JP2014194255A - Elastic body bush and axle box supporting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an elastic body bush capable of achieving sufficient damping effect with a simple constitution.SOLUTION: An elastic body bush 200 includes an elastic body 210 formed of an elastic material into a cylindrical shape, and a shaft member 220 formed of a material harder than the elastic body into a shaft-like shape and inserted into an inner diameter side of the elastic body, and allows relative displacement of a first member 113 attached to the shaft member and a second member 141 attached to an outer peripheral surface of the elastic body. The elastic body bush 200 further includes a first space 211 and a second space 212 in the elastic body which are arranged to have the shaft member therebetween so that fluid is sealed in the first space 211 and the second space 212, and communication flow passages 221 and 222 for communicating the first space and the second space with each other.

Description

  The present invention relates to an elastic bushing that can obtain a good damping effect with a simple configuration, and an axle box support device for a railway vehicle having such an elastic bushing.

In a carriage provided in a railway vehicle, an axle box support device is provided that supports an axle box that rotatably supports both ends of a wheel shaft so as to be relatively displaceable with respect to the carriage frame.
The axle box support device enables the wheel axle to rotate in the yaw direction with respect to the carriage frame when passing a curve, so that the axle box can be displaced relative to the carriage frame in the front-rear direction by a bush having an elastic body such as rubber. I support it.

As a prior art related to a shaft box supporting device having such an elastic body bush, for example, in Patent Document 1, a cylindrical rubber elastic body is provided at an end of a shaft frame formed integrally with a shaft box on the side of a carriage frame. The thing which has the vibration-proof rubber bush which has is described.
In this technique, the anti-vibration rubber bush allows the shaft beam and the axle box to be relatively displaced in the front-rear direction with respect to the carriage frame by elastic deformation of the rubber elastic body.

JP 2000-225944 A

In the axle box supporting device as described above, when the hardness of the elastic body used for the bush is lowered, the curve passing performance is improved, but the occurrence of snake behavior during high speed running becomes a problem.
On the other hand, when the hardness of the elastic body is increased, the snake behavior can be suppressed by suppressing the relative displacement between the axle box and the carriage frame, but the curve passing performance is deteriorated.
Here, if a damping element that generates a damping force corresponding to the speed of the longitudinal movement of the axle box relative to the carriage frame can be added, the above problem can be solved, but the bushing is limited to a limited space in the axle box support device. Apart from this, it is difficult to provide a damping element such as a hydraulic damper.
In view of the above-described problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an elastic bushing that can obtain a good damping effect with a simple configuration, and a railway car axle box support device having such an elastic bushing.

In order to solve the above-described problems, an elastic body bush according to the present invention includes an elastic body formed into a cylindrical shape with a material having elasticity, and an inner diameter of the elastic body formed into a shaft shape with a material harder than the elastic body. And an elastic body bushing that allows relative displacement of a first member attached to the shaft member and a second member attached to the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body. The elastic body has a first space portion and a second space portion that are arranged with the shaft member interposed therebetween and in which a fluid is sealed, and has a through hole formed in the shaft member. It has a communicating channel which makes 1 space and the 2nd space communicate.
As an example of the fluid to be sealed, a viscous fluid having a large shear resistance such as liquid silicone rubber or silicone oil can be used.
According to this, due to the relative displacement in the direction in which the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body and the shaft member are decentered, the movement of the fluid via the communication channel between the first space portion and the second space portion is prevented. In this case, a damping force that increases as the speed of relative displacement increases can be generated by the flow resistance in the communication flow path.
Accordingly, it is possible to provide a good damping function with a simple configuration using only the internal structure of the elastic body bush.
In particular, the communication channel can be integrally formed inside the shaft member, and an increase in the number of parts and a complicated structure can be prevented.

In the present invention, the shaft member includes a plurality of the communication channels, connects an injection channel for injecting the fluid to some of the communication channels, and connects the fluid to the other communication channel. It can be set as the structure which connected the air vent flow path which vents air at the time of injection | pouring.
According to this, when manufacturing the elastic body bush, it is possible to easily and easily release the air inside by holding the air vent channel in an upward position and injecting the fluid from the injection channel. Become.

