JP2014226061A - Structure for plant cultivation, and related technique of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure for plant cultivation in which aqueous liquid irrigated to mat-like plants growth body is efficiently retained and utilized for growing plants, a laminating plant growth body, and a material for forming a structure for plant cultivation.SOLUTION: Mat-like plants growth bodies Ml in which a diffusion part Mb is laminated on a water-retaining growth part Ma are adjacently arrayed on support bodies R which are adjacently arrayed to form an arrayed growth layer Ll on a lower layer side. Mat-like plants growth bodies Mu in which sides are parallelly shifted are laminated and adjacently arrayed on the layer to form an arrayed growth layer Lu on an upper layer side. By matching positions of fitting holes Rd of the support body R and through holes Mc of the mat-like plants growth bodies Ml, Mu on the upper and lower layers and allowing combining members P to be fitted and inserted downward, the support body R and the upper and the lower mat-like plants growth bodies Ml, Mu are combined to be sandwiched between a base end side outward bulge part and a tip side outward bulge part.

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant cultivation structure, a layered plant growth body, and a plant cultivation structure-forming material.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-230316 describes a technique in which plant cultivation mats formed by laminating and bonding fiber mats on a support portion are adjacently arranged in a plane and used for rooftop greening or the like.

  Although this plant cultivation mat body has water retention, there is a possibility that the proportion of water retained by irrigated water flowing down through the adjacent parts of the plant cultivation mat bodies decreases, and it cannot be used efficiently for plant growth. there were.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-230316

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems existing in the prior art, and is a plant cultivation in which an aqueous liquid irrigated by a mat-like plant growth body can be efficiently retained and used for plant growth. An object of the present invention is to provide a structural body, a layered plant growth body, and a structure forming material for plant cultivation.

  The present invention can be expressed as follows.

(1) A mat-like plant growth body having a water-retaining growth part is a plant cultivation structure comprising a laminate in which a plurality of planar growth layers are arranged adjacently in a plane, and the laminate is laminated vertically.
Among the aqueous liquids irrigated by the mat-like plant growth bodies of the upper aligned growth layer in the laminate, the aqueous liquid flowing down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies of the array growth layers is the A plant cultivation structure characterized by comprising a flow-in prevention portion for preventing further flow down of adjacent portions of mat-like plant growth bodies in the lower array growth layer.

  In a structure for plant cultivation having a laminated body in which a plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other in a planar manner, the mat-like plant in the upper arrangement growth layer in the laminated body Among the water-based liquids irrigated by the growth body, those that flow down the adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies of the array growth layer are the matte plant growth bodies of the array growth layer below the array growth layer. Further downflow of the adjacent portion is prevented by the downflow prevention portion.

  Therefore, the water-based liquid irrigated by the mat-like plant growth body in the upper array growth layer is efficiently retained in the mat-like plant growth body in the lower array growth layer and used for plant growth. obtain.

(2) The above flow prevention part
The adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper array growth layer and the adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the lower array growth layer do not match in the horizontal direction,
Among the water-based liquids irrigated by the mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper array growth layer, the water-based liquids flowing down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the array growth layer are arranged below the array growth layer. The structure for plant cultivation according to the above (1), which prevents further flowing down adjacent portions of mat-like plant growth bodies in the growth layer.

  Since the adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper array growth layer and the adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the lower array growth layer do not match in the horizontal direction, The water irrigated by the mat-like plant growth body passes through the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies of the array growth layer to the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies of the array growth layer below the array growth layer. Direct flow is prevented.

(3) The above flow prevention part
On the adjacent part of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the lower array growth layer, a flow-preventing layer in which the aqueous liquid supplied from the outside easily diffuses in the horizontal direction as compared with the water-retaining growth part of the mat-like plant growth body. By covering both adjacent mat-like plant growth bodies,
Among the water-based liquids irrigated by the mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper array growth layer, the water-based liquids flowing down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the array growth layer are arranged below the array growth layer. Even if it flows down on the run-off prevention layer that covers the adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the growth layer, the water-based liquid further flows down the adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies covered by the run-off prevention layer. The structure for plant cultivation according to the above (1), which prevents the above.

  On the adjacent part of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the lower array growth layer, a flow-preventing layer in which the aqueous liquid supplied from the outside easily diffuses in the horizontal direction as compared with the water-retaining growth part of the mat-like plant growth body. In order to cover the two mat-like plant growth bodies adjacent to each other, the water perfused by the mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper array growth layer in the laminate is adjacent to the mat-like plant growth bodies in the array growth layer. Through the part, it is prevented that it flows down directly to the adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the array growth layer below the array growth layer.

(4) The above flow prevention part
Adjacent mat-like plant growth bodies in the lower array growth layer are adjacent portions where the upward inclined side surface of one adjacent mat-like plant growth body and the downward inclined side surface of the other mat-like plant growth body touch each other vertically. By
Among the water-based liquids irrigated by the mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper array growth layer, the water-based liquids flowing down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the array growth layer are arranged below the array growth layer. The structure for plant cultivation according to the above (1), which prevents further flowing down adjacent portions of mat-like plant growth bodies in the growth layer.

