JP2014087861A - Surface-coated cutting tool having excellent fracture resistance and wear resistance - Google Patents
Surface-coated cutting tool having excellent fracture resistance and wear resistance Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、例えば、炭素鋼、合金工具鋼等の被削材の正面フライス加工において、硬質被覆層の耐欠損性を向上させることにより、長期の使用に亘ってすぐれた耐摩耗性を発揮する表面被覆切削工具（以下、被覆工具という）に関するものである。 The present invention exhibits excellent wear resistance over a long period of use by improving the fracture resistance of a hard coating layer in face milling of work materials such as carbon steel and alloy tool steel, for example. The present invention relates to a surface-coated cutting tool (hereinafter referred to as a coated tool).
従来、例えば、特許文献１に開示されているように、ＷＣ基超硬合金を含むサーメット、セラミックスおよび高速度工具鋼のうちのいずれかからなる硬質材料基体の表面に、単層または複層からなる硬質被覆層を０．５〜２０μｍの平均層厚で形成し、硬質被覆層の少なくとも１層を０．２〜２μｍの粒径をもったＴｉ，Ｚｒ，Ｈｆ，およびＡｌ、並びにこれらの２種以上の合金のうちの少なくとも１種からなる金属粒が５〜３０面積％の縦断面面積率で分散分布した組織を有する金属粒分散層で構成することで、耐チッピング性を向上させた表面被覆切削工具が知られている。 Conventionally, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a single layer or multiple layers are formed on the surface of a hard material base made of any one of a cermet containing a WC-based cemented carbide, a ceramic, and a high-speed tool steel. Ti, Zr, Hf, and Al having a particle diameter of 0.2 to 2 μm and at least one of these hard coating layers are formed with an average layer thickness of 0.5 to 20 μm. Surface having improved chipping resistance by being composed of a metal particle dispersed layer having a structure in which metal grains made of at least one of at least one kind of alloy are dispersed and distributed at a vertical cross-sectional area ratio of 5 to 30 area% Coated cutting tools are known.
また、特許文献２に開示されているように、硬質被覆層の表面の切れ刃位置に存在するマクロ粒子の面積比率が５面積％以下であり、すくい面に存在するマクロ粒子の面積比率が５〜３０面積％とし、成膜の途中または終了時にガスボンバード処理を行い、エッジ部を選択的に研磨することで、耐チッピング性を向上させた表面被覆切削工具が知られている。 Further, as disclosed in Patent Document 2, the area ratio of the macro particles existing at the cutting edge position on the surface of the hard coating layer is 5% by area or less, and the area ratio of the macro particles existing on the rake face is 5%. A surface-coated cutting tool with improved chipping resistance by performing gas bombardment during or at the end of film formation and selectively polishing an edge portion is known.
また、特許文献３に開示されているように、成膜時のガス圧とアーク電流値を制御することによって硬質被覆層の表面に存在する直径５μｍ以上のマクロパーティクルを１０個／ｍｍ２以下としたことにより、耐チッピング性を向上させた表面被覆切削工具が知られている。 Further, as disclosed in Patent Document 3, by controlling the gas pressure and the arc current value during film formation, the number of macro particles having a diameter of 5 μm or more present on the surface of the hard coating layer is 10 particles / mm 2 or less. As a result, surface-coated cutting tools with improved chipping resistance are known.
近年の切削加工における省力化および省エネ化の要求は強く、これに伴い、被覆工具は一段と過酷な条件下で使用されるようになってきており、耐欠損性を高めるために、前記特許文献１〜３に示されるような手法で、被覆工具の性能向上がなされてきているが、耐欠損性の改善は未だ十分とはいえない。
前記特許文献１のように、硬質被覆層内に金属粒子を分散させることにより、膜内部の応力を緩和させ、耐欠損性を向上させることができる。ところが、通常、ターゲットから発生した金属粒子は工具基体表面に付着する前に凝固するため、金属粒子は形状や工具基体表面に対する角度がランダムな状態で皮膜に取り込まれる。球状に形成された粒子や、細長いものでも膜厚方向に縦長の粒子は切削時に抵抗を受けやすく脱落しやすい上、脱落時に膜表面を大きく損傷させてしまい、表面粗度が増すことで耐欠損性が低下するという課題がある。そのため、硬質被覆層内に単純に金属粒子を分散させただけでは、例えば、炭素鋼、合金工具鋼等の被削材を、耐摩耗性と耐欠損性が同時に必要とされる正面フライスなどの加工形態で加工した場合において、硬質被覆層が欠損を発生しやすく、その結果、比較的短時間で使用寿命に至るのが現状である。
In recent years, there is a strong demand for energy saving and energy saving in cutting, and with this, coated tools are increasingly used under severer conditions. Although the performance of the coated tool has been improved by the method as shown in -3, the improvement of the fracture resistance is still not sufficient.
As in Patent Document 1, by dispersing metal particles in the hard coating layer, the stress inside the film can be relaxed and the fracture resistance can be improved. However, since the metal particles generated from the target are usually solidified before adhering to the tool substrate surface, the metal particles are taken into the film in a state where the shape and the angle with respect to the tool substrate surface are random. Particles that are formed in a spherical shape or elongated in the film thickness direction, even if they are elongated, are subject to resistance during cutting and easily fall off, and the surface of the film is greatly damaged when dropped, resulting in increased chip roughness due to increased surface roughness. There is a problem that the performance decreases. Therefore, by simply dispersing the metal particles in the hard coating layer, for example, a work material such as carbon steel or alloy tool steel can be used, such as a face mill that requires wear resistance and fracture resistance at the same time. When processed in the processing mode, the hard coating layer is likely to be damaged, and as a result, the service life is reached in a relatively short time.
そこで、本発明が解決しようとする技術的課題、すなわち、本発明の目的は、炭素鋼、合金工具鋼等の被削材を正面フライスなどの加工形態で加工した場合であっても、すぐれた耐摩耗性と耐欠損性を発揮する表面被覆切削工具を提供することである。 Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention, that is, the object of the present invention is excellent even when a work material such as carbon steel or alloy tool steel is processed in a processing form such as a face mill. To provide a surface-coated cutting tool that exhibits wear resistance and fracture resistance.
本発明者らは、前述のような観点から、耐摩耗性と耐欠損性が同時に必要とされる正面フライス加工などの加工形態に用いられた場合においても、長期の使用に亘ってすぐれた耐摩耗性を発揮する被覆工具について鋭意研究を行った結果、以下の知見を得た。 From the viewpoints described above, the present inventors have excellent resistance to long-term use even when used in processing forms such as face milling that require wear resistance and fracture resistance at the same time. As a result of intensive studies on coated tools that exhibit wear, the following findings were obtained.
即ち、本発明者らは、硬質被覆層として、少なくともＡｌとＣｒとＳｉの複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層（以下、（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）で示す）を平均層厚０．５〜８．０μｍで被覆形成した被覆工具において、前記（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層内に構成元素の９０原子％以上が金属元素である粒子（以下、単に「金属粒子」と呼ぶ）を含有しており、その金属粒子は、断面長径が１．０μｍ以下、かつ、断面長径の平均値が０．０５〜０．５μｍで複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層中に３〜１０％の縦断面面積比率で分散分布し、前記金属粒子のうち、構成元素が５０原子％以上のＡｌを含み、かつ縦断面形状のアスペクト比が２．０以上かつ断面長径が基体表面となす鋭角が４５°以下である粒子の縦断面面積比率をＡ％、それ以外の粒子の縦断面面積比率をＢ％としたとき、０．３≦Ａ／（Ａ＋Ｂ）であり、さらに前記金属粒子は縦断面面積比率において最表面で１〜３％、最下面で１０〜１２％の範囲で分散分布していることによって、（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層はすぐれた耐欠損性を示すようになり、その結果、長期の使用に亘ってすぐれた耐摩耗性を発揮することを見出した。なお、本発明において、断面長径とは、基体表面に垂直な皮膜断面における金属粒子の断面形状で最も長い直径を意味する。 That is, the present inventors averaged at least a composite carbonitride layer or a composite nitride layer (hereinafter referred to as (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C)) of Al, Cr, and Si as the hard coating layer. In the coated tool formed by coating with a layer thickness of 0.5 to 8.0 μm, particles in which 90 atomic% or more of the constituent elements are metal elements in the (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C) layer (hereinafter simply referred to as “elements”) The metal particles have a cross-sectional major axis of 1.0 μm or less and an average cross-sectional major axis of 0.05 to 0.5 μm. The material layer is distributed and distributed in a vertical cross-sectional area ratio of 3 to 10%, and among the metal particles, the constituent element contains Al of 50 atomic% or more, and the aspect ratio of the vertical cross-sectional shape is 2.0 or more and the cross section Longitudinal cross-sectional area ratio of particles whose acute angle with the substrate surface is 45 ° or less A ≦ A / (A + B) where A% is the vertical cross-sectional area ratio of the other particles, and B ≦%. Further, the metal particles have a vertical cross-sectional area ratio of 1% to 3% on the outermost surface. By being distributed and distributed in the range of 10 to 12% on the lower surface, the (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C) layer exhibits excellent fracture resistance, and as a result, over a long period of use. It has been found that it exhibits excellent wear resistance. In the present invention, the cross-sectional major axis means the longest diameter in the cross-sectional shape of the metal particles in the cross section of the film perpendicular to the substrate surface.