In the present invention, the cylindrically formed elastic body has a configuration in which a plane portion is formed on at least one radial outer side of the first space portion and the second space portion. it can.
According to this, the influence on the damping force by the elastic body can be reduced by reducing the thickness of the elastic body on the radially outer side of one or both of the first and second space portions. In particular, when the flat portion is formed only on one side, it is possible to change the anti-vibration characteristic only at the time of a stroke in a predetermined direction (for example, when the railway vehicle is accelerated or decelerated).

In the present invention, the first space portion and the second space portion may be formed by recessing an inner peripheral surface of the elastic body.
According to this, the elastic body bushing of the present invention can be obtained by a simple manufacturing method by inserting the shaft member into the semi-finished product of the elastic body in which the concave portion is formed in the inner peripheral surface in advance and vulcanizing and bonding.

In the present invention, the first space portion and the second space portion are formed as holes penetrating from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body, and the first outer space is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body. It can be set as the structure by which the cover-like member which obstruct | occludes a space part and a said 2nd space part is provided.
According to this, after fixing the elastic body in which the first and second space portions are formed to the shaft member, by injecting fluid into the first and second space portions and then attaching the lid-like member, The elastic body bush of the present invention can be obtained by a simple manufacturing method.

In the present invention, at least one of the first space portion and the second space portion includes a protruding portion that protrudes so that the protruding end portion faces the shaft member, and the protruding end portion of the protruding portion includes the shaft. It can be set as the structure which functions as a stopper which contact | abuts a member and controls the relative displacement more than the predetermined of the said shaft member and the said lid-shaped member.
According to this, the stroke which can displace the shaft member relative to the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body can be restricted with a simple configuration.

In this invention, the said protrusion part can be set as the structure which contact | abuts at least 1 opening end of the said through-hole formed in the said shaft member, and seals this through-hole.
According to this, by sealing at least one (a part or all) of the through hole, it is possible to restrict the flow of the fluid and to impart a stronger damping property.

In the present invention, a stirring member that protrudes into at least one of the first space portion and the second space portion and stirs the fluid according to a relative displacement between the shaft member and the outer surface of the elastic body. It can be set as the structure provided.
According to this, when the shaft member and the elastic body outer peripheral surface are relatively displaced, the stirring member stirs the fluid, thereby adding damping.

The axle box support device of the present invention is an axle box support device that supports an axle box that rotatably supports a wheel shaft so as to be relatively displaceable with respect to the carriage frame, and is a connection that connects the axle box and the carriage frame. The elastic bush according to the present invention described above is provided in a part of the member in a state where the first space portion and the second space portion are spaced apart from each other in the vehicle front-rear direction.
According to this, when the axle box is displaced at a relatively low speed with respect to the carriage frame as in the case of passing through the curve, the wheel axle can be steered without hindering the displacement of the axle box, thereby improving the curve passing performance. Can do.
On the other hand, when the axle box is displaced at a relatively high speed with respect to the carriage frame, such as when a snake action occurs during high speed running, a strong damping force is generated to suppress vibration of the axle box against the carriage frame, Snake behavior can be reduced or prevented.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an elastic body bushing that can obtain a good damping effect with a simple configuration, and a rail car axle box support device having such an elastic body bushing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a railway vehicle carriage having an elastic bushing and a shaft box support device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2A is a schematic enlarged view of a portion II in FIG. 1, FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along a horizontal plane including the central axis of the elastic body bush, and FIG. 2B is FIG. It is a bb part arrow sectional view of. It is a schematic diagram which shows the damping force generation mechanism in the elastic body bush of 1st Embodiment, Comprising: Fig.3 (a) shows the cross-sectional shape of a neutral state, FIG.3 (b) is bb of Fig.3 (a). FIG. 3C illustrates a cross-sectional shape in a state where the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body is displaced in the radial direction from the neutral state. FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of an elastic body bushing according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4A shows a cross-sectional view taken along a plane orthogonal to the central axis and including a liquid flow path. (b) is a bb part arrow line view of Fig.4 (a). It is typical sectional drawing which shows the state which incorporated the elastic body bush of 2nd Embodiment in the annular part of the axial beam. It is a typical side view of the railcar bogie which has the axle box support apparatus which is 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a typical side view of a railway vehicle carriage having a axle box support device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the elastic body bush periphery part which is 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the elastic body bush peripheral part which is 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the elastic body bush periphery part which is 7th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st chamber periphery of the elastic body bush which is 8th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st chamber periphery of the elastic body bush which is 9th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st chamber periphery of the elastic body bush which is 10th Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of an elastic body bush and a shaft box support device to which the present invention is applied will be described.
<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a railway vehicle carriage having an elastic bushing and a shaft box support device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
A railcar bogie (hereinafter simply referred to as a “bogie”) 100 is a two-axis bogie that is attached to the lower portion of the vehicle body 10 so that a bogie angle can be imparted to the vehicle body 10.
The cart 100 includes a cart frame 110, a wheel shaft 120, a shaft box 130, a shaft box support device 140, a traction device 150, and the like.
The axle box support device 140 and the traction device 150 are each provided with an elastic body bush 200.