  Among the water-based liquids irrigated by the mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper array growth layer, the water-based liquids flowing down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the array growth layer are arranged below the array growth layer. Even if it flows down to the upper part of the adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the growth layer, the adjacent part is the upward inclined side surface of one adjacent mat-like plant growth body and the downward inclined side surface of the other mat-like plant growth body Since the water-based liquid flowing down to the upper part of the adjacent part is prevented from flowing down the adjacent part between the mat-like plant growth bodies to the lower end as much as possible, the upward inclined side surface is The ratio of water retention by the mat-like plant growth body on the side to have increases.

(5) Among the above mat-like plant growth bodies, at least the mat-like plant growth body of the lower array growth layer has a diffusion part laminated on the water-retaining growth part,
The diffusion part is more easily diffused in the horizontal direction than the water-retaining growth part of the aqueous liquid supplied from the outside,
The plant according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the aqueous liquid supplied to the mat-like plant growth body from above is diffused in the horizontal direction in the diffusion section and then supplied to the water-retaining growth section. Structure for cultivation.

  The aqueous liquid supplied to the mat-like plant growth body of the array growth layer from the upper side to the lower side diffuses in the horizontal direction compared to the water-retaining growth part laminated on the water-retaining growth part of the mat-like plant growth body. In the diffusing part that is easy to do, after diffusing in the horizontal direction, it is supplied to the water-retaining growing part.

  Therefore, among the aqueous liquids irrigated by the mat-like plant growth bodies of the upper array growth layer in the laminate, those that flow down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies of the array growth layer are the Combined with the prevention of the flow-down prevention part, further downflow of the adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies of the lower array growth layer is less biased as much as possible with respect to the water-retaining growth part. The liquid is supplied, and the efficiency of water retention and plant growth of the aqueous liquid in the water retention growing part is good.

  (6) The plant cultivation structure according to any one of the above (1) to (5), wherein the laminate is supported upward by a support having a sawtooth portion.

  Excess aqueous liquid can be drained downward through the slat-like portion, and contributes to the growth of the plant by providing good air permeability to the roots of the plants growing in the mat-like plant growth body constituting the laminate.

  (7) Plant cultivation in which a plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies having a water-retaining growth part and having a shape in plan view are stacked vertically and integrally formed with their sides shifted from each other so that the sides are parallel to each other Laminated plant growth body for structure formation.

  By using this layered plant growth body for forming a structure for plant cultivation, a structure for plant cultivation can be formed.

(8) Among the above mat-like plant growth bodies, at least the lower-layer mat-like plant growth body has a diffusion part laminated on the water-retaining growth part,
The diffusion part is more easily diffused in the horizontal direction than the water-retaining growth part of the aqueous liquid supplied from the outside,
The laminated plant growth according to (7), wherein the aqueous liquid supplied to the mat-like plant growth body from above is diffused in the horizontal direction in the diffusion section and then supplied to the water retaining growth section.

  (9) The plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies are stacked one above the other on a support having a sardine-like portion, and the support and the mat-like plant growth bodies stacked one above the other are integrally formed (7) Or the laminated plant growth body as described in (8).

(10) comprising a plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies having a water-retaining growth portion and having a shape in plan view, and a binding member for joining the mat-like plant growth bodies in a state where they are stacked one above the other
The plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies each have a coupled portion to be coupled by the coupling member in a state of being stacked up and down,
In the state where the mat-like plant growth bodies are stacked one above the other, the mat-like plant growth bodies are joined to each other by the joining member at the coupled portion, so that the sides are shifted from each other so as to be parallel to each other. A structure forming material for plant cultivation in which the mat-like plant growth bodies are stacked in a vertical state.

  By using this plant cultivation structure-forming material, a laminated plant growth body for plant cultivation structure formation or a structure for plant cultivation can be formed.

(11) Among the above mat-like plant growth bodies, at least the mat-like plant growth body used for the lower layer has a diffusion part laminated on the water-retaining growth part,
The diffusion part is more easily diffused in the horizontal direction than the water-retaining growth part of the aqueous liquid supplied from the outside,
The structure forming material for plant cultivation according to the above (10), wherein the aqueous liquid supplied to the mat-like plant growth body from above is diffused in the horizontal direction in the diffusion section and then supplied to the water retention growth section.

(12) further comprising a support having a sword-like portion;
In the state where the mat-like plant growth body is laminated on the support body, the mat-like plant growth body is bonded at the coupled portion and the support body by the binding member, The structure forming material for plant cultivation according to the above (10) or (11), wherein the mat-like plant growths are vertically stacked in a state where the sides are shifted from each other so that the sides are parallel to each other on the support .

  According to the present invention, in a plant cultivation structure having a laminate in which a plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies are arranged so that a plurality of mat growth plants are arranged side by side, the upper arrangement in the laminate Of the aqueous liquid irrigated by the mat-like plant growth body of the growth layer, the one flowing down the adjacent part of the mat-like plant growth bodies of the array growth layer is the mat of the array growth layer below the array growth layer. It is prevented by the flow-down prevention part that the adjacent part of the plant growth bodies further flows down.

  Therefore, the water-based liquid irrigated by the mat-like plant growth body in the upper array growth layer is efficiently retained in the mat-like plant growth body in the lower array growth layer and used for plant growth. obtain.

