JP2015016485A - Laser cutting device and laser cutting method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a laser cutting device which is formed into a structure where a pin support of a work table is not disposed immediately below a material to be cut when the material is cut by a laser and thereby reduces the occurence of quality defects caused by burn of the material.SOLUTION: A laser cutting device of the invention includes: a work table 2; a laser head 1 which is held by the work table 2 and may move in an X direction and a Y direction facing the work table 2; a Y direction LM rail 9; a Y direction driving base 5 which slides on the Y direction LM rail 9 in the Y direction; Y axis driving means which drives the Y direction driving base 5 in the Y direction; an X direction LM rail 7 which is provided on the Y direction driving base 5 in an X axis direction; an X direction driving base 4 which slides on the X direction LM rail 7 in the X direction; X axis driving means which drives the X direction driving base 4 in the X axis direction; and a pin support 3 provided on the X direction driving base 4.

Description

  In the material fixing / head XY moving system in which the material to be cut is fixed and the laser head is moved, the present invention is a laser that does not cause poor quality of burning and scorching of the material placed on the work table when laser cutting the material. The present invention relates to a cutting device and a laser cutting method of a material using the laser cutting device.

  Laser cutting is one of the material cutting methods, and there are the material fixing / head XY moving method described above and the material Y moving / head X moving method in which the material is moved in the Y direction and the laser head is moved in the X direction.

  In the case of the material Y movement / head X movement method, if the entire product shape is cut, the cut portion is separated from the raw material and left behind. For this reason, there is a problem that the product must be cut while leaving an uncut portion in a part of the product shape and removed in a subsequent process.

  In the case of the material fixing / head XY movement method, since the material is not moved, the entire product shape can be cut. However, when the material to be cut is a wood-based material, when cutting the material directly above Kureyama, which is a metal material support, using this method, a part of the sword is melted by the laser and metal vapor adheres to the material. In addition, there is a problem that a laser beam is reflected on the metal surface, resulting in poor quality such as burning and scorching of the material. Kenyama is generally a metal material support, but other materials may be used.

  For example, in patent document 1, it describes about the work table of the laser cutting apparatus comprised by the removable sword mountain.

JP 2000-343266 A

  In such a work table, when the cutting position and the sword mountain position overlap, it is necessary to remove the sword mountain, the support pitch of the material to be cut becomes longer, and the assist gas jets from the same axis as the laser during laser cutting. As a result, flapping of the material occurs, resulting in poor cutting. Moreover, since the worker removes the sword mountain position, the production capacity is significantly reduced.

  Therefore, the present invention reduces the occurrence of poor quality due to burning and scorching of the material by adopting a configuration in which the sword mountain of the work table is not arranged directly under the material to be cut when laser cutting the material. An object of the present invention is to provide a laser cutting device that can be used.

  The laser cutting device according to the present invention includes a work table for placing materials, a laser head held on the work table and movable in the X and Y directions facing the work table, and a Y installed on the work table. Two Y-direction LM rails provided in parallel in the axial direction; a Y-direction drive base that slides in the Y-direction on the Y-direction LM rail; and a Y-axis drive means that drives the Y-direction drive base in the Y-direction; An X-direction LM rail provided in the X-axis direction on the Y-direction drive base, an X-direction drive base that slides in the X direction on the X-direction LM rail, and an X-axis drive that drives the X-direction drive base in the X-axis direction Drive means and a sword mountain provided on the X-direction drive base.

  According to the laser cutting device of the present invention, since no sword is disposed immediately below the laser cutting position, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of quality defects due to burning and scorching of the material that occurs during laser cutting.

It is a perspective view which shows the laser cutting device by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the work table by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the flowchart and conceptual diagram in the case of cut | disconnecting the material by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the flowchart and conceptual diagram in the case of cut | disconnecting the material by Embodiment 1 of this invention into a some shape. It is a side view which shows the work table comprised with the expansion-contraction arm by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a side view which shows the work table comprised with the raising / lowering sword mountain by Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a flowchart which sets the raising / lowering sword mountain by Embodiment 3 of this invention.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
A laser cutting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a laser cutting device. FIG. 2 is a top view showing the work table.

