JP7369076B2 - Planting base and greening panels - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a planting base and a greening panel.

Patent Document 1 discloses a technology related to a wall greening system for greening the wall surface of a structure. In this prior art, the wall greening system greens the structure by installing a greening unit that includes a soil base on which plants are to be planted and a frame member that holds the soil base along the wall of the structure. A plurality of gutter members extending in a substantially horizontal direction and having a generally concave cross section are supported by the wall surface of the structure with the opening side facing upward, and are spaced at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction. The greening unit is arranged between a pair of gutter members arranged in parallel in the vertical direction, with the frame member being removably supported by the gutter members.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2007-222015

In Cited Document 1, the soil bases on which planting is performed are arranged vertically in a frame member. In the case of such a configuration, there is a possibility that a gap may be partially formed between the upper and lower abutting surfaces of the soil bases, and a discontinuous portion may occur between the upper and lower soil bases.

As described above, the discontinuity between the upper and lower culture soil bases may prevent plants from sufficiently spreading their roots in the vertical direction, which may impede plant growth. Alternatively, there is a risk that water may accumulate in discontinuous areas, become saturated, and drip.

In view of the above facts, the present invention aims to prevent or suppress the occurrence of areas where the planting sheets are not continuous between the upper and lower planting substrates.

A first aspect includes a planting mat that is configured by stacking a plurality of planting sheets, the vertical end lengths of the planting sheets are different, and a stepped portion is formed at the top and bottom ends, and the planting mat. This is a planting base including a pair of holding members that hold the planting mat by sandwiching it from both sides.

In the planting base of the first aspect, the stepped portions of the planting mat are connected in the vertical direction so as to engage with each other, so that the out-of-plane side surfaces of the upper and lower ends of the planting sheet come into contact with each other at the stepped portion. do. Therefore, when the planting bases are connected one above the other, the occurrence of areas where the planting sheets are not continuous between the upper and lower planting bases is prevented or suppressed.

In a second aspect, the holding member is formed of a plate material, and the upper and lower ends of the plate material match or substantially match the positions of the upper and lower ends of the outer planting sheet. It is a planting base.

In the planting base of the second aspect, the upper and lower ends of the plate material that is the holding member match or approximately match the positions of the upper and lower ends of the planting sheet on the outside in the out-of-plane direction, so that the stepped parts of the planting mat It is easy to connect in the vertical direction so that they engage.

In a third aspect, the planting base according to the first aspect or the second aspect is vertically connected so that the stepped portions engage with each other, and the accommodating portion in which the plant is planted is connected to at least one of the planting bases. This is a greening panel in which the planting sheet is formed to protrude from an opening provided in a holding member.

In the greening panel of the third aspect, the stepped portions of the planting base are connected in the vertical direction so as to engage with each other, so that the side surfaces of the upper and lower ends of the planting sheet in the out-of-plane direction are in contact with each other at the stepped portion. . Therefore, the occurrence of areas where the planting sheets are not continuous between the upper and lower planting substrates is prevented or suppressed. Thereby, the plant can sufficiently spread its roots in the vertical direction, and inhibition of plant growth due to the roots not being able to swell is prevented or suppressed. In addition, water is prevented or suppressed from remaining in discontinuous portions, becoming saturated, and dripping.

According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent or suppress the occurrence of areas where the planting sheets are not continuous between the upper and lower planting substrates.

It is an exploded perspective view of a planting base. It is a perspective view of a planting base. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a greening panel in which planting bases are arranged vertically and connected. FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of the greening panel viewed from the X direction. It is an exploded perspective view of a greening device. It is a perspective view of a greening device. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a vertical cross section along the Y direction of a state in which plants are planted in a storage portion formed in a planting base of the greening device. It is a block diagram of a irrigation device. It is an enlarged sectional view of the vertical cross section along the Y direction of the planting base of the first modification and the greening panel before the planting base is lined up and down and connected. It is an enlarged sectional view of the vertical cross section along the Y direction of the planting base of the second modification and the greening panel before the planting base is lined up and down and connected. It is an enlarged sectional view of the vertical cross section along the Y direction of the planting base of a third modification and the greening panel before the planting base is arranged vertically and connected. It is an enlarged sectional view of the vertical cross section along the Y direction of a planting base of a fourth modification and a greening panel in which the planting bases are arranged vertically and connected. It is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a vertical section along the Y direction of a planting base of a reference example and a greening panel in which the planting bases are arranged vertically and connected.

