JP6992278B2 - Planting base and greening equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a planting base and a greening device.

Patent Document 1 discloses a technique relating to a greening structure for a rising surface such as a vertical surface. In this prior art, a panel-shaped case is used to form a panel, and the case is composed of a two-piece case. In the case, a gutter-shaped water receiver as a water storage unit is installed at the lower part thereof. The case is made of a synthetic resin molded product, a surface-treated steel plate, an aluminum alloy plate, or the like.

Patent Document 2 discloses a technique relating to an illuminated wall surface greening device. In this prior art, a plurality of wall surface greening units forming an array that is connected to each other left and right or vertically and horizontally to form an independent separation wall, and a lighting fixture provided on the upper part of the array of these plurality of wall surface greening units. It is equipped with. In the wall surface greening unit, a irrigation device is provided on a wall surface frame framed in a thin box shape, and the internal space is filled with a plant growing base. In addition, blended dedicated soil, other lightweight soil, etc. are used as the plant growth base.

In Patent Document 3, the sheet material and the water-retaining member are sandwiched between the second net material and attached to the panel material, so that the second net material, the sheet material, the water-retaining member and the panel material are integrated for planting. The underlying technology is disclosed. In this prior art, plants are planted in the accommodating portion formed of the sheet material and the outer water retaining material and protruding from the mesh of the second net material, and the plants planted in the accommodating portion are used as the first net material of the water retaining member. It grows with roots entwined.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-280285 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-180274 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-128228

In the greening techniques of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, a case made of a synthetic resin molded product, a surface-treated steel plate, an aluminum alloy plate, and the like, and a wall frame filled with soil are used. Therefore, it is possible to plant on both sides of the vertical wall surface, but the planting base on which the plant is planted is thick and heavy. Therefore, it is desired to reduce the weight of the planting base.

Further, in the greening technique of Patent Document 3, a flexible sheet is used as a planting base and is integrated with a panel material. Therefore, although the weight of the planting base has been reduced, the side that can be planted is limited to one side.

An object of the present invention is to reduce the weight of the planting base on which plants are planted and to enable planting on both sides.

The first aspect has a planting mat having a water retention sheet, a planting sheet stacked on one or both surfaces of the water retention sheet, and a plurality of cross members arranged at intervals. , A planting member including a holding member that sandwiches and holds the planting mat from both sides, and a storage portion in which the planting sheet is formed so as to project from between the cross member and the cross member, and a plant is planted. It is a planting base.

In the planting base of the first aspect, a planting mat in which a planting sheet is stacked on one surface or both surfaces of a water retention sheet is sandwiched between holding members having a plurality of cross members arranged at intervals. It is a structure to hold. Therefore, the planting base of the first aspect is thinner and lighter than the structure in which the planting mat is fixed to the hard panel.

In addition, when the planting sheets are stacked on both sides of the water retention sheet, plants can be planted on both sides of the planting base.

In the second aspect , a waterproof sheet is provided between the planting mat and the holding member, and the waterproof sheet projects together with the planting sheet from between the cross member and the cross member to accommodate the cross member. The planting base according to the first aspect , which forms a portion.

In the second aspect of the planting base , the tarpaulin protects the planting mat and suppresses drying.

The third aspect is the planting base according to the first or second aspect , the supporting means for supporting the planting base at an angle with respect to the horizontal plane, and the upper end portion of the water retention sheet of the planting base. It is a greening device equipped with a irrigation device that irrigates from.

In the greening device of the third aspect, the water irrigated from the upper end of the water retention sheet of the planting mat of the planting base flows down in the water retention sheet by gravity, and the storage portion formed by the planting sheet by the capillary phenomenon. Is taken in by. Then, the roots of the plants planted in the containment part extend in the planting mat. On the other hand, the surplus water that is not required for the growth of the plant 14 is drained from the lower end of the water retention sheet.

Therefore, in the planting mat, the moisture condition and the air condition are preferably maintained for the growth of the planted plant.

In the fourth aspect , a gutter member is provided adjacent to the lower end portion of the support means, and an extension portion extending to the gutter member is provided at the lower end portion of the water retention sheet of the planting base. The greening device according to the third aspect .

In the greening device according to the fourth aspect, excess water is drained from the extension portion extending from the lower end portion of the water retention sheet to the gutter member, so that the accumulation of water at the lower end portion of the water retention sheet is effectively suppressed. To. Therefore, root rot and the like due to the accumulation of water at the lower end of the water retention sheet are suppressed.

According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the weight of the planting base on which the plant is planted and to enable planting on both sides.

