JP2014036947A - Deodorant biodegradation promotion material and deodorant biodegradation promotion method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a deodorant biodegradation promotion material capable of efficiently deodoranting and biodegrating the slurry-shaped or semi-solid object to be treated mainly made of the excreta of an animal only by immersing the same into the object to be treated.SOLUTION: The deodorant biodegradation promotion material comprises: a first functional material made of a composite obtained by contacting granular charcoal and iron; a second material obtained by carrying facultative anaerobe on a porous body adhered with a granular carrier; and a third functional material made only by a far-infrared radiation material radiating far-infrared radiation in a wavelength region of 2 to 24 μm itself or the one including the far-infrared radiation material.

Description

  The present invention relates to a deodorizing biodegradation promoting material and a deodorizing biodegradation promoting method that can efficiently deodorize and biodegrade a processing target simply by immersing it in a processing target consisting mainly of livestock manure. .

Conventionally, manure from livestock in livestock and dairy farming has been useful as a raw material for organic fertilizer (compost) used for plant cultivation.
Usually, manure from livestock does not give off bad odor when biodegradation progresses, and it can be used as high-quality organic fertilizer, so it is eventually disposed of in the form of spraying on pastures and farmland There are many.
In addition, as an example of a simple method for treating manure discharged from livestock, manure discharged from livestock is temporarily stored in a bowl-shaped storage tank (open type) installed in the vicinity of a barn for 2 to 3 days, and then a large amount of wastewater is discharged. It is known that it is transferred to a conditioning tank (open type), stored for a long period of time, dehydrated, biodegraded by microorganisms, and finally dispersed as compost on pastures and farmland. ing.
In this case, if the storage tank for temporarily storing manure from livestock or the drainage adjustment tank for long-term storage is opened, there is a problem that a bad odor is generated when the processing object is stored, which causes inconvenience to neighboring residents.
For such problems, it is considered effective to install deodorization or deodorization equipment in the storage facility, but installation of deodorization or deodorization equipment requires enormous costs. It was difficult for dairy farmers to introduce, and it was required to take some measures immediately without cost.

For the biodegradation of manure from livestock, biodegradation by aerobic respiration is the most efficient. For this reason, there is a fact that a method of storing manure discharged from livestock in an open system is employed while having the problem of generating malodor.
On the other hand, when manure discharged from livestock is managed in a closed system, air supply means and stirring means for sending oxygen (air) to the object to be treated are separately required, which further increases the cost for capital investment. There was a problem.
On the other hand, there is also the idea of promoting the biodegradation of manure from livestock and shortening the period of unpleasant odors itself. In this case, microbial materials and livestock are stored in manure stored in an open storage facility. It may be effective to introduce some material for promoting decomposition.
However, in the latter case, it is necessary to purchase input materials such as microbial materials each time, so that the cost is increased, and labor for inputting the materials is also required. From the viewpoint of cost effectiveness, deodorization is required. Or compared with the case where a deodorizing equipment is provided, it cannot necessarily be said that it becomes advantageous in terms of cost.
In addition, when the material that is put into the processing object mainly composed of manure is not separable from the processing object, in the final stage, considering that the material is sprayed together with compost on the pasture or farmland, It is also necessary to examine in detail the effects of these materials on cultivated crops, pastures and arable land. Therefore, it has been desired that materials other than the active ingredients that are input to the processing object mainly composed of manure can be separated from the processing object after use.
Various techniques are known for the treatment of organic waste, and the following are known as prior arts related to the present invention.

Patent Document 1 discloses an invention relating to a water purification molded article that purifies the water by contacting with water under the name of “water purification molded article and its production method”.
The molded article for water purification disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a composite containing charcoal powder, bacteria that consume harmful substances in water, and an adhesive, and the particles of the charcoal powder pass through the adhesive. They are connected to form a porous body.
According to the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1 having the above configuration, it is possible to provide a water purification molded body that exhibits excellent water purification ability over a long period of time by contact with water.

Patent Document 2 discloses the name “water-treating charcoal-metal composite and charcoal-metal composite molding”, which is an optimal water-treatment charcoal-metal composite for removing harmful substances contained in wastewater and the like. An invention related to this is disclosed.
The charcoal-metal composite for water treatment disclosed in Patent Document 2 contains metal (M) and charcoal (C), and the metal (M) and charcoal (C) are in contact with each other. It is what.
According to the invention disclosed in Patent Document 2 configured as described above, metal ions can be efficiently supplied into water, and a large amount of harmful substances can be used even if the amount used is small due to a chemical reaction between the metal ions and harmful substances. Can be removed.

