JP2013514504A - 車両を駆動するための方法およびシステム - Google Patents
車両を駆動するための方法およびシステム Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
前記第1のモードまたは前記第2のモードのどちらに従って車両を駆動すべきかを、例えば車両の環境の周囲のパラメータにもとづいて判断するステップを含んでいる。周囲のパラメータは、車両の前方の環境の状態であってもよく、前記判断を、車両の制御システムの1つまたは複数の制御ユニットによって行なうことができる。
P=Tω (1)
によって互いに関係しており、ここでωは、エンジンの角速度、すなわち2π60/rpm(ここで、rpm=毎分のエンジンの回転数)を指し、したがって回転数n1までの領域においてエンジンから抽出できる出力Pは、エンジン回転数とエンジンによってもたらすことができる最大トルクの両方がより低いため、エンジンがもたらすことができる最大値よりも小さい値に限られる。したがって、オーバードライブの状態にあるとき、エンジンからの出力は制限される。
と表わすことができ、ここで、Fはこの距離にわたり物体に作用している力である。物理学の法則によれば、エネルギーは決して失われないため、より高い地点(例えば、図4のp2)とより低い地点(例えば、p3)との間の位置エネルギーの減少は、対応する2つの地点における運動エネルギーの差およびこれらの地点間の移動において実行された仕事と釣り合う。
に表現し直すことができ、ここで
積分の範囲が、計算が行われる地点を表わす0と、選択された地点に達するまでの車両の移動距離を表わすsとによって定められ、
v1は、丘の頂上p2における車両の速度を指し、
v2は、下方の地点p3における車両の速度を指し、
Fairは、車両の空気抵抗を指し、とりわけ車両の速度および車両の移動方向における断面積にもとづいて先行技術に充分に説明されている式に従って制御システムによって計算することができ、
Frrは、車両の転がり抵抗を指し、既知の式に従って、車両の重量、転がり抵抗係数、および道路の勾配にもとづいて同様に計算され、
Fengは、車両のエンジンによって車両の駆動輪へと加えられる動力を指す。上記の式において、この動力は制動力として表わされており、エンジンの摩擦によって負の方向に前進の動力を加える引きずりの状態の(trailing)エンジンに当てはまる。前進の(正の)動力の場合には、式における符号が変化し、エンジンが切り離される場合(上記のモード2)には、Feng=0であり、
Fgbは、変速機の摩擦を指し、ギア位置および変速機の温度(通常は、温度が高いほど摩擦が少ない)にもとづいて車両の制御システムによって推定することができ、
Faxle/navは、後部の車軸/シール/ホイールのベアリングにおける摩擦を指し、速度依存性であってもよく、制御システムに保存しておくことができ、
F1は、例えばACコンプレッサ、発電機、空気圧縮機、およびパワーステアリングなどのエンジンにとって負荷となる補助機器など、個々の事例に応じて適宜に考慮に入れる必要がある他の力を指す。また、制動力および/または慣性モーメントを考慮することが適切である可能性もある。
あるいは他の事例においては、この要因をゼロと仮定してもよく、
sは、車両の移動距離を指し、この場合には地点p2から地点p3までの距離を指す。
Claims (21)
- 燃焼エンジンへと接続された変速機を有する車両であって、前記車両を推進させるべく少なくとも1つの駆動軸へと動力をもたらすために前記変速機を種々の異なる伝達比に設定することが可能であり、少なくとも第1のモードおよび第2のモードで走行するように構成され、前記第1のモードにおいては、変速機が小さい伝達比へと切り換えられ、前記第2のモードにおいては、前記燃焼エンジンが前記少なくとも1つの駆動軸から切り離される、車両を駆動するための方法であって、
前記方法が、前記車両に必要な動力が少なく、あるいは特定の時間内に少なくなる状況において車両を駆動する場合に、
前記第1のモードまたは前記第2のモードのどちらに従って車両を駆動すべきかを判断するステップ
を含む方法。 - 周囲のパラメータにもとづいて前記第1のモードまたは前記第2のモードのどちらに従って車両を駆動すべきかを判断するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記周囲のパラメータが、車両の環境についてのパラメータの形態をとる、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記周囲のパラメータが、車両の前方の環境の状態の形態をとる、請求項2または3に記載の方法。
- 前記判断が、車両の制御システムの一部を形成する少なくとも制御ユニットによって行われる請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記周囲のパラメータが、現時点における車両の位置よりも後の位置における速度を割り出すために使用され、前記第1のモードまたは前記第2のモードのどちらに従って車両を駆動すべきかの前記判断が、前記割り出された速度にもとづいて行われる、請求項2〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記周囲のパラメータが、前記第1のモードおよび/または前記第2のモードによる駆動において前記車両が達するであろう最高の速度を割り出すために使用され、前記第1のモードまたは前記第2のモードのどちらに従って車両を駆動すべきかの前記判断が、前記割り出された速度にもとづいて行われる、請求項2〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記判断が、現時点における車両の位置よりも後の位置において前記車両を駆動するために必要な動力を表わすパラメータの値にもとづいて行われる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記必要な動力を表わすパラメータが第1の基準を満たす場合に、前記第1のモードに従って変速機が低い伝達比へと切り換えられ、
