JP5040011B2 - Water retention mat for vegetation and structure of vegetation board using the same - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a vegetation water retention mat laid on the back side of a vegetation layer on which lawns and other plants have been vegetated, and a structure of a vegetation board using the vegetation retention board.

  Watering plants planted on lawns, flower beds, etc. is a cumbersome and time-consuming task, especially in the case of drought in summer, which is a hot and difficult task, and it is necessary to secure a water source. However, there is a problem that the maintenance cost increases.

  Therefore, an attempt has been made to reduce the watering work by providing a water retention layer on the back side of the vegetation layer on which lawn or the like is vegetated. (For example, see Patent Document 1)

  Examples of the water retention material used for this type of water retention layer include soil materials such as culture soil, non-woven fabrics, sponges, etc., all of which have insufficient water absorption capacity and still require watering work. The frequency of work has not been greatly reduced.

In recent years, a water-absorbing polymer having the ability to absorb and retain water several hundred times its own weight has been researched and developed and used as a water retention material for vegetation.
JP 2000-4679 A

  However, when the water retention layer provided with the water-absorbing polymer as described above is simply laid on the back side of the vegetation layer on which lawn or the like is vegetated, there is no space for the water-absorbing polymer to absorb water and expand, However, even if the water-absorbing polymer expands, the vegetation layer is pushed up by the expansion pressure, and there is a problem that the lawn surface (the ground surface) rises up at the necessary place to cause unevenness.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described conventional drawbacks, and its purpose is to use a water-absorbing expander such as a water-absorbing polymer excellent in water absorption and water retention to greatly reduce watering work. It is intended to provide a water retention mat for vegetation and a structure of a vegetation board using the same, capable of reducing and saving water while preventing an adverse effect on the ground surface due to expansion of the water absorbing expansion body during water absorption.

In order to solve the above problems, a vegetation retention mat 1 of the present invention includes a water absorbent expansion body 4 made of a nonwoven fabric mainly composed of a water absorbent polymer that absorbs water and expands, and an expansion portion of the water absorption expansion body 4. The shape-retaining body 5 that forms the expansion absorption space S to enter is laminated, and the water-absorbing expansion body 4 is located between the vegetation layer 30 in which lawns and other plants are vegetated and the soil layer 31 below the vegetation layer 30. 5. The shape retaining body 5 is formed by arranging a plurality of resin-like corrugated members 11... On the same plane in parallel with each other, and these corrugated members 5 are laid on the same plane. 11. The space between the concave portions 15 of the corrugated members 15 and the corrugated members 11 is formed as the expansion absorption space S.

Specifically, wherein the hygroscopic expansion member 4, the temperature-sensitive intake aqueous resin 10 are mixed.

  Furthermore, a pair of water-permeable sheet bodies 3 and 3 are provided, and the water-absorbing and expanding body 4 and the shape retaining body 5 are sandwiched between the water-permeable sheet bodies 3 and 3.

  Further, by arranging the water absorbing and expanding body 4 so as to cover a part of the shape retaining body 5, a water retaining area 20 and drainage areas 21 and 21 are formed on the entire surface of the mat 1.

  Furthermore, the water retention area 20 is formed over the substantially entire surface of the mat 1 by disposing the water absorbing / expanding body 4 so as to cover substantially the entire surface of the shape retaining body 5.

  Further, the mat 1 has flexibility that can be bent or bent, for example.

Furthermore, the structure of the vegetation board according to the present invention is characterized in that the vegetation water retention mat 1 having the above-described configuration is laid between a vegetation layer 30 on which lawns and other plants are vegetated and a lower soil layer 31. And

In the vegetation board in which the water retention mat for vegetation according to the present invention is laid between the vegetation layer and the lower soil layer , rainwater permeates from the vegetation layer to the mat due to rain, and the water-absorbing polymer is the main material. Even if the water-absorbing expansion body made of non-woven fabric absorbs rainwater and expands, the expanded portion enters the expansion absorption space of the shape retention body, and the overall shape of the mat is almost the same as before the water absorption expansion body absorbs rainwater. do not do. For this reason, even if a water absorption expansion body expand | swells, a vegetation layer is not pushed up and the unevenness | corrugation accompanying expansion | swelling of a water absorption expansion body does not arise in the ground surface.

Therefore, it is possible to prevent adverse effects on the ground surface while significantly reducing watering work and saving water by using a water-absorbing expander excellent in water absorption and water retention.

