JP2014139535A - Centering device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable the centering with high accuracy without bringing shafts into contact with each other.SOLUTION: A centering device 3 for performing centering work of a servo motor shaft 10 and a driven object shaft 2 includes a laser beam irradiation part 11, a light receiving element 12 and a deviation detection part 33. The laser beam irradiation part 11 irradiates the facing surface of the driven object shaft 2 with laser beams from on the central shaft of the servo motor shaft 10 while rotating the servo motor shaft 10. The light receiving element 12 receives reflection light from the end surface of the driven object shaft 2. The deviation detection part 33 detects core displacement between the servo motor shaft 10 and the driven object shaft 2 on the basis of changing points in the intensity of the received reflection light.

Description

  The present invention relates to a centering device for aligning rotating shafts.

  When the rotating shafts are fixed and rotated, if the shafts are deviated from each other, vibrations are generated when the rotating shafts are rotated, and there is a possibility that abnormal noise may be generated from the connecting portion or each portion may be broken. In order to prevent them, the work of centering is necessary. The centering operation is an operation for correcting the parallel deviation and the inclination deviation between the two axes.

  Conventionally, the motor shaft and the drive target shaft are physically connected, and the centering operation is performed manually while rotating the shaft. However, this centering operation requires advanced technology in order to achieve accuracy. Therefore, the accuracy varies depending on the skill level of the operator. Further, since the centering operation cannot be performed unless the shafts are physically connected and rotated during the centering operation, the shaft may be damaged during the operation. Furthermore, when it is difficult to rotate the drive target shaft, a highly accurate centering operation cannot be performed.

JP 2006-142156 A

As described above, the conventional manual centering operation requires a high level of technology, and the accuracy varies greatly depending on the skill level of the operator. Moreover, since it is necessary to physically connect and rotate the shafts during the centering operation, the shafts may be damaged.
The present invention has been made paying attention to the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a centering device that enables centering with high accuracy without bringing the shafts into contact with each other.

  In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of a centering apparatus according to the present invention is a centering apparatus that performs a centering operation between a motor shaft and a target shaft, while rotating the motor shaft, the center of the motor shaft. Based on a laser beam irradiating means for irradiating the end surface of the target axis from the axis with a laser beam, a light receiving means for receiving reflected light from the end surface of the target axis, and a change point of the intensity of the received reflected light And a deviation detecting means for detecting a misalignment between the motor shaft and the target axis.

  According to the above configuration, it is possible to accurately detect the edge of the end surface of the target shaft from the change point of the reflection intensity by detecting the reflection response from the end surface of the target shaft by the laser light irradiated from the motor shaft. Become. By using the laser beam in this way, it is possible to detect misalignment with high accuracy in a non-contact manner without physically connecting the motor shaft and the target shaft.

  That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a centering device that enables centering with high accuracy without bringing the shafts into contact with each other.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the centering apparatus which concerns on this embodiment. The figure which shows misalignment of the drive object axis | shaft. The figure which shows the structural example for adjusting the irradiation angle of the laser beam in the laser beam irradiation part shown in FIG. The figure which shows the irradiation angle of the laser beam irradiation part in case the position of the drive object axis | shaft shown in FIG. 1, and the diameter of a drive object axis | shaft differ. The figure which shows the irradiation operation | movement of the laser beam irradiation part shown in FIG. The figure which shows the intensity | strength of the reflected light received by the light-receiving part shown in FIG. The figure which shows the irradiation method of the laser beam with respect to the drive object axis | shaft shown in FIG. The figure which shows the edge of the drive target axis | shaft end surface in case there exists parallel deviation and inclination deviation on the basis of the center axis | shaft of a servomotor axis | shaft.

Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a centering device 3 according to the present embodiment. The centering device 3 performs the centering operation between the servo motor shaft 10 and the drive target shaft 2, and the parallel displacement of the core as shown in FIG. 2 (a) and as shown in FIG. 2 (b). A mechanism for detecting a misalignment of the core and correcting such a misalignment is provided. Hereinafter, the parallel shift of the core and the shift of the tilt of the core are referred to as “center shift” unless otherwise specified.