It is a top view of what the laminated mat was supported on the support body. It is a front view of what the laminated mat was supported on the support body. It is a right view of what the laminated mat was supported on the support body. It is a front view of a coupling member. It is a top view of the structure for plant cultivation and each lamination mat. It is a principal part side view of a laminated body. It is a principal part side view of another laminated body. It is a principal part side view of another laminated body.

  [1] An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  All the drawings relate to examples of embodiments of the present invention.

  (1) The structure S for plant cultivation shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 includes a plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies Ml / Mu arranged in a two-dimensional plane and arranged in two layers. It consists of a laminate T, a support R, and a coupling member P.

  (2) The mat-like plant growth body Ml / Mu can grow roots or rhizomes of plants to be grown such as turf, and the diffusion part Mb is laminated on the whole water-retaining growth part Ma. Integrated.

  The mat-like plant growth bodies M1 and Mu have a substantially constant thickness and, as will be described later, have a square shape with a fixed dimension, which is a basic shape, or a rectangular shape obtained by slightly deforming the basic shape.

  The water retaining growth portion Ma is formed by compression-molding irregularly aggregated fibers (containing heat-meltable binder fibers) and improving the shape retention of the fiber molded product by melting the binder fibers.

  The diffusion part Mb is a non-woven fabric made of polyester fibers of 1.5 denier or less including microfibers, and the synthetic fibers constituting the diffusion part are subjected to a hydrophilic treatment in order to enhance the diffusibility.

  The thickness of the diffusion part Mb is about one-twentieth of the thickness of the water-retaining growth part Ma, and is easy to diffuse in the horizontal direction 200 times or more compared to the water-retention growing part Ma having the same thickness.

  In the vicinity of the four corners of each of the mat-like plant growth bodies Ml and Mu, there are respectively provided through-holes Mc in the vertical direction through which the retaining portions Pa and the shaft-like portions Pb of the connecting member P described later can be inserted.

  (3) The support R is a support Rb in which a large number of through-holes Ra having an upper opening through which the roots of plants grown in the laminate T can be inserted are supported by the support column Rc. It is integrally molded with a synthetic resin.

  The plan view shape of the support R substantially matches the square in plan view, which is the basic shape of the mat-like plant growth bodies Ml and Mu.

  Each of the support portions Rb has vertical fitting holes Rd in the vicinity of the four corners.

(4) The coupling member P is a mat-like plant growth body Ml / Mu that is coupled in a state where they are stacked one above the other.
A shaft portion Pb;
A proximal-side outward projecting portion Pc located on the proximal end side of the shaft-shaped portion Pb;
A stopper that is positioned on the distal end side of the shaft-shaped portion Pb and has a distal-side outward projecting portion Pa1 that sandwiches an object between the proximal-side outward projecting portion Pc and can be elastically bent inward. Part Pa is provided.

  The retaining portion Pa and the shaft-shaped portion Pb of the coupling member P can be inserted into the through-hole Mc of the mat-like plant growth body Ml / Mu, but the proximal-end-side outward projecting portion Pc of the coupling member P is the through-hole Mc. It protrudes outward from the outer periphery of the through hole and cannot be inserted into the through hole Mc.

  Further, the retaining portion Pa of the coupling member P is elastically bent inward, so that it is inserted into the fitting hole Rd in the support portion Rb of the support R, and the elastic bending is released. The retaining portion Pa can be removed.

  (5) Of the array growth layers L1 and Lu that are stacked in two layers, upper and lower, the mat-like plant growth body M1 that constitutes the lower layer growth growth layer L1 has a square shape in plan view. 1 to 3 (FIG. 1 shows only the outline), the support R is supported on the support Rb in a state where the horizontal positions of the support R and the four sides coincide. In this case, the horizontal positions of the through holes Mc in the vicinity of the four corners of the mat-like plant growth body Ml on the lower layer side coincide with the horizontal positions of the fitting holes Rd in the vicinity of the four corners of the support portion Rb. .

  The mat-like plant growth bodies Mu constituting the upper-layer side array growth layer Lu are arranged with respect to the mat-like plant growth bodies Ml constituting the lower-layer side array growth layer Ll supported on the support portion Rb. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 (FIG. 1 shows only the outline) when stacked on the mat-like plant growth body Ml in a predetermined state in which some of the sides are parallel to each other. The horizontal positions of the through holes Mc of the mat-like plant growth body Mu constituting the upper-layer-side array growth layer Lu are the through holes Mc of the lower-layer side mat growth plant Mu and the fitting holes Rd of the support portion Rb. Matches each horizontal position of.

  (6) In order to install the plant cultivation structure S, a plurality of supports R are arranged adjacent to each other on the installation target place such as a roof for greening, and a plane is formed on the support Rb of the supports R. By placing the mat-like plant growth body Ml having a square shape on each support R in a state where the horizontal direction positions of the support part Rb and the four sides coincide with each other, the array growth layer Ll on the lower layer side is arranged. On the mat-like plant growths Ml, in a predetermined state where all sides or some sides of the mat-like plant growths Ml are shifted from each other so as to be parallel to each other. The mat-like plant growth bodies Mu are stacked and arranged adjacent to each other in a planar manner to form an upper-layer arrangement growth layer Lu.

