JP2014508674A - 自動車、自動車を制御する方法及びシステム - Google Patents
自動車、自動車を制御する方法及びシステム Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
- B60K17/348—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having differential means for driving one set of wheels, e.g. the front, at one speed and the other set, e.g. the rear, at a different speed
- B60K17/35—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having differential means for driving one set of wheels, e.g. the front, at one speed and the other set, e.g. the rear, at a different speed including arrangements for suppressing or influencing the power transfer, e.g. viscous clutches
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K23/00—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for
- B60K23/08—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60K23/00—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for
- B60K23/08—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles
- B60K23/0808—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles for varying torque distribution between driven axles, e.g. by transfer clutch
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/12—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of differentials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/12—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of differentials
- B60W10/14—Central differentials for dividing torque between front and rear axles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/12—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of differentials
- B60W10/16—Axle differentials, e.g. for dividing torque between left and right wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/184—Preventing damage resulting from overload or excessive wear of the driveline
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K23/00—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for
- B60K23/08—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles
- B60K23/0808—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles for varying torque distribution between driven axles, e.g. by transfer clutch
- B60K2023/0816—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles for varying torque distribution between driven axles, e.g. by transfer clutch for varying front-rear torque distribution with a central differential
- B60K2023/0833—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles for varying torque distribution between driven axles, e.g. by transfer clutch for varying front-rear torque distribution with a central differential for adding torque to the rear wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K23/00—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for
- B60K23/08—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles
- B60K2023/085—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles automatically actuated
- B60K2023/0858—Arrangement or mounting of control devices for vehicle transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for for changing number of driven wheels, for switching from driving one axle to driving two or more axles automatically actuated with electric means, e.g. electro-hydraulic means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W50/00—Details of control systems for road vehicle drive control not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. process diagnostic or vehicle driver interfaces
- B60W2050/0001—Details of the control system
- B60W2050/0019—Control system elements or transfer functions
- B60W2050/0028—Mathematical models, e.g. for simulation
- B60W2050/0031—Mathematical model of the vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2510/02—Clutches
- B60W2510/0291—Clutch temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/0412—Cooling or heating; Control of temperature
- F16H57/0413—Controlled cooling or heating of lubricant; Temperature control therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/68—Inputs being a function of gearing status
