JP2014507548A - エチレン系重合反応中に使用される溶媒を再循環するための方法およびそのためのシステム - Google Patents
エチレン系重合反応中に使用される溶媒を再循環するための方法およびそのためのシステム Download PDFInfo
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- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/02—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of solvents, plasticisers or unreacted monomers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08F2/06—Organic solvent
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/02—Ethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
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- C08F6/003—Removal of residual monomers by physical means from polymer solutions, suspensions, dispersions or emulsions without recovery of the polymer therefrom
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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Abstract
Description
用語「エチレン系溶媒重合」は、1つまたは複数の溶媒および配位触媒を利用した重合プロセスを指す。「エチレン系溶媒重合」プロセスは、フリーラジカルベース型、高圧型および気体相型の重合プロセスを除外する。
本発明は、エチレン系重合反応中に使用される溶媒を再循環するための方法およびそのためのシステムである。
1つまたは複数のループ反応器、等温反応器、およびそれらの組合せを用いた任意の従来の溶液−相重合プロセスが、本発明の方法に用いられ得る。このような溶液重合プロセスの一例は、WO97/036942に見出すことができる。溶液重合条件は、反応の各成分のための溶媒を利用する。好ましい溶媒は、鉱物油と、反応温度において液体である様々な炭化水素とを含み、有用な溶媒の説明用の例は、ペンタン、イソペンタン、ヘキサン、ヘプタン、オクタンおよびノナン等のアルカン、ならびに、ケロシンおよびExxon Chemicals Inc.から入手可能なISOPAR Eを含むアルカンの混合物と、シクロペンタンおよびシクロヘキサン等のシクロアルカンと、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、エチルベンゼンおよびジエチルベンゼン等の芳香族化合物とを含む。溶媒は、反応器内での相分離を阻止するのに十分な量で存在する。溶媒は熱を吸収するように機能するため、溶媒をより少なくすると、反応器の断熱性がより小さくなることになる。溶媒:エチレンの比率(重量基準)は、典型的には、2.5:1から12:1までになる。
任意の従来のスラリープロセスが、本発明に利用され得る。一般に、スラリープロセスは、不活性炭化水素希釈液により形成された液体相と、(場合によってはLLDPE作製用の)エチレン、水素、およびコモノマーからなる気体相と、それぞれがマイクロ反応器として働く粒子からなる固体相という3つの相を反応混合物中に含む。撹拌タンク(またはオートクレーブ)型反応器および二重管式ループ反応器という2種類の反応器が、スラリー相重合のために最も一般的に使用される。イソブタン等の軽質炭化水素希釈液が、しばしば、ループ反応器を用いたスラリープロセスに用いられ、一方で、n−ヘキサンまたはn−ヘプタン等の重質炭化水素希釈液が、オートクレーブ反応器を用いたスラリープロセスに使用される。様々な触媒システムが、商用スラリープロセスに使用される:最新式チーグラー、チーグラー−ナッタ、クロム、およびメタロセン。スラリー相重合プロセスに有用な例示的な触媒は、WO9719959、US5414180、US5354721、US5543376、およびUS4364855で開示された触媒を含む。スラリープロセスは、典型的には、0℃から、得られたポリマーが不活性重合媒体中に実質的に可溶になる温度の少し下の温度に至るまでの温度を使用する。好ましい温度は、40℃から115℃までである。
チーグラー−ナッタ触媒または幾何拘束型触媒等の分子触媒を利用して本発明の方法で調製することができるエチレン系ポリマー。線形エチレン系ポリマーの例は、高密度ポリエチレン(HDPE)および線形低密度ポリエチレン(LLDPE)を含む。適切なポリオレフィンは、限定されるわけではないが、エチレン/α−オレフィンインターポリマー、エチレンホモポリマー、およびそれらのブレンドを含む。
触媒効率
触媒効率は、使用された活性触媒遷移金属の量当たりで生成されたポリマーの量の物質収支計算の大きさである。
オリゴマー化反応用の吸着剤の触媒的活性を以下のように定量化した。
Claims (18)
- エチレン系重合中に使用される溶媒を再循環するための方法であって、
第1のエチレン系溶媒重合反応器内で使用された溶媒流をオンライン精製床に通して再循環溶媒流を生成するステップであり、前記オンライン精製床に通す前の前記溶媒流が溶媒、エチレン、水素、重合副生成物および任意選択によりコモノマーを含むステップと、
前記オンライン精製床からの前記再循環溶媒流を、第2のエチレン系溶媒重合反応器に送り込むステップと
を含み、前記第2のエチレン系溶媒重合反応器が、前記オンライン精製床を、アルケンに対する低反応性を有する吸着剤を含有する再生済み精製床に交換した後48時間以下の期間にわたって20%以下の触媒効率下落を示す、方法。 - 前記第1のおよび第2のエチエレン(ethyelene)系溶媒重合反応器が同一の反応器である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のおよび第2のエチレン系溶媒重合反応器が相異なる反応器である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記吸着剤がハイブリッドゼオライト/改質アルミナ吸着剤である、前記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記吸着剤がアルミナとのハイブリッドの一般式Nax[(AlO2)x(SiO2)y]・zH2Oを有するアルカリ金属アルミノシリケートを含むアルミナ−ゼオライト複合体である、前記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒効率下落が12%以下である、前記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒効率下落が6%以下である、前記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒エフィセンシー(efficency)下落が2%以下である、前記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のおよび第2のエチレン系溶媒重合反応器のうちの少なくとも1つが配位触媒を含有する、前記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のおよび第2のエチレン系溶媒重合反応器のうちの少なくとも1つがチーグラー−ナッタ触媒を含有する、前記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のおよび第2のエチレン系溶媒重合反応器のうちの少なくとも1つが分子触媒を含有する、前記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記再循環溶媒がステアリン酸カルシウム、ステアリン酸カルシウムの反応副生成物およびそれらの組合せからなる群より選択される成分をさらに含む、前記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記再循環溶媒が天然ハイドロタルサイトまたは合成ハイドロタルサイト型材料 前記ハイドロタルサイト型材料の反応副生成物およびそれらの組合せからなる群より選択される成分をさらに含む、前記請求項のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- エチレン系重合反応中に使用される溶媒を再循環するためのシステムであって、
エチレン系溶媒重合反応器であり、溶媒を利用して、それにより溶媒流を生成するエチレン系溶媒重合反応器と、
オンライン精製床であり、前記溶媒流を受け取るように構成されているオンライン精製床と、
アルケンに対する低反応性を有する吸着剤を含有する再生済み精製床と
を含み、前記オンライン精製床および再生済み精製床が、前記溶媒流を受け取るためのこれらの床間での交換を可能にするように構成されている、システム。 - アルケンに対する低反応性を有する前記吸着剤がアルミナとのハイブリッドの一般式Nax[(AlO2)x(SiO2)y]・zH2Oを有するアルカリ金属アルミノシリケートを含むアルミナ−ゼオライト複合体である、請求項14に記載のシステム。
- 前記エチレン系溶媒重合反応器が溶液重合反応器である、請求項14から請求項15のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- 前記エチレン系溶媒重合反応器がスラリー反応器である、請求項14から請求項16のいずれか一項に記載のシステム。
- 前記溶液重合反応器またはスラリー反応器が並列のもしくは直列の1つもしくは複数のループ反応器、等温反応器、パイプ流反応器、撹拌タンク反応器、バッチ反応器またはそれらの組合せを含む、請求項16から請求項17に記載のシステム。
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