JP2014045769A - Intermittent type hydroponic device - Google Patents

Intermittent type hydroponic device Download PDF

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JP2014045769A
JP2014045769A JP2012206241A JP2012206241A JP2014045769A JP 2014045769 A JP2014045769 A JP 2014045769A JP 2012206241 A JP2012206241 A JP 2012206241A JP 2012206241 A JP2012206241 A JP 2012206241A JP 2014045769 A JP2014045769 A JP 2014045769A
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planter
cultivation
siphon
nutrient solution
level
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克也 ▲高▼▲崎▼
Katsuya Takasaki
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method in which a rhizosphere environment (a crumb structure) that is close to the environment of a soil culture is reproduced in a hydroponic planter through execution of intermittent water supplies and immediate water drainage at a maximum water level by using the principle of siphon.SOLUTION: An intermittent hydroponic device is provided in which nutritious liquid in a nutritious liquid adjustment storage tank 3 is supplied to an uppermost level cultivation planter A through a check valve 5 by the operation of a pump 4 activated by a predetermined timer and a sensor. The air inside the tube of a siphon tube 1 is being discharged in response to the level of the nutritious liquid. The drained nutritious liquid is supplied to and drained from a second highest level cultivation planter B, a third highest level cultivation planter C, and a fourth highest level cultivation planter D. Thus, water supply and drainage is automatically repeated on every level by a siphonic effect.

Description

技術の分野Technology field

本発明は、植物養液栽培装置に関するThe present invention relates to a plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus.

技術の背景Technology background

従来の、植物養液栽培システムにおいて、栽培養液は、栽培プランター内養液の水位(水深)は排水口の高さで決まり、排水口の高さを調整することにより、一定の高さで管理されていた。
栽培プランターに勾配をつけて流れを早くしても、栽培目的の植物に対し、植物の根(毛根、水根)を経由して、栄養素の養分が吸収されており、栽培プランターの養液中に常に根が浸かった状態で栽培されているので、イモ類、根菜類、薬草類の栽培は困難であった。
噴霧式養液栽培技術でも、ごぼう、人参、芋など、植物本来の形状が出来ずに毛根状態になり、栽培植物の形体が出来なかった。
イモ類、根菜類、薬草類の栽培期間中は、従来の養液栽培技術では、排水口の高さを調整しないと植物の根が常に養液の中に浸っている状態であり成長が出来なかった、成長を促す為には、常に根が養液に浸かる状態を回避するか、排水し栽培作物の根圏の酸素供給環境が必要であり、適度な水分も必要である為に、土耕栽培の団粒構造環境を養液栽培プランター内に構築する必要がある。イモ類、根菜類、薬草類の地下系植物養液栽培において、養液の中に、根が浸って,腐り、栽培が困難であった。以上の問題を解決する手段である。
参考文献
Hydroponic Society of Japan(日本養液研究会 養液栽培用用語解説 イラスト版)
In the conventional plant nutrient solution cultivation system, the cultivation nutrient solution is determined at a certain height by adjusting the height of the drain port, and the water level (water depth) of the nutrient solution in the cultivation planter is determined by the height of the drain port. It was managed.
Even if the cultivation planter has a gradient and speeds up the flow, the nutrients are absorbed through the plant roots (hair roots, water roots) to the plant intended for cultivation, and it is in the nutrient solution of the cultivation planter. Therefore, it is difficult to cultivate potatoes, root vegetables and medicinal herbs.
Even with spray-type hydroponics technology, burdock, carrots, cocoons, etc. were not able to form the original shape of the plant and became a hair root state, and the shape of the cultivated plant could not be formed.
During the cultivation period of potatoes, root vegetables and medicinal herbs, with conventional hydroponic cultivation techniques, plant roots are always immersed in the nutrient solution unless the height of the drainage is adjusted. In order to promote growth, it is necessary to avoid the state where the roots are always immersed in the nutrient solution, or to drain the cultivated crops in the rhizosphere oxygen supply environment, and since moderate moisture is also required, the soil It is necessary to build a nodule structure environment for cultivation in a hydroponic planter. In the underground plant nourishing culture of potatoes, root vegetables and medicinal herbs, the roots were soaked in the nourishing solution and rotted and difficult to grow. It is means for solving the above problems.
References Hydroponic Society of Japan (Glossary for Japanese Hydroponic Research)