Patent Document 3 discloses an invention relating to a sludge odor elimination method and a sludge decomposition method for the seabed and the like under the name of “sludge odor elimination odor method and sludge decomposition method using a metal oxide mixed structure”.
The sludge odor elimination method disclosed in Patent Document 3 does not require any heat in the production process, and silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, potassium oxide, titanium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide. , Sodium oxide, manganese oxide, and a so-called geopolymer made by mixing a small amount of barium oxide, chromium oxide, and phosphorus oxide metal oxides into a mesh cylinder, and containing the malodorous product Each metal oxide that is an admixture component of geopolymer is characterized by easily decomposing malodor and sludge generated from waste sludge and livestock manure into biogas and moisture. is there.
According to the invention disclosed in Patent Document 3, the sludge and odor are decomposed and removed to deodorize, the sludge and odor generated from the waste are destroyed, and the decomposition rate of seabed sludge and sewage is dramatically improved. The hardened sludge is decomposed and softened to the extent that it can be treated to prevent sedimentation sludge from sticking, and it is compact, extremely easy to install, inexpensive to install, and compatible with all sewage treatment equipment. This has the effect of significantly reducing costs.

JP 2009-95738 A JP 2011-25160 A JP 2011-62689 A

According to the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above, the organic component is composted while decomposing and deodorizing components that cause malodor by simply immersing the water purification molded article in the object to be treated. It is thought that biodegradation for the purpose can be promoted. That is, it is considered that only the invention disclosed in Patent Document 1 can solve the problems of the present invention.
However, when the microbial material disclosed in Patent Document 1 is used, biodegradation of organic components is performed depending only on the biodegradability of a specific microorganism supplied by the microbial material, It is not based on the technical idea of promoting and effectively utilizing the biodegradability of other ubiquitous microorganisms.
In addition, since microbial materials are usually expensive, it has been desired that the running cost can be reduced by using the microbial material as much as possible when used for a long period of time.

In the case of the invention disclosed in Patent Document 2, by immersing the water treatment charcoal-metal composite in the treatment object containing water, the metal ions are quickly eluted, Reacts to form a complex, so that malodorous components can be eliminated.
That is, according to the invention disclosed in Patent Document 2, although it is considered that the object to be treated can be quickly deodorized, the effect of biodegrading the object to be treated and composting was not exhibited.

As in the case of the invention disclosed in Patent Document 2, the technical content disclosed in Patent Document 3 is intended to deodorize sludge by reacting metal ions with malodorous components to form a complex. Conceivable. However, in the case of the invention disclosed in Patent Document 3, it is difficult to efficiently generate metal ions as in the invention disclosed in Patent Document 2 because the metal oxide is simply mixed and accommodated in the container. Conceivable.
Further, according to the invention disclosed in Patent Document 3, the detailed mechanism is unknown, but there is a possibility that sludge can be decomposed into biogas and moisture.
However, anaerobic microorganisms are used when biogas is generated using the invention disclosed in Patent Document 3 (see the description in paragraph 0020 of Patent Document 3). In the case of the invention disclosed in Document 3, it is not configured to actively supply microorganisms responsible for biodegradation of sludge. Therefore, although it is considered that a sufficiently advantageous effect is exhibited if the target microorganism is accidentally present in the treatment target, otherwise, the effect of the invention disclosed in Patent Document 3 is limited. There was a high possibility of becoming a typical one.
In addition, since the microorganism responsible for biodegradation of sludge in the invention disclosed in Patent Document 3 is an anaerobic microorganism, it is an open system in which the present invention is used (an environment where dissolved oxygen exists in the object to be treated). In particular, it is expected that organic components cannot be efficiently biodegraded in a region where the concentration of dissolved oxygen is relatively high, especially in constant contact with the atmosphere.

  The present invention has been made in response to such a conventional situation, the purpose of which can immediately demonstrate a deodorizing effect immediately after the start of the treatment just immersed in the object to be treated, Organic components and odorous components can be efficiently biodegraded and composted regardless of the amount of dissolved oxygen in the object to be treated, and it also activates obligately aerobic bacteria that are universally present in the object to be treated. As a result, biodegradation of organic components and odor components can be promoted, and at the same time, iron, which is a preferable fertilizer for plant growth, can be firmly supplied into the object to be treated. An object of the present invention is to provide a deodorizing biodegradation promoting material and a deodorizing biodegradation promoting method that do not leave unnecessary impurities in the inside.