  At that time, the fitting hole Rd of the support portion Rb, the through hole Mc as a coupled portion of the lower mat-like plant growing body Ml, and the through hole as the coupled site of the upper mat-like plant growing body Mu. If the lower-layer-side mat-like plant growth body Ml and the upper-layer-side mat-like plant growth body Mu are laminated on the support R with the horizontal position of Mc aligned, the lower-layer side will be formed on the support portion Rb of the support R. The mat-like plant growth body Ml constituting the array growth layer Ll and the mat-like plant growth body Mu constituting the upper-layer arrangement growth layer Lu so that all sides or some sides are parallel to each other. It can be laminated in a predetermined state shifted from each other. Further, in this state, the coupling member P with the distal end facing downward is fitted downward from each through-hole Mc of the mat-like plant growing body Mu on the upper layer side, whereby the proximal end side outward projection of each coupling member P is performed. A mat-like plant growth body Mu on the upper layer side, a mat-like plant growth body Ml on the lower layer side, and a support portion Rb of the support R are sandwiched and joined between the portion Pc and the tip-side outward projecting portion Pa1 of the retaining portion Pa. It will be.

  A plan view of the plant cultivation structure S thus obtained is as shown in FIG. The positional relationship between each mat-like plant growth body Ml constituting the lower layer side array growth layer Ll and each mat-like plant growth body Mu constituting the upper layer side arrangement growth layer Lu stacked thereon is shown in FIG. There are nine types of laminated mats A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, and I. Of these, the layers other than the laminated mat I are depicted separately around the laminated body T in FIG.

  In the laminated mat I, the upper mat-like plant growth body Mu having the same square shape in plan view is shifted on the lower mat-like plant growth body Ml by a predetermined constant width so that all sides are parallel to each other. (The upper side and the left side in FIG. 5 are stacked in a state where the upper layer side protrudes from the upper layer side, and the right side and the lower side protrude from the lower layer side respectively) and are the same as those shown in FIGS.

  In the laminated mats B, D, E, and G, the upper mat-like plant growth body Mu having the same square shape in plan view is placed on the lower mat-like plant growth body Ml so that the sides are parallel to each other on three sides. It is an aspect in which the layers are stacked in a state of being shifted by a predetermined constant width. The difference from the laminated mat I is that the horizontal positions of one side of the upper and lower mat-like plant growth bodies M1 and Mu are the same, and the vertically aligned sides in the laminated mats B, D, E and G are the same. Are respectively the upper side, the left side, the right side, and the lower side in FIG.

  The laminated mats A, C, F and H are formed on the two adjacent sides of the upper mat-like plant growth bodies M1 and Mu having the same square shape in plan view on the lower mat-like plant growth bodies M1 and Mu. This is an aspect in which the upper and lower sides are stacked in a state of being shifted in parallel by a predetermined constant width. The difference from the laminated mat I is that the horizontal positions of two adjacent sides of the upper and lower mat-like plant growth bodies Ml and Mu are coincident with each other, and the laminated mats A, C, F and H are coincident with each other. The sides are the upper side and the left side, the upper side and the right side, the left side and the lower side, and the right side and the lower side, respectively, in FIG.

  The aqueous liquid irrigated by the mat-like plant growth body Mu in the upper array growth layer Lu flows down while diffusing horizontally in the diffusion part Mb of the mat-like plant growth body Mu, and permeates the water-retaining growth part Ma. . The aqueous liquid that cannot be fully retained in the water-retaining growth part Ma reaches the mat-like plant growth body Ml of the lower aligned growth layer Ll, and further diffuses in the horizontal direction in the diffusion part Mb in the mat-like plant growth body Ml. The water-based liquid that flows down and penetrates into the water-retaining growth part Ma and cannot be retained in the water-retaining growth part Ma flows down to the support R, and further flows down through the through holes Ra in the support part Rb of the support R.

  Adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies Mu in the upper aligned growth layer Lu and the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies M1 in the lower aligned growth layer Ll are displaced by a certain width in the horizontal direction and do not coincide (FIG. 6) Therefore, among the aqueous liquids irrigated by the mat-like plant growth Mu of the upper array growth layer Lu, the aqueous liquid flowing down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth Mu of the array growth layer Lu is It flows down while diffusing in the horizontal direction in the diffusion part Mb in the mat-like plant growth body Ml of the side array growth layer Ll and permeates the water-retaining growth part Ma. Therefore, the aqueous liquid flowing down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies Mu in the upper array growth layer Lu further flows down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies Ml in the lower array growth layer Ll to perform irrigation. The effect is prevented from being impaired.

  (7) The structure for plant cultivation shown in FIG. 7 (the support is not shown in the figure) has two upper and lower arrangement growth layers L1 and Lu in which a plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies M1 and Mu are arranged side by side. It has a stacked body T1 stacked in layers.

  In this plant cultivation structure, the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies Mu in the upper aligned growth layer Lu and the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies M1 in the lower aligned growth layer L1 are horizontally aligned. On the adjacent portion of the mat-like plant growth bodies Ml in the lower aligned growth layer Ll, the aqueous liquid supplied from the outside is in a horizontal direction compared to the water-retaining growth part Ma of the mat-like plant growth body Ml. A flow-preventing layer V that is easy to diffuse is provided so as to cover both adjacent mat-like plant growths Ml. The flow prevention layer V is made of the same material as that of the diffusion part Mb, and covers both adjacent mat-like plant growth bodies Ml over a width of about four times the thickness of the mat-like plant growth body Ml.

