JP2014214310A - Fuel composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel composition, especially an easily ignitable low-carbon fuel composition which is usable in a stove provided with an electric igniter.SOLUTION: A fuel composition comprises a liquid fuel, an ignition accelerator, a stabilizer and a heat exchange promoter. The liquid fuel is a 1-4C alcohol and/or a 5-12C hydrocarbon and has a boiling point of 30-180°C. The ignition accelerator is a high-volatility hydrocarbon and is lower in boiling point and higher in volatility than the liquid fuel. The stabilizer is a ketone, an ether, a polymer of a molecular weight smaller than 5,000 dalton, or mixture of them. The heat exchange promoter consists of a high-thermal-conductivity material which is soluble in the liquid fuel and has a thermal conductivity of 0.20-0.65 W/(m K). With respect to the weight of the liquid fuel, the content of the ignition accelerator is at least 1 wt.%, the content of the stabilizer is 0-5 wt.%, and the content of the heat exchange promoter is 0-15 wt.%.

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel composition, and more particularly to an easily ignitable low carbon fuel composition that can be used in a stove equipped with an electric igniter.

  Conventionally, hydrocarbons such as cleaning naphtha and light oil have been used as fuel in addition to oil and natural gas. In recent years, energy that can replace fuels such as oil and natural gas has gradually emerged. Methanol is also known as a convenient and safe automotive fuel that can replace petroleum, natural gas, etc., in addition to being used as a solvent and for producing plastics, paints, explosives and textiles. Compared to other gaseous fuels and liquid fuels, the amount of carbon dioxide and NOx generated by combustion of methanol is small, so methanol is generally recognized as a clean fuel. Furthermore, since methanol has a low vapor pressure and high specific gravity, the risk of ignition is low. Methanol molecules contain oxygen atoms, which not only promotes sufficient combustion, but also provides high density energy. Specifically, the energy density of methanol is a maximum of 15746 kJ / L, while the energy density of natural gas and gaseous LPG (Liquidified Petroleum Gas) is only 36 kJ / L and 91 kJ / L, respectively. Only. Therefore, liquid methanol fuel has been widely used since 1964 to drive the internal combustion engine of Indianapolis Race (Indy 500).

  When using methanol fuel, moisture is added to reduce the cost of the fuel, and oils are added to increase the calorific value (energy generated when 1 kg or 1 L of a certain substance is completely burned). By adding moisture and oil as described above, the methanol fuel itself can be made unique. For example, in China, an attempt has been made to increase the calorific value by adding 4% of Jatropha oil (Nabbola oil) to methanol. However, this has caused a strange odor during combustion, and waste and white smoke that are harmful to the human body and the environment after combustion. In addition, when oils are added to methanol and used, the flame generated during combustion is usually red or yellow that exhibits incomplete combustion or a black residue.

  In addition, when liquid methanol is used as a fuel in a household stove, it is difficult to ignite, so an ignition type igniter such as a fire type is necessary. It will take from 50 seconds to 50 seconds or more.

  In view of the above, it has been desired to develop a liquid methanol fuel capable of providing a stable and continuous flame and capable of proceeding with complete combustion. The inventor has discovered that by adding an ignition accelerator to liquid methanol, it is possible to ignite quickly and to proceed a smooth combustion without using a fire type. This property is particularly suitable for use in a stove with an electric igniter.

  In addition to adding the above-mentioned ignition accelerator to liquid methanol, the ignition time can also be shortened by adding it to other liquid low-carbon alcohols and / or hydrocarbons (washing naphtha, light oil, etc.). It can also be used in a portable liquid transport system. In this way, options other than liquid methanol are also provided.

  The object of the present invention is a C 1-4 alcohol, a C 5-12 hydrocarbon, or a mixture thereof, a liquid fuel having a boiling point of 30 to 180 ° C., a lower boiling point and higher volatility than liquid fuel High volatility hydrocarbon ignition accelerators, ketones, ethers, polymers having a molecular weight of less than 5000 Daltons, or mixtures thereof, and soluble in liquid fuels, 0.20 to 0.65 W / It is intended to provide a fuel composition comprising a heat exchange promoter having a thermal conductivity of (m · K).

  In the fuel composition according to the present invention, the liquid fuel is preferably an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkane having 5 to 9 carbon atoms, or a mixture thereof, and particularly preferably methanol.

