JP2015020166A - ディーゼルエンジン排気ガス中の窒素酸化物を減少させる方法と、この方法を実施するための排気ガス後処理システム - Google Patents
ディーゼルエンジン排気ガス中の窒素酸化物を減少させる方法と、この方法を実施するための排気ガス後処理システム Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 135
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 34
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
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- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 zeolite compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 241000269350 Anura Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102100040160 Rabankyrin-5 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710086049 Rabankyrin-5 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003878 thermal aging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
- B01D53/9454—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2570/18—Ammonia
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1616—NH3-slip from catalyst
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract
【解決手段】エンジンの排気ガスライン中に、排気ガスの流れ方向に沿って、第1のSCR触媒3、触媒活性化微粒子フィルタ(cDPF:触媒化ディーゼル微粒子除去装置)、第2のSCR触媒5およびアンモニアスリップ触媒(ASC)を配置し、各SCR触媒の前にアンモニアまたは運転条件下でアンモニアを遊離、分解する前駆体化合物を添加する。
【選択図】図1
Description
(a)浄化すべき排気ガス中にアンモニアまたは運転条件下にアンモニアを遊離し、分解する前駆体化合物を添加する段階、
(b)段階(a)から得られる排気ガスを、第1のSCR触媒の前の排気ガス中に存在する窒素酸化物の50%以下または最大で50%を窒素に転化するように作用する条件下で第1のSCR触媒に通す段階、
(c)段階(b)から得られる排気ガスを、触媒活性化微粒子フィルタに通してカーボン微粒子を微粒子フィルタに集め且つ少なくとも部分的に排気ガス中に含まれるNO2および/またはO2によって酸化させる段階、
(d)段階(c)から得られる排気ガスにアンモニアまたは運転条件下にアンモニアを遊離し、分解する前駆体化合物を添加する段階、
(e)段階(d)から得られる排気ガスを、第2のSCR触媒の前の排気ガス中に存在する窒素酸化物ができるだけ完全に窒素に転化されるように作用する条件下で、第2のSCR触媒に通す段階。
(a)アンモニアまたは運転条件下でアンモニアを遊離し、分解する前駆体化合物を添加するための第1装置、
(b)第1のSCR触媒、
(c)触媒活性化微粒子フィルタ、
(d)アンモニアまたは運転条件下でアンモニアを遊離し、分解する前駆体化合物を添加するための第2装置、
(e)第2のSCR触媒。
実施例1
この第1のSCRを通過した後に、壁流フィルタ基材を含む触媒活性化微粒子フィルタ(4)中に排気ガスを通す。この場合、流入路と流出路との間の壁に触媒活性化成分として2gの白金を含む酸化触媒活性化被膜を付けた。
実施例2
別の試みとして実施例1のシステムを以下のように変更した。
実施例3
上記実施例1、2と同様に、この実施例の排気ガス最終パイプの排気ガスの測定結果は実施例1で述べた放出規制値を確実に遵守することができることを示した。さらに、この実施例システムは実施例2に比べて「バランスポイント温度」がさらに下がることを示した。さらに、排気ガス最終パイプで実際に測定されたCOおよびHCの残留放出量は実施例1および実施例2より少なかった。
2a 尿素水溶液(HWL)
3 第1のSCR触媒
4 微粒子フィルタ
5 第2のSCR触媒
7 別の触媒活性化微粒子フィルタ
Claims (15)
- 排気ガスの流れ方向に下記(a)〜(e)の段階を含むことを特徴とする、炭化水素、一酸化炭素、カーボン微粒子およびNOとNO2を含む窒素酸化物を含むディーゼルエンジンの排気ガスを浄化する方法:
(a)浄化すべき排気ガス中に、アンモニアまたは運転条件下でアンモニアを遊離、分解する前駆体化合物を添加する段階、