  Among the aqueous liquids irrigated by the mat-like plant growth bodies Mu of the upper array growth layer Lu, the aqueous liquids flowing down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies Mu of the array growth layer Lu are separated in the flow prevention layer V. It flows down while diffusing in the horizontal direction, and further flows down while diffusing in the horizontal direction in the diffusion part Mb in the mat-like plant growth body Ml of the lower aligned growth layer Ll and permeates the water-retaining growth part Ma. Therefore, the aqueous liquid flowing down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies Mu in the upper array growth layer Lu further flows down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies Ml in the lower array growth layer Ll to perform irrigation. The effect is prevented from being impaired.

  (8) The plant cultivation structure shown in FIG. 8 (the support is not shown in the figure) has two upper and lower arrangement growth layers Ll / Lu in which a plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies Ml / Mu are arranged adjacent in a plane. The stacked body T2 is formed by stacking layers.

  In this structure for plant cultivation, adjacent mat-like plant growth bodies Mu in the upper aligned growth layer Lu are formed by the upward sloping side surface Qa of one adjacent mat-like plant growth body Mu and the other mat-like plant growth body. The downward inclined side surface Qb of Mu is in contact with the upper and lower sides, and the adjacent mat-like plant growth bodies Ml in the lower aligned growth layer L1 are adjacent to each other. The downward inclined side surface Qb of the mat-like plant growth body Ml is in contact with the top and bottom, and the lower end portion of the adjacent portion N in the upper aligned growth layer Lu coincides with the upper end portion of the adjacent portion N in the lower aligned growth layer Ll. Yes. The inclination direction of the inclined side surface of the adjacent portion N in the upper aligned growth layer Lu and the inclination direction of the inclined side surface of the adjacent portion N in the lower aligned growth layer Ll are opposite to each other.

  Of the aqueous liquid irrigated by the mat-like plant growth body Mu of the upper array growth layer Lu, the aqueous liquid flowing down the adjacent portion N between the mat-like plant growth bodies Mu of the array growth layer Lu is water retaining from the inclined side surface. Those that permeate the sexually growing part Ma also have a considerable proportion.

  Of the aqueous liquid that has flowed down to the upper part of the adjacent portion N between the mat-like plant growth bodies Ml in the lower array growth layer Lu, the adjacent portion N between the mat-like plant growth bodies Ml in the array growth layer L1 flows down. As for the water-based liquid, a liquid that permeates the water-retaining growth part Ma from the inclined side surface also has a considerable ratio. Therefore, the aqueous liquid that has flowed down to the upper part of the adjacent portion N is prevented as much as possible from further flowing down the adjacent portion N between the mat-like plant growing bodies Ml, and the mat-like plant on the side having the upward inclined side surface. The proportion of water retained by the growing body Ml increases.

  [2] Embodiments of the present invention will be further described, including forms other than those described above.

  This structure for plant cultivation has a laminate in which a plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies having a water-retaining growth part are arranged side by side in a plurality of planes, and a flow prevention part is provided. Prepare.

  The main installation location is a rooftop or other concrete or asphalt surface to be planted, such as a horizontal or loose inclined surface.

  (1) Mat-like plant growth

  (1-1) A mat-like plant growth body is one in which the root or rhizome of the plant to be grown can grow, and the whole is a water-retaining growth part, or the whole (or part) of the water-retention growing part. It is possible to have a water-retaining growth part in which the diffusion part is laminated (desirably, the diffusion part is laminated on the water-retaining growth part to form an integral body), or the like.

  Of the mat-like plant growth bodies, at least the mat-like plant growth body of the lower array growth layer may have a diffusion part laminated on the water-retaining growth part, but not limited thereto, The mat-like plant growth body of other array growth layers can also have a diffusion part laminated on the water-retaining growth part.

  The mat-like plant growth body may have, for example, a regular polygonal shape or other polygonal shapes, preferably a square shape or a square shape in plan view.

  The mat-like plant growth body may have a substantially constant thickness in the vertical direction (for example, 10 to 200 mm, preferably 20 to 100 mm, more preferably 30 to 70 mm), but is not necessarily limited thereto. is not.

  (1-2) Examples of water-retaining growing parts include irregularly gathered fibers (the fiber type is not particularly limited. Various natural fibers such as coconut shell fibers, jute, kenaf, cotton, polyester-based, polyamide-based, Various synthetic fibers such as polyacrylic or other fibers can be used. Especially, irregularly aggregated fibers are compression-molded, compression-molded and needle-punched or hot-melt binder fiber Those in which the shape-retaining property of the fiber molded product is improved by inclusion and melting, nonwoven fabrics, and those in which nonwoven fabrics are stacked can be used. Moreover, a water retention growing part can contain a fertilizer, a soil improvement material, or another component.

  The plant which the water-retaining growth part is intended to grow can be exemplified by turf or other various plants.

  The water-retaining growth part can retain water such as tap water, rainwater, water containing liquid fertilizer, and the like, which is an aqueous liquid that is a liquid mainly composed of water that can be used for growing the target plant.

  (1-3) The diffusing part is laminated on the whole (or part) of the water-retaining growing part and is more easily diffused in the horizontal direction than the water-retaining growing part. For example, when a certain amount (for example, 1 cc) of water is dropped at one place, it can diffuse over an area of 20 to 400 times or more compared to a water-retaining growing portion of the same thickness.