<Embodiment>
A planting base, a greening panel, and a greening device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. Note that the vertical direction is the Z direction, the left-right direction is the X direction, and the direction perpendicular to the Z direction and the X direction is the Y direction. Further, the thickness direction (out-of-plane direction) of the planting base is the Y direction, and a front view is defined as a view from the Y direction.

[structure]
The structures of the planting base, greening panel, and greening device will be explained.

(planting base)
First, the structure of the planting base will be explained.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the planting base 10 includes a planting mat 20 and a pair of steel plates 32 and 33 that hold both sides of the planting mat 20. There is.

The planting mat 20 is constructed by stacking a plurality of planting sheets 22 and 23, two planting sheets 22 and 23 in this embodiment. The planting sheets 22 and 23 constituting the planting mat 20 are made of a material that allows the roots 92 (see FIG. 7) of the plants 90 to enter (allows the roots 92 to grow) and has high water retention and water absorption properties, e.g. A porous material made of felt, nonwoven fabric, urethane, sponge, coconut fiber, etc. is processed into a sheet shape. In addition, the planting sheets 22 and 23 of this embodiment are made of porous bodies with high drainage performance having a saturated water content of 80% or more and a saturated hydraulic conductivity of 0.05 cm/s or more.

A plurality of openings 30 are formed in one of the plate materials 32 and 33 made up of a pair of steel plates. Note that in this embodiment, three rectangular openings 30 are formed, but this is just an example and is not limited to this.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the planting mat 20, the planting sheets 22 and 23 have different end lengths in the vertical direction, so that a stepped portion 26A is formed at the lower end, and a stepped portion 26A is formed at the upper end. A portion 26B is formed.

The lower end 32A and upper end 32B of the board 32 match or substantially match the positions of the lower end 22A and upper end 22B of the planting sheet 22. Similarly, the lower end 33A and upper end 33B of the board 33 match or substantially match the positions of the lower end 23A and upper end 23B of the planting sheet 23.

Furthermore, fastening holes 12 for bolt fastening are formed in the peripheral edges of the planting sheets 22 and 23 and the plate materials 32 and 33, respectively.

(Greening panel)
Next, the structure of the greening panel will be explained.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, the greening panel 50 is configured by being connected in the vertical direction so that the upper and lower stepped portions 26A and 26B of the planting mat 20 of the planting base 10 engage with each other. There is.

As shown in FIG. 4, at the engagement site between the stepped portion 26A and the stepped portion 26B, the side surface 22C of the lower end portion 22A of the planting sheet 22 of the upper planting base 10 and the planting of the lower planting base 10 The upper end 23B of the sheet 23 is in contact with the side surface 23C.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the planting sheet 22 of the planting mat 20 is pulled out and protrudes from the opening 30 of the board 32, and the greening panel 50 has an open upper part where the plants 90 are planted. A portion 40 is formed.

(An example of how to form the housing part)
Here, an example of a method for forming the accommodating portion will be described.

A horizontal cut is made in the planting sheet 22 through the opening 30 of the board 32 of the planting base 10. Then, a portion of the planting sheet 22 below the cut is pulled out so as to protrude from the opening 30, thereby forming a storage portion 40 with an open top.

(greening equipment)
Next, the structure of the greening device will be explained.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the greening device 100 includes a greening panel 50, a fixing jig 110 for fixing the greening panel 50 to the outer or inner wall surface 14, and a irrigation device 900.

The fixing jigs 110 are made of C-shaped steel, and are arranged along the horizontal direction on the wall surface 14, and a plurality of fixing jigs 110 are provided on the wall surface 14 at intervals in the vertical direction. A head 122 of a bolt 120 is inserted into the fixing jig 110. Then, the shaft portion 124 of the bolt 120 is inserted into the fastening hole 12 (see FIG. 5, FIG. 1, and FIG. 2) of the planting base 10, and is fastened with the nut 126. The sheets 22, 23 and the plate materials 32, 33 are integrated and fixed to the wall surface 14. Furthermore, the planting bases 10 are connected in the vertical direction to form a greening panel 50. Further, a housing portion 40 with an open upper portion in which a plant 90 is planted is formed in the opening portion 30 .

As described above, in this embodiment, by arranging the planting sheets 22 and 23 and the board materials 32 and 33 vertically and fixing them to the wall surface 14, these are integrated and become the planting base 10, and the planting base 10 is When the upper and lower stepped portions 26A and 26B of the planting mat 20 are engaged and connected, a greening panel 50 is formed.