In order to achieve the above object, the deodorizing biodegradation accelerator according to the first aspect of the present invention comprises a first functional material composed of a composite formed by contacting granular charcoal and iron and a granular carrier. Or a far-infrared emitting material that emits far-infrared rays in the wavelength range of 4 to 24 μm, or the far-infrared emitting material. And a third functional material comprising:
In the invention having the above-described configuration, the first functional material efficiently utilizes divalent iron ions (F ²⁺ ) in the object to be processed by utilizing a difference in ionization tendency between charcoal and iron (difference in standard electrode potential). Has the effect of supplying. In addition, “iron” in the invention described in claim 1 is a concept including iron oxide. In addition, charcoal (carbon: C) does not ionize in the first place, but when the ionization tendency is regarded as an index of ease of ionization, it can be said that iron has a larger ionization tendency than charcoal.
And the bivalent iron ion supplied in the to-be-processed object reacts with ammonia and trimethylamine which are odor components, produces | generates an iron amine complex, and has the effect | action of deodorizing an odor component. The divalent iron ions react with methyl mercaptan, which is an odor component, and hydrogen sulfide to produce iron sulfide and an odorless gas, thereby deodorizing the odor component. In addition, the divalent iron ion has an action of reacting with a lower fatty acid which is an odor component to produce a lower fatty acid salt and deodorizing the odor component.
In addition, the second functional material has an effect of supplying facultative anaerobic bacteria into the processing object. And facultative anaerobic bacteria, when dissolved oxygen is present in the object to be processed, aerobic respiration is performed using this oxygen to biodegrade organic components and odorous components, so that they are not brominated and composted. Has the effect of On the other hand, when the object to be treated becomes anaerobic with little or no dissolved oxygen, facultative anaerobes perform anaerobic respiration without oxygen to biodegrade organic components and odorous components, thereby eliminating bromide and compost. It has the effect of becoming.
On the other hand, the divalent iron ions supplied from the first functional material are facultative anaerobic bacteria supplied from the second functional material, and obligately aerobic bacteria universally present in the object to be treated. And facultative anaerobic bacteria (obligatory aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria universally present in the treatment object are collectively referred to as “other microorganisms”) as nutrients. It plays an important role in the energy synthesis pathway during breathing and has the effect of promoting its growth.
Therefore, in the invention described in claim 1, the divalent iron ions supplied from the first functional material function as a quick-acting deodorant in the object to be treated, while the divalent iron ions pass through. It has the effect of contributing to the growth of anaerobic bacteria and obligate aerobic bacteria (other microorganisms).
In addition, facultative anaerobic bacteria supplied from the second functional material and obligate aerobic bacteria (other microorganisms) present in the object to be processed are divalent supplied from the first functional material. Incorporation of iron ions as nutrients promotes its growth and, along with its growth, biodegradation (consumption) of organic components and odorous components in the processing target, composting and non-bromating Have. In particular, facultative anaerobic bacteria have an action of biodegrading organic components and odor components even if the object to be treated is anaerobic or anaerobic.
The facultative anaerobe described in the present specification performs aerobic breathing in an environment where oxygen is present to acquire energy, while in an environment where oxygen is not present, performs anaerobic breathing to obtain energy. It is a general term for microorganisms to be acquired and is also called facultative aerobic bacteria. In addition, obligate aerobic bacteria is a general term for microorganisms that require oxygen for aerobic cell respiration.
Moreover, the 3rd functional material in invention of Claim 1 has the effect | action which radiates | emits far infrared rays of a wavelength range of 4-24 micrometers.
And 4-24 micrometers wavelength range far infrared rays radiated | emitted from a 3rd functional material have the effect | action of raising the specific gravity of a water molecule by cut | disconnecting and shortening a long water cluster. When water having increased specific gravity adheres to the surface of the cell, the water easily penetrates into the cell by osmotic pressure. At this time, calcium ions (Ca ²⁺ ) flow into the cell from outside the cell together with water, and the Ca ²⁺ concentration in the cell, particularly in the cell membrane, increases. This increase in Ca ²⁺ concentration has the effect of activating and activating cells of animals and plants including humans together with membrane enzymes such as phospholipase A ₂ and C.
That is, far-infrared rays in the wavelength range of 4 to 24 μm activate facultative anaerobic bacteria supplied from the second functional material and obligately aerobic bacteria that are universally present in the processing target, It promotes biodegradation of components and odor components and has the effect of efficiently composting and deodorizing the object to be treated.
In addition, the water clusters cut and shortened by the far-infrared radiation also have a function of directly deodorizing the odor component itself by covering the surface of the molecule which is the odor component.

The deodorant biodegradation promoting material according to claim 2 is the deodorant biodegradation promoting material according to claim 1, wherein the far-infrared emitting material is 80% of an ideal black body in a wavelength region of 8 to 10 μm. % Or more ceramics or ore showing an emissivity of at least%.
In general, it is known that far-infrared rays in the wavelength region of 8 to 10 μm particularly contribute greatly to cell activation. Therefore, in the invention according to claim 2, by using ceramics or ore showing an emissivity of 80% or more of an ideal black body in a wavelength region of 8 to 10 μm as a far infrared radiation material, It has an effect of making the activation action of microorganisms (facultative anaerobes supplied from the second functional material and obligately aerobic bacteria universally present in the object to be treated) remarkable.
That is, the invention according to claim 2 has an effect of making the action of the invention according to claim 1 more remarkable.

The method for promoting deodorization biodegradation as claimed in claim 3 is to supply far-infrared rays in the wavelength range of 4 to 24 μm to the treatment object while supplying iron ions and facultative anaerobic bacteria into the treatment object. It is characterized by irradiating.
The invention described in claim 3 having the above-described configuration is obtained by capturing the invention described in claim 1 as a method invention, and its action is the same as that of the invention described in claim 1.