  In the fuel composition according to the present invention, based on the weight of the liquid fuel, the content of the ignition accelerator is at least 1% by weight, the content of the stabilizer is 0 to 5% by weight, and the content of the heat exchange accelerator is 0 to 15% by weight. The ignition accelerator is selected from the group consisting of LPG, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, petroleum, kerosene, diesel oil, and mixtures thereof.

  In the fuel composition according to the present invention, when a stabilizer is present, sustained and more stable combustion is provided. Such stabilizers are ketones, ethers, polymers having a molecular weight of less than 5000 daltons, or mixtures thereof. Preferably, the stabilizer content is from 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of the liquid fuel. Moreover, in the fuel composition according to the present invention, when a heat exchange accelerator is present, the net thermal conductivity of the gaseous fluid in the flame can be increased and the thermal efficiency of the liquid fuel can be improved. Such a heat exchange promoter is a high thermal conductivity material that is soluble in liquid fuel and has a thermal conductivity of 0.20 to 0.65 W / (m · K). Preferably, the content of the heat exchange promoter is 1 to 15% by weight based on the weight of the liquid fuel.

  In order to clarify the above-described problems, technical features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the specification and the drawings, and various embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention. Unless stated otherwise, terms in this specification (especially terms in the claims) shall refer to both the singular and the plural.

  The present invention provides a fuel composition characterized in that at least one ignition accelerator comprising at least 1% by weight of highly volatile hydrocarbons based on the weight of the liquid fuel is further added to the liquid fuel.

  In order to ignite fuel, it is known that the gas phase concentration of fuel needs to be higher than the lower flammability limit (LFL) and lower than the upper flammability limit (UFL). It was. In this concentration range, ignition energy is provided such that the temperature of the gaseous fuel exceeds the spontaneous ignition temperature, and as a result, combustion continues in this high temperature environment. For example, methanol has a boiling point of 64.5 ° C. and is liquid at room temperature, and the energy (ie, heat of vaporization) required to change the liquid methanol to gaseous methanol is 1180 kJ / kg. In the presence of sufficient vaporization energy, minimum ignition occurs when the vapor phase concentration of methanol is higher than its LFL (ie, 7.3%, see page 563 of Chemical Properties Handbook by CL Yaws). With energy (ie, 0.13 mJ), methanol can be ignited. The heat of combustion released during the combustion of gaseous methanol can supply the amount of heat necessary for the vaporization of liquid methanol. As a result, more and more gaseous methanol is produced, and more and more oxygen atoms are continuously activated to form oxygen free radicals. This oxygen free radical is subjected to an oxidation reaction during the combustion chain reaction, and as a result, a flame is continuously produced.

  However, the flash point of methanol (the lowest temperature at which the vapor volatilized from the flammable liquid mixes with air to form a flammable mixture, reaches a certain concentration, and then flashes and ignites momentarily when it comes in contact with the fire source) Is 11 ° C. When the ambient temperature is relatively low or close to the flash point, it is difficult to volatilize methanol and reach the LFL. Furthermore, even when used at room temperature, when liquid methanol flows into the combustion head of the stove, there is usually not enough time to absorb the energy for the methanol to volatilize and reach the LFL. Therefore, in an operating environment of 18 ° C., it usually takes 30 to 50 seconds to sufficiently increase the vapor phase concentration of methanol to reach the LFL and cause sustained combustion.

  The inventor has discovered that adding a small amount of highly volatile hydrocarbons to liquid fuel as an ignition accelerator can improve the ignition difficulty of the liquid fuel and shorten the ignition time. In the present specification, the “highly volatile hydrocarbon” usually means a hydrocarbon having a vapor pressure higher than 15 kilopascals under standard conditions (20 ° C., 1 atm). Furthermore, the “highly volatile hydrocarbon” used in the present invention has a lower boiling point and higher volatility than the liquid fuel used in the present invention. When the liquid fuel is liquid methanol, the flash point, heat of vaporization, and / or LFL of “highly volatile hydrocarbons” are relatively low compared to the liquid methanol.