The bogie frame 110 is a main structural member of the bogie 100 made of, for example, steel, and includes a side beam 111, a side beam 112, a bracket 113, and the like.
The side beam 111 is a beam-shaped member extending along the vehicle front-rear direction, and has, for example, a rectangular closed cross-sectional shape.
A pair of side beams 111 are provided in parallel and spaced apart in the vehicle width direction.
A pillow spring (not shown) is attached to the upper part of the side beam 111 at the center in the front-rear direction.
The pillow spring is a spring that is provided between the vehicle body 10 and the carriage frame 110 and receives the weight of the vehicle body 10. When the cart 100 is a bolsterless cart as an example, an air spring is used as a pillow spring.

The horizontal beam 112 is a beam-like member that connects the central portions of the left and right side beams 111 to each other.
The lateral beam 112 is configured to have a pair of round pipes that are spaced apart in the front-rear direction and extend along the vehicle width direction, for example.
A space is provided between the front and rear lateral beams 112 to insert the center pin 151 of the traction device 150.

The bracket 113 is a portion to which the shaft beam 141 of the axle box support device 140 is connected.
The bracket 113 is formed to protrude downward from the side beam 111.
The bracket 113 is configured to sandwich the shaft beam 141 between the pair of surface portions in the vehicle width direction.

  The wheel shaft 120 is configured by incorporating a pair of left and right wheels traveling on a track at both ends of an axle.

The axle box 130 supports the journal part formed in the both ends of the axle shaft of the wheel shaft 120 rotatably.
The shaft box 130 includes a bearing that supports the journal portion of the wheel shaft 120 and a lubricating device thereof.

The axle box support device 140 supports the axle box 130 with respect to the carriage frame 110 so as to be capable of relative displacement within a predetermined range.
In the first embodiment, the axle box support device 140 is an axle beam type having an axle beam 141 formed integrally with the axle box 130.
The axle box support device 140 includes an axial beam 141, an axial spring 142, and the like.

The shaft beam 141 is a beam-shaped member that is formed integrally with the casing of the axle box 130 and is formed so as to protrude toward the front-rear direction center of the carriage frame 110 substantially along the front-rear direction of the vehicle.
The shaft beam 141, together with the elastic body bush 200, constitutes a connecting member in the shaft box support device of the present invention.
The end of the axle beam 141 opposite to the axle box 130 side is attached to the bracket 113 of the carriage frame 110 via the elastic body bush 200.
The shaft spring 142 is a primary spring such as a coil spring provided between the upper portion of the shaft box 130 of the shaft beam 141 and the lower portion of the side beam 111 of the cart frame 110 immediately above the shaft box.

The axle box support device 140 allows the vertical displacement of the axle box 130 with respect to the carriage frame 110 by allowing the axle beam 141 to rotate about the elastic body bush 200.
The axle box support device 140 allows the relative displacement in the left-right direction with respect to the carriage frame 110 of the axle box 130 by the elastic deformation of the elastic body bush 200 in the axial direction, and also by the elastic deformation of the elastic body bush 200 in the radial direction. The shaft box 130 is allowed to move independently relative to the carriage frame 110 in the front-rear direction, so that the wheel shaft 120 can rotate (steer) in the yaw direction with respect to the carriage frame 110. ing.