  In addition, by mixing the temperature-absorbing and drainage resin into the water-absorbing expansion body, water can be absorbed and retained when the ground temperature is low, and water can be automatically discharged when the ground temperature is high. Efficient water supply to the plant is possible, and root decay of the plant can be prevented.

  Furthermore, by forming a shape retaining body by arranging a plurality of resin wave-shaped members side by side on the same plane, the structure of the shape retaining body can be simplified and the mat manufacturing process can be simplified. it can. Moreover, the pressure-resistant flat strength can be increased by the wavy member, and the expansion absorption space can be secured stably over a long period of time without the mat being crushed by the vegetation layer, thereby improving the reliability.

  Moreover, since the water-absorbing expansion body and the shape-retaining body are sandwiched between the water-permeable sheet bodies, entry of foreign matter such as soil and pebbles into the expansion absorption space of the water-absorbing expansion body is eliminated while allowing rainwater to penetrate into the mat. be able to. As a result, the expansion absorption space can be secured stably over a long period of time, and the reliability can be improved.

  Furthermore, by forming a water retention area and a drainage area on the entire surface of the mat, when there is a large amount of rain during the rainy season, for example, excess rainwater can be quickly discharged from the vegetation board through the drainage area. It can prevent root rot of plants in the vegetation layer.

  Furthermore, by forming a water retention area over the entire surface of the mat, the water retention capacity of the mat can be increased, and it is particularly effective for application to a vegetation board where drought can occur frequently.

  In addition, if the mat has flexibility, it can be wound in a coil shape and packed, for example, at the time of shipment from the factory. The mat can be handled easily so that it can be laid.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a water retention mat for vegetation according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the water retention mat for vegetation.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the vegetation water retention mat 1 includes a pair of water permeable sheet bodies 3 and 3, a water absorbent expansion body 4 that absorbs and expands water, and a pressure retaining flatness strength of the mat 1. And a shape 5. And it is inserted | pinched by a pair of water-permeable sheet bodies 3 and 3 in the state in which the water absorption expansion body 4 and the shape-retaining body 5 were laminated | stacked.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the water-permeable sheet body 3 has a large number of water-permeable holes 8..., For example, by weaving vertical tape-shaped materials 6. It is formed in a net shape of ˜20 mesh. As the tape-like materials 6, 7,..., Thermoplastic synthetic resins having tensile strength such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, etc., which have been subjected to stretching treatment, can be used.

  The water-absorbing expansion body 4 is made of a strip-shaped nonwoven fabric mainly composed of a highly water-absorbing polymer having excellent water absorption and water retention, and absorbs and absorbs water several hundred times its own weight, and retains the absorbed water. Have the ability to The superabsorbent polymer has a three-dimensional network structure in which a mild cross-linking bond is introduced into a water-soluble electrolyte polymer having an ionic group, such as polyvinyl alcohol, acrylic, and polyether. Synthetic polymers, or starches, celluloses and other natural polymers are used as raw materials.

  The water-absorbing expansion body 4 is mixed with a temperature-sensitive water-absorbing and draining resin 10. This temperature-absorbing and draining resin 10 absorbs water into the resin when the temperature is low, and discharges water when the temperature rises and reaches the temperature-sensitive point. For example, it is commercially available under the trade name “Thermogel”. What is being used is used. In addition, although it is not always necessary to mix this temperature-sensitive water-absorbing and draining resin 10 into the water-absorbing expansion body 4, it is possible to exhibit an effective water-absorbing and draining function by growing plants.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the shape-retaining body 5 is configured by arranging a plurality of resin-like corrugated members 11... Has been placed. The corrugated member 11 includes an upper horizontal side portion 12 arranged at a predetermined pitch, a lower horizontal side portion 13 arranged at a predetermined pitch, an upper horizontal side portion 12 and a lower horizontal side portion 13. Consists of connecting vertical side portions 14..., Recesses 15... Opened upward and recesses 16 .. opening downward are alternately arranged along the longitudinal direction. The corrugated member 11 is formed by extrusion molding or the like using a thermoplastic resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene as a material.