  While not intending to be bound by this theory, a small amount of the ignition accelerator used in the fuel composition according to the present invention dissolves in the liquid fuel to form a uniform mixture. The highly volatile hydrocarbons dissolved in this manner are easily volatilized and reach the LFL because the fuel composition flows into the combustion head of the stove because it has a low boiling point and high volatility. This allows ignition energy to be supplied using an electric igniter, allowing the fuel composition to be easily ignited and continuously burned without waiting for the liquid fuel to volatilize and reach a predetermined gas phase concentration. It becomes. In addition, since the ignition accelerator used in the present invention is a highly volatile hydrocarbon, the fuel composition is provided in order to provide a partial pressure in a container (for example, a storage tank) in which the fuel composition according to the present invention is stored. Can help send out to the stove.

  Traditionally, insoluble gases (eg, air, argon, or hydrogen) provide partial pressure in the liquid fuel storage tank, but unlike the ignition promoters of the present invention, they are only slightly soluble in the liquid fuel. Without it, it was thought that ignition of liquid fuel could not be promoted. Furthermore, in the aspect in which the partial pressure is provided using insoluble gas, the liquid level of the fuel in the storage tank decreases and the volume on the liquid level increases as the liquid fuel is transported. The applied pressure will gradually decrease (P = nRT / V). However, in the present invention, since the ignition accelerator is partially dissolved and stored in the liquid fuel to form a uniform fuel composition solution, the fuel composition flows out of the storage tank and the space on the liquid surface increases. However, since the ignition accelerator partially dissolved and volatilized in the liquid fuel is volatilized, a constant pressure is maintained on the liquid surface, and as a result, there is no gradual pressure decrease in the storage tank.

  In the fuel composition according to the present invention, the contained liquid fuel is an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbon having 5 to 12 carbon atoms, or a mixture thereof, and has a boiling point of 30 to 180 ° C. The liquid fuel is preferably a C 1-4 alcohol, a C 5-9 alkane, or a mixture thereof. For example, the liquid fuel is methanol, ethanol, propanol, 2-propanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, isobutanol, n-pentane, isopentane, cyclopentane, n-hexane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, 2,2-dimethylbutane, 2,3-dimethylbutane, cyclohexane, n-heptane, 2-methylhexane, 3-methylhexane, 2,2-dimethylpentane, 2,3-dimethylpentane, 2,4-dimethylpentane 3,3-dimethylpentane, 3-ethylpentane, 2,2,3-trimethylbutane, n-octane, 2-methylheptane, 3-methylheptane, 4-methylheptane, 2,2-dimethylhexane, 3, 3-dimethylhexane, 3-ethylhexane, 2,3-dimethylhexane, , 4-dimethylhexane, 2,5-dimethylhexane, 3,4-dimethylhexane, 2,3,4-trimethylpentane, 2,2,3-trimethylpentane, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, 2,3 , 3-trimethylpentane, 2-methyl-3-ethylpentane, 3-methyl-3-ethylpentane, 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane, n-nonane, 2-methyloctane, 3-methyloctane, 4-methyloctane, 2,2-dimethylheptane, 3,3-dimethylheptane, 3-ethylheptane, 2,3-dimethylheptane, 2,4-dimethylheptane, 2,5-dimethylheptane, 3,4-dimethyl Heptane, 2,3,4-trimethylhexane, 2,2,3-trimethylhexane, 2,2,4-trimethylhexane, 2,3,3-tri Tylhexane, 2-methyl-3-ethylhexane, 3-methyl-3-ethylhexane, 2,2,3,3-tetramethylpentane, 2-ethylheptane, 3-ethylheptane, 4-ethylheptane, 2-methyl 2-ethylhexane, 3-methyl-3-ethylhexane, 3-propylhexane, 2-methyl-3-ethylhexane, 2-ethyl-3-methylhexane, 2-methyl-4-ethylhexane, 2-ethyl -4-methylhexane, 2-methyl-5-ethylhexane, 2-ethyl-5-methylhexane, 3-methyl-4-ethylhexane, 3-ethyl-4-methylhexane, 2,3-dimethyl-4-ethyl Pentane, 2,4-dimethyl-3-ethylpentane, 3,4-dimethyl-2-ethylpentane, 2,2-dimethyl-3-ethylpentane 2,3-dimethyl-2-ethylpentane, 2,2-dimethyl-4-ethylpentane, 2,4-dimethyl-2-ethylpentane, 2,3-dimethyl-3-ethylpentane, 3,3-dimethyl 2-ethylpentane, 2,3-diethylpentane, 3,3-diethylpentane, 2,2,3-trimethyl-3-ethylbutane, 2,3,3-trimethyl-2-ethylbutane, or a combination thereof. May be. The liquid fuel is most preferably methanol.

