  Due to the arch characteristics of the arched surface, a smooth redirection of the coolant flow in the radially outward direction takes place without generating an excessive amount of turbulence. The surface defining this individual depression has a contour such that the depth of the individual depression (i.e. the distance between a particular surface of the individual depression and the rake face 192) decreases radially outward. However, this surface profile facilitates an efficient supply of coolant flow in the direction of the cutting edge.

   As can be seen from the drawing, in particular FIG. 14, the individual depressions have the same plane width as the rake face. At least from the position where the individual depression and the central recess intersect, the width decreases in the radially outward direction, thereby facilitating efficient supply of coolant flow in the direction of the cutting edge. In this regard, the coolant flow in the radially outward direction within the individual depressions is concentrated towards the radially outer portion of the individual depressions.

  It can also be seen that the individual depressions have a volume. The volume of each individual recess is decreasing radially outward, thereby facilitating efficient delivery of coolant flow in the direction of the cutting edge. In this regard, the coolant flow in the radially outward direction within the individual depressions is concentrated towards the radially outer portion of the individual depressions.

  FIG. 14 shows that the other individual depressions are individual depressions 230, individual depressions 232 and individual depressions 234. The geometry of each of these other individual depressions (230, 232 and 234) is the same as that of the individual depression 210 and will not be repeated here for the sake of brevity.

  Still referring to FIG. 14, between the individual depressions 238 and 240 is an arched sealing surface 220. Between the individual depressions 240 and 210 is an arched sealing surface 222, between the individual depressions 210 and 230 there is an arched sealing surface 224 and between the individual depressions 230 and 232. An arched sealing surface 226 is located. The function of these sealing surfaces is to facilitate the formation of a seal between the redirecting element 250 and the milling insert.

  Referring to FIGS. 15-16C, the milling insert assembly 150 further includes a redirecting element, indicated schematically at 250. The diverting element 250 is envisioned for use in combination with a milling insert, as described in detail below. The redirecting element 250 can be made from a variety of materials. With respect to material selection, the diverting element 250 is resistant to chip wear from cutting or milling (ie, material removal operations) and corrosive wear to resist corrosion due to coolant flow. It is advantageous to have resistance. Suitable materials for the redirecting element 250 include tool steel, stainless steel, cemented carbide, cermet and ceramic. The applicant also believes that the direction change element can be coated with one or more coating layers.

  The redirecting element 250 has opposing surfaces. That is, the bottom surface 252 and the opposite top surface 264. When the milling assembly is in operation, the bottom surface 252 that may be exposed to the chips formed from the material removal operation becomes the leading edge surface (ie, preceded in rotation) with respect to the top surface 264. As will be described below, when the diverting element 250 is incorporated into the milling insert 190, its upper surface 264 is located within a cavity provided in the rake face 192 of the milling insert 190 (this cavity includes individual depressions). To do.

  The bottom surface 252 has a generally flat central surface portion 254. This central surface portion 254 is generally perpendicular to the central longitudinal axis (DD) of the redirecting element 250. The central surface portion 254 also has a circumferential boundary end 256. The bottom surface 252 further includes a conical surface portion 258 that extends radially outward from the circumferential boundary edge 256. The end of this conical surface portion 258 is a peripheral perimeter edge 260, typically around a circle, with the exception of the flange region as described below. The conical surface portion 258 is provided at an “F” angle with respect to the central surface portion 254.

  The top surface 264 of the redirecting element 250 includes a central body 266 of the redirecting element that includes a collar 270 that defines a receiving opening 272. The accommodation opening 272 is assumed to accommodate the coolant flow from the coolant inflow passage of the milling insert. The central body 266 of the redirecting element further includes a coolant trough 274 that extends radially outward from the receiving opening 272. The coolant trough 274 is in communication with the receiving opening 272 so that coolant can flow from the receiving opening 272 to and along the coolant trough 274. The coolant trough 274 extends to the tapered end flange 280. The tapered end flange 280 has one portion 282 that extends farther in the radially outward direction than the other portion 284 of the end flange 280.

  Further, the top surface 264 of the redirecting element 250 has a conical portion 267 extending from the peripheral boundary edge 260 at the intersection of the top surface 252 and the bottom surface 264. This conical portion 267 extends over most of the area surrounding the redirecting element 250. In a particular embodiment, this conical portion 267 is provided at an angle E equal to about 45 ° with respect to the central axis DD. It should be understood that the angle E can range from about 5 ° to about 85 °. The magnitude of the angle E matches the contour of the corresponding surface area of the rake face. The surface area of this rake face forms a seal between the redirecting element and the milling insert at these surfaces.