  The aqueous liquid supplied to the mat-like plant growth body from above is diffused in the horizontal direction in the diffusion section, and then supplied to the water retention growing section.

  As the diffusion part, for example, a synthetic fiber such as polyester or acrylic, preferably a hydrophobic synthetic fiber, (or other fiber) is used as a main raw material (that is, 50 to 100% by weight, preferably 70 to 100% by weight of the raw material). What consists of fiber sheet-like bodies, such as a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, and a knitted fabric, can be used.

  The fiber used for the diffusion portion can be, for example, 10 denier or less, or 7 denier or less, and 3 denier or less is preferable in order to achieve good diffusibility by capillary action. More preferably, it is a fiber of 1.5 denier or less including microfiber. Moreover, in order to improve the diffusibility of a diffusion part, it is preferable to hydrophilize a synthetic fiber (for example, hydrophobic synthetic fiber) with a water absorbing agent or a surfactant. Examples of treatment agents that perform such treatment include Plus Coat FR-550 or FR-627 made by Kyoyo Chemical Industry, Quinstat NW-380 or NW-E made by Kotani Chemical Industry, Quinnset PSO-5500, Takamatsu Examples thereof include SR-1000, 1720, 1M, 1800, 1805M, 5000, 5720, 6200, or 1801 MCONC made of fats and oils.

  The thickness of the diffusion part in the vertical direction can be a layer thickness smaller than the layer thickness of the water-retaining growth part, for example, a layer thickness of 1/30 to 1/5. The layer thickness is preferably 1/20 to 1/10.

  (2) Array growth layer and laminate

  The array growth layer is formed by arranging a plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies (for example, 4 or 6 or 9 or more, preferably 16 or more) adjacently on a plane.

  A laminated body is formed by laminating two (or three or four or more) aligned growth layers on top and bottom.

  (3) Support

  A laminated body shall be supported upward by the support body which has a sawtooth-shaped part.

  The support, for example, can be substantially the same as the planar view shape of the mat-like plant growth body constituting the array growth layer directly supported by the support among the array growth layers constituting the laminate, This is not a limitation.

  For example, the support can be integrally formed of a synthetic resin, but is not limited thereto.

  The support body may be a sword-like portion as a whole or a portion in plan view that is a sword-like portion.

  For example, the upper surface portion of the sardine-like portion of the support body may have a large number of through-opening holes that can be inserted through the roots of plants grown on the laminate. As the shape of the through hole, for example, a substantially square shape, a triangle, a square, a rectangle, other polygons, a circle, an ellipse or the like can be arbitrarily adopted in a plan view.

  For example, the support body in which a large number of through-holes in the upper opening are formed as described above can be supported by a support column or a support wall.

  (4) Flow prevention part

  The flow-preventing part is a water-based liquid that has flowed down adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the array growth layer among the water-based liquids irrigated by the mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper array growth layer in the laminate. It prevents further flowing down the adjacent part of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the array growth layer below the array growth layer. Moreover, when earth and sand, artificial soil, or the like is arranged on the uppermost arrayed growth layer, it is prevented from leaking downward through the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growing bodies.

(4-1) For example,
The adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper array growth layer and the adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the lower array growth layer do not match in the horizontal direction,
Among the water-based liquids irrigated by the mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper array growth layer, the water-based liquids flowing down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the array growth layer are arranged below the array growth layer. Further, it is possible to prevent the adjacent portions between the mat-like plant growth bodies in the growth layer from flowing down.

  In the case where the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper aligned growth layer and the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the lower aligned growth layer do not match in the horizontal direction, the upper adjacent portion and the lower side If the adjacent portions are parallel, for example, in plan view (for example, if they are parallel with a distance of 1 to 10 cm or more in plan view, preferably parallel with a distance of 2 to 5 cm), they are non-parallel and intersect If not (for example, 1 to 10 cm or more apart in a plan view and non-parallel, preferably 2 to 5 cm apart and non-parallel), 5 degrees or more (or 10 degrees or 15 degrees or more, preferably 30 degrees or 45 degrees or more, more preferably 60 degrees, 70 degrees or more, or 90 degrees.

  (4-1-1) As a layered plant growth body for forming a plant cultivation structure in this case, for example, a plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies having a planar view shape are parallel to each other. Thus, it is possible to use one that is vertically stacked in a state of being shifted from each other.

  Moreover, this laminated plant growth body can also be laminated | stacked on the said support body which has a sawtooth-shaped part, and can also be made | formed integrally.

(4-1-2) Moreover, as a plant cultivation structure forming material for forming the plant cultivation structure in this case, for example,
A plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies having a water-retaining growth portion and having a shape in plan view, and a binding member that joins the mat-like plant growth bodies in a stacked state up and down,
The plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies each have a coupled portion to be coupled by the coupling member in a state of being stacked up and down,
In the state where the mat-like plant growth bodies are stacked one above the other, the mat-like plant growth bodies are joined to each other by the joining member at the coupled portion, so that the sides are shifted from each other so as to be parallel to each other. Those in which the mat-like plant growth bodies are in a state of being stacked one above the other can be used.