  In the fuel composition according to the present invention, a highly volatile hydrocarbon having a low LFL, a low flash point, and / or a low heat of vaporization is used as an ignition accelerator, and usually at least 1% by weight (weight of fuel) Select a dissolved compound, for example, a compound selected from the group consisting of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), propane, butane, pentane, hexane, petroleum, kerosene, diesel oil, and mixtures thereof. Used in. Preferably, in the fuel composition according to the present invention, LPG, butane, and / or a mixture thereof is used as an ignition accelerator. Under standard conditions, the vapor pressure of LPG is 1400 kPa, the flash point is -60 ° C, LFL is 1.9%, the heat of vaporization is 415 kJ / kg, and the vapor pressure of butane is 172.3 kPa. The flash point is −60 ° C., the LFL is 1.9%, and the heat of vaporization is 387 kJ / kg.

  In the fuel composition according to the present invention, the amount of ignition accelerator used in the liquid fuel depends on various factors such as the type of ignition accelerator, the operating pressure of the liquid fuel, and the environmental temperature. For example, the operating pressure of a methanol fuel stove is typically controlled to a gauge pressure of 0.5 to 2 atm. If the ignition accelerator used has a relatively low boiling point or a relatively high ambient temperature, a relatively small amount of ignition accelerator is added. In addition, when operating in a low temperature environment (for example, subtropical or cold countries), the amount of ignition accelerator added is increased.

  In the fuel composition according to the present invention, if the amount of the ignition accelerator to be added is too small, the effect that ignition can be performed quickly cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the addition amount is too high, the manufacturing cost increases, and red or yellow flames may be generated due to incomplete combustion (a blue flame is exhibited if complete combustion). Therefore, the addition amount of the ignition accelerator is at least 1 wt% based on the weight of the liquid fuel, and may be 1 wt% to 8 wt%. In some embodiments of the invention, the ignition accelerator content is 4% to 8% by weight of the liquid fuel content.

  In addition to the ignition accelerator, the fuel composition according to the present invention selectively includes a stabilizer having a polarity intermediate between the liquid fuel and the ignition accelerator (ie, higher than the liquid fuel and lower than the ignition accelerator). However, this can further enhance the quality of combustion. For example, in the fuel composition according to the present invention, a ketone, an ether, a polymer having a molecular weight of less than 5000 daltons, or a mixture thereof can be used as a stabilizer. In one embodiment of the invention, the stabilizer includes acetone, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), dimethyl ether (DME), diethylene glycol (DEG), polyethylene glycol (PEG) with a molecular weight of less than 5000 daltons, one or more hydrophilic with a molecular weight of less than 5000 daltons. A polymer having a functional group in the main chain (for example, polypropylene glycol (PPG)) or a mixture thereof is used. The hydrophilic functional groups are each independently an ether group, an ester group, an amino group, a carboxyl group (—COOH), or a thiol group (—SH). In some embodiments of the invention, acetone and / or MEK are used as stabilizers.

In particular, in the fuel composition according to the present invention, when methanol is used as the liquid fuel, the flash point, heat of vaporization, and / or LFL of the “highly volatile hydrocarbon” of the ignition accelerator is lower than that of methanol. . Therefore, when the fuel composition according to the present invention flows into the combustion head, particularly in a high temperature operating environment, the vaporization rate of methanol is slower than the vaporization rate of the ignition accelerator, so the generated flame is unstable or suddenly expands. There is a risk of doing. With respect to this problem, the inventor can overcome the above-mentioned disadvantage that the flame is unstable by adding a small amount of stabilizer to methanol in order to stabilize the ignition accelerator, and proceed the combustion smoothly. I found out that I can do it. While not intending to be bound by theory, the use of stabilizers that have a lower electronic polarity than the methanol used will not dissolve between the ignition promoter (nonpolar hydrocarbon) and methanol (polar material). Act as a bridging or auxiliaries for preventing ignition promoters from being lost under ambient temperature or pressure, thus preventing the burning flame from suddenly expanding or becoming unstable Can do. For example, adding 5% by weight of LPG (ignition accelerator) to methanol at room temperature produces a gauge pressure of 1.5 kg / cm ² LPG vapor pressure (absolute pressure 2.5 kg / cm ² ). The addition of acetone (stabilizer) reduces the gauge pressure to 1.25 kg / cm ² . The addition of acetone not only stabilizes the LPG in methanol, but also helps to ignite the fuel composition by slightly increasing the amount of LPG dissolved in methanol.

