JP2013166175A - Cutting device for casting and casting apparatus using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently collect castings 32b, 32b, ... excluding products 32a, 32a, ... of workpieces 32, 32, ... as fragments 43, 43, ....SOLUTION: A cutting device 50 includes a freely reciprocatable arm 51, two square cutters 52 and 52 attached to the arm 51, and a driving device 53 for the arm 51, and a casting apparatus 20 includes a molten metal pouring device 23 for molten metal 44, the cutting device 50, and a transfer device 22 that conveys sand molds 30, 30, ... while synchronizing with the molten metal pouring device 23 and cutting device 50.

Description

  The present invention relates to a casting cutting apparatus other than a workpiece product useful for making a casting process efficient, and a casting apparatus including the cutting apparatus.

Casting is a processing method for injecting molten metal called hot water 44 into the mold 31 (hereinafter referred to as pouring) and solidifying it to produce a metal solid having a shape similar to that of the mold 31, and a product 32a called a casting having a complicated shape, 32a... Can be created (FIG. 4 or, for example, http://www.jspmi.or.jp/system/file/3/883/N04-03.pdf). A casting facility capable of automated mass production using sand molds 30, 30... In which a mold 31 is formed inside a mating surface in which sand 33, 33... Is compressed and hardened includes a plurality of batch-type melting furnaces 11, 11 ... and a casting molding line that includes a casting apparatus 20 that operates continuously, and the sand molds 30, 30 ... formed by a molding machine 21 of the casting molding line are continuously combined by a conveying device 22. To the pouring device 23. While the pouring device 23 pours one batch of hot water 44 into the sand molds 30, 30,... By the method of supplying, the casting line can be continuously produced.

  The raw material 40 of the casting, whose main component is iron, is generated along with the operation of the casting molding line, with iron pieces 41, 41 ... called so-called scraps purchased from the city, and pig iron 42, 42 ... with high iron content purity purchased from steelworks. Are small pieces 43, 43 ... of the castings 32b, 32b ... other than the products 32a, 32a ... of the workpiece 32 to be collected, and are mixed into a batch-type melting furnace 11, 11 after being mixed by a predetermined amount. Further, the fragments 43, 43 ... are the remaining castings 32b, 32b ... of the workpieces 32, 32 ... obtained by cutting the products 32a, 32a ... from the workpieces 32, 32 ..., and first, the sand molds 30, 30 ... The workpieces 32, 32,... Are taken out from the sand molds 30, 30,..., And the products 32a, 32a,. Are cut out and sent to the product forming line 27, and the castings 32b, 32b are separately collected and broken into pieces 43, 43, etc. by a device called a lower crusher 26 (for example, http) : //www.sintokogio.net/chuzo/ziko/plant/index.html). Some melting furnaces 11, 11... Use electricity as a heat source, and the rated melting amount is determined based on a weight that can be melted based on the heat source size and capacity. Therefore, the melting furnaces 11, 11... Continuously and stably improve the casting line by increasing the density of the raw material 40 to be supplied for each batch to increase the density inside the melting furnace 11 to be close to the rating. Can be operated. Therefore, reducing the raw material 40 so as not to be bulky is a very important issue in managing the casting line.

  However, the shape of the iron pieces 41, 41 ... and the pig irons 42, 42 ... can be managed at the stage of purchase, but the broken pieces 43, 43 ... are broken pieces of the castings 32b, 32b ... The molds 31b1, 31b1,..., Horizontal runners 31b2, 31b2,..., Vertical runners 31b3, 31b3. , 31b5..., 31b6, 31b6..., And the castings 32b, 32b..., Which are melted and poured as hot water 44 and solidified, are broken (FIGS. 3A and 3B). Here, the hot water 31b5 has a function that the hot water 44 accumulated in the hot water 31b5 replenishes the contraction during solidification of the product 32a, and after solidification, the plate weir 31b6 has a vertical runway 31b3. Since it is designed to be narrow so that replenishment of hot water 44 is interrupted, a hole is formed when it is solidified and becomes brittle. Therefore, the vertical runner 31b3 provided with the plate weir 31b6 is easily broken by impacts caused by dropping at the time of disassembling or dropping in the middle of conveyance, and become sufficiently small pieces 43, 43. On the other hand, the side runners 31b2 and 31b2 connected to the gate 31b1 are designed to be thick so as to maintain the fluidity of the hot water 44, and are strong and difficult to break after solidification. 43, 43... Are common. In addition to the crusher 26, in order to turn the castings 32b, 32b,... Into pieces 43, 43,... There is known a casting apparatus (Patent Document 2) used for the above. Here, the workpieces 32, 32 ... are castings before the products 32a, 32a ... corresponding to the mold 31 are cut out, and the products 32a, 32a ... are castings 32b, 32b ... required only during casting. This is a casting that is removed and passed to the product molding line 27.