In addition, further comprising a support having a slat-like portion,
In the state where the mat-like plant growth body is laminated on the support body, the mat-like plant growth body is bonded at the coupled portion and the support body by the binding member, It is also possible to use those in which the mat-like plant growths are stacked one above the other with the sides shifted from each other so that the sides are parallel to each other on the support.

The binding member that binds the mat-like plant growth bodies in a state where they are stacked one above the other is, for example,
An axial part;
A proximal-side outward projecting portion located on the proximal side of the shaft-shaped portion;
Provided with a retaining portion that is located on the distal end side of the shaft-shaped portion and has a distal-side outward projecting portion that sandwiches an object between the proximal-side outward projecting portion and can be elastically bent inward. Can be.

  In the mat-like plant growth body, the to-be-joined portions to be joined by the joining member can be, for example, a plurality of through holes into which the retaining portion and the shaft-like portion of the joining member can be inserted. When the support body is provided, the support body may be provided with a plurality of fitting holes into which the retaining portion of the coupling member is fitted and which can be retained by the retaining portion.

  In this case, on the support, the positions of the plurality of fitting holes and the positions of the plurality of through-holes that are the mated plant growth sites are combined, and the mat-like plant growth bodies are stacked up and down, It is assumed that the retaining portion and the shaft-shaped portion of the coupling member are inserted into each through hole, the retaining portion is fitted into the fitting hole of the support, and the coupling member is retained from the support by the retaining portion. As a result, the support and the mat-like plant growing body that are stacked one above the other in a state where the sides are parallel to each other so that the sides are parallel to each other on the support, And the front end side outwardly protruding portion of the retaining portion.

  In addition, a coupling member, a to-be-joined location, and a support body are not restricted to this example.

(4-2) The flow prevention part is
On the adjacent part of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the lower array growth layer, a flow-preventing layer in which the aqueous liquid supplied from the outside easily diffuses in the horizontal direction as compared with the water-retaining growth part of the mat-like plant growth body. By covering both adjacent mat-like plant growth bodies,
Among the water-based liquids irrigated by the mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper array growth layer, the water-based liquids flowing down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the array growth layer are arranged below the array growth layer. Even if it flows down on the run-off prevention layer that covers the adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the growth layer, the water-based liquid further flows down the adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies covered by the run-off prevention layer. Can prevent.

  The flow prevention layer can be the same as the diffusion part including the material, thickness, and the like. That is, when it is easy to diffuse in the horizontal direction compared to the water-retaining growth part, for example, when a certain amount (for example, 1 cc) of water is dripped at one place, 20 to It can diffuse over an area 400 times or more.

(4-3) The flow prevention part is, for example,
Adjacent mat-like plant growth bodies in the lower array growth layer are adjacent portions where the upward inclined side surface of one adjacent mat-like plant growth body and the downward inclined side surface of the other mat-like plant growth body touch each other vertically. By
Among the water-based liquids irrigated by the mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper array growth layer, the water-based liquids flowing down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the array growth layer are arranged below the array growth layer. Further, it is possible to prevent the adjacent portions between the mat-like plant growth bodies in the growth layer from flowing down.

  It is desirable that the inclination angle of the upward inclined side surface of one adjacent mat-like plant growth body and the inclination angle of the downward inclination side surface of the other mat-like plant growth body substantially coincide.

  The inclination angle is, for example, 20 degrees to 60 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane in order to increase the area where the inclined side surfaces are in contact with each other in plan view as much as possible and satisfy the strength and handleability of the inclined side surface portions. However, it is preferably 30 to 45 degrees.

  Further, in this case, adjacent mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper aligned growth layer are in contact with each other with the upward inclined side surface of one adjacent mat-like plant growth body and the downward inclined side surface of the other mat-like plant growth body vertically. And the lower end of the adjacent part, the upward inclined side surface of one adjacent mat-like plant growth body in the lower aligned growth layer, and the adjacent part where the downward inclined side surface of the other mat-like plant growth body touches up and down. The upper end may be coincident. In that case, the inclination direction of the inclined side surface of the adjacent portion in the upper aligned growth layer and the inclination direction of the inclined side surface of the adjacent portion in the lower aligned growth layer can be the same or opposite.

A Laminated mat B Laminated mat C Laminated mat D Laminated mat E Laminated mat F Laminated mat G Laminated mat H Laminated mat I Laminated mat Ll Arranged growth layer Lu Arranged growth layer Ma Water retaining growth part Mb Diffusion part Mc Through hole Ml Mat-like plant Growing body Mu Mat-like plant growing body N Adjacent part P Coupling member Pa Stopping part Pa1 Tip side outward projecting part Pb Shafted part Pc Base end side outward projecting part Qa Upward inclined side surface Qb Downward inclined side surface R Support Ra Through-hole Rb Support part Rc Posting part Rd Fitting hole S Structure T for plant cultivation T Stack T1 Stack T2 Stack V Flow prevention layer

Claims (16)