According to invention of Claim 1 of the said structure, a divalent iron ion and facultative anaerobic bacteria are combined in a processing target object by immersing a deodorizing biodegradation promoter in a processing target object. Can be supplied efficiently. And by supplying these, the high deodorizing effect and the composting promotion effect can be exhibited immediately after the processing start of the processing object.
Furthermore, in the invention described in claim 1, since the third functional material is provided, the deodorizing effect and the biodegradation promoting effect of the liquid, slurry, or semi-solid treatment target having a high water content is particularly enhanced. be able to.
Further, the third functional material can be used repeatedly while maintaining its effect only by performing simple maintenance from time to time such as cleaning the surface. For this reason, it has the effect that the running cost at the time of performing the deodorizing biodegradation process of a process target object using invention of Claim 1 can be made cheap.
Furthermore, in the deodorizing biodegradation promoting material according to claim 1, the carrier (first and second functional materials) and far infrared rays used when supplying divalent iron ions and facultative anaerobic bacteria are emitted. The third functional material to be used may be all solid, and these may be stored so as to be separable from the object to be processed. In this case, it is easy to separate and remove the used first to third functional materials from the processing object. For this reason, when the final product which consists of a process target object is spread | dispersed as a compost | spread on a pasture or a cultivated land, it can prevent that the 1st-3rd functional material is mixed with a compost and is spread | dispersed on a pasture or a cultivated land. In this case, since the first to third functional materials can be reliably removed from the processing object, the compost generated from the processing object can be made high-quality without impurities.
In addition, iron (divalent iron ions) supplied to the object to be treated functions as a useful fertilizer component when cultivating grass and crops, and mainly contributes to the generation of chlorophyll in the plant body. . Thereby, by supplying compost containing divalent iron ions, it is possible to efficiently promote the growth of plants and contribute to fixation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Therefore, the supply of divalent iron ions into the object to be treated can contribute to the production of high-quality compost. That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a component (divalent iron ion) effective for deodorizing and promoting biodegradation of a processing object can be used as an effective component of compost, which is the final product of the processing object. It has the advantage that it can be used.
In addition, in the invention according to claim 1, by supplying divalent iron ions together with the facultative anaerobic bacteria to the treatment object, only the facultative anaerobic bacteria supplied by the second functional material are used. In addition, the growth of obligate anaerobic bacteria that are universally present in the object to be treated can be promoted. Thereby, the organic component and odor component in the object to be treated can be biodegraded very efficiently. Thereby, it has the effect that the usage-amount of the 2nd functional material which is microbial material required in order to exhibit the deodorizing and biodegradation promotion effect of the target process target object can be reduced.
In addition, by using a facultative anaerobic microorganism as the microorganism to be supplied to the treatment target, it is possible to efficiently biodegrade organic components and odor components regardless of the amount of dissolved oxygen in the treatment target. .
Therefore, according to invention of Claim 1, it contributes to acceleration | stimulation of the biodegradation of a process target object, supplying an active ingredient (a bivalent iron ion and facultative anaerobe) efficiently in a process target object. By irradiating far-infrared rays, it is possible to provide a deodorant biodegradation accelerator capable of combining these effects to exhibit better deodorizing ability and composting ability.
In addition, according to the invention described in claim 1, since a high deodorizing effect and an effect of promoting biodegradation of organic components are exhibited immediately after the start of processing of the object to be processed, the promotion of deodorizing biodegradation according to claim 1 Even if the processing tank into which the material is introduced is left open to the atmosphere, the processing object can be processed without causing bad odor damage.
Thereby, since it is not necessary to separately provide a deodorizing or deodorizing facility in the treatment tank into which the deodorizing biodegradation promoting material described in claim 1 is introduced, the facility can be simplified and the construction cost can be reduced.
Furthermore, in the invention according to claim 1, since it is possible to promote composting while efficiently deodorizing the treatment target object by simply immersing the deodorant biodegradation promoting material, the treatment object is stirred or ventilated. There is no need to do. For this reason, the running cost of the equipment using the invention according to claim 1 can be reduced.
In addition, although the first and second functional materials are consumables, they can be used in units of several years. From this point, the running cost of the equipment using the invention according to claim 1 can be reduced.
Furthermore, the compost which is the final product of the processing target processed using the deodorant biodegradation promoting material according to claim 1 is sufficiently fertilized and is useful for plant growth. It is good in that it contains abundant iron, and it is kind to people in that it produces very little odor and is extremely excellent in quality.

  According to invention of Claim 2, the effect of invention of Claim 1 can be exhibited more reliably.

  The invention described in claim 3 captures the invention described in claim 1 as a method invention, and the effect thereof is the same as that of the invention described in claim 1.

It is a flowchart for demonstrating the effect | action and effect of a deodorant biodegradation promoter which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

  A deodorant biodegradation promoting material and a deodorant biodegradation promoting method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

The deodorization biodegradation promoting material according to the embodiment of the present invention is a treatment object mainly composed of liquid, slurry, or semisolid organic waste that emits strong odor (bad odor) such as manure from livestock. On the other hand, divalent iron ions (Fe ²⁺ ) used to promote biodegradation by microorganisms and to promote composting and odor-free bromination while exhibiting an immediate deodorizing effect It is a composite material consisting of three types of combinations of materials that supply microbial materials, microbial materials, and materials that radiate far infrared rays. More specifically, the deodorant biodegradation promoter according to the embodiment of the present invention efficiently divalent iron ions (Fe) in the solution constituting the treatment object when immersed in the treatment object. ²⁺ ), a second functional material that efficiently supplies facultative anaerobic bacteria into a solution that constitutes the treatment object when immersed in the treatment object, It consists of the far infrared radiation material itself which radiates | emits the far infrared rays of a wavelength range of 24 micrometers, or is comprised by the 3rd functional material containing this far infrared radiation material.