Note that there is a slight gap between the lower ends 32A, 33A of the plates 32, 33 of the upper planting base 10 and the upper ends 32B, 33B of the plates 32, 33 of the lower planting base 10 in order to absorb various tolerances. t (see FIG. 4, etc.).

As shown in FIG. 8, the irrigation device 900 includes a hose 912, a pump 910, and a control device 914 that is electrically connected to the pump 910 and controls the pump 910. Further, a plurality of holes 904 are formed in the outer peripheral surface 902A of the distal end portion 902 of the hose 912.

As shown in FIG. 5, the tip 902 of the hose 912 of the irrigation device 900 is arranged on the upper end of the planting base 10 above the greening panel 50 along the X direction.

A controller 914 shown in FIG. 8 controls the pump 910 so that a predetermined amount of water is supplied to the hose 912 at regular intervals. Then, when water is supplied to the hose 912, water is discharged from each hole 904 of the tip portion 902 and permeates into the planting mat 20 (planting sheets 22, 23). That is, the planting mat 20 (planting sheets 22, 23) is watered. In addition, in this embodiment, water containing fertilizer is discharged (irrigation) (liquid fertilizer irrigation). Further, a water irrigation switch (not shown) is electrically connected to the control device 914, so that water can be sprayed as desired.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a parting member 800 having a groove-shaped cross section is provided at the upper end of the greening panel 50. As shown in FIGS. Furthermore, a drainage gutter 810 having a groove-shaped cross section is provided at the lower end of the greening panel 50. A drain port (not shown) is formed at one longitudinal end of the drain gutter 810, and a drain pipe 812 is connected to the drain port.

The plants 90 planted in the housing section 40 shown in FIG. 6 grow with roots 92 on the planting sheets 22 and 23, as shown in FIG.

<Action and effect>
Next, the functions and effects of this embodiment will be explained.

In the planting base 10 constituting the greening panel 50, the upper and lower stepped portions 26A and 26B of the planting mat 20 are connected in the vertical direction so as to engage with each other, so that planting can be carried out at the stepped portions 26A and 26B. A side surface 22C of the lower end 22A of the sheet 22 and a side surface 23C of the upper end 23B of the planting sheet 23 are in contact with each other. Therefore, the occurrence of discontinuous portions between the planting mats 20 of the upper and lower planting bases 10 is prevented or suppressed.

In this way, by preventing or suppressing the occurrence of parts where the upper and lower planting sheets 22 and 23 are not continuous between the upper and lower planting bases 10, the plants 90 planted in the storage section 40 are The roots 92 can be sufficiently spread, and inhibition of the growth of the plants 90 is prevented or suppressed.

In addition, water is prevented or suppressed from remaining in discontinuous portions of the upper and lower planting sheets 22, 23, becoming saturated, and dripping.

In addition, in the planting base 10, the lower ends 32A, 33A and upper ends 32B, 33B of the plates 32, 33 that are holding members are in the vertical direction of the lower ends 22A, 23A and upper ends 22B, 23B of the planting sheets 22, 23. Since the position of the planting mat 20 matches or substantially matches the position of the planting mat 20, it is easy to connect the stepped portions 26A and 26B of the planting mat 20 in the vertical direction.

Here, a greening panel will be described in which planting bases of a comparative example in which no stepped portions are formed at the upper and lower ends of the planting mat are vertically arranged and connected.

In the planting base and greening panel of such a comparative example, the upper and lower end surfaces of the planting sheet constituting the planting mat come into contact with each other to ensure continuity. However, in the case of such a connection structure, there are likely to be parts where the end surfaces of the planting sheet do not contact each other and are not continuous. If there are parts that are not continuous between the upper and lower planting sheets, the plants will not be able to spread their roots sufficiently in the vertical direction, and there is a possibility that the growth of the plants will be inhibited. In addition, there is a risk that water may accumulate in discontinuous areas, become saturated, and drip.

Alternatively, if the top and bottom edges of the planting sheet are set to be longer so that the edges of the planting sheet do not touch each other and discontinuous areas are less likely to occur, if the edges are too long, there is a risk that the edges may protrude and drip from the edges. There is.

In contrast, in this embodiment, as described above, in the planting base 10 of the greening panel 50, the upper and lower stepped portions 26A and 26B of the planting mat 20 are connected in the vertical direction so as to engage with each other. By doing so, the side surface 23C of the lower end 23A of the planting sheet 23 and the side surface 22C of the upper end 22B of the planting sheet 22 come into contact, and the occurrence of discontinuous parts between the upper and lower planting mats 20 is prevented or suppressed. Therefore, the roots of the plant can be sufficiently spread in the vertical direction, and dripping is prevented or suppressed.