Hereinafter, the elastic body bush 200 will be described in detail.
2 is a schematic enlarged view of a portion II in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along a horizontal plane including the central axis of the elastic bush, and FIG. It is a bb section arrow sectional view of 2 (a).
The elastic body bush 200 includes an elastic body 210 and a shaft member 220.
The elastic body 210 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape by a material having elasticity such as rubber.
The outer peripheral surface portion of the elastic body 210 is constrained by an annular portion 141 a formed at the end of the shaft beam 141 of the axle box support device 140. The annular portion 141a can actually be divided into two on the circumference so that the elastic bush 200 can be attached and detached. (Divided parts are not shown in FIG. 2)
A flange portion 210a is formed on the outer peripheral surface portion of the elastic body 210 in the axial direction so as to protrude from the outer diameter side so as to come into contact with the end surface of the annular portion 141a.

The shaft member 220 is formed in a substantially columnar shape from a material harder than the elastic body 210 such as steel, and is fixed to the elastic body 210 in a state of being inserted on the inner diameter side of the elastic body 210.
At both end portions of the shaft member 220, flange portions 220 a formed so as to protrude in a flange shape on the outer diameter side so as to come into contact with the end surface of the elastic body 210 are formed.
Further, brackets 220b protruding from the end surfaces are formed at both ends of the shaft member 220.
The bracket 220b is fastened to the bracket 113 of the carriage frame 110 by fastening means such as bolts.

Further, a first chamber 211 and a second chamber 212 are formed inside the elastic body 210, and a first communication channel 221 and a second communication channel 222 are formed in the shaft member 220 to communicate these. .
The first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 of the elastic body 210 are formed by denting the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body 210 to the outer diameter side.
The first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 are disposed substantially at the center of the elastic body 210 in the axial direction, and are opposed to each other with the shaft member 220 sandwiched in the diameter direction.

The first communication channel 221 and the second communication channel 222 are through holes that allow the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 to communicate with each other.
The first communication channel 221 and the second communication channel 222 are formed to penetrate the shaft member 220 in the diameter direction, and both ends thereof are opened to the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 of the elastic body 210, respectively. Has been.
The first communication channel 221 is disposed in the axial direction of the shaft member 220 in the vicinity of the center of the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212.
The second communication channel 222 is arranged closer to one end side of the shaft member 220 with respect to the first communication channel 221.

In addition, a fluid injection channel 223 and an air vent channel 224 are connected to the first communication channel 221 and the second communication channel 222, respectively.
The fluid injection channel 223 is a through hole formed substantially along the central axis of the shaft member 220 from one end surface of the shaft member 220 to the middle portion of the first communication channel 221.
The air vent channel 224 is a through hole formed substantially along the central axis of the shaft member 220 from the other end surface of the shaft member 220 to the middle portion of the second communication channel 222.

When the elastic bush 200 is manufactured, first, the first chamber 211 is formed around the shaft member 220 in which the first communication channel 221, the second communication channel 222, the fluid injection channel 223, the air vent channel 224, and the like are formed. The second chamber 212 and the like are formed in advance, and the half product of the elastic body 210 divided into two so as to sandwich the shaft member 220 is attached, and the half products are joined by vulcanization adhesion, and the inner periphery of the elastic body 210 The surface and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member 220 are joined.
Thereafter, the elastic body bush 200 is held in such a posture that the end surface on the air vent channel 224 side is upward, and a fluid having viscosity such as liquid silicone rubber is injected from the fluid injection channel 223.
The liquid silicone rubber is filled in substantially all of the first chamber 211, the second chamber 212 of the elastic body 210, and the first communication channel 221 and the second communication channel 222 of the shaft member 220.
At this time, the internal air is exhausted from the air vent channel 224 to the outside.
Thereafter, the plug P is inserted into the fluid injection channel 223 and the air vent channel 224 and fixed by welding or the like.

Next, the generation mechanism of the damping force in the elastic body bush 200 will be described.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a damping force generation mechanism in the elastic body bushing of the first embodiment. FIG. 3 (a) shows a sectional shape in a neutral state, and FIG. 3 (b) shows FIG. 3 (a). FIG. 3C shows a cross-sectional shape in a state where the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body is displaced in the radial direction from the neutral state.
In FIG. 3, the second communication channel 222, the fluid injection channel 223, the air vent channel 224, the flange portions 210 a and 220 a and the like are not shown for easy understanding.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body 210 is in a neutral state where the outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body 210 are substantially concentric without being loaded with an external force. When the first chamber 211 is relatively displaced in the direction of the first chamber 211, the first chamber 211 is stretched by the elastic deformation of the elastic body 210 to increase its volume, while the second chamber 212 is crushed to decrease its volume.
At this time, part of the liquid silicone rubber in the second chamber 212 moves to the first chamber 211 through the first communication channel 221.
When the liquid silicone rubber passes through the first communication channel 221, the first communication channel 221 functions as an orifice, and a flow resistance corresponding to the flow rate of the liquid silicone rubber is generated.
The elastic bush 200 of this embodiment uses this flow resistance as a damping force.