The first functional material according to the present embodiment is a mixture of granular charcoal and granular iron (this iron is a concept including iron oxide), for example, an adhesive such as cement (this The adhesive is a general term for materials for adhering the granular materials to each other, and may be made of a synthetic resin, for example, and molded into a solid form.
In such a first functional material, metal iron is brought into direct contact with charcoal (carbon (C)) that conducts electricity without being ionized, so that the electrons possessed by the iron become carbon (carbon). (C)) is transferred to the electrolyte present in the solution constituting the object to be processed, whereby iron becomes a more electrically stable divalent iron ion (Fe ²⁺ ) to constitute the object to be processed. Elute in solution.
According to such a 1st functional material which concerns on this Embodiment, a bivalent iron ion (Fe2 ⁺ ) can be efficiently supplied in the solution which comprises a process target object.
In addition, a 1st functional material is good also as a porous body formed by solidifying a granular material (charcoal and iron). In this case, there is an advantage that the form can be made compact while increasing the contact surface of the first functional material. Further, in this case, when the first functional material is used in combination with a second functional material described later, there is an advantage that the first functional material can be used as a carrier that is a place where microorganisms live.

Moreover, the 2nd functional material which comprises the deodorant biodegradation acceleration | stimulation material which concerns on this Embodiment is an adhesive material for a granular support | carrier (this adhesive material is also a general term for the material which adhere | attaches granular materials mutually, for example). For example, it is a microbial material obtained by adhering facultative anaerobic bacteria to a solid porous body.
Note that the facultative anaerobic bacteria supported on the carrier biodegrade organic components by aerobic respiration under aerobic conditions, while organic components are produced by aerobic respiration under anaerobic conditions. Any microorganism can be used as long as it can be decomposed. For example, by using the SIID2926-1b strain (FERM AP-20108) of the genus Empedobactor having a high ability to decompose organic waste, etc. It is possible to biodegrade the processing object efficiently. The facultative anaerobe is preferably added to the carrier after having become dormant due to drying or the like.
In addition, as a method for supporting a facultative anaerobic bacterium on a carrier, a method in which a facultative anaerobic bacterium is added to a granular carrier is adhered to an adhesive and molded into a solid form, or a granular carrier is adhered to an adhesive. Although there is a method of adding facultative anaerobic bacteria to the product formed into a solid form by adhering by any method, any method may be used.
In addition, as the material of the carrier constituting the second functional material, any porous material that does not easily corrode even if it is continuously immersed in the object to be treated can be used. Yes, for example, a porous material selected from charcoal, bamboo charcoal, zeolite, vermiculite, pearlite, ceramic, pumice and the like may be used alone or in combination.

When the first and second functional materials as described above are immersed in the processing object, the following actions and effects are exhibited.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart for explaining the action and effect of the deodorant biodegradation promoter according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Typical examples of odor components that are contained in the processing object, which is organic waste from livestock, and cause malodors are ammonia (chemical formula: NH ₃ ), trimethylamine (chemical formula: (CH ₃ )). ₃ N), methyl mercaptan (chemical formula: CH ₃ SH), hydrogen sulfide (chemical formula: H ₂ S), methyl sulfide (chemical formula: (CH ₃ ) ₂ S), methyl disulfide (chemical formula: CH ₃ SSCH ₃ ), low Fatty acids (chemical formula: R—COOH, where R— means an alkyl group comprising a relatively short carbon chain). In addition, lower fatty acids that are contained in manure from animals and cause malodors include propionic acid (chemical formula: CH ₃ CH ₂ COOH), normal butyric acid (chemical formula: CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₂ COOH), and normal valeric acid. (Chemical formula: CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) ₃ COOH), isovaleric acid (chemical formula: CH ₃ CH ₂ ) COOH), and the like.
As described above, when the deodorant biodegradation promoting material according to the present embodiment is immersed in the object to be treated, divalent iron ions (Fe ²⁺ ) are eluted from the first functional material, and this divalent These iron ions react with the above-mentioned odorous components to produce iron amine complexes, iron sulfide, odorless gases, and lower fatty acid salts, respectively, thereby making the odorous components odorless (see FIG. 1).
More specifically, as shown in the chemical reaction formulas (1) and (2) shown below, one divalent iron ion (Fe ²⁺ ) reacts with six molecules of ammonia or trimethylamine to generate one molecule. The iron amine complex of
Further, as shown in chemical reaction formulas (3) to (5) below, one divalent iron ion (Fe ²⁺ ) reacts with one molecule of methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, or methyl sulfide, It generates molecular iron sulfide and odorless gas, and does not bromide.
Furthermore, as shown in the chemical reaction formula (6) shown below, two divalent iron ions (Fe ²⁺ ) react with one molecule of methyl disulfide to react with two molecules of iron sulfide and two molecules of methane. To produce no bromide.
Then, as shown in the chemical reaction formula (7) shown below, one divalent iron ion (Fe ²⁺ ) and two carboxyl groups of the lower fatty acid are combined to form a lower fatty acid salt, which is not brominated.