本発明における硬質被覆層は、ＰＶＤ法を用いて炭化タングステン基超硬合金からなる工具基体表面に成膜する。例えば、図１にその概略を示すアークイオンプレーティング装置を用いて成膜を行うことができる。この場合、炉全体の雰囲気温度を制御するヒーターに加え、ターゲット前面に筒状ヒーターを設けることでターゲット前面の空間を高温にする。これによりターゲットから発生する金属粒子が雰囲気中で凝固することを防ぐことができ、高温のまま基体へ付着させることで、金属粒子は付着時の衝撃によって基体表面の形状に沿って変形する。金属粒子は基体表面の形状に沿って変形するため、基体表面が平滑であれば、皮膜の縦断面（基体表面に対して垂直な断面）から見て基体表面に沿った扁平形状となり、金属粒子の断面形状の断面長径が基体表面となす鋭角は４５°以下に制御される。金属粒子を基体表面に沿ったアスペクト比の大きい扁平形状とすることで切削時の抵抗が小さくなり、金属粒子は脱落しにくく、また脱落した場合でも膜厚方向への損傷が小さくなる。また、皮膜は下地の凹凸を反映して成長するので、扁平形状の金属粒子を分散させても皮膜の平滑性は損なわれない。その結果、耐欠損性にすぐれた皮膜を提供できる。
また、金属粒子を膜厚方向に均一に分布させるのではなく、最下面から最表面にかけて漸次減少するように分散分布させることで皮膜内の応力が緩和されるとともに、最表面に存在する金属粒子を少なく抑えることで耐摩耗性が向上することを見出した。筒状ヒーターからの輻射熱による皮膜へのダメージは基体治具に冷却機構を設けることで防ぐことができる。このような機構を有した成膜装置で成膜することで、本発明の特徴を持つ皮膜が形成される。
The hard coating layer in the present invention is formed on the surface of the tool base made of a tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide using the PVD method. For example, film formation can be performed using an arc ion plating apparatus whose outline is shown in FIG. In this case, in addition to the heater that controls the atmospheric temperature of the entire furnace, a cylindrical heater is provided on the front surface of the target to increase the temperature of the front surface of the target. As a result, the metal particles generated from the target can be prevented from solidifying in the atmosphere, and the metal particles are deformed along the shape of the surface of the substrate due to the impact at the time of adhesion by adhering to the substrate at a high temperature. Since the metal particles are deformed along the shape of the substrate surface, if the substrate surface is smooth, the metal particles have a flat shape along the substrate surface as viewed from the longitudinal section of the coating (cross section perpendicular to the substrate surface). The acute angle between the major axis of the cross-sectional shape and the surface of the substrate is controlled to 45 ° or less. By making the metal particles have a flat shape with a large aspect ratio along the surface of the substrate, the resistance during cutting is reduced, the metal particles are less likely to fall off, and even if dropped, damage in the film thickness direction is reduced. In addition, since the film grows reflecting the unevenness of the foundation, even if flat metal particles are dispersed, the smoothness of the film is not impaired. As a result, a film having excellent fracture resistance can be provided.
In addition, the metal particles are not uniformly distributed in the film thickness direction, but are dispersed and distributed so as to gradually decrease from the lowermost surface to the outermost surface. It has been found that the wear resistance is improved by suppressing the amount of carbon dioxide. Damage to the film due to radiant heat from the cylindrical heater can be prevented by providing a cooling mechanism in the base jig. A film having the characteristics of the present invention is formed by forming a film with a film forming apparatus having such a mechanism.
さらに、（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層における前記粒子の断面長径および縦断面面積比率、組成、縦断面形状のアスペクト比、アスペクト比２．０以上かつ断面長径が基体表面となす鋭角が４５°以下である粒子の粒子全体に対する縦断面面積比率は、ターゲット前面の空間の温度、ターゲットのアーク電流、ターゲット表面の磁力等の成膜条件を変更することで制御できることを見出した。ただし、縦断面面積比率は、前記成膜条件の変更だけでは３％以下まで抑えることは困難であるため、表面近傍では断続的なガスボンバード等による金属粒子除去処理を併用した。
また、前記複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層の表面に、少なくともＴｉ、Ｃｒ、Ａｌのいずれかの元素を含み、前記元素とＳｉの群から選ばれる一種以上の元素の窒化物層、炭化物層または炭窒化物層のいずれかであり、ビッカース硬度が２５００Ｈｖ以上かつ平均層厚０．５〜３．０μｍである表面層を備えたことによって、複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層の効果と相まって、結果として硬質被覆層が、より一層耐摩耗性を発揮することを見出した。ここで、前述の記載において、「少なくともＴｉ、Ｃｒ、Ａｌのいずれかの元素」と「前記元素とＳｉの群から選ばれる一種以上の元素」とが同じ元素となっても構わない。
また、前記炭化タングステン基超硬合金からなる工具基体表面と複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層との間に、少なくともＴｉ、Ｃｒのいずれかの元素を含み、前記元素とＡｌ、Ｓｉの群から選ばれる一種以上の元素の窒化物層または炭窒化物層である平均層厚０．１〜２．０μｍの中間層を備えることによって、前述した複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層の効果と相まって、結果として硬質被覆層が、より一層耐欠損性を発揮することを見出した。ここで、前述の記載において、「少なくともＴｉ、Ｃｒのいずれかの元素」と「前記元素とＡｌ、Ｓｉの群から選ばれる一種以上の元素」とが同じ元素となっても構わない。
以上のような知見に基づき、本発明を完成するに至った。
Further, in the (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C) layer, the cross-sectional long diameter and the vertical cross-sectional area ratio, composition, aspect ratio of the vertical cross-sectional shape, aspect ratio of 2.0 or more and the cross-sectional long diameter of the particles are the surface of the substrate. It has been found that the ratio of the longitudinal sectional area of the particles having an acute angle of 45 ° or less to the whole particles can be controlled by changing the film formation conditions such as the temperature of the space in front of the target, the arc current of the target, and the magnetic force of the target surface. However, since it is difficult to suppress the vertical cross-sectional area ratio to 3% or less only by changing the film forming conditions, a metal particle removal process such as intermittent gas bombardment is used in the vicinity of the surface.
Further, the surface of the composite carbonitride layer or the composite nitride layer contains at least one element of Ti, Cr, Al, a nitride layer of one or more elements selected from the group of the element and Si, and carbide The effect of the composite carbonitride layer or the composite nitride layer by providing a surface layer that is either a layer or a carbonitride layer and has a Vickers hardness of 2500 Hv or more and an average layer thickness of 0.5 to 3.0 μm As a result, it has been found that the hard coating layer further exhibits wear resistance. Here, in the above description, “at least one element of Ti, Cr, and Al” and “one or more elements selected from the group of the element and Si” may be the same element.
Further, between the tool substrate surface made of the tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide and the composite carbonitride layer or the composite nitride layer, at least one element of Ti and Cr is included, and the element and a group of Al and Si By providing an intermediate layer having an average layer thickness of 0.1 to 2.0 μm, which is a nitride layer or carbonitride layer of one or more elements selected from the above, the effect of the composite carbonitride layer or composite nitride layer described above As a result, it has been found that the hard coating layer exhibits even more fracture resistance. Here, in the above description, “at least one element of Ti and Cr” and “the element and one or more elements selected from the group of Al and Si” may be the same element.
Based on the above findings, the present invention has been completed.