  As shown in FIG. 15, the coolant (arrow “H”) flows into the milling insert assembly 150 and further into the receiving opening 272. The coolant impinges on the surface of the coolant trough 274 and moves the length of the coolant trough 274 radially outward and passes over the surface of the tapered end flange 280. Most of the coolant flows over the other portion 284 of the smaller radial outer dimension end flange 280, but some of the coolant has a larger radial outer dimension end flange. One can expect to flow over one portion 282 of 280.

  Milling insert assembly 150 includes a clamp shown schematically at 290. The clamp 290 has a top surface 292, a bottom surface 294, and a peripheral end surface 296. Clamp 290 also includes a perforation 298 that is adjusted to accommodate a screw member or pin 300. The purpose of the clamp 298 is to wedge the milling insert 190 and diverting element 250 against the shim 152 to securely hold the milling insert 190 and diverting element 250 in the pocket 52 of the milling body 32. . The use of a clamp to mechanically hold a milling insert or a combination of shims and milling inserts in a pocket of the milling body is well known to those skilled in the art of milling.

  When the milling insert assembly 150 uses the shim 170 shown in FIG. 12, the bottom surface 174 of the shim 170 is rigid with respect to the seat surface 62 when the milling insert assembly 150 is incorporated into the pocket 52 of the milling body 42. Pressed. The orientation of the elongated slot 184 in the shim 170 is such that the slot 184 is concentric with (or matches) the end of the coolant passage 76 in the subsequent inclined seat surface 74. The bottom surface 194 of the milling insert 190 is pressed firmly against the top surface 172 of the shim 170.

  To assemble the milling insert assembly 150, the upper surface 264 of the redirecting element 250 is pressed firmly against the rake face 192 of the milling insert 190. When in this position, the central body of the redirecting element is contained within a cavity in the rake face 192 of the milling insert 190.

  When the redirecting element 250 is pressed firmly against the milling insert 190, between the corresponding portion of the surface area of the conical surface portion 258 and the portion of the central recess 200 between the individual depressions, There is a local part of surface-to-surface contact. As mentioned above, these local portions are arcuate sealing surfaces 220, 222, 224 and 226. In these contact local portions, a substantially impervious seal between the redirecting element 250 and the milling insert 190 is formed.

  When the diverting element 250 is pressed firmly against the milling insert 190, the collar 270 (defining the receiving opening 272) of the diverting element 250 is concentric with the coolant inflow channel 202 of the milling insert 190. By being concentric, the accommodation opening 272 can accommodate the coolant flowing into the milling insert 190 from the coolant inflow channel 202.

  When the diverting element 250 is incorporated into the milling insert 190, the individual recesses (210, 230, 232, 234) adjacent to (ie corresponding to) the end flange 280 of the diverting element 250, together with the coolant trough 274, A conduit is defined that directs the flow toward the corresponding cutting edge (238, 240, 242, 244) of the milling insert 190. Since this conduit is substantially fluidly insulated from the remaining cavities of the milling insert, almost all coolant flowing into the milling insert 190 is directed through this conduit towards the selected cutting edge. Flowing.

  The position of the end flange 280 of the redirecting element 250 can be selected to match any one individual depression and the corresponding selected cutting edge. Since it is usually important to supply coolant in the vicinity of the cutting site, this selected cutting edge is the cutting edge that engages the workpiece in a material removal operation (eg milling).

  Referring to FIG. 16D, a cross-sectional view of the assembled milling insert 190 and redirecting element 250 is shown. It can be seen that the coolant flows from the coolant inflow passage 202 into the assembly (see arrow “H”) and further into the accommodation opening 272 of the direction changing element 250. The coolant continues to flow through a conduit defined between the coolant trough 274 and the individual recess corresponding to the selected cutting edge. In this case, this cutting edge is the cutting edge 238 corresponding to the individual depression 232.

  As indicated by arrow J, the coolant exiting the milling insert-direction-changing element assembly flows down the plane along the rake face 192 of the milling insert 190 so that the coolant flows out below the cutting surface. The coolant is then sprayed upwards towards the cutting site, as can be seen by the arrow J. By directing the coolant spray upward toward the cutting site, the coolant can impinge on or near the insert-chip interface site. This provides several advantages associated with directing the coolant spray upward toward the cutting site. In this case, this advantage includes avoidance of build-up of work material on the milling insert by reducing the negative effects of heat generated at the milling insert-workpiece interface and improved lubrication at the milling insert-chip interface or Reduction and avoidance of chip recutting by facilitating removal of chips from the vicinity of the milling insert-chip interface.