発明が解決しようとする課題Problems to be solved by the invention

従来の養液栽培プランターでは、いかなる培地等を使用しても土耕栽培のような根圏環境の構築は困難であった。養液栽培で、プランター内に土耕栽培と同じ条件の団粒構造環境が出来れば、イモ類、根菜類、薬草類の栽培が可能となる。従来の栽培プランター内の養液の水位を深く管理栽培する方法「DFT」方式、栽培プランター内の養液の水位を浅く管理栽培する方法「NFT」方式、栽培プランターを設けず、作物の根圏に霧状に養液を噴霧する、養液噴霧栽培方式があるが、いずれの栽培方式もイモ類、根菜類、薬草類の栽培が困難である。土耕栽培に近い団粒構造を養液栽培で再現することが課題となる。In a conventional hydroponic planter, it has been difficult to construct a rhizosphere environment such as soil cultivation even if any medium is used. If the nodule structure environment of the same conditions as soil culture cultivation is made in the hydroponic cultivation, potatoes, root vegetables and medicinal herbs can be cultivated. The conventional “DFT” method for deeply managing the nutrient solution level in the cultivation planter, the “NFT” method for shallowly managing the cultivation solution in the cultivation planter, and the root zone of the crop without the cultivation planter. There is a nourishing solution spray cultivation method in which the nourishing solution is sprayed in a mist form, but any cultivation method is difficult to cultivate potatoes, root vegetables and medicinal herbs. The problem is to reproduce the aggregate structure close to soil cultivation by hydroponics.