In addition, various tolerances can be absorbed by providing gaps t between the lower ends 32A, 33A of the plates 32, 33 of the upper planting base 10 and the upper ends 32B, 33B of the plates 32, 33 of the lower planting base 10. At the same time, various tolerances can be ensured widely.

<Modified example>
Next, modified examples of the planting base and greening panel of this embodiment will be described.

(First variation)
The planting base 11 of the first modification shown in FIG. 9 has a structure in which both sides of a planting mat 21 on which a planting sheet 22, a planting sheet 23, and a planting sheet 25 are stacked are sandwiched between board members 32 and 33. ing.

In the planting mat 21, the planting sheets 22, 23, and 25 have different end lengths in the vertical direction, and a step-like step portion 56A is formed at the lower end, and a step-like step portion 56B is formed at the upper end. .

The lower end 32A and upper end 32B of the board 32 match or substantially match the lower end 22A and upper end 22B of the outer planting sheet 22. Further, the lower end 33A and upper end 33B of the board 33 match or substantially match the lower end 23A and upper end 23B of the planting sheet 23 on the opposite side.

The greening panel 51 of the first modification is configured such that the upper and lower stepped portions 56A and 56B of the planting mat 21 of the planting base 11 are connected in the vertical direction so as to engage with each other.

(Second modification)
The planting base 13 of the second modified example shown in FIG. 10 has a structure in which both sides of a planting mat 27 on which the planting sheets 22, 23, and 25 are stacked are sandwiched between board members 32 and 33. ing.

In the planting mat 27, the planting sheet 22 and the planting sheets 23 and 25 have different end lengths in the vertical direction, and a step-like step portion 57A is formed at the lower end, and a step-like step portion 57B is formed at the upper end. It is formed.

The lower end 32A and upper end 32B of the board 32 match or substantially match the lower end 22A and upper end 22B of the outer planting sheet 22. Further, the lower end 33A and upper end 33B of the board 33 match or substantially match the lower end 23A and upper end 23B of the planting sheet 23 on the opposite side.

The greening panel 53 of the second modification is configured such that the upper and lower stepped portions 57A and 57B of the planting mat 27 of the planting base 13 are connected in the vertical direction so as to engage with each other.

(Third variation)
The planting base 17 of the third modified example shown in FIG. 11 has a structure in which both sides of a planting mat 28 on which a planting sheet 22, a planting sheet 23, and a planting sheet 25 are stacked are sandwiched between board members 32 and 33. ing.

In the planting mat 28, the planting sheets 22, 23 and the planting sheet 25 have different end lengths in the vertical direction, and a stepped portion 58A is formed at the lower end, and a stepped portion 58B is formed at the upper end. Note that the stepped portion 58A in this modification is concave, and the stepped portion 58B is convex.

The lower end 32A and upper end 32B of the board 32 match or substantially match the lower end 22A and upper end 22B of the outer planting sheet 22. Further, the lower end 33A and upper end 33B of the board 33 match or substantially match the lower end 23A and upper end 23B of the planting sheet 23 on the opposite side.

The greening panel 55 of the third modification has a stepped portion 58B between the lower end portion 22A of the planting sheet 22 and the lower end portion 23A of the planting sheet 23 of the stepped portion 58A of the planting mat 28 of the planting base 17. The upper end portion 25B is inserted and connected in the vertical direction so as to be engaged with each other.

(Fourth variation)
In the planting base 19 of the fourth modified example shown in FIG. It doesn't match. Further, in this modification, the lower end portion 32A and the upper end portion 32B of the plate material 32 are located at the same height.

The greening panel 59 of the fourth modification is configured such that the upper and lower stepped portions 26A and 26B of the planting mat 20 of the planting base 19 are connected in the vertical direction so as to engage with each other.

In addition, in this modification, the upper end 22B of the planting sheet 22 is inserted between the lower end 32A of the board 32 and the lower end 23A of the planting sheet 23. Similarly, the lower end 23A of the planting sheet 23 is inserted between the upper end 33B of the board 33 and the upper end 22B of the planting sheet 22.

<Reference example>
Next, a modification of the greening panel of the reference example will be described.

In the greening panel 500 of the reference example shown in FIG. 13, both sides of a planting section 520 configured by being connected in the vertical direction so that the upper and lower stepped portions 26A and 26B of the planting mat 20 engage with each other are made of plate material. The structure is sandwiched between 532 and 533. Note that the plate materials 532 and 533 are provided so as to cover an engagement site where the stepped portion 26A and the stepped portion 26B are engaged.