  With respect to the operation of the entire milling assembly 40, the milling assembly 40 rotates in the counterclockwise direction (see arrow R) as seen in FIG. 1 under the action of a machine tool drive or the like. The central coolant reservoir 94 is in communication with a coolant supply, which is typically under pressure conditions during rotational operation of the milling assembly 40. As can be seen, coolant flows through the hexagonal longitudinal bore 118 in the center of the lock screw 106, out of it, and further over the upper end surface 108 and into the central coolant reservoir 94. .

  The coolant flows out of the central coolant reservoir 94 through the coolant channel 76, moves in the coolant channel 76, and flows out at the subsequent inclined seat surface 74 of the seat portion 60. As described below, the coolant flows into the milling insert assembly 150 in this position.

  The coolant flows from the elongated slot 184 into the shim 170 and then into the central coolant bore 186. The coolant flow flows from the central coolant bore 186 into the receiving opening 272 defined by the collar 270 of the redirecting element 250. The diverting element 250 is disposed in the central cavity of the milling insert 190. The coolant then flows via a conduit defined between the radial coolant trough 274 of the redirecting element 250 and the surface defining the adjacent individual depression. The coolant flow exits the conduit at the end flange 280 in such a manner that the coolant flows over both portions (282, 284) of the end flange 280. The coolant then flows over the cutting edge and is supplied in the vicinity of the insert-chip interface at the cutting site.

  Referring to FIG. 17, the milling insert assembly 150 can selectively direct coolant to a selected cutting edge that engages the workpiece (eg, the cutting edge 242 shown in FIG. 17). Selection of the direction of the coolant is performed by rotating the direction change element 250 to a selected position so as to coincide with the cutting edge 242. As shown in FIG. 17, the redirecting element 250 is positioned such that the end flange 280 is collinear with the cutting edge 242 of the milling insert 190. When in this position, the coolant will move toward the cutting edge 242 as described above and will flow out to the bottom of the cutting edge 242. In this case, it should be noted that the coolant flow passes over the small and large portions, thereby leading the flow to the cutting edge 242.

  As is well known, in a milling operation, the point comes when the milling insert 190 needs to be indexed or repositioned to prepare a new cutting edge for engagement with the workpiece. In the case of an indexable milling insert, this means that the milling insert 190 is rotated within the pocket 52 so that a new cutting edge (eg, cutting edge 240) exits. By way of example and with reference still to FIG. 17, when the cutting edge 242 becomes worn or reaches a state that requires replacement, the milling insert 190 is indexed to engage the workpiece. The cutting edge 240 comes out as an edge. In order to supply coolant to the new cutting edge 240, the diverting element 250 is rotated approximately 90 ° in the clockwise direction, as seen in FIG. The coolant trough 274 will cooperate with a separate recess corresponding to the cutting edge 240 to guide the coolant to the engaging cutting edge.

  As shown in FIG. 17, the coolant (as indicated by arrow “J”) flows out to a position below the cutting edge at the interface between the cutting edge and the workpiece. As a result, the negative effect of heat generated at the milling insert-chip interface is reduced by the coolant. As yet another result, the presence of coolant improves lubrication at the milling insert-chip interface and avoids or reduces build-up of workpiece material on the milling insert. Furthermore, the coolant flow facilitates removal of chips from the vicinity of the milling insert-chip interface and avoids chip recutting.

  Referring to FIG. 18, another embodiment redirecting element 300 is shown in combination with a milling insert 190. The direction changing element 300 of this embodiment is the same as the direction changing element 250 of the previous embodiment, except that the left and right orientations of the direction changing element 304 are different. In this regard, the direction changing element 300 is a right-handed direction changing element, and the direction changing element 250 is a left-handed direction changing element.

  As with the embodiment of FIG. 17, the milling insert assembly 150 can selectively direct coolant to a selected cutting edge that engages the workpiece. This is done by rotating the diverting element to a selected position relative to the engaging cutting edge. As shown in FIG. 18, the redirecting element 300 is positioned so that its flange 302 is collinear with the cutting edge 244 of the milling insert 190. When in this position, the coolant will move toward the cutting edge 244 as described above and flow out to the bottom of the cutting edge 244. Prior to indexing operation of the milling insert 190, the direction change element 300 is rotated in the same manner as described above with respect to the direction change element 250 so that the flange 302 is collinear with the new cutting edge. Thus, it can be appreciated that the ability to selectively position the redirecting element 300 enhances the ability of the milling insert assembly to supply coolant to the newly selected cutting edge during a milling operation. When in this state, coolant will be supplied below the new cutting edge.