- F16H59/72—Inputs being a function of gearing status dependent on oil characteristics, e.g. temperature, viscosity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Arrangement And Mounting Of Devices That Control Transmission Of Motive Force (AREA)
Abstract
Description
5 動力伝達経路
10 予備動力伝達経路
11 内燃エンジン
12、13 前輪
14、15 後輪
17 クラッチ
18 ギアボックス
19 前方駆動軸
22 動力分配(伝達)クラッチ(PTC)
23 支持軸
24 出力伝達ユニット(PTU)
26 後方駆動軸
27 クラッチ
30 後方差動装置
40 コントローラ
42 温度センサー
Claims (24)
- 自動車であって、
原動機と、
一つ又は複数の車輪からなる第1群及び第2群と、
動力伝達経路が第1運転モードにある場合、一つ又は複数の車輪からなる第1群が原動機によって駆動され得、かつ第2群は原動機によって駆動されず、動力伝達経路が第2運転モードにある場合、一つ又は複数の車輪からなる第1群及び第2群の両方が原動機によって駆動され得るように、一つ又は複数の車輪からなる第1群及び第2群に原動機を接続する動力伝達経路とを備え、
前記動力伝達経路は、第1解放可能トルク伝達手段と、支持軸と、第2解放可能トルク伝達手段とを備える予備部分を含み、第1解放可能トルク伝達手段は、支持軸の第1端部を原動機に接続するよう動作可能であり、第2解放可能トルク伝達手段は、支持軸の第2端部を一つ又は複数の車輪からなる第2群に接続するように動作可能であり、
該自動車は、前記第1及び第2トルク伝達手段を制御して、動力伝達経路を第1運転モードと第2モードとに切り換えるように動作可能な制御手段を更に備え、第1モードにおいて支持軸が原動機と一つ又は複数の車輪の第2群との両方から切り離され、第1モードにおいて制御手段は、自動車の動作温度に対応する温度パラメータの値に応答して、第1又は第2解放可能トルク伝達手段により原動機と一つ又は複数の車輪からなる第2群とから選択された一つのみに支持軸を自動的に接続するように動作可能である自動車。 - 前記制御手段は、温度パラメータの値が第1閾値未満に低下した時に、原動機と一つ又は複数の車輪からなる第2群とから選択された一つのみに支持軸を自動的に接続するように動作可能である請求項1に記載の自動車。
- 前記制御手段は、温度パラメータの値に応答して、原動機と一つ又は複数の車輪からなる第2群のうちの選択された一つから支持軸を自動的に切り離すように動作可能である請求項1又は2に記載の自動車。
- 前記制御手段は、温度パラメータが第2閾値を超えた時、原動機と一つ又は複数の車輪からなる第2群のうちの選択された一つから支持軸を自動的に切り離すように動作可能である請求項3に記載の自動車。
- 前記第2閾値は第1閾値と実質的に同じである請求項3に従属する請求項4に記載の自動車。
- 第2閾値は前記第1閾値よりも大きい請求項3に従属する請求項4に記載の自動車。
- 前記第1閾値は−25℃から−15℃の範囲にあり、第2閾値は約−15℃〜−10℃の範囲にある請求項6に記載の自動車。
- 前記温度パラメータは、自動車が動作する周囲環境の温度、動力伝達経路の予備部分の構成要素の温度、動力伝達経路の予備部分の流体の温度、動力伝達経路の予備部分の構成要素以外の自動車の構成要素の温度、及び動力伝達経路の予備部分の流体以外の自動車の流体の温度から選択された一つの測定によって決定される請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の自動車。
- 前記温度パラメータは、動力伝達経路の予備部部の流体の温度の測定によって決定され、前記流体は、第1及び第2解放可能トルク伝達手段の一方又は両方の流体である請求項8に記載の自動車。
- 前記温度パラメータは、測定した温度値以外の自動車の一つ又は複数の動作パラメータに少なくとも一部が基づいて決定される請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の自動車。
- 前記第1解放可能トルク伝達手段は、第1クラッチ手段、随意的に湿式クラッチ手段を備え、及び/又は、第2解放可能トルク伝達手段は、第2クラッチ手段、随意的に湿式クラッチ手段を備える請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の自動車。
- 前記動力伝達経路の予備部分は差動歯車構成を備える請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の自動車。
- 前記第2解放可能トルク伝達手段は、前記差動歯車構成と一つ又は複数の車輪からなる第2群との間に設けられる請求項12に記載の自動車。
- 前記第2解放可能トルク伝達手段及び差動歯車構成は、共通のハウジング内に組み込まれる請求項12又は13に記載の自動車。
- 前記差動歯車構成は自走差動歯車構成を含む請求項12〜14のいずれか1項に記載の自動車。
- 前記車輪の第2群は複数の車輪を備え、前記第2解放可能トルク伝達手段は複数のクラッチを備え、各クラッチは、車輪の第2群の前記複数の車輪のそれぞれの異なる一つに動力を伝達するように動作可能である請求項11〜15のいずれか1項に記載の自動車。
- ドライバーが操作可能なスイッチが更に設けられ、これにより、ドライバーは、動力伝達経路の第1運転モード及び第2モードの望ましい一方を選択し得る請求項1〜16のいずれか1項に記載の自動車。
- 前記車輪の第1群は、第1組の車輪を備え、前記第1モードは、前記第1組の車輪が原動機により駆動される運転の二輪駆動モードに対応する請求項1〜17のいずれか1項に記載の自動車。
- 前記車輪の第2群は、第2組の車輪を備え、前記第2運転モードは、運転の四輪駆動モードに対応する請求項1〜18のいずれか1項に記載の自動車。
- 前記車輪の第2群は、第2及び第3組の車輪を備え、前記第2運転モードは、運転の六輪駆動モードに対応する請求項1〜18のいずれか1項に記載の自動車。
- 前記一つ又は複数の車輪からなる第1群及び第2群のうちの少なくとも一方は、複数組の車輪を備える請求項1〜18のいずれか1項に記載の自動車。
- 原動機と一つ又は複数の車輪からなる第1群及び第2群とを有する自動車の動力伝達経路の温度を制御する方法であって、前記動力伝達経路は、一つ又は複数の車輪からなる第1群及び第2群に原動機を接続するように動作可能であり、
該方法は、動力伝達経路が第1運転モードにある場合、原動機により一つ又は複数の車輪からなる第1群を駆動し、かつ第2群を駆動しない工程と、動力伝達経路が第2運転モードにある場合、動力伝達経路の予備部分を介して一つ又は複数の車輪からなる第1群及び第2群を駆動する工程とを含み、予備部分により一つ又は複数の車輪からなる第2群を駆動する前記工程は、第1解放可能トルク伝達手段及び第2解放可能トルク伝達手段それぞれにより、予備部分の支持軸を原動機に及び一つ又は複数の車輪の第2群に接続する工程を含み、
動力伝達経路が前記第1モードにある場合、該方法は、自動車の動作温度に応答して、第1又は第2解放可能トルク伝達手段の一方により、原動機と一つ又は複数の車輪からなる第2群とから選択された一つのみに支持軸を接続する工程を含む方法。 - 原動機と、少なくとも一組の後輪と、原動機を後輪に接続するための支持軸と、原動機に及び後輪に支持軸をそれぞれ接続するための第1連結手段及び第2連結手段とを有する自動車のためのシステムであって、
該システムは、所定の温度未満となった自動車の動作温度に応答して、前記第1及び第2連結手段の少なくとも一方を制御して、原動機及び後輪の少なくとも一方に支持軸を接続するように構成された制御手段を備えるシステム。 - 付随図面に関連して実質的に上述された自動車又は方法。
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PCT/EP2012/052848 WO2012110656A1 (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2012-02-20 | Vehicle, and method and system of controlling a vehicle |
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