  In the fuel composition according to the present invention, if the content of the stabilizer is too small, a stabilizing effect cannot be obtained, and conversely, if the content is too large, the cost is increased and wasted, and further, the ignition is accelerated. There is a risk of affecting the auxiliary combustion effect of the agent itself. Therefore, when a stabilizer is used in the fuel composition according to the present invention, the stabilizer content is 0.5% to 5% by weight, preferably 1% to 3%, based on the weight of the liquid fuel. % By weight. Under a low-temperature operating environment (for example, a cold zone), the amount of ignition accelerator is relatively small, so that the stabilizer content can be selectively reduced.

  The fuel composition according to the present invention may optionally contain a heat exchange accelerator. When methanol is used as a liquid fuel, when methanol burns to form a flame, the majority of the flame is water vapor and carbon dioxide, and a small amount is unburned methanol. When this methanol fuel is used to heat a kettle, the gaseous fluid in the flame forms a thin layer along the bottom of the kettle. The thermal conductivity of the thin layer affects the heat conduction from the flame to the kettle. As the thermal conductivity of the thin layer increases, the thermal efficiency of the fuel to the heated object also increases. The inventor has discovered that adding a heat exchange promoter to the fuel composition can increase the net thermal conductivity of the gaseous fluid in the flame and increase the thermal efficiency of the fuel composition.

  Any appropriate heat exchange promoter can be used in the fuel composition according to the present invention. The heat exchange promoter applicable to the present invention is usually selected from substances that are compatible with liquid fuel, easily volatilize, have a high thermal conductivity coefficient, and are difficult to remain in the stove and kettle. Is done. Depending on the application, it is desirable to use a high thermal conductivity material that is soluble in liquid fuel and has a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.20 to 0.65 W / (m · K) as the heat exchange accelerator. Preferably, the heat exchange promoter is selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, glycerol, ethylenediamine, water, and mixtures thereof.

  The amount of the heat exchange accelerator added to the fuel composition according to the present invention is such that when the heat exchange accelerator is actually used in the fuel composition, the heat released with combustion of the fuel is excessively consumed. Therefore, it must be controlled so as not to reduce the combustion efficiency. This point will be described in the case of using water as a heat exchange accelerator and methanol as a fuel. The heat of vaporization for changing water into water vapor is 2367 kJ / kg (at 300 K), which is approximately twice the heat of vaporization of methanol (1180 kJ / kg at 300 K). For this reason, the vaporizing action of water accounts for most of the heat released by the combustion of methanol, and rather reduces the combustion efficiency. Therefore, when the heat exchange accelerator is used in the fuel composition according to the present invention, the amount of the heat exchange accelerator is usually 1 to 15% by weight, preferably 3% by weight based on the weight of the liquid fuel. % To 10% by weight. If it is the range of the above-mentioned dosage, highly efficient heat exchange can be implement | achieved between a flame and a kettle, avoiding that a heat exchange promoter wastes a lot of heat | fever in a vaporization effect | action.

  Furthermore, the inventor has discovered that when a highly heat-conductive liquid such as glycerol, ethylene glycol, or water is used as the heat exchange accelerator, the addition of the heat exchange accelerator has an effect of shortening the ignition time. Although not intended to be bound by theory, it is believed that this effect is due to a decrease in the solubility of ignition accelerators such as LPG in fuels containing water. Specifically, due to the decrease in solubility, the amount of the same amount of ignition accelerator dissolved in the liquid fuel in the fuel composition storage tank decreases, and the gas pressure increases. As a result, when the fuel composition flows into the fuel head, the solubility of the ignition accelerator is reduced, and the ignition accelerator volatilizes quickly. It is possible to quickly ignite and burn the fuel to shorten the ignition time.

  In accordance with the present invention, the use of an ignition accelerator and, optionally, a stabilizer and a heat exchange accelerator in the liquid fuel provides a fuel composition that can be ignited quickly and burns smoothly. This composition is suitable for all kinds of stoves, in particular for stoves with electric igniters such as household gas stoves. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the following components and amounts of fuel composition are used in a household gas stove: methanol, hereinafter 4 to 6 wt% LPG as an ignition accelerator, based on the weight of methanol, stabilizer 1 to 3% by weight of methyl ethyl ketone, and 3 to 10% by weight of water as a heat exchange accelerator.

