JP2013531012A - 幹細胞の移動を増強するための方法および組成物 - Google Patents
幹細胞の移動を増強するための方法および組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、幹細胞の移動(mobilization)を増強するための方法および組成物に関する。
本明細書中のすべての刊行物は、各個々の刊行物もしくは特許出願が、具体的にかつ個々に、参考として援用されると示されるのと同程度まで参考として援用される。以下の記載は、本発明を理解するにあたって有用であり得る情報を含む。それは、本明細書で提供される情報のいずれかが本願発明の先行技術であるということも、本願発明に関連したものであるということも承認するものではなく、また具体的にもしくは暗に言及されるいずれかの刊行物が先行技術であるということも承認するものではない。
以下の実施形態およびその局面は、組成物および方法に関連して説明および示され、これらは、例示および図示であって、範囲の限定ではないことが意味される。一実施形態において、本発明は、被験体における幹細胞移動を増大させるための方法を包含し、上記方法は、幹細胞移動を増大させ得る移動因子を提供する工程、および上記被験体における幹細胞移動を増大させるために十分な量の、上記ある量の移動因子を上記被験体に投与する工程を包含する。別の実施形態において、上記移動因子は、Lycium barbarumもしくはその抽出物、初乳もしくはその抽出物、スピルリナもしくはその抽出物、フコイダン、Hericium erinaceusもしくはその抽出物、Ganoderma Lucidumもしくはその抽出物、および/またはCordyceps Sinensisもしくはその抽出物からなる群より選択される成分のうちの1種以上を含む組成物である。別の実施形態において、上記移動因子は、フコイダンである。別の実施形態において、上記フコイダンは、Undaria pinnatifidaから抽出される。別の実施形態において、上記フコイダンの量は、250mgである。別の実施形態において、上記幹細胞は、骨髄由来幹細胞(BMSC)である。別の実施形態において、上記幹細胞は、造血幹細胞(HSC)である。別の実施形態において、上記量を投与する工程は、経口投与を含む。別の実施形態において、上記経口投与は、カプセル剤もしくは丸剤の使用を含む。
本明細書で引用されるすべての参考文献は、詳細に示されるかのように、それらの全体において参考として援用される。別段定義されなければ、本明細書で使用される技術用語および科学用語は、本発明が属する分野の当業者によって一般に理解されるのと同じ意味を有する。Singleton et al., Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology 3rd ed., J. Wiley & Sons (New York, NY 2001); March, Advanced Organic Chemistry Reactions, Mechanisms and Structure 5th ed., J. Wiley & Sons (New York, NY 2001); および Sambrook and Russell, Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual 3rd ed., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press (Cold Spring Harbor, NY 2001), Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences, by E. W. Martin, Mack Publishing Co., Easton, Pa., 15th Edition (1975)は、本明細書で記載される本発明の組成物の薬学的送達に適した組成物および処方物を記載し、当業者に本願において使用される用語のうちの多くに一般的なガイドを提供する。
Lycium Barbarumに由来するポリサッカリドを、Luo et al. (2004)の方法によって調製した。その乾燥させた果実サンプル(100g)を、微細な粉末になるまで挽いて、1.5lの沸騰水中に入れ、中国薬用草本(chinese medicinal herb)のための伝統的な方法によって2時間にわたって煎じた。煎じたものを室温へと冷却し、濾過し、次いで、凍結乾燥して、粗製ポリサッカリドを得た。
Lycium Barbarum、もしくはその化合物の消費は、CD34+幹細胞の動員および遊走を増強する(循環系に入る幹細胞の模式図については、図2を参照のこと)。
実施例2のように、および図3Bを参照すると、初乳の投与は、幹細胞の遊走を生じる。
実施例2のように、および図4を参照すると、キノコ(Cordyceps sinensis、Ganoderma lucidum、Hericium erinaceus)のポリサッカリド豊富画分の投与は、幹細胞の遊走を生じる。
実施例2のように、藻類である海藻(例えば、Chordaria cladosiphon)に由来するフコイダンの投与は、間接的ではあるが、最終的には、幹細胞の遊走を補助し得る特定の有益な結果を促進する。例えば、Chordaria cladosiphonに由来するフコイダンの消費は、循環するCD34+HSCの数の低下を生じた(図9)。このことは、幹細胞の遊走を支援することにおける有効な役割を示唆する。実施例2のように、スピルリナの投与は、幹細胞の遊走を生じ(図4B)、スピルリナと、Lycium Barbarum、初乳およびキノコの投与はまた、幹細胞の遊走を生じる(図7)。
表1に列挙される以下の成分を含む組成物は、哺乳動物被験体に提供される。これら組成物の投与は、幹細胞遊走を生じる。