前記必要な動力を表わすパラメータが第2の基準を満たす場合に、前記第2のモードに従って前記燃焼エンジンが前記少なくとも1つの駆動軸から切り離される、請求項8に記載の方法。 - 前記低い伝達比において、前記燃焼エンジンが前記低い比におけるトルクのプラトーを下回るエンジン回転数で動作する、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 車両の推進に必要な動力が少なく、あるいは特定の時間内に少なくなる旨の判断が、車両の前方の道路の勾配に関するデータを使用し、さらには/あるいは車両の前方の道路の地形および/または車両の走行抵抗に関するデータを使用することによって行われる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 車両の推進に必要な動力が少なく、あるいは特定の時間内に少なくなる旨の判断が、エンジンへの制御信号およびエンジンからの制御信号を使用することによって行われる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のモードまたは前記第2のモードによる駆動の際に、前記速度および/または周囲のパラメータが第3の基準を満たす場合に、変速機が前記低い比よりも大きい伝達比へと切り換えられ、方法がまた、前記第2のモードでの駆動の際に、駆動系を閉じることをも含む、請求項1〜12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のモードまたは前記第2のモードによる駆動の際に、前記車両の速度が第1の速度から第1の速度ずれだけ外れた場合に、変速機が前記低い比よりも高い伝達比へと切り換えられ、方法がまた、前記第2のモードでの駆動の際に、駆動系を閉じることをも含む、請求項1〜13のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記第1のモードまたは前記第2のモードでの駆動の際に、エンジンからの出力の必要性が存在するかどうか、および/または特定の時間内に生じるかどうかを連続的に監視するステップと、
そのような必要性が存在し、さらには/あるいは生じる場合に、前記変速機をより大きい伝達比へと切り換えるステップと
をさらに含み、
また、前記第2のモードでの駆動の際に、駆動系を閉じることをも含む、請求項1〜14のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記変速機が、いくつかの別々のギアを備える変速機の形態をとり、前記より低い/より高い伝達比へ切り換えることが、より大きい/より小さいギアへの変更の形態をとる、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記車両が、変速機が前記低い比よりも高い伝達比へと切り換えられる第3のモードで走行するようにも構成され、方法が、前記第1のモード、前記第2のモード、または前記第3のモードのどれに従って車両を駆動すべきかを周囲のパラメータにもとづいて判断するステップ含む、請求項1〜16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- プログラムコードを含み、コンピュータにおいて実行されたときに前記コンピュータに請求項1〜17のいずれか1項に記載の方法を適用させるコンピュータプログラム。
- コンピュータにとって読み取り可能な媒体と、請求項18に記載のコンピュータプログラムとを含み、プログラムが前記コンピュータにとって読み取り可能な媒体に収容されているコンピュータプログラム製品。
- 燃焼エンジンへと接続された変速機を有する車両であって、前記車両を推進させるべく少なくとも1つの駆動軸へと動力をもたらすために変速機を種々の異なる伝達比に設定することが可能であり、少なくとも第1のモードおよび第2のモードで走行するように構成され、前記第1のモードにおいては、変速機が小さい伝達比へと切り換えられ、前記第2のモードにおいては、前記燃焼エンジンが前記少なくとも1つの駆動軸から切り離される、車両を駆動するためのシステムにおいて、
システムが、前記車両に必要な動力が少なく、あるいは特定の時間内に少なくなる状況において車両を駆動する場合に、
周囲のパラメータにもとづいて前記第1のモードまたは前記第2のモードのどちらに従って車両を駆動すべきかを判断するための手段を備えることを特徴とするシステム。 - 請求項20に記載のシステムを備えることを特徴とする車両。
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PCT/SE2010/051399 WO2011075065A1 (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2010-12-16 | Method and system for operating a vehicle ii |
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