The elastic bush 200 is incorporated in the axle box support device 140 so that the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 are separated substantially along the vehicle front-rear direction.
As a result, when the axle box 130 is relatively displaced in the front-rear direction with respect to the carriage frame 110, the liquid silicone rubber moves between the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 as described above, and the relative displacement speed is increased. A damping force corresponding to the height is generated.

The traction device 150 transmits a longitudinal force between the vehicle body 10 and the carriage frame 110.
In the first embodiment, the traction device 150 is of a single link type, and elastic bushes having substantially the same structure as the axle box support device are used at both ends of the link.
Here, when it is necessary to add damping in order to prevent and suppress vehicle body longitudinal vibration, the elastic bushing 200 of the present invention is used as the elastic bushing as described below.
The traction device 150 includes a center pin 151, a bracket 152, a link 153, and the like, and both ends of the link 153 are connected to the center pin 151 and the bracket 152 via the elastic body bush 200, respectively.
The center pin 151 is a member arranged to protrude downward from the lower surface of the vehicle body 10, and the lower end portion is inserted between the two horizontal beams 112.
The bracket 152 is formed so as to protrude downward from one of the horizontal beams 112, and the height of the lower end portion is set to be substantially the same as the lower end portion of the center pin 151.
The link 153 is a connecting member that is swingably connected to the lower end portion of the center pin 151 and the lower end portion of the bracket 152 via an elastic body bush 200 substantially similar to the axle box support device 140. is there.
For example, in the elastic body bush 200, the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body 210 is restrained by the link 153, and the shaft member 220 is fixed to the center pin 151 or the bracket 152.
When the elastic bush 200 of the present invention is applied to the traction device 150, the elastic bush 200 is disposed such that the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 sandwich the shaft member 220 in the vehicle front-rear direction, and the bogie frame A damping force can be generated in accordance with the speed of relative displacement of the vehicle body 10 with respect to 110 in the longitudinal direction.

According to the first embodiment described above, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) The first and second communication flow paths between the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 of the elastic body 210 due to relative displacement in the direction in which the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body 210 and the shaft member 220 are eccentric. Viscous fluid such as liquid silicone rubber moves through 221, 222, and at this time, the flow resistance generated in the first and second communication flow paths 221, 222 increases attenuation as the relative displacement speed increases. Can generate power.
(2) By using the first and second communication flow paths 221 and 222 as through holes formed in the shaft member 220, the communication flow paths 221 and 222 can be integrally formed inside the shaft member 220. Thus, an increase in the number of parts and a complicated structure can be prevented.
(3) By providing the fluid injection channel 223 and the air vent channel 224 in the first and second communication channels 221, 222, respectively, the air vent channel 224 becomes upward when the elastic body bush 200 is manufactured. By injecting a viscous fluid such as liquid silicone rubber from the fluid injection flow path 223 while maintaining the posture, it is possible to vent the air well and easily.
(4) The first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 of the elastic body 210 are formed by recessing the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body 210, so that the concave portion is formed in advance on the inner peripheral surface. The elastic bush 200 can be obtained by a simple manufacturing method by inserting the shaft member 220 into the semi-finished product 210 and vulcanizing and bonding it.
(5) The axle box support device 140 includes the elastic body bush 200 that generates a damping force in accordance with the relative displacement of the axle box 130 with respect to the carriage frame 110 in the front-rear direction. When the carriage frame 110 is displaced at a relatively low speed, it is possible to steer the wheel shaft without hindering the displacement of the axle box 130 and improve the curve passing performance.
On the other hand, when the axle box 130 is displaced at a relatively high speed with respect to the carriage frame 110, such as when a snake action occurs during high speed running, a strong damping force is generated to vibrate the axle box 130 with respect to the carriage frame 110. Can be suppressed, and snake behavior can be reduced or prevented.