本発明は、前記知見に基づいてなされたものであって、
「（１） 炭化タングステン基超硬合金からなる工具基体の表面に、物理蒸着法によって硬質被覆層を形成した表面被覆切削工具において、
前記硬質被覆層は、組成式：（Ａｌ１−ｘ−ｙＣｒｘＳｉｙ）（Ｎ１−ｚＣｚ）（但し、０．３≦ｘ≦０．７、０≦ｙ≦０．１、０≦ｚ≦０．３）で表される平均層厚０．５〜８．０μｍの複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層を少なくとも含み、
前記複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層は、構成元素の９０原子％以上が金属元素である粒子を含有しており、前記粒子は、断面長径が１．０μｍ以下、かつその平均値が０．０５〜０．５μｍであり、前記硬質被覆層中に３〜１０％の縦断面面積比率で分散分布し、
前記粒子のうち、構成元素に５０原子％以上のＡｌを含み、かつ縦断面形状のアスペクト比が２．０以上かつ断面長径が基体表面となす鋭角が４５°以下である粒子の縦断面面積比率をＡ％、それ以外の粒子の縦断面面積比率をＢ％としたとき、
０．３≦Ａ／（Ａ＋Ｂ）であり、
さらに、前記粒子は縦断面面積比率において最表面で１〜３％、最下面で１０〜１２％の範囲で分散分布しており、複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層の表面側に向けて漸次減少していることを特徴とする表面被覆切削工具。
（２） 前記複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層の表面に、少なくともＴｉ、Ｃｒ、Ａｌのいずれかの元素を含み、前記元素とＳｉからなる群から選ばれる１種以上の元素の窒化物層、炭化物層または炭窒化物層のいずれかであり、ビッカース硬さが２５００Ｈｖ以上かつ平均層厚０．５〜３．０μｍである表面層を備えたことを特徴とする（１）記載の表面被覆切削工具。
（３） 前記工具基体と前記複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層との間に、少なくともＴｉ、Ｃｒのいずれかの元素を含み、前記元素とＡｌ、Ｓｉからなる群から選ばれる１種以上の元素の窒化物層または炭窒化物層である平均層厚０．１〜２．０μｍの中間層を備えたことを特徴とする（１）または（２）記載の表面被覆切削工具。」
に特徴を有するものである。
The present invention has been made based on the above findings,
“(1) In a surface-coated cutting tool in which a hard coating layer is formed by physical vapor deposition on the surface of a tool substrate made of a tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide,
The hard coating layer has a composition formula: (Al 1-xy Cr x Si y ) (N 1-z C z ) (provided that 0.3 ≦ x ≦ 0.7, 0 ≦ y ≦ 0.1, At least a composite carbonitride layer or a composite nitride layer having an average layer thickness of 0.5 to 8.0 μm represented by 0 ≦ z ≦ 0.3),
The composite carbonitride layer or the composite nitride layer contains particles in which 90 atomic% or more of the constituent elements are metal elements, and the particles have a cross-sectional major axis of 1.0 μm or less and an average value of 0. 0.05 to 0.5 μm, and distributed and distributed in the hard coating layer at a longitudinal cross-sectional area ratio of 3 to 10%,
Among the particles, the vertical cross-sectional area ratio of particles containing 50 atomic% or more of Al as a constituent element, the aspect ratio of the vertical cross-sectional shape being 2.0 or higher, and the acute angle between the major axis of the cross-section and the substrate surface being 45 ° or less Is A%, and the vertical cross-sectional area ratio of the other particles is B%,
0.3 ≦ A / (A + B),
Further, the particles are dispersed and distributed in the range of 1 to 3% at the outermost surface and 10 to 12% at the lowermost surface in the longitudinal sectional area ratio, and toward the surface side of the composite carbonitride layer or composite nitride layer. A surface-coated cutting tool characterized by being gradually reduced.
(2) A nitride of at least one element selected from the group consisting of the element and Si, containing at least one of Ti, Cr, and Al on the surface of the composite carbonitride layer or composite nitride layer The surface according to (1), comprising a surface layer that is any one of a layer, a carbide layer, and a carbonitride layer and has a Vickers hardness of 2500 Hv or more and an average layer thickness of 0.5 to 3.0 μm Coated cutting tool.
(3) At least one selected from the group consisting of the element, Al, and Si, including at least one element of Ti and Cr between the tool base and the composite carbonitride layer or composite nitride layer The surface-coated cutting tool according to (1) or (2), comprising an intermediate layer having an average layer thickness of 0.1 to 2.0 μm, which is a nitride layer or carbonitride layer of the above element. "
It has the characteristics.
本発明について、以下に詳細を説明する。
（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層からなる複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層：
（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層（ＡｌとＣｒとＳｉの複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層）を少なくとも含む硬質被覆層においては、その構成成分であるＡｌ成分が高温硬さと耐熱性を向上させ、Ｃｒ成分が高温強度を向上させ、また、Ｓｉ成分が耐酸化性を向上させる。さらに、ＡｌとＣｒとが共存することによって高温耐酸化性を向上させる作用がある。
ところが、（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層において、ＡｌとＳｉとの合量に占めるＣｒの含有割合が３０原子％未満であると、溶着性の高い被削材の正面フライス切削加工において、被削材および切粉に対する耐溶着性を確保することができず、また、高温強度も低下するため、溶着、欠損を発生しやすくなる。一方、ＡｌとＳｉとの合量に占めるＣｒの含有割合が７０原子％を超えると、相対的なＡｌ含有割合の減少により、高温硬さの低下、耐熱性の低下が生じ、偏摩耗の発生、熱塑性変形の発生等により耐摩耗性が低下する。したがって、ＡｌとＳｉとの合量に占めるＣｒの含有割合は、３０〜７０原子％とすることが望ましい。
The present invention will be described in detail below.
A composite carbonitride layer or composite nitride layer comprising an (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C) layer:
In a hard coating layer including at least an (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C) layer (a composite carbonitride layer or composite nitride layer of Al, Cr, and Si), an Al component as a constituent component thereof is hardened at high temperature. Thus, the Cr component improves the high-temperature strength, and the Si component improves the oxidation resistance. Furthermore, the coexistence of Al and Cr has the effect of improving high-temperature oxidation resistance.
However, in the (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C) layer, when the content ratio of Cr in the total amount of Al and Si is less than 30 atomic%, face milling of the work material having high weldability is performed. In the processing, the welding resistance to the work material and the chips cannot be ensured, and the high-temperature strength also decreases, so that welding and chipping are likely to occur. On the other hand, when the content ratio of Cr in the total amount of Al and Si exceeds 70 atomic%, the decrease in the relative Al content ratio causes a decrease in high-temperature hardness and a decrease in heat resistance, resulting in uneven wear. In addition, wear resistance decreases due to occurrence of thermoplastic deformation. Therefore, the content ratio of Cr in the total amount of Al and Si is desirably 30 to 70 atomic%.
また、Ｓｉは含有させなくても一定の効果が奏されるが、ＡｌとＣｒとの合量に占めるＳｉの含有割合が１０原子％以下の範囲でＳｉを含有させることにより耐酸化性が向上し、高温硬さも向上するため、より好ましい。一方、ＡｌとＣｒとの合量に占めるＳｉの含有割合が１０原子％を超えると、（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層の高温靭性、高温強度が低下するので、ＡｌとＣｒとの合量に占めるＳｉの含有割合は、０〜１０原子％とすることが望ましい。
なお、複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層において、一部のＮをＣに置き換えることでさらに耐摩耗性を向上させることができるが、Ｃを含有するほど耐欠損性は低下するので、Ｎに対するＣの含有割合は、０〜３０原子％とすることが望ましい。
In addition, although a certain effect can be obtained even if Si is not contained, the oxidation resistance is improved by containing Si in a Si content ratio of 10 atomic% or less in the total amount of Al and Cr. In addition, since the high temperature hardness is also improved, it is more preferable. On the other hand, when the content ratio of Si in the total amount of Al and Cr exceeds 10 atomic%, the high temperature toughness and high temperature strength of the (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C) layer decrease, so Al and Cr The content ratio of Si in the total amount is preferably 0 to 10 atomic%.
In the composite carbonitride layer or composite nitride layer, the wear resistance can be further improved by substituting part of N with C. However, the defect resistance decreases with the addition of C. The content ratio of C with respect to is preferably 0 to 30 atomic%.
複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層の平均層厚が０．５μｍ未満であると金属粒子を内部に分散させても所望の効果が得ることができず、一方、８．０μｍを越えると切刃部に欠損が生じやすくなるため、平均層厚は０．５〜８．０μｍとした。 If the composite carbonitride layer or the average layer thickness of the composite nitride layer is less than 0.5 μm, the desired effect cannot be obtained even if the metal particles are dispersed inside. Since the blade portion is easily damaged, the average layer thickness was set to 0.5 to 8.0 μm.
（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層中における金属粒子の断面長径：
前述したように、本発明において、断面長径とは、基体表面に垂直な皮膜断面における金属粒子の断面形状で最も長い直径を意味する。内部に金属粒子を含有することで、皮膜内の残留応力が緩和され、膜内の応力分布が均一になるため、耐欠損性が向上する。また、特に高負荷な切削試験においては皮膜表面に生じた亀裂が皮膜内部へ進展するのを防ぐ効果もある。この際、金属粒子の断面長径が１．０μｍを超えると皮膜と平行方向に金属粒子が大きく広がることとなるため、炭窒化物膜の柱状の結晶成長が阻害され、その結果、膜の付着強度が低下し、耐欠損性が低下する。また、その平均値が０．０５μｍより小さいと目的とする応力緩和効果が得られず、０．５μｍを超えると粒子径分布が粒子径の大きい方に偏るため所望の分散分布に制御することが困難になる。したがって、（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層中における金属粒子の断面長径は、１．０μｍ以下とし、かつその平均値は、０．０５〜０．５μｍとする。さらに、その金属粒子の分散割合が縦断面面積比率で３％未満であると、応力緩和効果が十分でなく、１０％を超えると耐欠損性が低下する。したがって、金属粒子は、３〜１０％の縦断面面積比率で分散分布するように制御する。ここで、本発明における金属粒子とは、構成元素の９０原子％以上が金属元素である粒子を意味している。
また、構成元素中の窒素、炭素の合量が増加すると硬度が増し、応力緩和効果の低下や金属粒子自体の脆化を引き起こすため、金属粒子中に含まれる窒素、炭素の量は合量で５原子％以内であることが望ましい。
The cross-sectional major axis of the metal particles in the (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C) layer:
As described above, in the present invention, the cross-sectional major axis means the longest diameter in the cross-sectional shape of the metal particles in the cross section of the film perpendicular to the substrate surface. By containing metal particles inside, the residual stress in the film is relaxed and the stress distribution in the film becomes uniform, so that the fracture resistance is improved. In addition, particularly in a high-load cutting test, there is an effect of preventing cracks generated on the surface of the coating from progressing into the coating. At this time, when the cross-sectional major axis of the metal particles exceeds 1.0 μm, the metal particles spread greatly in the direction parallel to the film, so that the columnar crystal growth of the carbonitride film is inhibited, and as a result, the adhesion strength of the film Decreases, and the fracture resistance decreases. Further, if the average value is smaller than 0.05 μm, the intended stress relaxation effect cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 0.5 μm, the particle size distribution is biased toward the larger particle size, so that the desired dispersion distribution can be controlled. It becomes difficult. Therefore, the cross-sectional major axis of the metal particles in the (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C) layer is 1.0 μm or less, and the average value is 0.05 to 0.5 μm. Furthermore, if the dispersion ratio of the metal particles is less than 3% in terms of the longitudinal cross-sectional area ratio, the stress relaxation effect is insufficient, and if it exceeds 10%, the fracture resistance decreases. Therefore, the metal particles are controlled to be distributed and distributed at a longitudinal cross-sectional area ratio of 3 to 10%. Here, the metal particles in the present invention mean particles in which 90 atomic% or more of the constituent elements are metal elements.