課題を解決するための手段Means for solving the problem

養液栽培方法で本発明は、サイフォンの原理を利用し、間欠給水、満水即排水を実施することにより養液栽培プランター内を、土耕栽培に近い根圏の環境(団粒構造)を再現する方法である。
養液栽培方法で、土耕栽培に近い、根圏環境を構築することにより、イモ類、根菜類、薬草類を栽培する事が可能となる。栽培植物に必要なとき、設定された不定期に栽培プランター内に養液が送液され、満水と同時に一機に排水が実施されるので、養液と水分の供給が栽培プランター内に短時間の内に行なわれる。養液貯蔵タンクの養液が、ポンプにより、栽培プランターに送液されて、プランターの養液水位が上がり、サイフォンの最上部までプランター内の養液が到達と同時に、サイフォン菅内の空気が排気され、サイフォン館内が養液で満たされる、この時点で、サイフォンの原理で栽培プランター内の養液がサイフォンの最下部まで、液面差が生じて一機に排水され、プランター内の水位が、サイフォン最下部吸水口の高さまで、水位が下がり、栽培プランター内の養液が排水されて、根の周りの表面水、栽培培地の保水力が無くなるまで、次の養液給水が必要なく、給水延長可能な、間欠式養液管理方法である。
プランター内の、養液の最高水位は、サイフォン菅の最頂部の高さで決まり、プランター内の、養液の最下位は、サイフォン菅の吸水口の高さで決まる、よってサイフォン菅の最頂部の高さ、サイフォン菅の吸水口の高さを変えることにより、栽培プランター、養液の、最高水位、最低水位が設定可能である。脱着式にすることにより各種サイズを用意して、栽培品種、植物の成長に合わせて交換できる。
フレキシブル構造のサイフォン菅により、プランター内の養液の最頂部、最下部を、サイフォンを交換することなく、フレキシブルサイフォン菅の形状を変えることにより、最高水位、最低水位置を任意の高さに変えることが出来る。
保水性のある、栽培培地を使う事により、養液給水間隔の延長が可能である。
栽培プランター内の、給水タイミングは、タイマー、プランター内の湿度計によりにより任意な時間を設定可能である、実施例として、ジャガイモを栽培する場合、発芽時点では、12時間に1回給水、開花時期には、3日に1回給水、収穫期には、1週間に1回給水、栽培品目により、任意な、給水、排水、最高水位の高さ、最低水位が任意の高さに設定が可能となる事により。本発明の効果により、土耕栽培に近い根圏環境が提供され従来栽培不可能であった、イモ類、根菜類、薬草類の栽培環境の提供である。
In the hydroponics method, the present invention uses the siphon principle to reproduce the rhizosphere environment (aggregate structure) close to soil culture in the hydroponics planter by implementing intermittent water supply and full drainage immediately. It is a method to do.
It is possible to cultivate potatoes, root vegetables and medicinal herbs by constructing a rhizosphere environment close to soil cultivation by the hydroponics method. When it is necessary for the cultivated plant, the nutrient solution is sent to the cultivation planter at irregular intervals, and the drainage is carried out at the same time as the water is full. It is done within. The nutrient solution in the nutrient solution storage tank is pumped to the cultivation planter, the nutrient solution level of the planter rises, the nutrient solution in the planter reaches the top of the siphon, and at the same time the air in the siphon trough is exhausted. The siphon building is filled with nutrient solution. At this point, the nutrient solution in the cultivation planter is drained to the bottom of the siphon by the principle of siphon, and the water level in the planter is The water level drops to the height of the bottom water intake, the nutrient solution in the cultivation planter is drained, the surface water around the root, the water retention capacity of the cultivation medium is lost, the next nutrient solution water supply is not necessary, water supply extension This is a possible intermittent nutrient solution management method.
The highest level of nutrient solution in the planter is determined by the height of the top of the siphon bowl, and the bottom of the nutrient solution in the planter is determined by the height of the water inlet of the siphon bowl, so the top of the siphon bowl The maximum water level and the minimum water level of the cultivation planter and nutrient solution can be set by changing the height of the water intake of the siphon bowl. By making it removable, various sizes can be prepared and exchanged according to the growth of cultivars and plants.
By changing the shape of the flexible siphon bowl without changing the siphon at the top and bottom of the nutrient solution in the planter, the highest water level and the lowest water position can be changed to any height with the flexible siphon bowl. I can do it.
By using a culture medium with water retention capacity, it is possible to extend the nutrient solution supply interval.
In the cultivation planter, the water supply timing can be set by a timer and a hygrometer in the planter. As an example, when potatoes are cultivated, at the time of germination, water is supplied once every 12 hours. Water supply once every 3 days, water supply once a week during the harvest period, and optional water supply, drainage, maximum water level, and minimum water level can be set to any height depending on the cultivation item. By becoming. The effect of the present invention is to provide a cultivation environment for potatoes, root vegetables, and medicinal herbs, which has been provided with a rhizosphere environment close to soil cultivation and has been impossible to grow conventionally.

発明の効果Effect of the invention

間欠式養液栽培なので、土耕栽培に近い栽培作物に根圏の環境提供が出来る。
脱着式サイフォンで任意に養液の給水、排水の高さが調整できる。
一つの栽培プランターにおいて、サイフォン菅の本数、内径の変更により排水速度の調整が可能である。
フレキシブル構造のサイフォンにより、任意の形状にすることにより、栽培プランター内の最頂水位位置、栽培プランター内の最低水位位置を任意の高さに、設定することが出来る。
栽培プランター内の養液をサイフォンの原理で給水、排水ができるので、電磁バルブ、水位センサー等、高価で高度なシステムが必要なく、植物工場投資コストが抑えられる。
作物に必要なときに、栽培プランター内に養液が供給され、栽培プランター内の養液がサイフォンの最頂部に到達すると同時に、サイフォンの最下部まで短時間で排水されるので、土耕栽培に近い根圏環境が再現できる。
栽培プランター内に常時養液無いので、NFT方式、DFT栽培方式と比較して、プランター荷重が掛からない事により構造を簡素化できる。
Since it is an intermittent hydroponic culture, it can provide a rhizosphere environment for cultivated crops close to soil cultivation.
The height of the nutrient water supply and drainage can be adjusted arbitrarily with the removable siphon.
In one cultivation planter, the drainage speed can be adjusted by changing the number and the inner diameter of siphon ridges.
By making an arbitrary shape with the siphon having a flexible structure, the highest water level position in the cultivation planter and the lowest water level position in the cultivation planter can be set to arbitrary heights.
Since the nutrient solution in the cultivation planter can be supplied and drained by the principle of siphon, expensive and sophisticated systems such as electromagnetic valves and water level sensors are not required, and the investment cost of plant factories can be reduced.
When it is necessary for the crop, nutrient solution is supplied into the cultivation planter, and the nutrient solution in the cultivation planter reaches the top of the siphon and drains to the bottom of the siphon in a short time. The near rhizosphere environment can be reproduced.
Since there is no regular nutrient solution in the cultivation planter, the structure can be simplified by not applying a planter load as compared with the NFT method and the DFT cultivation method.