It is an exploded perspective view of the planting base before stacking and integrating each sheet. It is a vertical sectional view along the Y direction of the lower part of the planting base before forming the accommodating part. It is a perspective view of the support member of a greening apparatus. It is a side view which looked at the lower part of the greening apparatus before forming the accommodating part in a planting base from the X direction. It is a perspective view which shows the process of forming the accommodating part in the planting base in order from (A) to (C). It is a vertical sectional view along the Y direction of the upper part of the greening apparatus in the state where the plant is planted in the accommodating part of the planting base. It is a perspective view of a planting base in a state where a plant is planted in a containment part. It is a block diagram which shows the irrigation apparatus.

<Embodiment>
Next, a planting base and a greening device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. The vertical direction is the Z direction, the left-right direction is the X direction, and the direction orthogonal to the Z direction and the X direction is the Y direction. The thickness direction of the planting base 10 described later is the Y direction. Further, the diagrams of the state in which the plant 14 to be described later is planted are FIGS. 6 and 7, and other than these, it is the diagram of the state in which the plant 14 is not planted.

[Construction]
First, the structures of the planting base 10 and the greening device 100 will be described.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the planting base 10 has a planting mat 50 and holding members 60 and 62 that sandwich and hold both sides of the planting mat 50. Further, in the planting base 10 of the present embodiment, the waterproof sheets 70 and 72 are laminated on both sides of the planting mat 50, respectively. That is, the waterproof sheets 70 and 72 are provided between the planting mat 50 and the holding members 60 and 62.

Further, the planting mat 50 has a water-retaining sheet 20 and planting sheets 30 and 32 stacked on both sides of the water-retaining sheet 20.

The water-retaining sheet 20 and the planting sheets 30 and 32 constituting the planting mat 50 are made of a porous body made of a material having high water-retaining and water-absorbing properties (felt, non-woven fabric, urethane, sponge, palm fiber, etc.) in the form of a sheet. It is processed into. The water-retaining sheet 20 of the present embodiment uses a porous body having a saturated water content of 80% or more and a saturated water permeability coefficient of 0.05 cm / s or more and having high drainage performance. Further, in the present embodiment, the planting sheets 30 and 32 use a porous body made of the same material as the water retention sheet 20.

The waterproof sheets 70 and 72 are made of a material having a function of preventing water evaporation, such as rubber or vinyl. In this embodiment, a vulcanized rubber-based sheet having heat-shielding property and non-flammability and excellent weather resistance was used in addition to the function of preventing water evaporation.

The holding members 60 and 62 are composed of a horizontal member 64, a vertical member 66, and a frame member 68, respectively, which are made of a metal wire. The cross member 64 and the vertical member 66 are arranged and joined in a grid pattern. Then, the ends of the horizontal members 64 and the vertical members 66 arranged in a grid pattern are joined to the frame member 68 having a rectangular shape when viewed from the Y direction. The horizontal member 64 and the vertical member 66 are arranged so as to face each other with the planting mat 50 interposed therebetween.

As shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 6, the greening device 100 includes a planting base 10, a support member 110 (see FIGS. 3 and 4), and an irrigation device 200 (see FIGS. 6 and 8). And have. The support member 110 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) supports the planting base 10 at an angle with respect to the horizontal plane in the vertical or substantially vertical direction in the present embodiment. The irrigation device 200 (see FIGS. 6 and 8) irrigates from the upper end 22 (see FIG. 6) of the water retention sheet 20 of the planting base 10. In FIG. 3, the planting mat 50 of the planting base 10 and the gutter member 150 (see FIG. 4) described later are not shown.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the support member 110 includes a support column 124 (see FIG. 3) provided on the ground 12 and a base portion 130. As shown in FIG. 3, the support column 124 has facing support plates 120 and 122 arranged at intervals in the Y direction, and the support plates 120 and 122 sandwich and support the holding members 60 and 62. There is. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the base portions 130 are arranged at intervals in the X direction, and hold and support the lower end portions of the columns 124 (support plates 120, 122) and also hold the holding member 60. , 62 supports the lower end.

As shown in FIG. 8, the irrigation device 200 includes a tubular hose 202 having a plurality of holes 204 formed on the outer peripheral surface 202A, a pump 210, a tube 212 connecting the hose 202 and the pump 210, and a pump 210. It has a control unit 214, which is electrically connected and controls the pump 210.

As shown in FIG. 6, the hose 202 of the irrigation device 200 is arranged along the X direction on the upper end portion 22 of the water retention sheet 20 of the planting base 10.

The control unit 214 shown in FIG. 8 controls the pump 210 so that a predetermined amount of water is periodically supplied to the hose 202. Then, when water is supplied to the hose 202, water is discharged from each hole 204 and permeates into the water retention sheet 20 and the planting sheets 30 and 32 shown in FIG. That is, the water retention sheet 20 and the planting sheets 30 and 32 are irrigated. In this embodiment, water containing fertilizer is discharged (irrigated) (liquid fertilizer irrigation).