In addition, when the total amount of nitrogen and carbon in the constituent elements increases, the hardness increases, causing a decrease in stress relaxation effect and embrittlement of the metal particles themselves, so the amount of nitrogen and carbon contained in the metal particles is the total amount. It is desirable to be within 5 atomic%.
（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層中における金属粒子の縦断面面積比率：
金属粒子のうち、構成元素に５０原子％以上のＡｌを含み、かつ、特定の縦断面において観察した縦断面形状のアスペクト比が２．０以上かつ断面長径が基体表面となす鋭角が４５°以上である粒子の縦断面面積比率をＡ％、それ以外の粒子の縦断面面積比率をＢ％としたとき、Ａ／（Ａ＋Ｂ）の値が０．３より小さい場合、切削時のこすれ摩耗によって金属粒子が脱落しやすく、また脱落時に膜が深さ方向に大きくえぐられるため、皮膜の表面粗度が増し、耐欠損性の低下を招くため、０．３≦Ａ／（Ａ＋Ｂ）とする。
Vertical cross-sectional area ratio of metal particles in the (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C) layer:
Among the metal particles, the constituent element contains 50 atomic% or more of Al, the aspect ratio of the longitudinal section observed in a specific longitudinal section is 2.0 or more, and the acute angle between the major axis of the section and the substrate surface is 45 ° or more. When A / (A + B) is smaller than 0.3 when the vertical cross-sectional area ratio of the particles is A% and the vertical cross-sectional area ratio of the other particles is B%, the metal is caused by rubbing wear during cutting. Since the particles easily fall off and the film is greatly swept away in the depth direction, the surface roughness of the film increases and the fracture resistance is lowered, so 0.3 ≦ A / (A + B).
アスペクト比の大きい扁平形状の金属粒子を効果的に分散させるためには、低融点金属であるＡｌの、粒子の構成成分に占める割合が高いことが望ましい。５０原子％以上のＡｌを含むことで金属粒子の融点が低くなるので、高アスペクト比の粒子が得られやすくなる。金属粒子はターゲット上の微小な溶融領域から発生するため、微小領域の組成の不均一性や溶融領域中の組成揺らぎによって、個々の金属粒子では、組成中のＡｌ量がターゲット中のＡｌ量よりも大きいものが発生し得る。一方で、全ての金属粒子における平均のＡｌ量はターゲットのＡｌ量に依存する。ここで、全ての金属粒子における平均のＡｌ量はターゲット表面の磁力を用いて制御できる。例えば、ＡｌＣｒターゲットの場合、蒸気圧の関係からＡｌが優先的に気化しやすいため、通常、ターゲットから発生する金属粒子の平均組成はターゲット組成と比べてＣｒ寄りになる。ターゲット表面の磁力を高めるとアークスポットの速度が増加し、アークスポットが局所的に留まる時間が短くなるため、局所的な加熱が抑えられ、Ａｌの気化を抑制することができ、ターゲットから発生する金属粒子の平均組成をＡｌ寄りにすることができる。また、Ａｌの気化が抑制されることで溶融領域におけるＡｌ量が増加するため、個々の金属粒子を見た場合にも、Ａｌが多く含まれた粒子が増加する。このようにして、同じ組成のターゲットを用いた場合でもターゲット表面の磁場を制御することによって金属粒子にＡｌを多く含ませることが可能である。 In order to effectively disperse the flat metal particles having a large aspect ratio, it is desirable that the ratio of Al, which is a low melting point metal, to the constituent components of the particles is high. By containing 50 atomic% or more of Al, the melting point of the metal particles is lowered, so that high aspect ratio particles are easily obtained. Since the metal particles are generated from a minute melting region on the target, the amount of Al in the composition is higher than the amount of Al in the target in each metal particle due to the non-uniformity of the composition in the minute region and the composition fluctuation in the melting region. Can also be large. On the other hand, the average Al amount in all the metal particles depends on the Al amount of the target. Here, the average amount of Al in all the metal particles can be controlled using the magnetic force of the target surface. For example, in the case of an AlCr target, Al is preferentially vaporized because of the vapor pressure, and therefore the average composition of metal particles generated from the target is usually closer to Cr than the target composition. Increasing the magnetic force on the target surface increases the speed of the arc spot and shortens the time that the arc spot stays locally, so that local heating can be suppressed and Al vaporization can be suppressed and generated from the target. The average composition of the metal particles can be closer to Al. Moreover, since the amount of Al in the melting region is increased by suppressing the vaporization of Al, even when individual metal particles are viewed, particles containing a large amount of Al increase. In this way, even when a target having the same composition is used, it is possible to contain a large amount of Al in the metal particles by controlling the magnetic field on the target surface.
金属粒子の膜厚方向の分散分布構造：
金属粒子を膜厚方向に分散させることで切削時に皮膜内に生じる亀裂の進展を防ぐことが出来、耐欠損性が向上する。しかしながら、金属粒子が分散することで皮膜の硬さがやや低下するため、高負荷な切削条件では耐摩耗性が不足することがある。粒子の断面面積比率を膜厚方向に制御することで表面側の耐摩耗性を維持しつつ、粒子の効果を得ることが可能で、より高負荷な切削条件で効果を発揮する。また、亀裂は金属粒子に達した後、金属と皮膜との界面に広がる。金属粒子分散層と非分散層の界面が明確に存在すると、その界面に亀裂が局所的に集中するため、つなぎ目で破壊が起こりやすくなる。表面側に向けて金属粒子が漸次減少するように分散させることで、表面の耐摩耗性を保ちつつ、耐欠損性を向上させるとともに、膜内に発生する応力を緩和することができ、さらに亀裂の局所集中を抑えることで異常損傷を抑えられる。
しかしながら、金属粒子の縦断面面積比率が最表面で１％未満になると、亀裂の進展を防ぐ効果が十分に奏されなくなる。一方、最下面で１２％を超えると前述した結晶成長の阻害により付着力が低下し、耐欠損性が低下する。また、最表面で３％を超え、最下面で１０％未満となると、結果として最表面と最下面の分布勾配が小さくなり、前述した亀裂の進展防止効果が発揮されなくなる。そこで、最表面で１〜３％、最下面で１０〜１２％の範囲で分散分布させるとともに、皮膜表面側に向けて漸次減少させることにより、すぐれた亀裂の進展防止効果を得ることが出来る。
Dispersion distribution structure of metal particles in the film thickness direction:
By dispersing the metal particles in the film thickness direction, it is possible to prevent the progress of cracks generated in the film during cutting, and the fracture resistance is improved. However, since the hardness of the film is slightly lowered due to the dispersion of the metal particles, the wear resistance may be insufficient under high-load cutting conditions. By controlling the cross-sectional area ratio of the particles in the film thickness direction, the effect of the particles can be obtained while maintaining the wear resistance on the surface side, and the effect is exhibited under higher load cutting conditions. Moreover, after reaching the metal particles, the crack spreads at the interface between the metal and the coating. When the interface between the metal particle dispersed layer and the non-dispersed layer is clearly present, cracks are locally concentrated on the interface, and therefore breakage easily occurs at the joint. Dispersing metal particles so that they gradually decrease toward the surface side, while maintaining the wear resistance of the surface, it is possible to improve the fracture resistance and relieve the stress generated in the film, and further cracks Abnormal damage can be suppressed by suppressing the local concentration of the.