  The laser cutting device 100 includes a laser head 1 movable in the X direction and the Y direction and a work table 2 for installing a material 16 to be cut. In FIG. 2, the vertical direction is the X direction and the horizontal direction is the Y direction. The work table 2 includes a plurality of X direction drive bases 4 and a plurality of Y direction drive bases 5. Each X-direction drive base 4 is fixed with a sword mountain 3 having a sharp tip and made of metal. A plurality of X-direction drive bases 4 are arranged in each Y-direction drive base 5. The number of sword mountains 3 is determined by the size of the work table 2. Two Y-direction LM rails are provided parallel to the Y-axis direction on the work table.

  On the work table 2, the sword mountain 3 that supports the material 16 is installed on the X-direction drive base 4. The X direction drive base 4 is guided by the Y direction LM rail 7, and the X direction trapezoidal screw 6 connected to the X direction drive base 4 is also connected to the X axis servo motor 8. Therefore, when the servo motor 8 is driven, the X-direction drive base 4 has a structure that can be translated in the X direction. Here, the X-axis servomotor 8 is used as the X-axis drive means, but drive means other than the servomotor may be used.

  In addition, since the tip shape of the sword mountain 3 moves with the material 16 placed thereon, a spherical shape is desirable. A plurality of Kenzans 3 are installed in the X direction according to the table size. When the end X-direction drive base 4a is a right-hand thread, the next-end X-direction drive base 4b is a left-hand thread and the next-end X direction. The drive base 4c has a structure in which a right screw and a right screw and a left screw are alternately switched. By adopting this structure, when the X-axis servomotor 8 is rotated, even when the X-direction trapezoidal screw 6 is driven, the adjacent X-direction drive base 4 approaches or moves away, so that the pitch is constant. It never moves. That is, the adjacent X-direction drive bases 4 move in opposite directions on the X-axis. In this way, the sword mountain 3 to be moved in the X direction can be changed to an arbitrary position.

  A configuration is also conceivable in which servo motors are individually arranged on each X-direction drive base 4 and operated individually, but in this configuration, the number of parts increases and the apparatus becomes complicated. According to the configuration of the laser cutting device of the first embodiment, it is only necessary to operate the pitch between the sword mountains so that the sword mountain 3 does not come directly under the laser cutting position, so the number of parts can be reduced and the device can be simplified. .

  The pitch 15 between the swords is preferably 100 mm or less in order to prevent cutting quality defects due to fluttering of the material 16 generated by assist gas injection during cutting of the material 16. Here, in order to prevent poor quality due to the injection of metal vapor and poor quality such as burning and scorching of the material 16 due to the reflection of laser light, which are generated by irradiating the sword mountain 3 with the laser that has passed through the material 16 during laser cutting. In this case, it is desirable that the distance between the laser cutting position and the sword mountain 3 be 10 mm or more. Therefore, the moving stroke of Kenzan 3 is required to be 10 mm or more. Here, the distance between the laser cutting position and Kenzan 3 is the distance between the outer circumference of Kenzan 3 and the focal point of the laser. In addition, the spot diameter of the laser used for the laser head 1 is about 0.1 mm.

  Next, the Y-direction drive base 5 on which the plurality of X-direction drive bases 4 are arranged is guided by the X-direction LM rail 9 and connected to the Y-direction trapezoidal screw 10. By connecting the Y-direction trapezoidal screw 10 and the Y-axis servo motor 11, the Y-direction drive base 5 has a structure that can move in the Y-direction. Here, the Y-axis servomotor 11 is used as the Y-axis drive means, but drive means other than the servomotor may be used.

  By adopting the above structure, it becomes possible to change the pitch between the sword mountain in the X direction / Y direction as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 to be described later, and the sword mountain 3 is arranged immediately below the cutting position according to the cutting size. It will be possible to move Kenzan 3 so that it will not be.

  According to the laser cutting apparatus of the first embodiment, since the sword mountain 3 is not arranged immediately below the laser cutting position, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of quality defects due to burning and scorching of the material 16 that occurs during laser cutting. I can do it.