Second Embodiment
Next, the elastic body bush which is 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
Note that, in each embodiment described below, portions that are substantially the same as those of the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and differences are mainly described.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the elastic body bushing of the second embodiment, and FIG. 4 (a) shows a cross-sectional view taken along a plane orthogonal to the central axis and including the liquid flow path. (b) is a bb part arrow line view of Fig.4 (a).

In the elastic body bush 200 of the second embodiment, the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 of the elastic body 210 are formed as through holes formed from the inner peripheral surface to the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body 210.
On the outer peripheral surface portion of the elastic body 210, a planar metal member 213 disposed adjacent to both end portions of the through hole is provided.
The planar metal member 213 is fixed to a planar portion formed by partially denting the outer peripheral surface portion of the elastic body 210 from the cylindrical surface in a string shape by vulcanization adhesion or the like.
The planar metal member 213 is formed over substantially the entire length of the elastic body 210 and is formed in a rectangular flat plate shape.
A rectangular opening is formed in a region corresponding to the through hole in the elastic body 210 in the central portion of the planar metal member 213.
For example, a steel lid member 214 is provided in the opening.
The lid member 214 is formed in a rectangular flat plate shape larger than the opening, and its four corners are fastened to the flat metal member 213 by fastening members such as flat screws 214a.
At this time, a seal is applied between the peripheral edge portion of the lid member 214 and the planar metal member 213.

In the second embodiment, the elastic body 210 is filled with liquid silicone rubber while the lid member 214 is not attached, and the lid member 214 is attached and closed after venting.
The elastic body 210 and the shaft member 220 and the elastic body 210 and the planar metal member 213 are vulcanized and bonded, respectively.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a state in which the elastic bush 200 is incorporated in the shaft beam in the second embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 5, in the second embodiment, an annular portion 141a of the shaft beam 141 is formed with a chord plane portion 141b formed so as to come into contact with the plane metal member 213 and the lid member 241. Thus, the elastic bushing 200 is positioned in the rotational direction.

  According to the second embodiment described above, in addition to the effect substantially similar to the effect of the first embodiment described above, the elastic body 210 in which the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 are formed is provided with the shaft member. 220, after vulcanized and fixed to the flat metal member 213, liquid silicone rubber or the like is injected into the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212. By fixing and attaching with the countersunk screw 214a etc., the elastic body bushing 200 can be obtained by a simple manufacturing method.

<Third Embodiment>
Next, the axle box support apparatus which is 3rd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of a railway vehicle carriage having the axle box support device of the third embodiment.
The axle box support device 140 of the third embodiment is a single leaf spring that connects the bracket 113 of the carriage frame 110 and the axle box 130 by a pair of upper and lower leaf springs 143 and 144 instead of the axle beam 141 of the first embodiment. It is a type axle box support device.
The axle box 130 is provided with a bracket 145 that holds the outer peripheral surface portion of the elastic body 210 so that the central axis direction of the elastic body bush 200 is substantially along the vertical direction.
The upper end portion and the lower end portion of the shaft member 220 of the elastic body bush 200 are fixed to the end portions of the leaf springs 143 and 144 on the shaft box 130 side, respectively.
Also in the third embodiment described above, substantially the same effect as the effect of the first embodiment described above can be obtained.

<Fourth embodiment>
Next, the axle box support apparatus which is 4th Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of a railway vehicle carriage having the axle box support device of the fourth embodiment.
The axle box support device 140 of the fourth embodiment connects the bracket 113 of the carriage frame 110 and the axle box 130 by links 146 having elastic body bushes 200 at both ends instead of the axle beam 141 of the first embodiment. This is a monolink type axle box support device.
Also in the fourth embodiment described above, substantially the same effect as the effect of the first embodiment described above can be obtained.