However, when the ratio of the vertical cross-sectional area of the metal particles is less than 1% at the outermost surface, the effect of preventing the progress of cracks is not sufficiently achieved. On the other hand, if it exceeds 12% on the lowermost surface, the adhesion is lowered due to the inhibition of the crystal growth described above, and the fracture resistance is lowered. On the other hand, if it exceeds 3% on the outermost surface and less than 10% on the lowermost surface, the distribution gradient between the outermost surface and the lowermost surface becomes small as a result, and the effect of preventing the above-described crack propagation is not exhibited. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an excellent crack growth preventing effect by dispersing and distributing in the range of 1 to 3% on the outermost surface and 10 to 12% on the lowermost surface and gradually decreasing toward the coating surface side.
少なくともＴｉ、Ｃｒ、Ａｌのいずれかの元素を含み、前記元素とＳｉからなる群から選ばれる１種以上の元素の窒化物層、炭化物層または炭窒化物層からなる表面層：
本発明では複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層内部の金属粒子が内部応力を緩和することで耐欠損性を向上させるが、一方で、内部の金属粒子量が増加すると、複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層全体の硬さが低下し、耐摩耗性がやや低下する。そこで、前記複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層の表面に硬度の高い皮膜を設けることで、総合的な切削性能をさらに向上させることができる。しかしながら、その平均層厚が０．５μｍ未満では、前記表面層の効果が十分に奏されず、一方、３．０μｍを超えると皮膜内部の応力が高まり、チッピングの発生を招くため好ましくない。したがって、その平均層厚は、０．５〜３．０μｍと定めた。さらに、表面層のビッカース硬さが２５００Ｈｖ未満では、耐摩耗性を向上させる作用が十分でないため、２５００Ｈｖ以上と定めた。
A surface layer comprising a nitride layer, carbide layer or carbonitride layer of at least one element selected from the group consisting of at least one element of Ti, Cr, and Al and selected from the group consisting of the element and Si:
In the present invention, the composite carbonitride layer or the metal particles inside the composite nitride layer improves the fracture resistance by relaxing internal stress. On the other hand, when the amount of the internal metal particles increases, the composite carbonitride layer Or the hardness of the whole composite nitride layer falls, and abrasion resistance falls a little. Therefore, the overall cutting performance can be further improved by providing a coating with high hardness on the surface of the composite carbonitride layer or composite nitride layer. However, if the average layer thickness is less than 0.5 μm, the effect of the surface layer is not sufficiently achieved. On the other hand, if the average layer thickness exceeds 3.0 μm, the stress inside the film increases and chipping occurs, which is not preferable. Therefore, the average layer thickness was determined to be 0.5 to 3.0 μm. Furthermore, when the Vickers hardness of the surface layer is less than 2500 Hv, the effect of improving the wear resistance is not sufficient, so it was determined to be 2500 Hv or more.
少なくともＴｉ、Ｃｒのいずれかの元素を含み、前記元素とＡｌ、Ｓｉからなる群から選ばれる１種以上の元素の窒化物層または炭窒化物層からなる中間層：
本発明では複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層内部の金属粒子が内部応力を緩和することで耐欠損性を向上させるが、一方で、複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層内部の金属粒子量が増加すると、皮膜の柱状の結晶成長を阻害し、密着力がやや低下する。そこで、前記複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層と基材との間に、複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層の構成成分を含む親和性の高い皮膜を設けることで、さらに切削性能を向上させることができる。しかしながら、その平均層厚が０．１μｍ未満では、前記中間層の効果が十分に奏されず、一方、２．０μｍを超えると皮膜内部の応力が高まり、剥離の発生を招くため好ましくない。したがって、その平均層厚は、０．１〜２．０μｍと定めた。
An intermediate layer comprising a nitride layer or carbonitride layer of at least one element selected from the group consisting of at least one element of Ti and Cr and the element and Al and Si:
In the present invention, the composite carbonitride layer or the metal particles inside the composite nitride layer improves the fracture resistance by relieving internal stress, while the metal particles inside the composite carbonitride layer or the composite nitride layer When the amount increases, the columnar crystal growth of the film is hindered, and the adhesion is slightly reduced. Therefore, by providing a coating film having a high affinity containing the components of the composite carbonitride layer or the composite nitride layer between the composite carbonitride layer or the composite nitride layer and the base material, the cutting performance can be further improved. Can be improved. However, when the average layer thickness is less than 0.1 μm, the effect of the intermediate layer is not sufficiently achieved. On the other hand, when the average layer thickness exceeds 2.0 μm, the stress inside the film increases, which causes the occurrence of peeling. Therefore, the average layer thickness was determined to be 0.1 to 2.0 μm.
本発明の被覆工具は、炭化タングステン基超硬合金からなる工具基体の表面に、物理蒸着法によって硬質被覆層を形成した表面被覆切削工具において、硬質被覆層は、組成式：（Ａｌ１−ｘ−ｙＣｒｘＳｉｙ）（Ｎ１−ｚＣｚ）（但し、０．３≦ｘ≦０．７、０≦ｙ≦０．１、０≦ｚ≦０．３）で表される平均層厚０．５〜８．０μｍの複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層を少なくとも含み、硬質被覆層は、構成元素の９０原子％以上が金属元素である粒子を含有しており該粒子は、断面長径が１．０μｍ以下、かつその平均値が０．０５〜０．５μｍで硬質被覆層中に３〜１０％の縦断面面積比率で分散分布し、前記粒子のうち、構成元素に５０原子％以上のＡｌを含み、かつ縦断面形状のアスペクト比が２．０以上かつ断面長径が基体表面となす鋭角が４５°以下である粒子の縦断面面積比率をＡ％、それ以外の粒子の縦断面面積比率をＢ％としたとき、０．３≦Ａ／（Ａ＋Ｂ）であり、さらに、前記粒子は縦断面面積比率において最表面で１〜３％、最下面で１０〜１２％の範囲で分散分布しており、硬質被覆層の表面側に向けて漸次減少していることにより、表面の耐摩耗性を保ちつつ、耐欠損性を向上させ、さらに亀裂の局所集中を抑えることで異常損傷を抑えられるという効果を発揮する。
さらに複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層の表面に、平均層厚０．５〜３．０μｍでビッカース硬さが２５００Ｈｖ以上である少なくともＴｉ、Ｃｒ、Ａｌのいずれかの元素を含み、前記元素とＳｉからなる群から選ばれる１種以上の元素の窒化物層、炭化物層または炭窒化物層からなる表面層を形成した場合には、前記の効果に加えてすぐれた耐摩耗性を発揮するものである。
また、工具基体と複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層との間に、平均層厚０．１〜２．０μｍである少なくともＴｉ、Ｃｒのいずれかの元素を含み、前記元素とＡｌ、Ｓｉからなる群から選ばれる１種以上の元素の窒化物層または炭窒化物層からなる中間層を形成した場合には、前記の効果に増してさらにすぐれた耐欠損性を発揮するものである。
The coated tool of the present invention is a surface-coated cutting tool in which a hard coating layer is formed on the surface of a tool base made of a tungsten carbide base cemented carbide by a physical vapor deposition method. The hard coating layer has a composition formula: (Al 1-x -y Cr x Si y) (N 1-z C z) ( where an average layer represented by 0.3 ≦ x ≦ 0.7,0 ≦ y ≦ 0.1,0 ≦ z ≦ 0.3) At least a composite carbonitride layer or a composite nitride layer having a thickness of 0.5 to 8.0 μm is included, and the hard coating layer contains particles in which 90 atomic% or more of the constituent elements are metal elements. The major axis of the cross section is 1.0 μm or less and the average value is 0.05 to 0.5 μm, and the hard coating layer is dispersed and distributed in a vertical cross-sectional area ratio of 3 to 10%. % Of Al, the aspect ratio of the longitudinal section is 2.0 or more, and the major axis of the section is based on When the vertical cross-sectional area ratio of particles whose acute angle with the body surface is 45 ° or less is A% and the vertical cross-sectional area ratio of the other particles is B%, 0.3 ≦ A / (A + B), In the longitudinal cross-sectional area ratio, the particles are dispersed and distributed in the range of 1 to 3% on the outermost surface and 10 to 12% on the lowermost surface, and gradually decreasing toward the surface side of the hard coating layer. While maintaining the wear resistance of the surface, it is possible to improve the fracture resistance and to suppress abnormal damage by suppressing local concentration of cracks.
Furthermore, the surface of the composite carbonitride layer or the composite nitride layer contains at least any element of Ti, Cr, Al having an average layer thickness of 0.5 to 3.0 μm and a Vickers hardness of 2500 Hv or more, In addition to the above effects, excellent wear resistance is exhibited when a nitride layer, carbide layer or carbonitride layer of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Si and Si is formed. Is.
Further, between the tool base and the composite carbonitride layer or the composite nitride layer, at least one element of Ti or Cr having an average layer thickness of 0.1 to 2.0 μm is included, and the element and Al, Si In the case where an intermediate layer composed of a nitride layer or carbonitride layer of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of the above is formed, the defect resistance is further improved in addition to the above effects.