  FIG. 3A is a flowchart in the case of cutting the material 16 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG.3 (b) is a conceptual diagram at the time of the laser cutting corresponding to the flowchart which sets the sword mountain position by Embodiment 1 of this invention. In FIG. 3B, the vertical direction is the X direction and the horizontal direction is the Y direction.

  The corner of the material 16 to be cut first is set at the reference position 30 (step ST11). Subsequently, the cutting of the cutting shape (A) 17 is started (step ST12). The shape data of the cutting shape (A) 17 and the sword mountain position data are compared on the software, and it is determined whether or not the cutting position is arranged less than 10 mm in the XY direction from directly above the sword mountain 3 (step ST13). When the distance between the laser cutting position and the sword mountain is 10 mm or more, laser cutting is performed so that the cutting shape (A) 17 is obtained as it is. Here, assuming that the region where the distance between the laser cutting position and the sword mountain is less than 10 mm is the interference position 29, when the laser cutting position is at the interference position 29, the sword mountain 3 is moved so as to be outside the region of the interference position 29 ( Step ST14). Then, after the movement of the sword mountain 3, the laser cutting of the cutting shape (A) 17 is performed (step ST15).

  Next, preparation for cutting the cut shape (B) 18 is started (step ST16), and steps ST13 to ST16 are repeated until all shapes are cut. The above flow chart is constituted by an automatic circuit, and the laser cutting device continues to operate until all the cutting is completed (step ST17).

  By operating the apparatus with this automatic circuit, the position of the sword mountain 3 can be automatically determined and moved, so that productivity can be improved and labor can be saved. Moreover, since this automatic circuit uses general distribution software, it is not necessary to use nesting software that is difficult to modify.

  FIG. 4A is a flowchart in the case of cutting a plurality of shapes from the material 16 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4B is a conceptual diagram when cutting a plurality of shapes from the material 16. In FIG. 4B, the vertical direction is the X direction and the horizontal direction is the Y direction.

  First, the corner of the material 16 is set at the reference position 30 (step ST21). Next, the material 16 for cutting all the products is arranged (step ST22). Thereafter, it is determined whether the distance between the laser cutting position and the sword mountain is 10 mm or more with respect to all the laser cutting positions (step ST23). When the distance between the laser cutting position and the sword mountain is 10 mm or more, laser cutting of all shapes is performed. When the distance between the laser cutting position and the sword mountain is less than 10 mm, only the target sword mountain 3 is moved (step ST24). Thereafter, the material 16 is cut into all shapes (step ST25). If the distance between the laser cutting position and the sword mountain does not become 10 mm or more no matter what position the sword mountain 3 is moved, as shown in the first embodiment, it is arranged for each cutting shape and cutting is performed.

  By adopting the above flow, the movement of the sword mountain 3 is limited to the first time, so that the production capacity can be improved. Further, the cutting can be performed without changing the arrangement of the material 16.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing the work table of the laser cutting device constituted by the telescopic arm 19 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the laser cutting apparatus of the first embodiment, the X-direction trapezoidal screw 6 is used for the X-axis driving means of the sword mountain 3, but in the laser cutting apparatus of the second embodiment, the telescopic arm 19 is provided to the X-axis driving means of the sword mountain 3. Use.

  The sword mountain 3 is installed on the X direction drive base 4, and the X direction drive base 4 is connected to the link mechanism 20 via the Y direction LM rail 7. One end of the link mechanism 20 is connected to the fixed block 21. The other end of the link mechanism 20 is connected to the X-axis servomotor 8 via a screw. With this mechanism, the adjacent X-direction drive bases 4 can expand or contract the X-direction pitch 15 between the sword mountains by one X-axis servomotor 8. Similarly, by connecting the X-direction drive base 4 to the Y-axis servomotor 11 via the link mechanism 20 and the X-direction LM rail 9, one Y-axis servomotor 11 is also used between the swords in the Y-direction. The Y direction pitch 25 can be enlarged or reduced.

