JP2015027963A - 炭化水素合成用の反応器 - Google Patents
炭化水素合成用の反応器 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 64
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000414 obstructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/20—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium
- B01J8/22—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles with liquid as a fluidising medium gas being introduced into the liquid
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- B01J4/00—Feed or outlet devices; Feed or outlet control devices
- B01J4/001—Feed or outlet devices as such, e.g. feeding tubes
- B01J4/004—Sparger-type elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
- B01J8/1818—Feeding of the fluidising gas
- B01J8/1827—Feeding of the fluidising gas the fluidising gas being a reactant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
- C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
- C10G2/34—Apparatus, reactors
- C10G2/342—Apparatus, reactors with moving solid catalysts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
- C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
- C10G2/34—Apparatus, reactors
- C10G2/342—Apparatus, reactors with moving solid catalysts
- C10G2/343—Apparatus, reactors with moving solid catalysts according to the "moving-bed" method
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
- C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
- C10G2/34—Apparatus, reactors
- C10G2/342—Apparatus, reactors with moving solid catalysts
- C10G2/344—Apparatus, reactors with moving solid catalysts according to the "fluidised-bed" technique
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00796—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material
- B01J2208/00893—Feeding means for the reactants
- B01J2208/00902—Nozzle-type feeding elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00796—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material
- B01J2208/00893—Feeding means for the reactants
- B01J2208/00911—Sparger-type feeding elements
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- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
即ち、本発明に係る炭化水素合成用の反応器は、一酸化炭素ガス及び水素ガスを主成分とする合成ガスを、液体炭化水素中に固体の触媒を懸濁させてなるスラリーに接触させてフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成反応により炭化水素を合成する炭化水素合成用の反応器であって、軸線を中心とした筒状をなし、内部に前記スラリーを封入した反応器本体と、前記反応器本体内に前記合成ガスを取り込むガス供給管と、前記反応器本体内の下部に配されて前記ガス供給管に連通し、前記合成ガスを噴き出すスパージャー部と、を備え、前記スパージャー部は、第一の方向に互いに離間して複数の開口部が形成され、該開口部から前記合成ガスを噴き出すヘッダー管と、前記複数の開口部を前記第一の方向に直交する方向の両側から挟み込むように、前記ヘッダー管から突出して設けられた一対の壁面部と、を有することを特徴とする。
反応器1は、天然ガス等の炭化水素原料を液体燃料に転換するGTLプロセスを実行するプラント設備に用いられる気泡塔型スラリー床反応器である。
そして、この反応器1では、炭化水素原料である天然ガスを改質して製造される一酸化炭素ガスと水素ガスを含む合成ガスGから、FT合成反応により液体炭化水素を合成する。なお、このようにFT合成反応により合成された液体炭化水素が水素化・精製されて、液体燃料(主として灯油、軽油)の基材が製造される。
図2から図5に示すように、スパージャー部5は、連結管11の鉛直管13に連通して軸線Oを中心とした環状をなす複数のヘッダー管15と、ヘッダー管15に設けられたシュラウド17とを有している。
ここで、プラント設備の運転開始時には、合成ガスGの噴き出し時のエネルギーは定常運転時に比べて小さくなっていることから、このようにシュラウド17を設けることで、過度に合成ガスGの噴き出し時のエネルギーを低減してしまうことがなく、効果的に合成ガスGの噴き出しの際の勢いの低減が可能となる。
例えば、図9に示すように、ヘッダー管がいわゆる櫛形構造となっている場合にも、上述のシュラウド17(17A、17B)を適用することが可能である。
そして、これらヘッダー管15Cの各々には、図10に示すように、下方に向かって開口する開口部16が、ヘッダー管15Cの延びる方向(第一の方向)の全域にわたって、この方向に互いに間隔をあけて複数形成されている。
さらに、水平管12の延在方向の両側から開口部16を挟みこむように、ヘッダー管15Cから下方に突出してシュラウド17Cの板状部18Cが設けられている。
Claims (6)
- 一酸化炭素ガス及び水素ガスを主成分とする合成ガスを、液体炭化水素中に固体の触媒を懸濁させてなるスラリーに接触させてフィッシャー・トロプシュ合成反応により炭化水素を合成する炭化水素合成用の反応器であって、
軸線を中心とした筒状をなし、内部に前記スラリーを封入した反応器本体と、
前記反応器本体内に前記合成ガスを取り込むガス供給管と、
前記反応器本体内の下部に配されて前記ガス供給管に連通し、前記合成ガスを噴き出すスパージャー部と、
を備え、
前記スパージャー部は、
第一の方向に互いに離間して複数の開口部が形成され、該開口部から前記合成ガスを噴き出すヘッダー管と、
前記複数の開口部を前記第一の方向に直交する方向の両側から挟み込むように、前記ヘッダー管から突出して設けられた一対の壁面部と、
を有することを特徴とする炭化水素合成用の反応器。 - 前記ヘッダー管は、前記軸線を中心とした環状をなして同心円状に複数設けられ、
前記複数の開口部は、下方に向かって開口するとともに、前記第一の方向として前記軸線の周方向に間隔をあけて複数の前記ヘッダー管の各々に形成され、
前記一対の壁面部は、前記ヘッダー管から下方に突出して設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の炭化水素合成用の反応器。 - 前記ヘッダー管は、前記軸線に直交する水平方向に延在して、互いに離間して平行に複数設けられ、
前記複数の開口部は、下方に向かって開口するとともに、前記第一の方向として前記ヘッダー管の延在方向に間隔をあけて形成され、
前記一対の壁面部は、前記ヘッダー管の各々から下方に突出して設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の炭化水素合成用の反応器。 - 前記一対の壁面部は、前記開口部の開口径に対する該一対の壁面部同士の離間距離の比が1〜8となるように、かつ、前記開口径に対する該一対の壁面部の突出高さの比が4〜10となるように設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の炭化水素合成用の反応器。
- 前記ヘッダー管における前記開口部の開口径は5mmに形成され、
前記一対の壁面部は、該一対の壁面部同士の離間距離が5mm〜40mmとなるように、かつ、前記一対の壁面部の突出高さが20mm〜50mmとなるように設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の炭化水素合成用の反応器。 - 前記一対の壁面部は、該一対の壁面部同士の離間距離に対する該一対の壁面部の突出高さの比が2.5以上となるように設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の炭化水素合成用の反応器。