  FIG. 19 illustrates yet another special embodiment redirecting element 304. The structure of this embodiment conforms to the outer shape of the redirecting element 250, except that the flange 306 does not have an extended portion. As a result, when the diverting element 304 is attached to the milling insert, the coolant flow flows over the entire surface of the flange and is not directional as in the diverting element 250 and diverting element 300.

  20-22 illustrate a milling insert assembly 320 that includes a milling insert 190, a diverting element 250, and a clamp 290 similar to those described above. However, the shim 322 differs in that it includes a central coolant hole 324 in the bottom surface without having an elongated slot at the peripheral edge. As shown in FIG. 20, the pocket portion generally has a coolant channel 316 on an upright seat surface. The coolant flows out of the coolant channel 316 as indicated by an arrow “K” in FIG.

  When the milling insert assembly is installed in the pocket, the central coolant hole 324 is concentric with the coolant flow path 316. 21 and 22 illustrate the flow of coolant directly into the central coolant hole 324 and then into the milling insert-direction element assembly in the manner described above. The coolant further flows through the milling insert 190 in a manner similar to that described above. FIG. 20 represents the coolant flowing out from the milling insert with an arrow “L”.

  FIG. 23 shows a milling insert 330 according to another embodiment. In this milling insert 330, two individual depressions 332, 334 correspond to a single cutting edge (or cutting site) 336. In this case, the two individual depressions have a somewhat different geometric shape than the individual depressions of the milling insert 190. Although this geometry is different from that of the milling insert 190, the individual depressions (332, 334) in the milling insert 330 also function to facilitate efficient delivery of coolant flow toward the cutting edge 336. To do. Thereby, the coolant flow in the individual depressions in the radially outward direction is concentrated towards the radially outer part of the individual depressions. Referring to the other cutting edges of the milling insert 330, two individual depressions 332A, 334A correspond to the cutting edge (or cutting site) 336A, and two individual depressions 332B, 334B correspond to the cutting edge (or cutting site) 336B. And two individual depressions 332C and 334CA correspond to the cutting edge (or cutting part) 336C.

  It should be understood that the individual depressions (332, 334) are sufficiently narrow so that the coolant trough of the corresponding turning element can encompass both individual depressions. By doing so, when both individual depressions (332, 334) and coolant troughs are assembled together, as with the milling insert (190) -direction changing element (250) assembly, the direction changing element Forming a fluid-insulated conduit based on the formation of a fluid tight seal between the milling insert and the milling insert.

ケナメタル（Ｋｅｎｎａｍｅｔａｌ）の等級Ｋ３２２は、炭化タングステン−コバルト系のフライスグレード（ｍｉｌｌｉｎｇ ｇｒａｄｅ）であり、約９．７５重量％のコバルトと、粒径１〜６ミクロンの残余の炭化タングステンとを、一般に認められている不純物と共に含む。Ｋ３２２等級は、ロックウェルＡスケールにおける約９０．８の公称硬度と、約１８０〜約２２０エルステッドの磁気飽和値とを有する。 Tests were conducted to demonstrate the performance of the particular embodiment of the milling assembly. In this case, a 100 mm diameter milling cutter fabricated according to the particular embodiment of FIG. 1 was used to mill an annealing block of Ti-6AL-4V titanium alloy having a width of 7.62 cm and a length of 25.4 cm. Test milling was performed by straddle milling where the center of the milling assembly was concentric with the center of the workpiece. The metal cutting conditions are listed in Table 1 below.

Kennametal grade K322 is a tungsten carbide-cobalt milling grade that generally recognizes about 9.75 weight percent cobalt and a residual tungsten carbide particle size of 1-6 microns. It is included together with impurities. The K322 grade has a nominal hardness of about 90.8 on the Rockwell A scale and a magnetic saturation value of about 180 to about 220 oersted.

For comparison, the test was performed using the following coolant supply conditions. That is, an overflow coolant system in which the coolant entrains the milling insert and the workpiece, a coolant supply system via the spindle, and a coolant supply system by the milling insert according to the present invention. The test results are shown in Table 2 below. The pressure in the table was measured from the gauge of the pump, and the flow rate was measured by storing it in a 5 gallon bucket for 30 seconds and measuring the amount stored.

  With respect to tool life criteria, optical images were taken at 30X (magnification) after each pass across the block to measure tool wear. The end of tool life was determined when the wear exceeded 0.38 mm at any one of the nose, flank or rake face. As can be seen in Table 2, tool life is reported as the number of passes to reach the wear limit, and tool life is the volume of material removed from the workpiece (cm 3) before the wear limit is reached. And the time taken to reach the wear limit. The results in Table 2 show that when milling a Ti-6Al-4V alloy, the milling insert of the present invention exhibits a tool life that is about four times longer than when using a conventional coolant overflow method. It shows that the tool life is about 2.2 times longer than the case of using the coolant supply system via the spindle.