  A laser light irradiation unit 11 and a light receiving element 12 are attached to the servo motor 1. The laser light irradiation unit 11 is installed inside the servo motor shaft 10 that is hollow, and irradiates the end surface of the drive target shaft 2 from the servo motor shaft 10 with laser light. The laser beam irradiation unit 11 has a structure for adjusting the irradiation angle of the laser beam. The irradiation angle of the laser light can be adjusted by an actuator such as a piezoelectric element. For example, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), a laser light oscillator is driven by a piezoelectric element, or as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the laser light oscillator is fixed to a servo motor shaft 10, and a mirror is attached to the piezoelectric element. There is a structure etc. driven by

  Thereby, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, when the position of the drive target shaft 2 is changed, or as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4C, the drive target shaft 2 is moved. Even when the diameters are different, the irradiation angle of the laser beam can be adjusted, so that the laser beam suitable for each case can be irradiated. The irradiation angle of the laser beam is controlled by an irradiation angle control unit 341 described later.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the laser light irradiation unit 11 rotates together with the servo motor shaft 10, and irradiates the end surface of the drive target shaft 2 while rotating.
The light receiving element 12 is attached to the tip of the servo motor shaft 10 and detects the reflected light of the laser light irradiated from the laser light irradiation unit 11 to the end surface of the drive target shaft 2. At this time, since the laser beam is irradiated obliquely, if the end surface of the drive target shaft 2 is a completely reflective surface, it is reflected outside the servo motor shaft 10 and the reflected light cannot be detected by the light receiving element 12. Become. However, since laser light is actually diffusely reflected, the light receiving element 12 can detect the reflected light. As shown in FIG. 6, when the laser beam is irradiated across the end face of the drive target shaft 2, the intensity of the reflected light changes at the edge of the end face. The change point of the intensity is detected by the light receiving element 12 as an edge of the end face.

  Next, the centering device 3 will be described. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the centering device 3 includes a data acquisition unit 31, a storage unit 32, a deviation detection unit 33, and a control unit 34. The deviation detection unit 33 includes a calculation unit 331 that quantitatively calculates the misalignment amount. The control unit 34 includes an irradiation angle control unit 341 that controls an irradiation angle of the laser beam in the laser beam irradiation unit 11, a motor fixing table control unit 342 that controls the motor fixing table 4, and a motor that rotates the servo motor shaft 10. A shaft rotation control unit 343 is provided.

The data acquisition unit 31 acquires data such as the intensity of reflected light detected by the light receiving element 12.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a method of irradiating the drive target shaft 2 with laser light. For example, as a laser beam irradiation method for acquiring data, the following irradiation methods 1 to 3 may be mentioned.

(Irradiation Method 1) As shown in FIG. 7A, the servo motor shaft 10 is rotated once by irradiating the laser beam while scanning the entire end surface of the drive target shaft 2.
(Irradiation Method 2) As shown in FIG. 7B, laser light is irradiated while scanning the vicinity of the edge of the end face of the drive target shaft 2, and the servo motor shaft 10 is rotated once.
(Irradiation Method 3) As shown in FIG. 7C, the servo motor shaft 10 is rotated once without changing the irradiation angle of the laser beam.

The data acquisition unit 31 acquires data detected by the light receiving element 12 by the operation as in the irradiation methods 1 to 3 and stores the data in the storage unit 32.
The deviation detection unit 33 detects misalignment based on the data stored in the storage unit 32. Here, the amount of misalignment can be quantitatively calculated by the calculation unit 331 in the deviation detection unit 33.
In the case of the irradiation method 1 and the irradiation method 2, when the servo motor shaft 10 is rotated once, the edge of the end surface of the drive target shaft 2 is detected as a circle or an ellipse. Moreover, in the case of the irradiation method 1 and the irradiation method 2, even if the edge of the end surface of the drive target shaft 2 is lacking and the change in intensity becomes ambiguous due to distortion, the edge of the end surface of the drive target shaft 2 Confirmed as a circle or ellipse by complementation.

  In the case of the irradiation method 3, a change point may not appear depending on the irradiation angle of the laser beam. For example, in the case of FIG. 7C, the laser beam irradiation angle is too small and no change point appears. In such a case, the irradiation angle control unit 341 of the control unit 34 changes the irradiation angle of the laser beam, and rotates the servo motor shaft 10 once while irradiating the laser beam again. The operation is repeated to detect the change point of the intensity of the reflected light. In order to determine as a circle or an ellipse, at least five change points are detected. For example, in order to determine an ellipse, the major axis value of the ellipse, the minor axis value of the ellipse, the center coordinates (x coordinate and y coordinate) of the ellipse, and the inclination of the major axis with respect to the x axis are detected as change points. .