図1は、本発明の最良な形態を示した図であり、養液全体の流れが、サイフォン菅の効果による、間欠養液栽培の全体図である、間欠養液栽培で土耕栽培に近い根圏の環境を再現するのに適した形態である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the best mode of the present invention, and the flow of the entire nutrient solution is an overall view of intermittent nutrient solution cultivation due to the effect of siphon trough. It is a form suitable for reproducing the environment of the rhizosphere.

間欠養液栽培プランター全体図Overview of intermittent hydroponic planter 脱着サイフォン菅実施図Desorption siphon kit フレキシブルサイフォン菅実施図Flexible siphon dredge drawing

1、サイフォン菅
2、栽培プランター
3、養液調整貯水タンク
4、養液ポンプ
5、逆支弁
6、栽培パネル
7、栽培作物
8、栽培培地
9、隔壁すのこ
10、フレキシブルサイフォン菅
A、ポンプアップによる水位
B、サイフォン菅吸引による水位
C、サイフォンによる養液の流れ
イ、最上段部栽培プランター
ロ、二段目栽培プランター
ハ、三段目栽培プランター
ニ、四段目栽培プランター
1. Siphon bowl 2, cultivation planter 3, nutrient solution adjustment storage tank 4, nutrient solution pump 5, reverse support valve 6, cultivation panel 7, cultivation crop 8, cultivation medium 9, bulkhead saw 10, flexible siphon bowl A, pump up Water level B, water level C due to siphon culm suction, flow of nutrient solution through siphon, top stage cultivation plantaro, second stage cultivation planta, third stage cultivation plantani, fourth stage cultivation planter

Claims (1)

サイフォン菅を取り付けた養液栽培プランターHydroponic planter with siphon trough
JP2012206241A 2012-08-31 2012-08-31 Intermittent type hydroponic device Pending JP2014045769A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5722488B1 (en) * 2014-05-16 2015-05-20 株式会社Greenway Drainage device and cultivation device
CN105453954A (en) * 2014-09-12 2016-04-06 赵虹光 Broadcasting and cutting dual-use breeding apparatus
CN105580725A (en) * 2016-02-29 2016-05-18 湖州织里华宁园艺工程有限公司 Automatic watering system for large-scale water planting
CN106359065A (en) * 2016-11-04 2017-02-01 东莞辰达电器有限公司 Tide-type planting system
CN108513903A (en) * 2018-06-08 2018-09-11 重庆田益种子有限公司 Three-coloured amaranth culture apparatus
CN113099929A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-07-13 上海绿地环境科技(集团)股份有限公司 System and method for improving steep slope tree growth and water and soil loss

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5722488B1 (en) * 2014-05-16 2015-05-20 株式会社Greenway Drainage device and cultivation device
JP2015216869A (en) * 2014-05-16 2015-12-07 株式会社Greenway Drain system and cultivation apparatus
CN105453954A (en) * 2014-09-12 2016-04-06 赵虹光 Broadcasting and cutting dual-use breeding apparatus
CN105580725A (en) * 2016-02-29 2016-05-18 湖州织里华宁园艺工程有限公司 Automatic watering system for large-scale water planting
CN106359065A (en) * 2016-11-04 2017-02-01 东莞辰达电器有限公司 Tide-type planting system
CN108513903A (en) * 2018-06-08 2018-09-11 重庆田益种子有限公司 Three-coloured amaranth culture apparatus
CN113099929A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-07-13 上海绿地环境科技(集团)股份有限公司 System and method for improving steep slope tree growth and water and soil loss

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