<Others>
Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and modifications.

For example, in the above embodiment, by fixing to the wall surface 14, the planting sheets 22, 23 and the planks 32, 33 are integrated to form the planting base 10, and the planting base 10 is connected vertically for greening. Although the panel 50 is used, the present invention is not limited thereto. By integrating the planting sheets 22 and 23 and the board materials 32 and 33 in advance and manufacturing the planting base 10 at another location or on-site, and arranging the planting bases 10 vertically and fixing them to the wall surface 14, the greening panel 50 is created. It may be configured as follows. Furthermore, the greening panel 50 may be manufactured in advance by arranging the planting bases 10 vertically and connecting them with connecting members, and the greening panel 50 to which the planting bases 10 are connected may be fixed to the wall surface 14.

Further, in the above embodiment, the greening panel 50 is fixed to the wall surface 14, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The greening panel 50 may be fixed on the floor or the ground. In this case, a plurality of openings 30 may be formed in both one plate material 32 and the other plate material 33, and plants 90 may be planted on both sides.

Further, for example, in the above embodiments and modified examples, two planting sheets 22, 23 or three planting sheets 22, 23, 25 are laminated, but the invention is not limited to this. Four or more planting sheets may be stacked.

Further, for example, a waterproof sheet may be sandwiched between the planting mats 20, 21, 27, and 28 and the board materials 32 and 33. The waterproof sheet may be made of a material such as rubber or vinyl that has a moisture evaporation prevention function. In addition, the waterproof sheet may be made of a material that has heat shielding properties, non-combustibility, and excellent weather resistance, in addition to the moisture evaporation prevention function, such as a vulcanized rubber sheet. Note that the waterproof sheet is also pulled out together with the planting sheet 22 to form a storage section.

Moreover, when the waterproof sheets are sandwiched, drying of the planting mats 20, 21, 27, and 28 is effectively prevented.

Further, for example, in the above embodiments and modified examples, the planting sheet is a porous material made of felt, nonwoven fabric, urethane, sponge, coconut fiber, etc., processed into a sheet shape, but it is not limited to this. . The planting sheet may be made of artificial soil or cultured soil such as Kuroboku soil that has been processed into a sheet shape. Note that "sheet-like" includes "plate-like" which has high out-of-plane rigidity and poor flexibility.

Further, for example, in the embodiment and modification described above, the plate members 32 and 33 are flat plates made of steel plates, but the present invention is not limited thereto. It may be a plate material made of metal other than steel. For example, it may be a plate made of light metal such as aluminum. Furthermore, it may be a plate made of a material other than metal, for example, a resin such as acrylic.

Furthermore, a holding member other than a plate may be used. For example, the holding member may be a wire mesh member composed of horizontal members and vertical members arranged in a lattice shape made of metal wires, and a frame member. Moreover, a plate material may be provided on one side of the planting mat, and a wire mesh member may be provided on the other side.

Furthermore, the invention may be implemented in various ways without departing from the spirit of the invention. A plurality of embodiments, modifications, etc. can be implemented in combination as appropriate.

10 Planting base 11 Planting base 13 Planting base 17 Planting base 19 Planting base 20 Planting mat 21 Planting mat 22 Planting sheet 23 Planting sheet 25 Planting sheet 26A Step part 26B Step part 27 Planting mat 28 Planting mat 30 Opening 32 Board material (an example of a holding member)
33 Plate material (an example of a holding member)
40 Storage part 50 Greening panel 51 Greening panel 53 Greening panel 55 Greening panel 56A Step part 56B Step part 57A Step part 57B Step part 58A Step part 58B Step part 59 Greening panel 90 Plant 100 Greening device

Claims (3)

A plurality of planting sheets arranged in an upright manner are stacked in the thickness direction , and at least one of the planting sheets is overlapped vertically with respect to the neighboring planting sheet, so that the end portion A planting mat that is shifted vertically and has a stepped portion at the top and bottom ends;
a pair of holding members that hold the planting mat by sandwiching the planting mat from both sides in the thickness direction ;
A planting base with The holding member is formed of a plate material,
The upper and lower ends of the board material match or substantially match the positions of the upper and lower ends of the planting sheet on the outside in the thickness direction of the planting mat ,
The planting base according to claim 1. The planting base according to claim 1 or 2 is connected in the vertical direction so that the stepped portions engage with each other,
A housing portion in which plants are planted is formed by causing the planting sheet to protrude from an opening provided in at least one of the holding members,
Greening panel.