As shown in FIG. 4, the ground 12 is provided with a gutter member 150 along the X direction. The gutter member 150 is provided adjacent to the base 130. Then, an extension portion 24 extending from the lower end portion of the water retention sheet 20 of the planting base 10 to the gutter member 150 is pulled out.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the waterproof sheets 70 and 72 and the planting sheets 30 and 32 project from between the cross member 64 and the cross member 64 (lattice mesh), and the upper part where the plant 14 is planted is An open accommodating portion 180 is formed. In the present embodiment, the accommodating portions 180 are formed on both sides of the planting base 10, and the plants 14 are planted on both sides. Note that FIG. 7 illustrates only the planting base 10.

(Method of forming the accommodating part)
Next, an example of the method of forming the accommodating portion 180 will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, although FIG. 5 shows the case where the accommodating portion 180 is formed on one surface on the waterproof sheet 70 side, the same applies to the case where the accommodating portion 180 is formed on the other surface on the opposite side of the waterproof sheet 72 side. Is.

As shown in FIG. 5A, a horizontal cut 55 is made in the waterproof sheet 70 (72) and the planting sheet 30 (32) of the planting base 10. As shown in FIG. 5B, the lower portion of the cut 55 in the waterproof sheet 70 (72) and the planting sheet 30 (32) is pulled out so as to protrude from between the cross member 64 and the cross member 64. , As shown in FIG. 5 (C), the accommodating portion 180 having an open upper portion is formed.

[Action and effect]
Next, the operation and effect of this embodiment will be described.

A planting mat 50 in which the planting sheets 30 and 32 are stacked on both sides of the water-retaining sheet 20 is sandwiched between the waterproof sheets 70 and 72 and sandwiched between the holding members 60 and 62 from both sides to be integrated. It becomes the planting base 10 that has been planted. Therefore, for example, it is thinner and lighter than a structure in which the planting mat 50 is fixed to a hard panel. In addition, the cost is low and the construction is easy.

Further, the plant 14 is planted in the accommodating portion 180 which is formed of the waterproof sheets 70 and 72 and the planting sheets 30 and 32 and protrudes from between the cross member 64 and the cross member 64 (lattice mesh). The plant 14 planted in the accommodating portion 180 grows with roots 16 on the water retention sheet 20 and the planting sheets 30 and 32 (see FIG. 6).

The accommodating portion 180 in which the plant 14 is planted is supported by the cross member 64. Further, by sandwiching the planting mat 50 of the planting base 10 from both sides by the cross member 64, the soft water-retaining sheet 20 and the planting mat 50 composed of the planting sheets 30 and 32 can be held. By sandwiching and holding the planting mat 50 in this way, the planting mat 50 is compressed in the thickness direction (Y direction) (see FIGS. 2, 4 and 6). Therefore, the permeated water flows in the lateral direction (X direction), and the water permeates uniformly into the planting mat 50. In addition, the plant 14 is prevented from sliding downward, and the growing environment of the plant 14 can be appropriately maintained.

Further, since the planting sheets 30 and 32 are stacked on both sides of the water retention sheet 20, the plant 14 can be planted on both sides of the planting base 10.

The thinning, lightening, and double-sided planting of the planting base 10 saves space and increases the plantable area, so that greening can be performed efficiently. In addition, the efficient greening of the planting base 10 makes it possible to efficiently take measures against the heat island phenomenon.

By automatically irrigating the planting mat 50 with the irrigation device 200, the management work of the plant 14 is simplified as compared with the case where a person replenishes water separately.

The water irrigated from the upper end 22 of the water retention sheet 20 of the planting mat 50 of the planting base 10 is formed by the planting sheets 30, 32 and these by the capillary phenomenon in the process of flowing down in the water retention sheet 20 by gravity. It is taken into the accommodating portion 180. Then, the root 16 of the plant 14 planted in the accommodating portion 180 extends in the planting mat 50. On the other hand, the surplus water that is not required for the growth of the plant 14 is drained from the extending portion 24 at the lower end of the water retention sheet 20 to the gutter member 150.

Therefore, in the planting mat 50, moisture conditions, air conditions, and the like are suitably maintained for the growth of the planted plant 14. Further, the waterproof sheets 70 and 72 protect the planting mat 50 and suppress drying.

Further, since the excess water is drained from the extending portion 24 extending from the lower end portion of the water retaining sheet 20 to the gutter member 150, the accumulation of water in the lower end portion of the water retaining sheet 20 is effectively suppressed. Therefore, root rot and the like due to the accumulation of water at the lower end of the water retention sheet 20 are effectively suppressed.