JP 2006-263786 A JP 2010-234431 A

  When such a prior art is used, it is necessary to provide a separate dedicated facility only for the purpose of turning the castings 32b, 32b... Into pieces 43, 43. There is a need to manufacture a dedicated mold having a complicated structure, but both of them are expensive and lack general versatility.

  In addition, the crusher 26 that is generally installed breaks a cast iron product (FC) having a low tensile strength by causing the castings 32b, 32b,... Although it is easy to break, it is difficult to break a tough ductile iron product (FCD), and at the same time, the crusher itself is expensive and maintenance such as periodic replacement of consumables In addition, there is an extremely large economic problem that the running cost associated therewith is an excessive burden.

  Therefore, in view of the problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is a cutting device having a simple structure capable of easily and effectively cutting the castings 32b, 32b... By providing a cutting device in the casting apparatus, the castings 32b, 32b... Are cut before solidification, and the castings 32b, 32b. The object is to provide an efficient casting apparatus.

  In order to achieve the above object, the first invention according to this application (referring to the invention according to claim 1, hereinafter the same) includes an arm that can reciprocate, a cutter attached to the arm, and driving of the arm. The cutter has a gist that the casting other than the workpiece product is poured into a sand mold and then cut before solidification of the hot water.

  The configuration of the second invention (referring to the invention according to claim 2, the same shall apply hereinafter) includes a pouring device, a cutting device of the first invention, and a conveying device that conveys a sand mold in synchronization with the pouring device and the cutting device. The conveying device sequentially conveys the sand mold that has already been poured by the pouring device to the cutting device, and the cutting device pours castings other than workpiece products into the sand mold and then cuts before the solidification of the hot water. This is the gist.

  In addition, you may stop a cutting device with respect to the sand type | mold which passed predetermined time after pouring.

  In addition, the cutting device can move in the front-rear direction of the transport device.

  Here, the cutting device may move in the left-right direction of the transport device.

  When such a configuration of the first invention is used, the workpiece is softened while reducing the fluidity of the molten metal before solidification, and within a predetermined time from pouring, without damaging the product, Castings other than products can be easily cut with a hard cutter. At this time, even if the casting being solidified is connected again after cutting, the connected portion is sufficiently brittle and can be broken into pieces because it is easily broken by the impact of dropping.

According to the configuration of the second invention, the pouring device and the cutting device are incorporated in the casting device, and the cutting device operates in synchronization with the pouring device. Therefore, the casting apparatus can reliably perform the control of performing the cutting operation within a predetermined time range, and can make the casting apparatus itself compact. In addition, a casting facility capable of mass production can eliminate a crusher that has been a heavy burden.

  Stopping the cutting device against a sand mold that has passed a predetermined time after pouring can prevent the cutting device from cutting the solidified and hardened metal, thus causing damage to the cutter or product. And the casting apparatus and the cutting apparatus can be protected. In addition, simple control that does not require a sensor is sufficient even when compared with control for measuring temperature.

  By moving the cutting device in the front-rear direction of the conveying device, even if the thickness of the sand mold fluctuates, it is possible to adjust the position of the mating surface of the sand mold to be in front of the cutting device. Can be cut.

  The cutting device moves in the left-right direction of the conveying device, so that the position of the cutter can be adjusted even if the position of the gate of the sand mold fluctuates. be able to.