マウスモデルを選択して、LB、初乳およびキノコの混合物が、組織への幹細胞の遊走をどのように刺激し得るか、従って、身体の遠隔組織に集まり(populate)、それを修復し得るかを評価する。
マウスモデルを選択して、LB、初乳およびキノコの混合物が、組織への幹細胞の遊走をどのように刺激し得、従って、身体の遠隔組織に集まり、それを修復し得るかを評価する。
2種の消耗品を、ヒト被験体において試験した:Undariaから抽出したフコイダンおよびプラセボ。末梢静脈血サンプルを、インフォームド・コンセントの後、20〜45歳齢の間の健康なヒトボランティアから得た。血液および骨髄サンプルを、無菌条件下で得、直ぐに処理した。1gのフコイダンもしくはプラセボを、4〜6オンスの水とともにボランティアに与えた。上記プラセボの外見は、上記フコイダンの外見と同一であり、植物性カプセルに被包した、褐色に染色し、微細に挽いたジャガイモフレークからなった。
以下の排除基準を使用した:20歳未満もしくは65歳超、妊娠中、毎日の投薬を要する重篤な喘息およびアレルギー、任意の既知の慢性病または以前の/現在の性病、頻繁な娯楽的な薬物使用、ならびに消化機能障害(以前の大きな胃腸手術を含む)。3名のボランティアを、1週間の間隔を空けて、2日の研究日を指定した。試験を常に、その日の同じ時刻に(午前8〜11時)行って、日周期変動の影響を最小限にした。他のタイプのリンパ球の放出 対 ホーミングを伴うストレスからの干渉に起因して、試験の間のいかなる肉体的および精神的ストレスをも努めて最小にした。さらに、各研究日に、ボランティアに、その特定の研究日に上記個人に影響を及ぼし得る任意の例外的ストレス関連環境を決定することを目的とした、質問票を完成させるように指示した。最終分析からの所定の排除基準には、顕著な睡眠不足および重度の不安を含めた。質問票を完成させた後、ボランティアに、4時間にわたって安静にして、椅子に気楽に座っているように指示した。第1時間めの後、ベースライン血液サンプルを採血した。ベースラインサンプルを採血した直後、消耗品を提供した。血液サンプルを、上記消耗品の摂取の60分後、90分後および180分後に採取した。各時点で、5mlの血液をヘパリンに採取し、2mlの血液を、EDTAに採取した。その血液バイアルを、使用するまで振盪プレートの上に置いた。
上記EDTAに採取した血液を、コールターカウンタ−(Micro Diff II, Beckman Coulter)を使用して、全血球算定(CBC)を鑑別付きで得るために使用した。すべてのCBCを、上記サンプルを採血して1時間以内に行った。すべてのCBCを、三連で行った。ヘパリン化血液を、勾配遠心分離によるPBMC画分の精製のために使用し、免疫染色およびフローサイトメトリーのために処理した。幹細胞マーカーCD34−FITC(クローン8G12, BD BioSciences, San Jose, CA, USA)およびCD133−PE(Miltenyi Biotech, Auburn, CA, USA)を、2色の免疫蛍光のために使用した。CD34−FITC/CD133−PEでの全サンプルの染色を、三連で行った。IgG1−FITCおよびIgG1−PEアイソタイプコントロール(BD BioSciences)を、対応したサンプルにおいて使用した。各ドナーの別個の陽性コントロールサンプルには、CD45−FITCおよびCD14−PEを含めた。染色したPBMCを、1% ホルマリンで固定し、フローサイトメトリーによって直ぐに獲得した。200,000事象のファイルを、各々三連のサンプルに対して集めた。パーセント CD34+CD133−、CD34+CD133+、およびCD34−CD133+のサブセットを別個に分析し、そして、CBC鑑別計算によって得られた三連のリンパ球数の平均から得られたときに、そのリンパ球細胞数をかけて再度分析した。
本発明者らは、いくつかの異なる藻類の種に由来するフコイダンの経口投与を行なって、ヒト被験体の末梢血流におけるHSC移動を実現するそれの能力について、試験した。ある種(Undaria pinnatifida)に由来するフコイダンは、循環するCD34+HSCの数における有意な上昇を生じ、それは、45分、90分および180分の測定間隔で起こる、17%、23%(P<0.02)および32%((P<0.02)の増大であり、それによって、放出因子としての効力が実証された(図8)。本発明者らの知見の及ぶ限りでは、これは、文献において報告される最も顕著な増加であり、以前に報告された、Irimeh et al.(これはまた、Undaria pinnatifidaに由来するフコイダンの経口投与もまた試験した)における14日後での12%増加を上回る顕著な改善である。重要なことには、Irimeh et al.は、3gのフコイダンを毎日投与したことを報告したのに対して、本発明者らは、250mg投与量レジメンを使用して改善された結果を達成した。このことは、フコイダンを経口投与して、CD34+HSCの放出および循環を促進する場合に、特定の投与量を適用することの重要な役割を強調する。さらに、より低い投与量は、より長期間の患者の使用(例えば、日常的な毎日の投与)を可能にし得るのに対して、より高い投与量は、反復されたおよび/もしくは日常的な使用と適合しない可能性がある。
これら観察を超えて、本発明者らは、いくつかの他の藻類の種(Chordaria cladosiphonが挙げられる)に由来するフコイダンが、ヒト被験体におけるCD34+HSCの循環数を上昇できないことを発見した(図9)。いくつかの投与レジメン(上記のようにUndaria pinnatifidaに由来するフコイダンの上記有効な250mg投与量が挙げられる)の適用にも拘わらず、Chordaria cladosiphonに由来するフコイダンは、おそらく、循環するHSCの表面上のCXCR4発現の増大の結果として、循環するCD34+HSCの数の低下を生じた。これら結果は、フコイダンの正確な供給源と、有効な治療用量を特定することとの間での複雑な相互作用を反映する。同じフコイダン調製法を使用し、ボランティアにおいて同じ条件下で投与した、Chordaria cladosiphonに由来するこのフコイダンの250mgの消費は、循環する幹細胞の数の平均低下を与え(図3)、それによって、幹細胞の遊走を支援することにおける有効な役割が示された。