<Fifth Embodiment>
Next, an elastic body bushing according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the peripheral portion of the elastic bush according to the fifth embodiment, and shows a cross section corresponding to FIG. 2B in the first embodiment.
The elastic bush 200 according to the fifth embodiment is substantially orthogonal to each through flow path of the shaft member 220 on the outer peripheral surface adjacent to the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 on the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body 210 (vehicle direction). A plane portion 215 that is substantially orthogonal to the plane is formed.
On the other hand, on the inner peripheral surface of the annular portion 141a of the shaft beam 141, a flat portion 141c that comes into contact with the flat portion 215 is formed.
According to the fifth embodiment described above, in addition to the effects substantially similar to the effects of the first embodiment described above, the thickness of the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body 210 near the first chamber 211 and the second chamber 212 is increased. By reducing the thickness of the elastic body 210, the influence of the outer peripheral surface portion of the elastic body 210 on the vibration isolation can be reduced.
Such flat portions 215 and 141c may be provided on both sides of the elastic body 210 on the first chamber 211 side and the second chamber side 212, but may be provided on only one of them.
In this case, the above-described effect can be obtained only during a stroke in one direction.

<Sixth Embodiment>
Next, an elastic body bushing according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the peripheral portion of the elastic body bush according to the sixth embodiment, and shows a cross section corresponding to FIG. 2B in the first embodiment.
In the sixth embodiment, the elastic body bush 200 has the same flat surface portion 215 as that of the fifth embodiment.
On the other hand, the inner peripheral surface of the annular portion 141a of the shaft beam 141 is formed in a perfect circle shape as in the first embodiment.
In the sixth embodiment, a spacer 147 made of a separate part is inserted in order to fill a gap between the flat portion 215 of the elastic body bush 200 and the inner peripheral surface of the annular portion 141a.
The spacer 147 can be formed of, for example, a metal or a hard resin material.
Also in the sixth embodiment described above, substantially the same effect as the effect of the fifth embodiment described above can be obtained.

<Seventh embodiment>
Next, an elastic body bushing according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a peripheral portion of the elastic body bush according to the seventh embodiment, and shows a cross section corresponding to FIG. 5 in the second embodiment.
The elastic body bush 200 according to the seventh embodiment includes a curved metal member 216 that extends from the end of the planar metal member 213 and is integrally formed, and is formed along the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body 210.
The flat metal member 213 and the curved metal member 216 cover substantially the entire outer peripheral surface of the elastic body bush 200 except for the gap G provided at two places on the circumference.
In the seventh embodiment, the annular portion 141a of the shaft beam 141 is divided into two along the diameter direction, and the elastic bush 200 is sandwiched between the semicircular members, and the bolt (not shown) is applied with pre-compression. Etc. to be fastened.
Also in the seventh embodiment described above, substantially the same effects as those of the above-described embodiments can be obtained.

<Eighth Embodiment>
Next, an elastic body bushing according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the first chamber of the elastic bushing according to the eighth embodiment.
The elastic body bush 200 of the eighth embodiment has a protruding portion 217 inserted into the first chamber 211 of the elastic body 210 from the lid member 214 through the opening of the planar metal member 213.
The protruding portion 217 is, for example, an axial member that protrudes from the lid member 214 substantially along the radial direction of the elastic body 210.
Such a protruding portion can also be provided on the second chamber 212 side (the same applies to the ninth and tenth embodiments described below).
The protruding portion 217 can be formed of, for example, metal, resin, hard rubber, or the like.
In the eighth embodiment, the protruding end portion where the protruding portion 217 faces the shaft member 220 is a concave curved surface having substantially the same curvature as the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member 220.
The protrusion 217 contacts the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member 220 when the shaft member 220 is relatively displaced with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body 210 to a predetermined maximum stroke in the direction in which the first chamber 211 side is compressed. It functions as a stopper that regulates the stroke.
According to the eighth embodiment described above, the stroke between the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body 210 and the shaft member 220 can be restricted with a simple configuration in addition to the substantially same effect as each of the above-described embodiments. .

<Ninth Embodiment>
Next, an elastic body bushing according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the vicinity of the first chamber of the elastic bushing according to the ninth embodiment.
In the elastic body bush 200 according to the ninth embodiment, the protruding portion 217 is formed of a material having elasticity such as hard rubber, and the protruding end portion is at least one of the opening ends of the first communication channel 221 and the second communication channel 222. Are formed as convex curved surfaces arranged opposite to each other.
In the ninth embodiment, the projecting portion 217 seals at least one of the first communication channel 221 and the second communication channel 222 in addition to the function as a stopper similar to that in the eighth embodiment. It is possible to improve the damping force in a stroke greater than a predetermined stroke.