Overall configuration diagram Main part explanatory drawing Perspective perspective view of main parts Overall configuration diagram Main part explanatory drawing

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  A description will be given of an embodiment in a mass production type casting facility that operates in synchronization with the molding machine 21 for forming the vertical sand molds 30, 30... (FIG. 1). The sand molds 30, 30... Have a pair of molds 31 formed on the front vertical surfaces 30 a, 30 a... And the rear vertical surfaces 30 b, 30 b. Are aligned with the mating surfaces of the sand molds 30, 30... By combining the vertical surfaces 30 a, 30 a. The sand molds 30, 30... Are basically the same in thickness, width and height even if the mold corresponding to the mold 31 is changed, and the number of products for one sand mold 30 is the mold size. It is decided accordingly. However, the basic structure of the mold 31 is the same regardless of the number of products (FIGS. 3A and 3B). That is, a pouring gate 31b1 is provided at the upper center portion of the mating surfaces of the sand molds 30 and 30, with the upper surface open, so that pouring from the upper portion is possible. In the lower part of the gate 31b1, horizontal horizontal runners 31b2, 31b2 are formed toward both ends in the width direction, and vertical runners 31b3, 31b3 extending in the vertical direction downward are formed at both ends. ing. Each mold 31a corresponding to each product 32a is connected to vertical runners 31b3, 31b3 via weirs 31b4, 31b4..., And one of them is longitudinally connected to a plate weir 31b6 and a feeder 31b5. It is connected to the runway 31b3.

  The cutting device 50 includes a reciprocating arm 51, two square cutters 52 and 52 attached to the arm 51, and a drive device 53 for the arm 51 (FIG. 2). The arm 51 is supported by bearings 55 and 55 attached to the upper surface of the base 54 so as to be swingable about shafts 51 a and 51 a fixed to the arm 51. The arm 51 is formed by integrating the lever 56 with the arm 51 in a direction opposite to the left-right direction of the arm 51 with respect to the shafts 51a and 51a. The end of the lever 56 is attached to the base 54 via a retractable drive device 53. The two cutters 52, 52 have a rectangular surface parallel to the shafts 51a, 51a and a predetermined downward direction on a base plate 52b which is swingable with respect to the arm 51 via the shaft 52a at the tip of the arm 51. Two horizontal runners 31b2, 31b2 which are attached at intervals and extend symmetrically in the width direction of the upper part of the sand molds 30, 30... The castings 32b and 32b corresponding to can be cut. The cutters 52 and 52 are thin plates made of ductile cast iron, and the thinned end portions are chilled and cured. Here, although the pneumatic cylinder is used as the drive device 53, an electric motor or a hydraulic cylinder may be used. Further, the cutters 52 and 52 may be made of a steel plate instead of ductile cast iron, or may be one sheet or a plurality of sheets instead of two, and a predetermined interval can be adjusted.

  The cutting device 50 has a base 54 attached to a bed 57 fixed to the floor via a back-and-forth moving device 54a and a left-and-right moving device 54b, and is movable in the back-and-forth direction and the left-and-right direction with respect to the transport device 22. (FIGS. 1 and 2). The forward / backward moving device 54a can move the base 54 with a motor (not shown), and the left / right moving device 54b can move the base 54 manually. The base 54 is fixed to the bed 57 by a brake (not shown) after adjusting the position by moving in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. However, the back-and-forth moving device 54a and the left-right moving device 54b in FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematically shown.

  The casting device 20 includes a pouring device 23 for the hot water 44, a cutting device 50, and a transport device 22 for transporting the sand molds 30, 30... In synchronization with the pouring device 23 and the cutting device 50 (FIG. 1). ). The conveying device 22 sandwiches a sand mold 30 formed by a molding machine 21 by a device called a clamp (not shown) from both sides in the left-right direction, and places the thickness direction of the sand mold 30 on the rails 22a, 22a. , The sand mold 30 is pressed against the sand molds 30, 30... Arranged in a line with the lateral width direction of the sand mold 30 as the left-right direction of the casting apparatus 20, and discharged. The clamp moves forward with the sand mold 30 in between, opens and repeats retreat. Therefore, the sand molds 30, 30... Are moved forward and stopped by the thickness of one sand mold by forming a pair of molds 31 inside the closely mating surfaces of the vertical surfaces 30 a, 30 a, and the vertical surfaces 30 b, 30 b. It repeats alternately and slides on rail 22a, 22a ..., and is carried to the pouring apparatus 23. FIG.