Claims (18)
- 被験体における幹細胞移動を増大する方法であって、該方法は、
幹細胞移動を増大させ得る移動因子を提供する工程;および
該被験体における幹細胞移動を増大させるために十分な量の、ある量の該移動因子を該被験体に投与する工程、
を包含する、方法。 - 前記移動因子は、Lycium barbarumもしくはその抽出物、初乳もしくはその抽出物、スピルリナもしくはその抽出物、フコイダン、Hericium erinaceusもしくはその抽出物、Ganoderma Lucidumもしくはその抽出物、および/またはCordyceps Sinensisもしくはその抽出物からなる群より選択される成分のうちの1つ以上を含む組成物である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記移動因子は、フコイダンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記フコイダンは、Undaria pinnatifidaから抽出される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記フコイダンの量は、250mgである、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記幹細胞は、骨髄由来幹細胞(BMSC)である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記幹細胞は、造血幹細胞(HSC)である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記量を投与する工程は、経口投与を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記経口投与は、カプセル剤もしくは丸剤の使用を含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 幹細胞移動を増大させ得る、250mgのフコイダンを提供する工程;および
該フコイダンを被験体に1日1回経口投与する工程、
を包含する、方法。 - 前記幹細胞は、骨髄由来幹細胞(BMSC)である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記幹細胞は、造血幹細胞(HSC)である、請求項10に記載の方法。
- 前記フコイダンは、Undaria pinnatifidaから抽出される、請求項10に記載の方法。
- Lycium barbarumもしくはその抽出物、初乳もしくはその抽出物、スピルリナもしくはその抽出物、フコイダン、Hericium erinaceusもしくはその抽出物、Ganoderma Lucidumもしくはその抽出物、および/またはCordyceps Sinensisもしくはその抽出物からなる群より選択される成分のうちの1種以上;ならびに
薬学的に受容可能なキャリア
を含む、薬学的組成物 - 前記Lycium barbarumもしくはその抽出物の量は、単一用量において500〜2000mgを構成する、請求項14に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記初乳もしくはその抽出物の量は、単一用量において75〜300mgを構成する、請求項14に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記スピルリナもしくはその抽出物の量は、単一用量において75〜300mgを構成する、請求項14に記載の薬学的組成物。
- 前記Hericium erinaceusもしくはその抽出物、Ganoderma Lucidumもしくはその抽出物、および/またはCordyceps Sinensisもしくはその抽出物の量は、単一用量において83〜1000mgを構成する、請求項14に記載の薬学的組成物。
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ZA201300101B (en) | 2014-03-26 |
WO2012006100A3 (en) | 2012-03-15 |
AU2011276479B2 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
MX2012015063A (es) | 2013-04-03 |
EP2588119A2 (en) | 2013-05-08 |
MX344304B (es) | 2016-12-13 |
MY170013A (en) | 2019-06-20 |
US20130108587A1 (en) | 2013-05-02 |
KR20140011295A (ko) | 2014-01-28 |
WO2012006100A2 (en) | 2012-01-12 |
JP2016153430A (ja) | 2016-08-25 |
EP2588119A4 (en) | 2014-01-08 |
BR112012033548A2 (pt) | 2017-06-20 |
AU2011276479A1 (en) | 2013-01-17 |
US10159705B2 (en) | 2018-12-25 |
EP3153173A1 (en) | 2017-04-12 |
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