<Chemical reaction formula>
Fe ²⁺ + 6NH ₃ → [Fe (NH ₃ ) ₆ ] ²⁺ (1)
Fe ²⁺ +6 (CH ₃ ) ₃ N → [Fe [N (CH ₃ ) ₃ ] ₆ ] ²⁺ (2)
・ Fe ²⁺ + CH ₃ SH → FeS + CH ₄ ↑ (3)
・ Fe ²⁺ + H ₂ S → FeS + 2H ⁺ (or H ₂ ↑)
... (4)
・ Fe ²⁺ + (CH ₃ ) ₂ S → FeS + 2CH ₄ ↑ (5)
・ 2Fe ²⁺ + CH ₃ SSCH ₃ → 2FeS + 2CH ₄ ↑
(6)
^{· Fe 2+ + 2R-COOH →} (R-COO) 2 Fe + 2H + ( _{or, H 2 ↑) ... (7} )

Therefore, most of the odor components that cause malodor can be made non-brominated by reaction or bonding with divalent iron ions (Fe ²⁺ ). Therefore, divalent iron ions are supplied by immersing the first functional material in the treatment object, and the divalent iron ions exhibit an immediate deodorizing effect in the treatment object ( (See FIG. 1).
In addition, iron is known to be one of the elements that play an important role in producing energy by aerobic respiration in a living body.
More specifically, ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is a biological energy substance, is produced in mitochondria in the cell. At this time, cytochrome or the like, which is an enzyme containing iron, performs an oxidation-reduction reaction called an electron transfer system that continuously moves electrons, such as depriving or delivering electrons from sugars and lipids. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is produced from diphosphate) and phosphate.
Therefore, the iron content (divalent iron ions) supplied from the first functional material into the processing object is the facultative anaerobic bacteria supplied by the second functional material during the processing target, and the processing target. Are consumed as nutrients by the obligately aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobes (other microorganisms) that are ubiquitously present and perform aerobic respiration (refer to Fig. 1). ).
That is, preferably the growth of microorganisms in the object to be treated means that organic components and odor components constituting the object to be treated are biodegraded and consumed. Therefore, by supplying divalent iron ions by the first functional material, biodegradation by aerobic respiration is particularly promoted in the object to be treated, and composting and non-bromination can be preferably promoted ( (See FIG. 1).
Furthermore, iron (divalent iron ions) has effects such as producing chlorophyll and preventing leaf whitening during the growth of plants, so it can be used as a fertilizer component that activates the growth of plants. It is effective (see FIG. 1).
Therefore, in the deodorization biodegradation promoting material according to the present embodiment, by supplying divalent iron ions by the first functional material, the object to be treated becomes compost which is the final form, and the pasture and When sprayed on agricultural land, it also has the effect of activating plants and promoting the fixation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

On the other hand, facultative anaerobic bacteria supplied from the second functional material constituting the deodorant biodegradation promoting material according to the present embodiment into the object to be treated are preferable in an aerobic environment where dissolved oxygen exists. While the organic component is biodegraded by performing air breathing, the organic component can be biodegraded by performing anaerobic respiration even in an anaerobic environment with little or no dissolved oxygen. However, when anaerobic breathing is performed, the biodegradation efficiency of the organic component is lower than when aerobic breathing is performed.
As a result, the biodegradation of the organic component can surely proceed even in a region where the object to be treated is not in contact with the atmosphere and the amount of dissolved oxygen is low or absent.
This means that, in using the deodorant biodegradation promoting material according to the present embodiment, it is not always necessary to actively agitate or aerate the treatment object immersed in the deodorant biodegradation promoting material. It means that.
Of course, the treatment object immersed in the deodorant biodegradation accelerator may be actively stirred or aerated. In this case, biodegradation of organic components by aerobic respiration is promoted in the treatment object. In addition, composting and deodorization of the object to be treated can be advanced more efficiently.

Even when the deodorizing biodegradation promoting material is constituted only by the first functional material and the second functional material as described above, sufficient composting and deodorizing effect of the processing object is exhibited. Since the deodorization biodegradation processing capacity of the processing object is proportional to the amount of divalent iron ions (Fe ²⁺ ) and facultative anaerobic bacteriostatic added to the processing object, the increase in the processing object 1 means an increase in the usage amount of the second functional material, and this means an increase in running cost.
In view of such circumstances, the inventors use the third functional material that radiates far infrared rays in addition to the first and second functional materials as described above, so that the first and second functional materials are used together. It has been found that the function and effect of the functional material can be further promoted.
That is, by adding and using the third functional material in addition to the first and second functional materials as described above, the first and second functional materials necessary for exhibiting the equivalent function are obtained. They found that it could be greatly reduced.
As a result, it has become possible to significantly reduce the running cost when deodorizing and biodegrading a processing object using the first and second functional materials as described above.