<Tenth Embodiment>
Next, an elastic body bushing according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 13: is sectional drawing which shows the 1st chamber periphery of the elastic body bush of 10th Embodiment.
In the elastic body bush 200 of the tenth embodiment, a disk-shaped stirring plate 218 that protrudes from the protruding portion 217 to the outer diameter side is attached to the distal end portion of the protruding portion 217 formed of, for example, metal.
In the tenth embodiment, when the shaft member 220 is relatively displaced with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body 210, the stirring plate 218 stirs the liquid silicone rubber, thereby providing damping properties.
In addition, the shape and number of such stirring plates are not limited to this, and can be changed as appropriate.

(Other embodiments)
In addition, this invention is not limited only to each embodiment mentioned above, A various application and deformation | transformation can be considered.
For example, the shape, structure, material, manufacturing method, and the like of each member constituting the elastic body bush are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be changed as appropriate.
Moreover, the elastic body bush of this invention is applicable not only to a shaft box support apparatus but the location which uses elastic body bushes, such as a traction apparatus. The configurations of the axle box support device and the traction device to which such an elastic body bush is applied are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately changed.

10 body 100 bogie 110 bogie frame 111 side beam 112 side beam 113 bracket 120 wheel shaft 130 shaft box 140 shaft box support device 141 shaft beam 141a annular portion 141a string plane portion 141c plane portion 142 shaft spring 143 leaf spring 144 plate spring 145 plate spring 145 146 Link 147 Spacer 150 Traction device 151 Center pin 152 Bracket 153 Link 200 Elastic body bushing 210 Elastic body 210a Flange part 211 First chamber 212 Second chamber 213 Flat metal member 214 Lid member 214a Flat head screw 215 Flat surface part 216 Curved metal member 217 Protruding portion 218 Stirring plate 220 Shaft member 220a Flange portion 220b Bracket 221 First communication channel 222 Second communication channel 223 Fluid injection channel 224 Air vent channel
P plug

Claims (9)

An elastic body formed into a cylindrical shape by an elastic material;
A shaft member formed in a shaft shape by a material harder than the elastic body and inserted on the inner diameter side of the elastic body,
An elastic body bushing that allows relative displacement of a first member attached to the shaft member and a second member attached to the outer peripheral surface of the elastic body,
The elastic body has a first space portion and a second space portion that are arranged with the shaft member interposed therebetween and in which a fluid is sealed.
An elastic bush, comprising a through-hole formed in the shaft member and having a communication channel for communicating the first space and the second space. The shaft member has a plurality of the communication channels,
Connecting an injection flow path for injecting the fluid to some of the communication flow paths;
The elastic bush according to claim 1, wherein an air vent channel that vents air when the fluid is injected is connected to the communication channel of the other part. The flat portion is formed on the outer side in the radial direction of at least one of the first space portion and the second space portion of the elastic body formed in the cylindrical shape. The elastic body bush according to claim 2. The said 1st space part and the said 2nd space part are formed so that the inner peripheral surface of the said elastic body may be dented. The Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. Elastic bush. The first space portion and the second space portion are formed as holes penetrating from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface of the elastic body,
The lid member which closes the 1st space part and the 2nd space part is provided in the perimeter surface of the elastic body. Elastic body bush. A projecting portion projecting so that the projecting end portion faces the shaft member inside at least one of the first space portion and the second space portion;
The projecting end portion of the projecting portion functions as a stopper that abuts on the shaft member and regulates a relative displacement of the shaft member and the lid-shaped member at a predetermined level or more. The elastic body bush according to any one of the above. The elastic bush according to claim 6, wherein the protruding portion contacts at least one opening end of the through hole formed in the shaft member to seal the through hole. A stirring member that protrudes into at least one of the first space portion and the second space portion and that stirs the fluid according to a relative displacement between the shaft member and an outer surface of the elastic body is provided. The elastic body bush according to any one of claims 1 to 7. An axle box support device that supports an axle box that rotatably supports a wheel shaft so as to be capable of relative displacement with respect to a carriage frame,
The elastic body bush according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the elastic body bush is connected to a part of a connecting member that connects the axle box and the bogie frame to the first space portion and the second space portion. An axle box support device, wherein the space portion is provided in a state of being spaced apart in the vehicle front-rear direction.

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