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JP2013157820A JP6145348B2 (ja) | 2013-07-30 | 2013-07-30 | 炭化水素合成用の反応器 |
AU2014297501A AU2014297501B2 (en) | 2013-07-30 | 2014-07-15 | Reactor for hydrocarbon synthesis |
US14/908,044 US9687805B2 (en) | 2013-07-30 | 2014-07-15 | Reactor for hydrocarbon synthesis |
AP2016009024A AP2016009024A0 (en) | 2013-07-30 | 2014-07-15 | Reactor for hydrocarbon synthesis |
PCT/JP2014/068802 WO2015016060A1 (ja) | 2013-07-30 | 2014-07-15 | 炭化水素合成用の反応器 |
CA2918676A CA2918676C (en) | 2013-07-30 | 2014-07-15 | Reactor for hydrocarbon synthesis |
EA201690266A EA032167B1 (ru) | 2013-07-30 | 2014-07-15 | Реактор для синтеза углеводородов |
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JP2013157820A JP6145348B2 (ja) | 2013-07-30 | 2013-07-30 | 炭化水素合成用の反応器 |
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US (1) | US9687805B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6145348B2 (ja) |
AP (1) | AP2016009024A0 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2014297501B2 (ja) |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2016188296A (ja) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-11-04 | 株式会社クボタ | 気泡塔型スラリー床反応装置 |
JP2020517424A (ja) * | 2017-04-27 | 2020-06-18 | 中国科学院大▲連▼化学物理研究所Dalian Institute Of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy Of Sciences | 流動床のガス分配器、それを用いた反応器及びパラキシレンを生産し低級オレフィンを併産する方法 |
US11072571B2 (en) | 2017-04-27 | 2021-07-27 | Dalian Institute Of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Fluidized bed reactor and method for producing para-xylene and co-producing light olefins from benzene and methanol and/or dimethyl ether |
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KR20220037214A (ko) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-03-24 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 스파저 및 이를 포함하는 반응기 |
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- 2013-07-30 JP JP2013157820A patent/JP6145348B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2014-07-15 CA CA2918676A patent/CA2918676C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-07-15 EA EA201690266A patent/EA032167B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2014-07-15 AU AU2014297501A patent/AU2014297501B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2014-07-15 US US14/908,044 patent/US9687805B2/en active Active
- 2014-07-15 WO PCT/JP2014/068802 patent/WO2015016060A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2014-07-15 AP AP2016009024A patent/AP2016009024A0/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
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US20030195264A1 (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2003-10-16 | David Newton | Fischer-tropsch process |
JP2007530275A (ja) * | 2004-04-02 | 2007-11-01 | スタトイル・エーエスエー | スラリー気泡塔の反応器 |
JP2007197405A (ja) * | 2006-01-30 | 2007-08-09 | Nippon Steel Engineering Co Ltd | 気泡塔型炭化水素合成反応器 |
WO2010038395A1 (ja) * | 2008-09-30 | 2010-04-08 | 独立行政法人石油天然ガス・金属鉱物資源機構 | 液体燃料合成方法及び液体燃料合成装置 |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2016188296A (ja) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-11-04 | 株式会社クボタ | 気泡塔型スラリー床反応装置 |
JP2020517424A (ja) * | 2017-04-27 | 2020-06-18 | 中国科学院大▲連▼化学物理研究所Dalian Institute Of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy Of Sciences | 流動床のガス分配器、それを用いた反応器及びパラキシレンを生産し低級オレフィンを併産する方法 |
US10967350B2 (en) | 2017-04-27 | 2021-04-06 | Dalian Institute Of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Fluidized bed gas distributor, reactor using fluidized bed gas distributor, and method for producing para-xylene and co-producing light olefins |
US11072571B2 (en) | 2017-04-27 | 2021-07-27 | Dalian Institute Of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy Of Sciences | Fluidized bed reactor and method for producing para-xylene and co-producing light olefins from benzene and methanol and/or dimethyl ether |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2918676A1 (en) | 2015-02-05 |
AP2016009024A0 (en) | 2016-02-29 |
EA032167B1 (ru) | 2019-04-30 |
WO2015016060A1 (ja) | 2015-02-05 |
US9687805B2 (en) | 2017-06-27 |
EA201690266A1 (ru) | 2016-06-30 |
CA2918676C (en) | 2018-07-17 |
AU2014297501A1 (en) | 2016-02-18 |
US20160160129A1 (en) | 2016-06-09 |
AU2014297501B2 (en) | 2017-09-07 |
JP6145348B2 (ja) | 2017-06-07 |
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