A mat-like plant growth body having a water-retaining growth part is a structure for plant cultivation comprising a laminate in which a plurality of planar growth layers are adjacently arranged in a plane, and are laminated vertically.
Among the aqueous liquids irrigated by the mat-like plant growth bodies of the upper aligned growth layer in the laminate, the aqueous liquid flowing down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies of the array growth layers is the A plant cultivation structure characterized by comprising a flow-in prevention portion for preventing further flow down of adjacent portions of mat-like plant growth bodies in the lower array growth layer. The flow prevention part is
The adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper array growth layer and the adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the lower array growth layer do not match in the horizontal direction,
Among the water-based liquids irrigated by the mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper array growth layer, the water-based liquids flowing down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the array growth layer are arranged below the array growth layer. 2. The plant cultivation structure according to claim 1, which prevents further flowing down adjacent portions of mat-like plant growth bodies in the growth layer. The flow prevention part is
On the adjacent part of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the lower array growth layer, a flow-preventing layer in which the aqueous liquid supplied from the outside easily diffuses in the horizontal direction as compared with the water-retaining growth part of the mat-like plant growth body. By covering both adjacent mat-like plant growth bodies,
Among the water-based liquids irrigated by the mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper array growth layer, the water-based liquids flowing down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the array growth layer are arranged below the array growth layer. Even if it flows down on the run-off prevention layer that covers the adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the growth layer, the water-based liquid further flows down the adjacent parts of the mat-like plant growth bodies covered by the run-off prevention layer. The structure for plant cultivation according to claim 1, wherein   The plant cultivation structure according to claim 3, wherein the flow-preventing layer is composed of a fibrous sheet-like body mainly composed of hydrophobic synthetic fibers having a hydrophilicity of 10 denier or less. The flow prevention part is
Adjacent mat-like plant growth bodies in the lower array growth layer are adjacent portions where the upward inclined side surface of one adjacent mat-like plant growth body and the downward inclined side surface of the other mat-like plant growth body touch each other vertically. By
Among the water-based liquids irrigated by the mat-like plant growth bodies in the upper array growth layer, the water-based liquids flowing down the adjacent portions of the mat-like plant growth bodies in the array growth layer are arranged below the array growth layer. 2. The plant cultivation structure according to claim 1, which prevents further flowing down adjacent portions of mat-like plant growth bodies in the growth layer. Among the above mat-like plant growth bodies, at least, the mat-like plant growth body of the lower side array growth layer has a diffusion part laminated on the water-retaining growth part,
The diffusion part is more easily diffused in the horizontal direction than the water-retaining growth part of the aqueous liquid supplied from the outside,
The plant cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the aqueous liquid supplied to the mat-like plant growth body from above is diffused in the horizontal direction in the diffusion portion and then supplied to the water retention growth portion. Structure.   The plant cultivation structure according to claim 6, wherein the diffusion part is made of a fiber sheet-like body mainly composed of hydrophobic synthetic fibers having a hydrophilicity of 10 denier or less.   The plant cultivation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the laminate is supported upward by a support having a saw-like portion.   A structure for plant cultivation in which a plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies having a water-retaining growth part and having a rectangular shape in plan view are stacked vertically and integrally formed with their sides shifted from each other so as to be parallel to each other Laminated plant growth for formation. Among the mat-like plant growth bodies, at least the lower-layer mat-like plant growth body has a diffusion part laminated on the water-retaining growth part,
The diffusion part is more easily diffused in the horizontal direction than the water-retaining growth part of the aqueous liquid supplied from the outside,
The laminated plant growth according to claim 9, wherein the aqueous liquid supplied to the mat-like plant growth from above is diffused in the horizontal direction in the diffusion unit and then supplied to the water-retaining growth unit.   The layered plant growth body according to claim 10, wherein the diffusion part is composed of a fiber sheet-like body mainly composed of a hydrophobic synthetic fiber having a hydrophilicity of 10 denier or less.   The plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies are stacked one above the other on a support having a slat-like portion, and the support and the mat-like plant growth body stacked one above the other are integrally formed. The laminated plant growth body described. A plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies having a water-retaining growth portion and having a shape in plan view, and a binding member that joins the mat-like plant growth bodies in a stacked state up and down,
The plurality of mat-like plant growth bodies each have a coupled portion to be coupled by the coupling member in a state of being stacked up and down,
In the state where the mat-like plant growth bodies are stacked one above the other, the mat-like plant growth bodies are joined to each other by the joining member at the coupled portion, so that the sides are shifted from each other so as to be parallel to each other. A structure forming material for plant cultivation in which the mat-like plant growth bodies are stacked in a vertical state. Among the mat-like plant growth bodies, at least the mat-like plant growth body used for the lower layer has a diffusion part laminated on the water-retaining growth part,
The diffusion part is more easily diffused in the horizontal direction than the water-retaining growth part of the aqueous liquid supplied from the outside,
The structure forming material for plant cultivation according to claim 13, wherein the aqueous liquid supplied to the mat-like plant growth body from above is diffused in the horizontal direction in the diffusion section and then supplied to the water-retaining growth section.   15. The structure forming material for plant cultivation according to claim 14, wherein the diffusing portion is composed of a fiber sheet-like body mainly composed of hydrophobic synthetic fibers having a hydrophilicity of 10 denier or less. And further comprising a support having a slat-like portion,
In the state where the mat-like plant growth body is laminated on the support body, the mat-like plant growth body is bonded at the coupled portion and the support body by the binding member, 16. The plant cultivation structure-forming material according to claim 13, 14 or 15, wherein the mat-like plant growths are stacked one above the other with the sides shifted from each other so that the sides are parallel to each other on the support.

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