  The third functional material is a far-infrared radiation material that radiates far-infrared radiation in the wavelength range of 4 to 24 μm, or includes the far-infrared radiation material. Note that the far-infrared radiation material used in the present embodiment exhibits an emissivity of 80% or more of an ideal black body in an area of at least 90% in a wavelength range of 4 to 24 μm. More preferably, the far-infrared radiator is desirably ceramics or ore (falling stone) exhibiting an emissivity of 80% or more of an ideal black body, particularly in a wavelength region of 8 to 10 μm. Alternatively, new ceramics including those obtained by pulverizing ceramics or ores as described above, and kneaded bodies of these pulverized products and cement or the like also have equivalent functions.

It is known that electromagnetic waves (far infrared rays) in the wavelength range of 4 to 24 μm emitted from the third functional material as described above activate and activate animal and plant cells including the human body, in particular, 8 to 10 μm. It is known that electromagnetic waves (far-infrared rays) in the wavelength range are easily absorbed by organic substances and have a favorable effect on biological activities.
And as a 3rd functional material as mentioned above, granite, ceramics, tourmaline stone, and natural stone are known, and these are all natural rock and ore, or are manufactured artificially. Ceramics. In addition, about the measurement result of the emissivity of far-infrared rays emitted from these far-infrared emitters, the non-patent literature “human leukocyte function, lipid peroxide level, mouse transplantation cancer, rat drug hepatitis of far-infrared emitters And Effects on Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients, ”Tamba, K. et al., Inflammation, vol. 16, No. 6, p425-436 (November 1996).

The operation and effect when the third functional material as described above is immersed in the object to be treated together with the first functional material and the second functional material will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the far infrared ray emitted from the third functional material according to the present embodiment has an action of activating the living body as described above, and therefore, this action causes the second functional material to be processed. The biological activity of facultative anaerobes supplied in the object and other microorganisms (mainly facultative anaerobes and obligate aerobic bacteria) ubiquitously present in the treated object are directly active. It becomes. As a result, biodegradation of organic components and odor components in the processing object can be promoted.
In addition, the far infrared rays emitted from the third functional material cut long water clusters to increase the specific gravity of water, thereby increasing the osmotic pressure of water and increasing the infiltration of water into the microbial cell membrane. . At this time, calcium ions (Ca ²⁺ ) flow into the cell from outside the cell together with water, and the Ca ²⁺ concentration in the cell, particularly in the cell membrane, increases. This increase in Ca ²⁺ concentration has the effect of activating and activating cells together with membrane enzymes such as phospholipase A ₂ and C.
Therefore, far-infrared rays can also indirectly activate and activate microbial cells, apart from the direct mechanism described above. And also from this point, the biodegradation of the organic component and the odor component in the processing object can be promoted.
Furthermore, short water clusters finely cut by far-infrared rays also have an effect of odorless inclusion and deodorization.
Therefore, according to the deodorant biodegradation promoting material according to the present embodiment, in addition to the first functional material and the second functional material, the third functional material is also immersed in the processing object. In addition, composting and deodorization of the object to be treated can be advanced more efficiently.

In addition, the deodorant biodegradation promoting material according to the present embodiment may be formed by, for example, forming the first functional material and the second functional material, which are constituent elements, into a solid form. In this case, after supplying divalent iron ions and facultative anaerobic bacteria effective for composting and deodorization into the treatment object, the solid first functional material and the first functional material are supplied from the treatment object. The two functional materials can be removed completely (including a substantially complete concept). As a result, charcoal or a porous material as a carrier is not mixed in the compost as a final product obtained by biodegrading the object to be treated, so that it is possible to obtain a high-quality compost with few impurities. Also have.
In particular, when both the first functional material and the second functional material carrier according to the present embodiment are made of charcoal, even if they are mixed in the processing object, a part of the compost Can be effectively operated without any trouble.
The form of the third functional material as described above is also advantageous in that it can be easily separated from the object to be processed, as in the case of the other first and second functional materials, by being solid. There is.
Further, the first to third functional materials are powdered or granular, and are selected individually from the first to third functional materials in a storage container (for example, a bag or the like) through which these particles do not pass. At least two types may be accommodated and used by immersing in a processing object. Also in this case, the first to third functional materials can be easily separated from the object to be processed, and can be used repeatedly as long as the effect is maintained.

Furthermore, about the form of the deodorizing biodegradation promoting material according to the present embodiment, the third functional material may be provided separately from the first functional material and the second functional material, or the third function. For example, the material may be finely granulated and supplied by mixing in either the first functional material or the second functional material, or both.
Note that both the first functional material and the second functional material in the deodorant biodegradation promoting material according to the present embodiment are consumables that can be used for a long period of time. On the other hand, the third functional material in the deodorant biodegradation promoting material is preferably durable, although it is preferable to periodically perform maintenance such as cleaning its surface. It is desirable to provide the third functional material separately from the first functional material and the second functional material.
In addition, the processing object in this embodiment does not consist only of manure from livestock, water used when cleaning livestock, dry plants such as litter used in livestock, and It is a concept of organic waste that includes feed and the like that are eaten by livestock.