Here, as described above, the water retention sheet 20 has both a function of supplying water to the plant 14 and a function of draining excess water. Therefore, the moisture condition, the air condition, and the like are more preferably maintained for the growth of the plant 14. In the present embodiment, by using a porous body having a saturated water content of 80% or more and a saturated water permeability coefficient of 0.05 cm / s or more and high drainage performance for the water retention sheet 20, growth conditions such as water conditions and air conditions are used. It is possible to keep it suitable.

<Others>
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

For example, in the above embodiment, the waterproof sheets 70 and 72 are stacked on both sides of the planting mat 50, but the present invention is not limited to this. The structure may not include one or both of the waterproof sheet 70 and the waterproof sheet 72.

Further, for example, in the above embodiment, the accommodating portions 180 are formed on both sides of the planting base 10, and the plant 14 is planted, but the present invention is not limited to this. The accommodating portion 180 may be formed only on one surface of the planting base 10, and the plant 14 may be planted.

Further, for example, in the above embodiment, the planting mat 50 has the planting sheets 30 and 32 stacked on both sides of the water retention sheet 20, but the planting mat 50 is not limited to this. Only one of the planting sheet 30 and the planting sheet 32 may be stacked on the water retention sheet 20.

Further, for example, in the above embodiment, the holding members 60 and 62 are composed of a horizontal member 64, a vertical member 66, and a frame member 68, respectively, which are made of a metal wire, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The vertical member 66 may be absent and may be composed of the horizontal member 64 and the frame member 68, or may have only the horizontal member 64. When it is composed of only the cross member 64, for example, the cross member 64 may be joined to the support column 124.

That is, the planting base 10 is spaced apart from the planting mat 50 in which the planting sheet 30 is stacked on at least one surface of the water retention sheet 20 in the vertical direction (Z direction) sandwiching the planting mat 50 from both sides. Any structure may be used as long as it has a plurality of arranged cross members 64 which are arranged to face each other.

Further, for example, in the above embodiment, the gutter member 150 is provided adjacent to the base portion 130 constituting the lower end portion of the support member 110, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the gutter member 150 may be arranged directly under the planting mat 50. Alternatively, the gutter member 150 may not be provided and excess water may be drained directly to the ground 12.

Further, for example, in the above embodiment, the planting base 10 is supported by the support member 110 in the vertical direction or the substantially linear direction, but the present invention is not limited to this. The planting base 10 may be supported diagonally. Alternatively, the planting base 10 may be attached to an existing vertical or diagonal wall surface. In this case, the wall surface on which the planting base 10 is attached constitutes a part of the supporting means for supporting the planting base 10. Further, the angle of the planting base 10 is preferably 5 ° to 90 ° with respect to the horizontal plane.

Further, it can be carried out in various embodiments without departing from the gist of the present invention.

10 Planting base 14 Plant 20 Water retention sheet 24 Extension 30 Planting sheet 32 Planting sheet 50 Planting mat 60 Holding member 62 Holding member 64 Cross member 70 Waterproof sheet 72 Waterproof sheet 110 Support member (example of support means)
100 Greening equipment 150 Gutter members 180 Containment unit 200 Irrigation equipment

Claims (8)

A planting mat having a water-retaining sheet and a planting sheet stacked on both surfaces of the water-retaining sheet,
A holding member that has a plurality of cross members arranged at intervals and holds the planting mat by sandwiching it from both sides.
An accommodating portion in which the planting sheet is formed so as to project from between the cross member and the cross member, and the upper part of which the plant is planted is open .
Planting base equipped with. A waterproof sheet is provided between the holding members on both sides of the planting mat.
The waterproof sheet, together with the planting sheet, protrudes from between the cross member and the cross member to form the accommodating portion having an open upper portion.
The planting base according to claim 1. The water-retaining sheet is made of a porous body processed into a sheet shape.
The planting base according to claim 1 or 2. The water retention sheet is made of a porous body having a saturated water content of 80% or more and a saturated water permeability coefficient of 0.05 cm / s or more.
The planting base according to claim 3. The planting base according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the planting base according to claim 4.
A support means that supports the planting base at an angle with respect to the horizontal plane,
An irrigation device that irrigates from the upper end of the water retention sheet of the planting base, and
A greening device equipped with. A gutter member is provided adjacent to the lower end of the support means.
At the lower end of the water retention sheet of the planting base, an extension portion extending to the gutter member is provided.
The greening device according to claim 5. The support means is configured to include a support column provided on the ground and a base portion.
The greening device according to claim 5 or 6. The support column is supported by sandwiching the holding member between two support plates.
Two of the bases support the lower end of the support plate.
The greening device according to claim 7.

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