つぎに、本発明の被覆工具を実施例により具体的に説明する。 Next, the coated tool of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
原料粉末として、０．５〜１．０μｍの平均粒径を有するＷＣ粉末と、いずれも１〜３μｍの平均粒径を有するＴｉＣ粉末、ＺｒＣ粉末、ＶＣ粉末、ＴａＣ粉末、ＮｂＣ粉末、Ｃｒ3Ｃ2粉末、およびＣｏ粉末を用意し、これら原料粉末を、表１に示される配合組成に配合し、さらにワックスを加えてアセトン中で２４時間ボールミル混合し、減圧乾燥した後、９８ＭＰａの圧力で、最終形状がＩＳＯ・ＳＥＥＮ１２０３ＡＦＴＮ１（超硬基体Ａ〜Ｅ）となるような素材形状の圧粉体にプレス成形し、この圧粉体を５Ｐａの真空中、１３７０〜１４７０℃の範囲内の所定の温度に１時間保持の条件で真空焼結し、焼結後、上下面を外周加工し、切刃部に幅０．１５ｍｍ、角度２０度のチャンファーホーニング加工することにより、ＷＣ基超硬合金製の工具基体Ａ〜Ｅをそれぞれ製造した。 As raw material powder, WC powder having an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 1.0 μm, TiC powder, ZrC powder, VC powder, TaC powder, NbC powder, Cr 3 C, all having an average particle diameter of 1 to 3 μm. 2 powders and Co powders were prepared, and these raw material powders were blended into the blending composition shown in Table 1, further added with wax, ball milled in acetone for 24 hours, dried under reduced pressure, and then at a pressure of 98 MPa, The green compact is press-molded into a green compact with a material shape such that the final shape is ISO · SEEN1203AFTN1 (superhard substrate A to E), and the green compact is subjected to a predetermined temperature within a range of 1370 to 1470 ° C in a vacuum of 5 Pa. WC-based super-hardened by vacuum sintering under the condition of holding for 1 hour, and after sintering, the upper and lower surfaces are peripherally processed and the cutting edge is 0.15 mm wide and 20 degrees chamfer honing Made in the tool substrate A~E were produced, respectively.
つぎに、これらの工具基体Ａ〜Ｅを、図１に示すアークイオンプレーティング装置に装入し、表２に示す条件で、Ｔｉボンバードを施し、次いで、同じく表２に示す組成のターゲットを用い、同表の成膜条件で所定の目標層厚の（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層を蒸着形成する。なお、皮膜内の金属粒子量の制御を行うため、成膜中にアーク電流値を変化させている。表２に示した左の数値が最下面における電流値、右の数値が最表面における電流値であり、狙いの金属粒子の縦断面面積比率が得られるよう、この範囲で漸次変化させた。前述したように、このとき、炉全体の雰囲気温度を制御するヒーターに加え、ターゲット前面に筒状ヒーターを設けることでターゲット前面の空間を高温にする。これによりターゲットから発生する金属粒子が雰囲気中で凝固することを防ぐことができ、金属粒子は工具基体へ付着した際に工具基体表面の形状に沿って変形する。筒状ヒーターからの輻射熱による皮膜へのダメージは工具基体治具に冷却機構を設けることで防ぐことができる。ターゲット前面の空間を加熱する筒状ヒーターはターゲットから見て工具基体方向に伸びており、長さはヒーターの先端がターゲット−工具基体間距離の２／３〜３／４ほどの位置にあることが望ましい。長すぎると皮膜に輻射熱によるダメージが入り、一方で短すぎるとターゲット前面に存在する高温の空間が狭くなるため、工具基体付着前に金属粒子が凝固してしまう。ターゲット前面の空間を適切に加熱するためには、設置位置はターゲット表面から５０ｍｍ以内の位置が望ましく、例えば、アノード電極の前面などに設置すると良い。この時、ターゲット中心磁力を高く、ヒーター温度を高くするほど、金属粒子を扁平にすることが出来る。ターゲット前面の空間の温度、ターゲットのアーク電流、ターゲット表面の磁力等の成膜条件を変更することにより、金属粒子の縦断面面積比率が所定の分散分布となるように制御する。また、皮膜表面近傍では、断続的にガスボンバード等による金属粒子除去処理を行う。工具基体の冷却機構は、例えば、試料治具に冷却水を流して冷却する方法がある。このようにして、表３に示す本発明被覆工具１〜１０を製造した。なお、表中で述べた「本願の規定に沿う金属粒子」とは、複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層に含まれる金属粒子の内、「構成元素に５０原子％以上のＡｌを含み、かつ縦断面形状のアスペクト比が２．０以上かつ断面長径が工具基体表面となす鋭角が４５°以下である金属粒子」のことを指す。 Next, these tool bases A to E are charged into the arc ion plating apparatus shown in FIG. 1, Ti bombarded is applied under the conditions shown in Table 2, and then a target having the composition shown in Table 2 is used. The (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C) layer having a predetermined target layer thickness is formed by vapor deposition under the film forming conditions shown in the table. Note that the arc current value is changed during film formation in order to control the amount of metal particles in the film. The numerical values on the left shown in Table 2 are the current values on the lowermost surface, and the numerical values on the right are the electric current values on the outermost surface. The values were gradually changed in this range so that the target metal particle longitudinal area ratio was obtained. As described above, at this time, in addition to the heater that controls the atmospheric temperature of the entire furnace, a space in front of the target is raised by providing a cylindrical heater on the front surface of the target. As a result, the metal particles generated from the target can be prevented from solidifying in the atmosphere, and the metal particles are deformed along the shape of the tool base surface when they are attached to the tool base. Damage to the film due to radiant heat from the cylindrical heater can be prevented by providing a cooling mechanism in the tool base jig. The cylindrical heater that heats the space in front of the target extends in the direction of the tool base as seen from the target, and the length of the heater is about 2/3 to 3/4 of the distance between the target and the tool base. Is desirable. If it is too long, the coating will be damaged by radiant heat. On the other hand, if it is too short, the high-temperature space existing on the front surface of the target will be narrowed, so that the metal particles will solidify before adhering to the tool base. In order to appropriately heat the space in front of the target, the installation position is preferably within 50 mm from the target surface, and for example, it may be installed on the front surface of the anode electrode. At this time, the metal particles can be flattened as the target central magnetic force is increased and the heater temperature is increased. By changing the film forming conditions such as the temperature of the space in front of the target, the arc current of the target, and the magnetic force of the target surface, the vertical cross-sectional area ratio of the metal particles is controlled to have a predetermined dispersion distribution. Moreover, the metal particle removal process by gas bombarding etc. is intermittently performed in the vicinity of the coating surface. As a cooling mechanism for the tool base, for example, there is a method of cooling by flowing cooling water through a sample jig. Thus, this invention coated tool 1-10 shown in Table 3 was manufactured. In addition, the “metal particles in accordance with the provisions of the present application” described in the table means that among the metal particles contained in the composite carbonitride layer or the composite nitride layer, “the constituent element contains 50 atomic% or more of Al, Further, it means a metal particle having an aspect ratio of 2.0 or more in longitudinal section and an acute angle of 45 ° or less with respect to the tool base surface.