  The shape retaining body 5 has a flattening strength that can withstand the heavy pressure of the vegetation layer 30 and the like. That is, in order to prevent crushing due to heavy pressure, it is necessary that the width dimension W (see FIG. 1) and the wave pitch P (see FIG. 4) are balanced with respect to the thickness T (see FIG. 4) of the corrugated member 11. When the wall thickness dimension T is reduced or the wave pitch P is increased, the pressure resistance decreases. Further, if the thickness T is increased, the cost is increased. For this reason, although it changes with materials used, for example, when polyethylene resin etc. are used, the thickness dimension T of each corrugated member 11 is about 0.5-1.5 mm, and the width dimension W is about 5-20 mm. The wave pitch P is preferably about 5 to 20 mm, and the wave height H is preferably about 10 mm.

  And the expansion absorption space S is comprised by the clearance gap between each wavelike member 11 ... of this shape-retaining body 5 ..., and the wavelike member 11, ..., The water absorption at the time of water absorption is comprised in this expansion absorption space S The expansion part in the expansion body 4 enters.

  Next, a method for manufacturing the vegetation water retention mat 1 will be described. First, a large number of undulating members 11... Are arranged in parallel to each other at intervals on the same plane to form a shape retaining body 5, and this shape retaining body 5 is placed on one water-permeable sheet body 3, Both contact portions are fusion-fixed.

  Subsequently, the water absorbent expansion body 4 is placed on the shape retaining body 5 and the other water permeable sheet body 3 is placed so as to cover the water absorbent expansion body 4. At this time, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the water-absorbing expansion body 4 is set such that the dimension in the width direction is smaller than the dimension in the width direction of the water-permeable sheet bodies 3 and 3 and the shape retaining body 5. 5 is continuously arranged in the longitudinal direction so as to cover the center portion in the width direction.

  And the water absorbing / expanding body 4 is internally fixed by fusing and fixing the contact portions of both ends of the shape retaining body 5 and both ends of the other water-permeable sheet body 3 and, in some cases, both ends of the water-permeable sheet bodies 3 and 3. The above-mentioned water retention mat 1 for vegetation can be formed. The vegetation water retention mat 1 is manufactured as an elongated body, and is used after being cut into a predetermined dimension according to the situation at the site.

  In the water retention mat 1 for vegetation, the water absorbing / expanding body 4 is disposed so as to cover the center portion of the shape retaining body 5, and therefore, as shown in FIG. Are formed, and drainage regions 21 and 21 where the water-absorbing expansion body 4 does not exist are formed at both ends thereof.

  The water absorbing / expanding body 4 does not necessarily need to be disposed so as to cover the central portion of the shape retaining body 5, and may be disposed so as to cover substantially the entire surface of the shape retaining body 5, for example, as shown in FIG. 6. In this case, the water retention area | region 20 is formed over the substantially whole surface of the mat 1, and water retention can be improved. Furthermore, by disposing a plurality of water-absorbing expansion bodies 4... At a predetermined interval, the drainage area 21...

  Moreover, in this water retention mat 1 for vegetation, since the shape-retaining body 5 is composed of a plurality of corrugated members 11 arranged at intervals, flexibility that can be bent or bent is provided. Thus, for example, at the time of factory shipment, it can be wound in a coil shape and packed, and on the site, flexible laying that follows the shape of the vegetation board or the like is possible.

  FIG. 7 shows the structure of a vegetation board using the vegetation retention mat 1 described above, and the vegetation retention mat 1 is laid on the back side of the vegetation layer 30 on which vegetation is planted. . In the figure, 31 indicates a soil layer. When laying, the plurality of mats 1... Are arranged without gaps so as to cover the entire lower surface of the vegetation layer 30, or the plurality of mats 1. -May be placed where necessary.

  In the vegetation board in which the mats 1 and so on are laid in this manner, when rainwater permeates from the vegetation layer 30 to the mat 1 due to rain, the water absorbing expansion body 4 absorbs rainwater and expands to hold the rainwater. Moreover, the temperature-sensitive water-absorbing resin 10 mixed in the water-absorbing expansion body 4 also absorbs and holds rainwater. At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, since the expansion of the water absorbent expansion body 4 enters the expansion absorption space S of the shape retaining body 5, the overall shape of the mat 1 is almost the same as before the water absorption expansion body 4 absorbs rainwater. It does not change. For this reason, even if the water absorption expansion body 4 expand | swells, the vegetation layer 30 is not pushed up and the unevenness | corrugation accompanying expansion | swelling of the water absorption expansion body 4 does not arise in the ground surface.