  The edge of the end surface of the drive target shaft 2 is determined as a circle or an ellipse by irradiating the laser beam with the above irradiation method and detecting the change point of the intensity of the reflected light from the end surface of the drive target shaft 2. If there is a tilt shift, the edge is detected as an ellipse. If there is no tilt deviation, the edge is detected as a circle.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an edge of the end surface of the drive target shaft 2 when there is a parallel shift and a tilt shift with the central axis of the servo motor shaft 10 as a reference. In FIG. 8, A is the major axis of the ellipse, B is the minor axis, and C is the center of the ellipse. Further, the deviation from the coordinate origin to point C corresponds to the parallel deviation amount. Further, the ratio of A: B corresponds to the amount of tilt deviation. Further, the angle formed by A and the x axis is the tilt direction of the drive target shaft 2.
Next, the calculation unit 331 uses the laser displacement meter method at the position of the laser beam irradiation unit 11, the reflection point of the laser beam on the end surface 2 of the driving target shaft 2, and the position of the light receiving element 12. To the end surface of the drive target shaft 2 is measured. Therefore, the calculation unit 331 quantitatively uses a triangulation method from the measured distance from the tip of the servo motor shaft 10 to the end face of the drive target shaft 2 and the detected ellipse of the coordinate system of the servo motor shaft 10. The amount of misalignment can be obtained by calculation.

  Then, the motor fixing base control unit 342 of the control unit 34 matches the servo motor shaft 10 and the drive target shaft 2 based on the quantitative misalignment amount calculated by the calculation unit 331 of the deviation detection unit 33. In addition, the position of the motor fixing base 4 is controlled.

  As described above, in this embodiment, while rotating the servo motor shaft 10 once, the laser light irradiation unit 11 irradiates the end surface of the drive target shaft 2 (axis for performing the centering operation) with the laser light, and receives the light receiving element 12. Thus, the reflected light from the end face of the drive target shaft 2 is received. The deviation detection unit 33 detects the edge of the end surface of the drive target shaft 2 as a circle or an ellipse based on the intensity change point of the received reflected light. At this time, the deviation detection unit 33 can detect the presence of misalignment as an inclination deviation if an ellipse is detected, and as a parallel deviation if the center point of the circle deviates from the coordinate origin. Furthermore, since this centering device does not need to physically connect the shafts during the centering operation by using laser light, the shaft can be prevented from being damaged.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a centering device that enables centering with high accuracy without bringing the shafts into contact with each other.
Further, the calculation unit 331 can calculate the deviation direction of the drive target shaft 2 and the distance from the tip of the servo motor shaft 10 to the end surface of the drive target shaft 2. For this reason, it is possible to quantitatively determine the parallel deviation amount and the inclination deviation amount of the drive target shaft 2. Accordingly, the amount of movement of the motor fixing base 4 for adjusting the parallel deviation and the inclination deviation is quantitatively obtained.

  Further, the motor fixing base control unit 342 is provided, and the servo motor shaft 10 and the drive target shaft 2 are controlled to coincide with each other based on the calculation result obtained by the calculation unit 331. As a result, the centering work that has been performed by the operator can be performed by the motor fixing base control unit 342. Therefore, it is not necessary to attach an attachment or the like for physically connecting the shafts. Further, the centering operation can be performed regardless of the skill level of the operator.

Further, since it is not necessary to rotate the drive target shaft 2 in the centering operation, the centering operation can be performed even in a situation where it is difficult to rotate the drive target shaft 2.
The laser beam irradiation unit 11 has a structure for adjusting the irradiation angle of the laser beam. For this reason, even when the distance from the servo motor shaft 10 to the drive target shaft 2 is changed or when the diameter of the drive target shaft 2 is different, it is possible to cope with it.

In the above embodiment, the motor fixing base control unit 342 controls the servo motor shaft 10 and the drive target shaft 2 to coincide with each other. However, an operator who has acquired a quantitative misalignment amount performs centering work. May be performed.
In short, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as it is, and can be embodied by modifying the constituent elements without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. Further, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, you may combine suitably the component covering different embodiment.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Servo motor, 10 ... Servo motor axis | shaft, 11 ... Laser beam irradiation part, 12 ... Light receiving element, 2 ... Drive object axis | shaft, 3 ... Centering apparatus, 31 ... Data acquisition part, 32 ... Memory | storage part, 33 ... Deviation detection ,... Calculation unit, 34... Control unit, 341... Irradiation angle control unit, 342... Motor fixing table control unit, 343.

Claims (1)

In the centering device that performs the centering work of the motor shaft and the target shaft,
Laser light irradiation means for irradiating the end surface of the target shaft from the central axis of the motor shaft while rotating the motor shaft;
A light receiving means for receiving reflected light from the end face of the target axis;
A centering device comprising: a misalignment detecting means for detecting misalignment between the motor shaft and a target shaft based on a change point of the intensity of the received reflected light.

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