(b)段階(a)で得られた排気ガスを第1の尿素選択接触還元(selective catalytic reduction、SCR)触媒に通す段階であって、上記排気ガスをこの第1のSCR触媒前の排気ガス中に存在する窒素酸化物の50%以下または最大で50%を窒素に転化するような条件下で第1のSCR触媒に通す段階、
(c)段階(b)で得られた排気ガスを触媒活性化微粒子フィルタ(katalytisch aktiviertes Partikelfilter)に通してカーボン微粒子を微粒子フィルタで捕集し且つ排気ガスに含まれるNO2および/またはO2によって少なくとも部分的に酸化させる段階、
(d)段階(c)で得られた排気ガス中にアンモニアまたは運転条件下でアンモニアを遊離、分解する前駆体化合物を添加する段階、
(e)段階(d)で得られた排気ガスを第2のSCR触媒に通す段階であって、上記排気ガスをこの第2のSCR触媒の前の排気ガス中に存在する窒素酸化物ができるだけ完全に窒素に転化されるような条件下で第2のSCR触媒に通す段階。 - 排気ガス中に含まれる炭化水素と一酸化炭素の少なくとも一部が第1のSCR触媒によってCOおよび/またはCO2に転化され請求項1に記載の方法。
- 排気ガス由来および/またはカーボン微粒子の酸化反応由来の炭化水素および/または一酸化炭素の少なくとも一部が上記触媒活性化微粒子フィルタでCO2に酸化される請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 排気ガスに由来する、および/またはNO2によるカーボン微粒子の酸化反応に由来するNOの少なくとも一部が上記触媒活性化微粒子フィルタでNO2へ酸化されて、段階(c)で得られる排気ガス中のNO2/NOx比が0.3から0.8になる請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 段階(e)で得られる排気ガスをアンモニアが少なくとも部分的に窒素に酸化されるような条件下でアンモニア酸化触媒に通す請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 段階(b)で得られる排気ガスを、上記触媒活性化微粒子フィルタに入る前に、ディーゼル酸化触媒に通して、排気ガス中に含まれる炭化水素および一酸化炭素の少なくとも一部をCO2へ酸化し、排気ガス中に含まれるNOの少なくとも一部をNO2へ酸化する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 排気ガスの流れ方向に下記(a)〜(e)を下記の順番で有する請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法を実施するための排気ガス後処理システム:
(a)アンモニアまたは運転条件下でアンモニアを遊離、分解する前駆体化合物を添加するための第1装置、
(b)第1の尿素選択接触還元(selective catalytic reduction、SCR)触媒、
(c)触媒活性化微粒子フィルタ(katalytisch aktiviertes Partikelfilter)、
(d)アンモニアまたは運転条件下でアンモニアを遊離、分解する前駆体化合物を添加するための第2装置、
(e)第2のSCR触媒。 - 第1のSCR触媒が酸化バナジウム、酸化チタン、酸化タングステン、酸化セリウム、酸化ランタン、酸化鉄、酸化アルミニウムによって構成される群の中から選択される1つまたは複数の化合物を含む請求項2に記載の方法を実施するための排気ガス後処理システム。
- 触媒活性化微粒子フィルタが白金、パラジウム、ロジウムによって構成される群の中から選択される1つまたは複数の貴金属を含む酸化触媒活性化被膜を含む壁流フィルタ基材を含む請求項3または4に記載の方法を実施するための排気ガス後処理システム。
- 上記の酸化触媒被膜が流入路と流出路との間の壁流フィルタ基材のチャネル壁を構成する請求項9に記載の排気ガス後処理システム。
- 触媒活性化微粒子フィルタが、流入路において上記チャネル壁上に塗布された流入側被膜ゾーンをさらに有し、この流入側被膜ゾーンは触媒活性化微粒子フィルの長さの10〜50%に渡って延び且つ白金、パラジウム、ロジウムによって構成される群の中から選択される1つまたは複数の貴金属を含む別の酸化触媒活性化被膜を含む請求項10に記載の排気ガス後処理システム。
- 上記アンモニア酸化触媒を第2のSCR触媒の流出側に配置する請求項5に記載の方法を実施するための排気ガス後処理システム。
- 第2のSCR触媒に流出側被膜ゾーンとしてアンモニアスリップ触媒を配置する請求項12に記載の排気ガス後処理システム。
- ディーゼル酸化触媒を第1のSCR触媒と触媒活性化微粒子フィルタとの間に配置する請求項6に記載の方法を実施するための排気ガス後処理システム。
- 第1のSCR触媒に流出側被膜ゾーンとしてディーゼル酸化触媒を配置する請求項14に記載の排気ガス後処理システム。
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