  When the vegetation layer 30 dries at high temperatures during the daytime or during drought in the summer, the rainwater retained in the water-absorbing expander 4 and the temperature-sensitive water-absorbing resin 10 is gradually diffused, and the vegetation is vegetated. A sufficient amount of moisture is supplied to the layer 30 for growth. Thus, by storing rainwater that normally penetrates the soil layer 31 and effectively using it, the frequency of troublesome watering operations can be greatly reduced, and the amount of water used can be reduced to reduce maintenance costs. Can be achieved.

  On the other hand, when a large amount of rain falls and the groundwater level rises, excess rainwater is quickly discharged from the vegetation board through the drainage areas 21 and 21 of the vegetation retention mat 1, so that the vegetation layer 30 is rooted, etc. Can be prevented.

Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention. As the water permeable sheet bodies 3, 3, for example, a root-proof sheet having water permeability may be used. Further, a root-proof sheet having water permeability may be superposed on the upper water-permeable sheet body 3. By using the root-proof sheet in this way, it is possible to prevent roots such as lawn in the vegetation layer 30 from entering the water-absorbing expanded body 4, and root rot and the like can be prevented. Further, the water permeable sheet bodies 3 and 3 and the shape retaining body 5 can be variously selected in consideration of the fusing property and the like. Further, when the mat 1 is formed, the water-permeable sheet bodies 3 and 3, the shape retaining body 5, and the water absorbing / expanding body 4 are integrated by heat fusion. Other fixing means such as adhesion may be used. If an adhesive agent etc. are used, joining of the water-permeable sheet bodies 3 and 3 and the water absorption expansion body 4 is also possible.

It is a disassembled perspective view of the water retention mat for vegetation concerning one embodiment of this invention. It is the perspective view similarly. It is a top view of a water-permeable sheet body. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the water retention mat for vegetation. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view at the time of water absorption of the water retention mat for vegetation. It is a perspective view of the water retention mat for vegetation concerning other embodiments. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the structure of the vegetation board using the water retention mat for vegetation.

Explanation of symbols

  1 .... Water retention mat for vegetation, 3 .... Water-permeable sheet body, 4 .... Water-absorbing expansion body, 5 .... Shape-holding body, 10 .... Temperature-sensitive water-absorbing resin, 11 .... Wavy member, 15 .... Recess, 20・ ・ Water retention area, 21 ・ ・ Drainage area, 30 ・ ・ Vegetation layer, S ・ ・ Expansion absorption space

Claims (7)

A water-absorbing expansion body (4) made of a nonwoven fabric mainly composed of a water-absorbing polymer that absorbs water and expands, and a shape-retaining body (S) that forms an expansion absorption space (S) into which an expansion portion of the water-absorbing expansion body (4) enters. 5) are stacked, and between the vegetation layer (30) in which lawn and other plants are vegetated and the lower soil layer (31), the water-absorbing expansion body (4) is on the upper side, and the shape-retaining body (5) Is a vegetation water retention mat (1) that is laid down on the lower side, and the shape retaining body (5) has a plurality of resin corrugated members (11...) Spaced apart on the same plane. Vegetation characterized in that the gaps between the concave portions (15...) And the corrugated members (11...) Of the corrugated members (11...) Are formed as the expansion absorption space (S). Water retention mat. The water retention mat for vegetation according to claim 1, wherein a temperature-sensitive water-absorbing resin (10) is mixed in the water-absorbing expanded body (4). A pair of permeable sheet body (3) (3), these permeable sheet body (3) (3) The hygroscopic expansion member between (4) and claim 1 or 2 wherein the coercive form (5) is interposed Vegetation water retention mat. By disposing the water absorbing and expanding body (4) so as to cover a part of the shape retaining body (5), a water retaining area (20) and drainage areas (21) and (21) are formed on the entire surface of the mat (1). The vegetation retention mat according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . A substantially Placing the hygroscopic expansion body so as to cover the entire surface (4), mat (1) according to claim 1, water retention area (20) is formed over substantially the entire surface of the retaining feature (5) The water retention mat for vegetation according to any one of 3 above . The water retention mat for vegetation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which has flexibility. The water retention mat (1) for vegetation according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is laid between a vegetation layer (30) on which turf and other plants are vegetated and a lower soil layer (31). The structure of the vegetation board characterized by this.