  According to the laser cutting device of the second embodiment, the sword mountain 3 can be moved with a small number of parts so that the sword mountain 3 is not arranged immediately below the cutting position in accordance with the shape of cutting the material 16.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 6 is a side view showing a laser cutting device work table constituted by a liftable sword mountain according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

  The sword mountain 3 is installed on the work table 2 via a cylinder 22, and the sword mountain 3 has a structure that can automatically move up and down in the Z direction. Further, the X-direction pitch 15 between the sword mountains and the Y-direction pitch 25 between the sword mountains are 50 mm or less, and even if one sword mountain 3 descends, the support pitch of the material 16 to be cut can be secured to 100 mm or less. . For this reason, even if one sword mountain 3 is lowered in the Z direction, the material 16 can be cut without flapping. Moreover, the ascending / descending distance 23 of Kenzan 3 is 200 mm or more. When the lift distance 23 is less than 200 mm, when the laser beam hits the sword mountain 3, the sword mountain 3 melts even when the laser beam is low in power compared to the iron-based material, such as a wood-based material, even if the focus is deviated. Occurs, resulting in poor quality. In this way, the structure of the sword mountain 3 that can be moved up and down in the Z direction is installed at equal intervals in the X direction / Y direction.

  Then, the flowchart in the case of cutting | disconnecting all shapes using a raising / lowering sword mountain is shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a flowchart for setting up a liftable sword mountain according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

  First, the corner of the material 16 is set at the reference position 30 (step ST31). Next, the material 16 is arrange | positioned on the work table 2 (step ST32). Thereafter, it is determined whether the distance between the laser cutting position and the sword mountain is 10 mm or more with respect to all the laser cutting positions (step ST33). When the distance between the laser cutting position and the sword mountain is 10 mm or more, laser cutting is performed for all cutting shapes. If the distance between the laser cutting position and the sword mountain is less than 10 mm, the target sword mountain 3 is lowered (step ST34). When the first cutting (step ST35) is completed, the second cutting shape is assigned, and the sword mountain 3 is similarly raised and lowered (step ST36). Thereafter, the same flow is repeated until the last cut shape, and all shapes are cut (step ST37).

  The laser cutting apparatus according to the third embodiment can cut the material 16 having a stable quality with a simple apparatus configuration by raising and lowering the sword mountain 3 by using the elevating sword mountain and the sword mountain elevating control flow.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Laser head 2 Work table 3 Kenyama 4 X direction drive base 5 Y direction drive base 6 X direction trapezoidal screw 7 X direction LM rail 8 X axis servo motor 9 Y direction LM rail 10 Y direction trapezoid screw 11 Y axis servo motor 16 Material 19 Telescopic arm 20 Link mechanism 22 Cylinder 29 Interference position

Claims (7)

A work table for installing materials,
A laser head held on the work table and movable in the X direction and the Y direction to face the work table;
A Y-direction LM rail installed on the work table and provided in parallel in the Y-axis direction;
A Y-direction drive base that slides in the Y-direction on the Y-direction LM rail;
Y-axis drive means for driving the Y-direction drive base in the Y-direction;
An X-direction LM rail provided in the X-axis direction on the Y-direction drive base;
An X-direction drive base that slides in the X direction on the X-direction LM rail;
X-axis drive means for driving the X-direction drive base in the X-axis direction;
A laser cutting device comprising a sword mountain provided on the X-direction drive base. The laser cutting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the Y-direction drive base includes X-direction trapezoidal screws that move the adjacent X-direction drive bases in opposite directions. 2. The laser cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the Y-direction drive base includes a link mechanism that expands and contracts the X-direction pitch between the sword mountains between the adjacent X-direction drive bases in the X direction. 4. The laser according to claim 1, wherein the X-axis driving unit or the Y-axis driving unit is a motor, and has an automatic circuit that automatically moves the sword mountain. 5. Cutting device. The automatic circuit is
When the distance between the laser cutting position and the sword mountain is less than a predetermined value,
The laser cutting device according to claim 4, wherein the sword mountain is moved so that the distance is equal to or greater than the predetermined value. A work table for installing materials,
A laser head held on the work table and movable in the X direction and the Y direction to face the work table;
A laser cutting device comprising: a cylinder capable of moving up and down a plurality of sword mountains installed on the work table in the Z direction. A laser cutting method for cutting a wood-based material using the laser cutting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

Images