  The present invention will be described below with reference to examples. The examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. The protection scope of the present invention is indicated in the claims.

Example 1
According to the amounts shown in Tables 1 to 5, methanol and / or a stabilizer and a heat exchange accelerator were mixed to obtain a mixture. After placing the mixture in a storage tank, an ignition accelerator was added to the storage tank to adjust the pressure in the storage tank to 0.2 to 1.5 kg / cm ² (gauge pressure). The water heater with water was then placed on the stove and the stove was connected to the storage tank described above. Before starting the formal experiment, the flow control valve was adjusted to set the flow rate (F) of the liquid fuel composition flowing out of the storage tank (controlled from 10 to 20 g / min).

  The storage tank outlet was opened. The flow control valve was opened, and at the same time, an electric igniter was turned on to generate an electric spark. The time θ (unit: seconds) from opening the fuel control valve to igniting and the appearance of flame was recorded.

The actual combustion energy Qc (unit: kJ) derived from the fuel composition consumed to warm the water of weight W (W = 2 kg) to 95 ° C. was determined by the following formula:
Qc = F × φ × ΔH
Where F is the flow rate of the fuel composition (unit: kg / second), φ is the time (unit: seconds) taken to warm water from room temperature RT (unit: ° C) to 95 ° C (specifically, flame After stabilization, a kettle containing water was placed on the stove before measurement was started), and ΔH is the combustion heat of the fuel composition (unit: kJ / kg).
The combustion heat of each substance and fuel composition is as follows:
LPG: 46100
Butane: 49600
MEK: 33890
Methanol: 19940
Methanol in which 4% by weight of LPG is dissolved: 20980
Methanol in which 8% by weight of LPG is dissolved: 22030
Methanol in which 4% by weight of butane is dissolved: 21126
Methanol in which 2% by weight of water and 4% by weight of LPG are dissolved: 20560
Methanol in which 4% by weight of water and 4% by weight of LPG are dissolved: 20140
Methanol in which 8% by weight of water and 4% by weight of LPG are dissolved: 19300
Methanol in which 1 wt% MEK and 4 wt% LPG are dissolved: 20277

The theoretical combustion heat Qt (unit: kJ) required to warm the water of weight W from the initial temperature T ₀ to 95 ° C. was determined by the following formula:
Qt = Cp × (95−T ₀ ) × W
However, Cp = 4.1868 kJ / kg · K, W is the weight of water (unit: kg), and T ₀ is the initial temperature of water.

  Subsequently, the thermal efficiency was calculated by dividing Qt by Qc. The obtained results are shown in Tables 1 to 6 below.

  From the results of Tables 1 to 5, it is possible to quickly ignite the fuel composition by adding a small amount of ignition accelerator to the liquid methanol fuel, and further igniting in methanol by adding a small amount of stabilizer. It can be seen that the accelerator is stabilized and helps to ensure smooth combustion (regular and stable flame). Furthermore, the thermal efficiency of the fuel is improved by adding a small amount of heat exchange promoter to the methanol fuel.

  Subsequently, variation data of the stabilizer methyl ethyl ketone to the pressure of the gaseous LPG in the storage tank was measured. The results are shown in Table 6.

  From the results of Table 6, as the methanol fuel is consumed, the pressure of the ignition accelerator LPG in the storage tank gradually decreases, and after adding 2% by weight of the stabilizer methyl ethyl ketone, the decrease in the pressure of the LPG increases. It turns out that it became loose. This indicates that the stabilizer helps stabilize the pressure of the ignition promoter, which allows the ignition promoter in the methanol fuel to be maintained at a high enough concentration to help promote combustion.

  Furthermore, the pressure and solubility of LPG dissolved in methanol and methyl ethyl ketone were measured. In addition, the effect of methyl ethyl ketone on the stability of gaseous LPG was observed. The results are shown in Table 7.

  From the results in Table 7, it can be seen that the solubility of LPG in methyl ethyl ketone is relatively high under the same pressure. This also indicates that methyl ethyl ketone has a stabilizing effect.

  Fuel compositions were prepared according to the type and amount of stabilizer shown in Table 8, and the effect of each stabilizer on ignition time and LPG in methanol was observed.

(Example 2)
After storing 200 g of liquid fuel (washing naphtha or diesel oil) in the storage tank, the ignition accelerator LPG was added. The storage tank pressure at different amounts (or weight percent) of LPG was recorded. The results are shown in Table 9.