A method for promoting deodorization biodegradation according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The deodorization biodegradation promotion method according to the present embodiment supplies, for example, divalent iron ions and facultative anaerobic bacteria in a liquid, slurry, or semi-solid treatment object. However, this processing object is irradiated with far infrared rays having a wavelength range of 4 to 24 μm.
In addition, supply of the bivalent iron ion and facultative anaerobic bacteria in the processing target may use the first and second functional materials as described above, for example, or other methods (for example, It may be a direct addition of an iron ion supply material and facultative anaerobe. Furthermore, irradiation of the far-infrared ray to the processing object may be performed by immersing the third functional material as described above in the processing object, or other methods (for example, storing the processing object) Or embedding a far-infrared radiation material in the wall surface of the treatment tank.
According to the method for promoting deodorization biodegradation according to the present embodiment, the object to be processed, which is an organic waste mainly composed of manure from livestock, is deodorized firmly from a point in time immediately after the start of treatment. It can be biodegraded and composted efficiently.
In addition, about the effect | action of the bivalent iron ion and facultative anaerobic microbe supplied in a process target object, and the effect of far-infrared rays, since it is the same as what was described in previous FIG. 1, it is here. The detailed description of is omitted.

The following tests were conducted for the purpose of confirming the effect of the deodorant biodegradation accelerator according to the present invention.
(1) About the test material In this test, as a first functional material of the deodorant biodegradation accelerator according to the present invention, "biological regeneration block" (charcoal-iron) manufactured by Aoyama Ecosystem Co., Ltd. The product name “Bio Charcoal Block” manufactured by Aoyama Ecosystem Co., Ltd. as a second functional material (added facultative anaerobic bacterium: Empedobactor genus SIID2926-1b strain (FERM AP-20108)), As the third functional material, Tenshiki (produced near Ume, Saiki City, Oita Prefecture) sold by Only Corporation was used. Hereinafter, the biological regeneration block is referred to as a commercial product A, the biochar block is referred to as a commercial product B, and the falling stone is referred to as a commercial product C.
Moreover, the said commercial item A is a cylindrical block body of diameter 50mm and height 30mm, and the weight per piece is about 100g. The commercial product B is a cylindrical block body having a diameter of 50 mm and a height of 30 mm, and the weight per piece is about 25 g. Commercially available products A and B were used by crushing blocks. Moreover, the commercial item C used two types, a powdery thing and a granular thing.

(2) About the test method Each test material used for each sample was weighed and transferred to a glass bottle, and each glass bottle was filled with 100 mL of a pig manure sample. Thereafter, the upper opening of each glass bottle was covered with aluminum foil, and a fine hole for degassing was formed in the center, and the glass bottle was left under normal temperature conditions for 2 weeks. Thereafter, the odor state of each sample was determined by a sensory test, and the results are shown in Table 1. Moreover, the sample which consists only of a pig manure sample which does not add a test material at all was prepared as a comparison control (sample No. 1, 2). Odor was determined by agreement of three testers.

(3) Test results As shown in Table 1 below, in sample Nos. 10, 12, 14, and 15, the odor at the time when two weeks had passed since the start of the test was a small amount of manure odor, and high deodorization / extinction The odor effect was confirmed. In this test, the blank odor was defined as 100%, and the odor level of other samples was defined as a relative numerical value by the agreement of the three testers. When the measurement was also performed, the remaining rates of sample Nos. 10, 12, 14, and 15 were 60% or less.
In addition, as shown in Table 1 below, a sufficient effect can be expected only by using the commercial product B. However, since the commercial product B is particularly expensive compared to other test materials, it is a commercial product in practical use. It is preferable that the amount of B used is small.
On the other hand, referring to the results of Sample No. 14 shown in Table 1 below, a sufficient effect was observed even when the amount of addition of the commercial product B was 0.6 g when used in combination with other test materials. Therefore, it can be said that it is desirable to use the first to third functional materials in combination in order to economically perform the deodorizing treatment.

  As described above, the present invention can efficiently deodorize and biodegrade a processing object simply by immersing it in a liquid, slurry, or semi-solid processing object mainly made of livestock manure. It is a deodorant biodegradation promoting material and a deodorant biodegradation promoting method, and can be used in the fields related to livestock industry and organic waste processing.

Claims (3)

A first functional material comprising a composite formed by contacting granular charcoal and iron;
A second functional material in which a facultative anaerobic bacterium is supported on a porous body formed by adhering a granular carrier;
Deodorant biodegradation promoting material comprising a far-infrared radiation material that radiates far-infrared radiation in a wavelength range of 4 to 24 μm or a third functional material comprising the far-infrared radiation material .   2. The deodorant biodegradation promoter according to claim 1, wherein the far-infrared radiation material is ceramic or ore that exhibits an emissivity of 80% or more of an ideal black body in a wavelength range of 8 to 10 μm.   A method for promoting deodorization biodegradation, which comprises irradiating far infrared rays in a wavelength range of 4 to 24 μm while supplying iron ions and facultative anaerobic bacteria into a treatment object.

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