前記本発明被覆工具１〜１０の（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層について、工具基体表面に垂直な複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層断面の組織観察と組成分析を、透過型電子顕微鏡−エネルギー分散型Ｘ線分光分析（ＴＥＭ−ＥＤＳ）を用いて行った。複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層断面に対して０．０１μｍ以下の空間分解能の元素マッピングを行い、被覆した（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層の組成が規定の範囲内であることを確認し、同時に膜断面において窒素と炭素の合量が１０原子％以内である領域を金属粒子の断面と見なし、点分析によって金属粒子の組成を分析した。次に、金属粒子の断面と見なした領域における最大径を長径、それに直交する線分の最大径を短径とし、金属粒子の縦断面形状を楕円に近似した。ここで得られた長径が、本発明の断面長径である。金属粒子の断面長径が１．０μｍ以下、かつその平均値が０．０５〜０．５μｍの範囲内であることを確認し、長径、短径の長さから各々の金属粒子の縦断面面積を算出した。さらに金属粒子を本願の規定に沿うもの、すなわち組成分析の結果において構成元素に５０原子％以上のＡｌを含み、かつ縦断面形状のアスペクト比が２．０以上かつ断面長径が工具基体表面となす鋭角が４５°以下である粒子とそうでない粒子に区分し、それぞれの粒子の縦断面面積を合計し、本願の規定に沿う金属粒子の断面面積比率が３〜１０％の範囲内であることを確認した。次に複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層の縦断面図を膜厚方向に５分割し、それぞれの区分において粒子の縦断面面積を複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層の縦断面面積で除することにより、各区分における本願の規定に沿う粒子の縦断面面積比率Ａ（％）、それ以外の粒子の縦断面面積比率Ｂ（％）を算出した。横４μｍ、任意の５箇所の断面画像において各区分の断面面積比率を測定し、平均値を取った。ここで、皮膜断面における最も表面側の区分で粒子の断面面積比率が１〜３％かつ最も工具基体表面側の区分で断面面積比率が１０〜１２％であり、区分間において工具基体表面側から硬質被覆層の表面側にかけて断面面積比率が漸次減少していることを確認した。また、皮膜断面全体でのＡ／（Ａ＋Ｂ）の値を計算によって求め、規定の範囲内であることを確認した。アスペクト比は、楕円近似した金属粒子断面の長径と短径の長さの比を、長径を分母、短径を分子として取る。本発明では複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層の断面画像から縦３μｍ×横４μｍの範囲を無作為に１０箇所選び出して前述した測定を行った。なお、層厚が３μｍに満たない複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層については面積が１２平方μｍとなるように適宜測定範囲を決定し、同様の測定を行った。 For the (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C) layer of the inventive coated tools 1 to 10, the structure observation and composition analysis of the composite carbonitride layer or the composite nitride layer cross section perpendicular to the tool substrate surface are transmitted. This was performed using a scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDS). Element mapping with a spatial resolution of 0.01 μm or less is performed on the composite carbonitride layer or the cross section of the composite nitride layer, and the composition of the coated (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C) layer is within the specified range. At the same time, the region where the total amount of nitrogen and carbon was within 10 atomic% in the film cross section was regarded as the cross section of the metal particle, and the composition of the metal particle was analyzed by point analysis. Next, the maximum diameter in the region regarded as the cross section of the metal particles was the long diameter, the maximum diameter of the line segment perpendicular to the long diameter was the short diameter, and the vertical cross-sectional shape of the metal particles was approximated to an ellipse. The major axis obtained here is the sectional major axis of the present invention. Confirm that the cross-sectional major axis of the metal particles is 1.0 μm or less and that the average value is in the range of 0.05 to 0.5 μm, and determine the longitudinal sectional area of each metal particle from the length of the major axis and minor axis. Calculated. Further, the metal particles conform to the provisions of the present application, that is, in the result of composition analysis, the constituent element contains 50 atomic% or more of Al, the aspect ratio of the longitudinal sectional shape is 2.0 or more, and the sectional major axis is the tool base surface. It is classified into particles having an acute angle of 45 ° or less and particles that are not, and the total cross-sectional areas of the respective particles are summed up, and the cross-sectional area ratio of the metal particles in accordance with the provisions of the present application is within a range of 3 to 10%. confirmed. Next, the longitudinal sectional view of the composite carbonitride layer or the composite nitride layer is divided into five in the film thickness direction, and the longitudinal sectional area of the particle in each section is the longitudinal sectional area of the composite carbonitride layer or the composite nitride layer. By dividing, the vertical cross-sectional area ratio A (%) of the particles in accordance with the provisions of the present application in each section and the vertical cross-sectional area ratio B (%) of the other particles were calculated. The cross-sectional area ratio of each section was measured in cross-sectional images of 4 μm wide and arbitrary 5 locations, and an average value was taken. Here, the cross-sectional area ratio of the particles is 1 to 3% in the most surface side section in the coating cross section, and the cross-sectional area ratio is 10 to 12% in the most tool base surface side section. It was confirmed that the cross-sectional area ratio gradually decreased toward the surface side of the hard coating layer. Moreover, the value of A / (A + B) in the entire cross section of the film was obtained by calculation and confirmed to be within a specified range. The aspect ratio takes the ratio of the major axis and minor axis length of the cross section of the metal particle approximated to an ellipse, with the major axis as the denominator and the minor axis as the numerator. In the present invention, the above-described measurement was performed by randomly selecting 10 locations in the range of 3 μm in length and 4 μm in width from the cross-sectional image of the composite carbonitride layer or composite nitride layer. In addition, about the composite carbonitride layer or composite nitride layer whose layer thickness is less than 3 micrometers, the measurement range was determined suitably so that an area might become 12 square micrometers, and the same measurement was performed.
表３に、これらの値をそれぞれ示す。値は前述の測定範囲の平均値である。ここで、「全金属粒子の平均Ａｌ量」を表２の条件と比較すると、ターゲット表面磁力の大きい条件ほど全金属粒子の平均Ａｌ量がターゲット組成に近づくことがわかり、ターゲット磁力を用いて確かに金属粒子の組成が制御できているとわかる。 Table 3 shows these values. The value is an average value of the aforementioned measurement range. Here, comparing the “average Al amount of all metal particles” with the conditions in Table 2, it can be seen that the average Al amount of all metal particles approaches the target composition as the condition of the target surface magnetic force increases. It can be seen that the composition of the metal particles can be controlled.
また、図２に、本発明の被覆工具の硬質被覆層の概念を説明する縦断面模式図を本発明の特性値とともに示す。複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層中の金属粒子のうち観察面における縦断面形状のアスペクト比が２．０以上かつ断面長径が工具基体表面となす鋭角が４５°以下であるものを金属粒子Ａとし、右ハッチを付し、それ以外の金属粒子を金属粒子Ｂとし、左ハッチを付している。また、図３に本発明の被覆工具の複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層中の金属粒子の分散分布の状態を説明する縦断面模式図を金属粒子の断面面積比率と膜厚方向深さとの関係を表したグラフとともに示す。 Moreover, the longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram explaining the concept of the hard coating layer of the coating tool of this invention with the characteristic value of this invention is shown in FIG. Among the metal particles in the composite carbonitride layer or the composite nitride layer, those having an aspect ratio of 2.0 or more in the longitudinal cross-sectional shape on the observation surface and an acute angle of 45 ° or less with respect to the tool base surface are measured. A is assigned with a right hatch, and other metal particles are designated as metal particles B with a left hatch. FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram for explaining the state of dispersion distribution of metal particles in the composite carbonitride layer or composite nitride layer of the coated tool of the present invention. It is shown with the graph showing the relationship.
また、比較の目的で、前記アークイオンプレーティング装置を用いて、工具基体Ａ〜Ｅの表面に、実施例と同様に、表４に示す条件で、Ｔｉボンバードを施し、次いで、同じく表４に示す条件で、金属粒子が分散分布した所定の層厚の（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層、（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層を蒸着形成した。この時、筒状ヒーターの設定温度やターゲット表面磁力などの成膜条件を制御することにより、金属粒子の断面長径、アスペクト比を制御し、表５に示される比較被覆工具１〜１０を作製した。 Further, for the purpose of comparison, Ti bombarding was performed on the surfaces of the tool bases A to E under the conditions shown in Table 4 using the arc ion plating apparatus under the conditions shown in Table 4, and then also in Table 4. Under the conditions shown, an (Al, Cr) (N, C) layer and an (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C) layer having a predetermined layer thickness in which metal particles were dispersed and distributed were formed by vapor deposition. At this time, by controlling the film forming conditions such as the set temperature of the cylindrical heater and the target surface magnetic force, the cross-sectional major axis and the aspect ratio of the metal particles were controlled, and comparative coated tools 1 to 10 shown in Table 5 were produced. .
比較被覆工具１〜１０の（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層、（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層についても、その断面をＴＥＭ−ＥＤＳによって観察し、複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層に含有される金属粒子のうち、縦断面形状のアスペクト比が２．０以上かつ断面長径が基体表面となす鋭角が４５°以下である粒子の縦断面面積比率Ａ（％）、それ以外の粒子の縦断面面積比率Ｂ（％）を測定し、また、Ａ／（Ａ＋Ｂ）の値を計算によって求めた。さらに、縦断面形状の断面長径が０．０５〜０．５μｍの金属粒子の縦断面面積比率（％）を測定した。 The cross sections of the (Al, Cr) (N, C) layer and (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C) layer of the comparative coated tools 1 to 10 were also observed by TEM-EDS, and the composite carbonitride layer was observed. Alternatively, among the metal particles contained in the composite nitride layer, the longitudinal cross-sectional area ratio A (%) of the particles having an aspect ratio of 2.0 or more in longitudinal section and an acute angle of 45 ° or less with respect to the substrate surface. Then, the vertical cross-sectional area ratio B (%) of the other particles was measured, and the value of A / (A + B) was obtained by calculation. Furthermore, the longitudinal cross-sectional area ratio (%) of the metal particle whose cross-sectional major axis of a longitudinal cross-sectional shape is 0.05-0.5 micrometer was measured.
これらの値を同じく表５にそれぞれ示す。 These values are also shown in Table 5, respectively.
また、本発明被覆工具１〜１０および比較被覆工具１〜１０について、工具基体表面に垂直な膜断面の観察を走査型電子顕微鏡（ＳＥＭ）を用いて行い、撮影した画像から各構成層の層厚を測定した。各工具とも５箇所の断面画像から得た層厚を平均したところ、いずれも表３、表５に示される目標層厚と実質的に同じ平均層厚を示した。 Moreover, about this invention coated tool 1-10 and comparative coated tool 1-10, observation of the film | membrane cross section perpendicular | vertical to the tool base | substrate surface is performed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the layer of each component layer from the image | photographed image The thickness was measured. For each tool, when the layer thicknesses obtained from the cross-sectional images at five locations were averaged, the average layer thicknesses were substantially the same as the target layer thicknesses shown in Tables 3 and 5.