  As shown in Table 9, when LPG is dissolved in washing naphtha or diesel oil, it becomes possible to provide the pressure (within 3 atmg) required for the stove at a low weight% (within 15 weight%). .

  The combustion experiment of Example 1 was repeated. After connecting the naphtha for LPG mixed cleaning to the fuel inlet of the stove, the stove was opened and preheated until stable. The water was then heated from room temperature to 95 ° C. The ignition time θ was recorded and the power and thermal efficiency were calculated. The results are shown in Table 10.

  Table 10 shows the results of combustion using cleaning naphtha as the stove liquid fuel. As for the ignition time, the naphtha with LPG addition was able to ignite more quickly than the naphtha without addition of LPG. Therefore, it can be understood that the fuel composition can be ignited quickly by adding a small amount of ignition accelerator to the naphtha fuel for washing. . In this way, the desired effect of the present invention can be obtained.

  In the above disclosure, a detailed technical description and features of the invention have been described. Those skilled in the art can easily achieve various modifications and alternatives based on the disclosure and teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Such variations and alternatives are not fully described in the above description, but are included in the present invention.

Claims (17)

A liquid fuel having a boiling point of 30 to 180 ° C., which is an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbon having 5 to 12 carbon atoms, or a mixture thereof;
An ignition accelerator that is a highly volatile hydrocarbon having a lower boiling point and higher volatility than the liquid fuel;
Stabilizers that are ketones, ethers, polymers with a molecular weight of less than 5000 daltons, or mixtures thereof, and heat exchange that is soluble in the liquid fuel and has a thermal conductivity of 0.20 to 0.65 W / (m · K) Including accelerators,
Based on the weight of the liquid fuel, the ignition accelerator content is at least 1 wt%, the stabilizer content is 0 to 5 wt%, and the heat exchange accelerator content is 0 to 15 wt%. A fuel composition, characterized in that   The fuel composition according to claim 1, wherein the liquid fuel is an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkane having 5 to 9 carbon atoms, or a mixture thereof.   The fuel composition according to claim 1, wherein the liquid fuel is methanol.   The ignition promoter is selected from the group consisting of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), propane, butane, pentane, hexane, petroleum, kerosene, diesel oil, and mixtures thereof. The fuel composition as described in 2.   The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ignition accelerator is selected from the group consisting of LPG, butane, and a mixture thereof.   The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a content of the ignition accelerator is 1 wt% to 8 wt% based on a weight of the liquid fuel.   The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a content of the ignition accelerator is 4 to 8% by weight based on a weight of the liquid fuel.   The stabilizer includes acetone, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), dimethyl ether (DME), diethylene glycol (DEG), polyethylene glycol (PEG) having a molecular weight of less than 5000 daltons, and one or more hydrophilic functional groups having a molecular weight of less than 5000 daltons as a main chain. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the fuel composition is selected from the group consisting of polymers having a mixture thereof, and mixtures thereof.   In the polymer having a molecular weight of less than 5000 daltons and having one or more hydrophilic functional groups in the main chain, the hydrophilic functional groups are each independently an ether group, an ester group, an amino group, a carboxyl group (—COOH), Or the fuel composition of Claim 8 which is a thiol group (-SH).   The fuel composition according to claim 8, wherein the polymer having a molecular weight of less than 5000 daltons and having one or more hydrophilic functional groups in the main chain is polypropylene glycol (PPG).   The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the content of the stabilizer is 0.5% to 5% by weight based on the weight of the liquid fuel.   The fuel composition according to claim 11, wherein the content of the stabilizer is 1% by weight to 3% by weight based on the weight of the liquid fuel.   The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the heat exchange promoter is selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol, glycerol, ethylenediamine, water, and mixtures thereof.   The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the heat exchange promoter is water.   The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein a content of the heat exchange accelerator is 1% by weight to 15% by weight based on a weight of the liquid fuel.   The fuel composition according to claim 15, wherein the content of the heat exchange accelerator is 3 to 10% by weight based on the weight of the liquid fuel.   From 4% to 6% by weight of LPG as the ignition accelerator, from 1% to 3% by weight of methyl ethyl ketone as the stabilizer, and from 3% by weight of water as the heat exchange accelerator, based on the weight of the liquid fuel. The fuel composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising 10% by weight.