  The milling assembly 30 has several advantages in that it supplies coolant below the cutting edge at the cutting edge and workpiece interface. As a result, the coolant reduces the negative effects of heat generated at the milling insert-workpiece interface. As yet another result, the presence of coolant improves lubrication at the milling insert-chip interface and avoids or reduces build-up of workpiece material on the milling insert. Furthermore, the coolant flow facilitates removal of chips from the vicinity of the milling insert-chip interface and avoids chip recutting.

  The present invention provides a milling and milling insert for use in chip formation and material removal operations, wherein the supply of coolant to the interface between the milling insert and the workpiece is improved. it is obvious. There are several advantages as a result of improved coolant supply.

  In this regard, the present invention is a milling and milling insert for use in chip formation and material removal operations, and coolant to the interface between the milling insert and the workpiece (ie, the chip generation site on the workpiece). Milling cutters and milling inserts with improved supply. As a result, the coolant reduces the negative effects of heat generated at the milling insert-workpiece interface. As yet another result, the presence of coolant improves lubrication at the milling insert-chip interface and avoids or reduces build-up of workpiece material on the milling insert. Furthermore, the coolant flow facilitates removal of chips from the vicinity of the milling insert-chip interface and avoids chip recutting.

  The patents and other literature materials identified herein are hereby incorporated by reference. Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon review of this specification or the practice of the invention disclosed herein. The specification and examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The true scope and spirit of the invention is indicated by the following claims.

Claims (13)

A cutting insert that is used for chip formation and material removal and is accommodated in a pocket portion of a cutter body, and coolant is allowed to flow out from a pocket portion opening included in the pocket portion to the cutting insert. Yes,
A cutting insert comprising a cutting insert body having at least one cutting site,
The cutting insert body is a coolant inflow channel disposed concentrically with the pocket opening, and includes a coolant inflow channel through which coolant flows; and
The cutting insert body has a rake face, the rake face including at least one individual depression in communication with the coolant inflow channel, the individual depression corresponding to the cutting site and the individual depression. Extends toward the corresponding cutting site,
Each of the individual depressions has a depth with respect to the rake face and a width that is coplanar with the rake face, the depth and the width decreasing radially outwardly, A cutting insert in which the coolant flow in the individual depressions is concentrated towards the radially outer part of the individual depressions.   The cutting insert body has at least two cutting sites, the rake face includes at least two individual recesses, each of the individual recesses corresponding to one of the cutting sites, and the individual recesses are The cutting insert according to claim 1, each extending towards its corresponding cutting site.   The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the cutting insert body has at least two cutting sites and the individual depressions correspond to and extend toward one of the cutting sites.   The cutting insert body has a plurality of cutting parts, the rake face includes a plurality of individual depressions, each of the individual depressions corresponds to one of the cutting parts, and the individual depressions are respectively The cutting insert according to claim 1, extending toward its corresponding cutting site.   The individual recess has a radially outer end adjacent to the cutting site so that coolant flows out of the individual recess below the cutting site and toward the cutting site. The cutting insert according to claim 1, which is sprayed upward.   The cutting insert body further includes a bottom surface and a surrounding flank surface, the cutting insert body has a recess surrounding the coolant inflow channel in the rake face, and the individual recesses are respectively the coolant. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the cutting insert intersects the recess so as to communicate with an inflow channel.   The individual recesses each have a radially inner portion and a radially outer portion, the radially inner portion intersecting the recess and the radially outer portion corresponding to the cutting site. The cutting insert according to claim 6, which is adjacent to the part.   The end of the radially outer portion of each of the individual recesses is at a position radially inward of the corresponding portion of the cutting site, and the rake face for each of the individual recesses The cutting insert according to claim 7, wherein a peripheral portion of each separates a radially outer portion of the individual depression from a corresponding portion of the cutting portion.   The cutting insert according to claim 6, wherein the cutting sites each include a separate cutting edge formed at an intersection of the rake face and the surrounding flank face.   The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein each individual recess has a volume, and the volume of each recess decreases in a radially outward direction.   Cutting according to claim 1, wherein the cutting insert body is manufactured by powder metallurgy technology and the cutting insert body comprises one material selected from the group consisting of tool steel, cemented carbide, cermet and ceramic. insert.   The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein the cutting insert body is coated with one or more coating layers. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein at least two of the individual depressions correspond to the same one cutting site.

Images