つぎに、前記本発明被覆工具１〜１０および比較被覆工具１〜１０について、以下に示す条件で、炭素鋼の高速正面フライス切削加工試験を実施し、切刃の逃げ面摩耗幅を測定した。なお、切削にはＳＥ４４５Ｒ０５０６Ｅのカッタを使用し、単刃にて実施した。
Next, a high-speed face milling cutting test of carbon steel was performed on the present invention coated tools 1 to 10 and comparative coated tools 1 to 10 under the following conditions, and the flank wear width of the cutting blade was measured. The cutting was performed with a single blade using a SE445R0506E cutter.
被削材： ＪＩＳ・Ｓ５５Ｃのブロック材、幅６０ｍｍ×長さ２５０ｍｍ
切削速度： ３３０ｍ／ｍｉｎ（回転速度： ８４１／ｍｉｎ）
送り量： ０．１ｍｍ／刃、
切り込み： ２ｍｍ、
切削幅： ６０ｍｍ、センターカット
切削時間： ５ 分、
切削油剤： 乾式切削
表６に、前記切削試験の結果を示す。
Work material: Block material of JIS / S55C, width 60mm x length 250mm
Cutting speed: 330 m / min (rotational speed: 841 / min)
Feed amount: 0.1 mm / tooth,
Cutting depth: 2mm,
Cutting width: 60 mm, center cutting time: 5 minutes,
Cutting fluid: dry cutting Table 6 shows the results of the cutting test.
表３、５、６に示される結果から、本発明の被覆工具は、硬質被覆層に少なくとも含まれる（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層中に断面長径０．０５〜０．５μｍの金属粒子が３〜１０％の縦断面面積比率で最下面側から最表面側に向けて漸次減少するように分散分布しており、金属粒子のうち、構成元素が５０原子％以上のＡｌを含み、縦断面形状のアスペクト比が２．０以上かつ断面長径が基体表面となす鋭角が４５°以下である粒子の縦断面面積比率をＡ％、それ以外の粒子の縦断面面積比率をＢ％としたとき、０．３≦Ａ／（Ａ＋Ｂ）であることから、正面フライス加工においてすぐれた耐欠損性を示し、その結果、長期に亘ってすぐれた耐摩耗性を発揮する。
さらに、複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層の表面に、少なくともＴｉ、Ｃｒ、Ａｌのいずれかの元素を含み、前記元素とＳｉの群から選ばれる１種以上の元素の窒化物層、炭化物層または炭窒化物層のいずれかであり、ビッカース硬さが２５００Ｈｖ以上かつ平均層厚０．５〜３．０μｍである表面層を備えることにより、より一層の耐摩耗性を発揮する。
また、工具基体と複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層との間に、少なくともＴｉ、Ｃｒのいずれかの元素を含み、前記元素とＡｌ、Ｓｉからなる群から選ばれる１種以上の元素の窒化物層または炭窒化物層である平均層厚０．１〜２．０μｍの中間層を備えることにより、より一層の耐欠損性を発揮する。
From the results shown in Tables 3, 5 and 6, the coated tool of the present invention has a cross-sectional major axis of 0.05 to 0.5 μm in the (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C) layer contained at least in the hard coating layer. The metal particles are dispersed and distributed so that the metal particles gradually decrease from the lowermost surface side toward the outermost surface side at a vertical cross-sectional area ratio of 3 to 10%. In addition, the vertical cross-sectional area ratio of particles whose aspect ratio of the vertical cross-sectional shape is 2.0 or more and the acute angle between the cross-sectional major axis and the substrate surface is 45 ° or less is A%, and the vertical cross-sectional area ratio of other particles is B%. In this case, since 0.3 ≦ A / (A + B), excellent fracture resistance is exhibited in face milling, and as a result, excellent wear resistance is exhibited over a long period of time.
Further, the surface of the composite carbonitride layer or the composite nitride layer includes at least one element of Ti, Cr, Al, and a nitride layer of one or more elements selected from the group of the elements and Si, carbides By providing a surface layer that is either a layer or a carbonitride layer and has a Vickers hardness of 2500 Hv or more and an average layer thickness of 0.5 to 3.0 μm, further wear resistance is exhibited.
Moreover, between the tool base and the composite carbonitride layer or the composite nitride layer, at least one element of Ti and Cr, and one or more elements selected from the group consisting of the element and Al and Si By providing an intermediate layer having an average layer thickness of 0.1 to 2.0 μm, which is a nitride layer or carbonitride layer, further fracture resistance is exhibited.
これに対して、硬質被覆層に少なくとも含まれる（Ａｌ，Ｃｒ，Ｓｉ）（Ｎ，Ｃ）層中の断面長径０．０５〜０．５μｍの金属粒子の縦断面面積比率、金属粒子のうち、構成元素が５０原子％以上のＡｌを含み、縦断面形状のアスペクト比が２．０以上かつ断面長径が基体表面となす鋭角が４５°以下である粒子の縦断面面積比率をＡ％、それ以外の粒子の縦断面面積比率をＢ％としたときのＡ／（Ａ＋Ｂ）のうちのいずれかが本発明で規定する範囲から外れる比較被覆工具１〜１０は、正面フライス加工において、チッピング、欠損等の発生により短時間で寿命にいたることが明らかである。 On the other hand, among the metal particles, the longitudinal cross-sectional area ratio of the metal particles having a cross-sectional major axis of 0.05 to 0.5 μm in the (Al, Cr, Si) (N, C) layer contained at least in the hard coating layer, A% of the cross-sectional area ratio of the particles whose constituent element contains Al of 50 atomic% or more, the aspect ratio of the vertical cross-sectional shape is 2.0 or more, and the acute angle between the cross-sectional major axis and the substrate surface is 45 ° or less, and other Comparative coating tools 1 to 10 in which any one of A / (A + B) when the vertical cross-sectional area ratio of the particles of B is set to B% are out of the range defined in the present invention are chipping, chipping, etc. It is clear that the occurrence of a short life span.
前述のように、本発明の被覆工具は、例えば、炭素鋼、合金工具鋼等の被削材の高速切削加工において、すぐれた耐欠損性、耐摩耗性を発揮し、使用寿命の延命化を可能とするものであるが、他の被削材の切削加工、他の条件での切削加工で使用することも勿論可能である。 As described above, the coated tool of the present invention exhibits excellent chipping resistance and wear resistance in, for example, high-speed cutting of work materials such as carbon steel and alloy tool steel, thereby extending the service life. Needless to say, it is of course possible to use in cutting of other work materials and cutting under other conditions.
Claims (3)
前記硬質被覆層は、組成式：（Ａｌ１−ｘ−ｙＣｒｘＳｉｙ）（Ｎ１−ｚＣｚ）（但し、０．３≦ｘ≦０．７、０≦ｙ≦０．１、０≦ｚ≦０．３）で表される平均層厚０．５〜８．０μｍの複合炭窒化物層または複合窒化物層からなり、
前記硬質被覆層は、構成元素の９０原子％以上が金属元素である粒子を含有しており、前記粒子は、断面長径が１．０μｍ以下、かつその平均値が０．０５〜０．５μｍで前記硬質被覆層中に３〜１０％の縦断面面積比率で分散分布し、
前記粒子のうち、構成元素に５０原子％以上のＡｌを含み、かつ縦断面形状のアスペクト比が２．０以上かつ断面長径が基体表面となす鋭角が４５°以下である粒子の縦断面面積比率をＡ％、それ以外の粒子の縦断面面積比率をＢ％としたとき、
０．３≦Ａ／（Ａ＋Ｂ）であり、
さらに、前記粒子は縦断面面積比率において最表面で１〜３％、最下面で１０〜１２％の範囲で分散分布しており、硬質被覆層の表面側に向けて漸次減少していることを特徴とする表面被覆切削工具。 In a surface-coated cutting tool in which a hard coating layer is formed by physical vapor deposition on the surface of a tool substrate made of a tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide,
The hard coating layer has a composition formula: (Al 1-xy Cr x Si y ) (N 1-z C z ) (provided that 0.3 ≦ x ≦ 0.7, 0 ≦ y ≦ 0.1, A composite carbonitride layer or a composite nitride layer having an average layer thickness of 0.5 to 8.0 μm represented by 0 ≦ z ≦ 0.3),
The hard coating layer contains particles in which 90 atomic% or more of the constituent elements are metal elements, and the particles have a cross-sectional major axis of 1.0 μm or less and an average value of 0.05 to 0.5 μm. In the hard coating layer, distributed and distributed in a vertical cross-sectional area ratio of 3 to 10%,
Among the particles, the vertical cross-sectional area ratio of particles containing 50 atomic% or more of Al as a constituent element, the aspect ratio of the vertical cross-sectional shape being 2.0 or higher, and the acute angle between the major axis of the cross-section and the substrate surface being 45 ° or less Is A%, and the vertical cross-sectional area ratio of the other particles is B%,
0.3 ≦ A / (A + B),
Further, the particles are distributed and distributed in the range of 1 to 3% on the outermost surface and 10 to 12% on the lowermost surface in the longitudinal cross-sectional area ratio, and gradually decrease toward the surface side of the hard coating layer. A surface-coated cutting tool.
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