  The pouring device 23 is supplied with one batch of hot water 44 from the melting furnaces 11, 11... Via the moving container 12, and is poured from the molding machine 21 at the position of the mating surface of the sand molds 30, 30. By inclining the pouring device 23 itself into the pouring gate 31b1 of the sand mold 30, 30 that is stopped in front of the device 23, a certain amount of pouring is repeated from the pouring spout 23a. The conveying device 22 sequentially conveys the poured sand molds 30, 30... To the cutting device 50.

  The cutting device 50 pours castings 32b and 32b corresponding to the side runners 31b2 and 31b2 of the sand mold 30 stopped in synchronization with the pouring device 23 with the position of the mating surface of the sand molds 30 and 30 being in front. Then, after the hot water 44 reaches the mold 31, it is cut before solidification. At this time, the cutting device 50 is installed backward from the pouring device 23 by exactly the eight thicknesses of the sand mold 30, and since one cycle is about 8 seconds, the cutting device 50 is cut after about 64 seconds from the pouring. Yes. Moreover, the control of stopping the cutting device 50 is incorporated into the sand molds 30, 30... That have passed a predetermined time after pouring. Here, the predetermined time means that the time required for the hot water 44 to reach the mold 31 and the solidification time of the hot water 44 vary depending on the mold size and the type of cast iron. It is determined on the condition that the product 32a is not solidified to the extent that the product 32a is not damaged when cutting 32b.

  The sand molds 30, 30... Are formed by compressing and solidifying the sands 33, 33..., And thus the thickness dimension varies depending on changes in sand properties depending on the type and moisture content, and environmental changes such as temperature and humidity. Therefore, the cutting device 50 is adjusted so that the position of the mating surface of the sand mold is set to the front of the cutting device by moving in the front-rear direction of the conveying device 22 in response to the cumulative thickness variation of the sand molds 30, 30. Can be done. Actually, the position of the predetermined sand mold 30 is periodically measured by a sensor (not shown), and the position is automatically controlled by the back-and-forth moving device 54a.

  The cutting device 50 can be moved in the left-right direction of the conveying device 22 with respect to the position of the gate 31b1 that varies in the width direction depending on the type of the mold 31 of the sand molds 30, 30 ... so that the position of the cutter can be adjusted. (Fig. 2). Actually, the left and right moving device 54b is manually operated depending on the type of the mold 31.

After the pouring, the conveying device 22 feeds the sand molds 30, 30. The frame removing device 24 drops the sand molds 30, 30... From the transport device 22, and separates the workpieces 32, 32. The workpieces 32, 32,... Placed on the next conveyor are cut by the castings 32b, 32b,... Corresponding to the weirs 31b4, 31b4,. Product 32a, 32a ... and casting 32b, 32b ... are divided. The products 32a, 32a... Are dropped into the product forming line 27 by dropping sand 33, 33..., And the castings 32b, 32b. It is collected as raw material 40 of the casting equipment as it is. The sand 33, 33... Is collected and reused by the molding machine 21 for forming the sand molds 30, 30. Note that the crusher 26 shown in FIG. 4 is not necessary.
[Other embodiments]

  The horizontal sand molds 30, 30... Form a pair of molds 31 by aligning the upper mold with the lower mold, but prevent the mold 31 from being displaced by pushing up the upper mold when the gas from the mold 31 escapes after pouring. For this purpose, the weight 35 is placed and transported (FIG. 5A). Therefore, the cutting device 50 is provided with holes 35a, 35a ... corresponding to the castings 32b, 32b ... corresponding to the castings 52b, 32b ... corresponding to the castings 32b, 32b ... at arbitrary positions of the sand mold 30 stopped during the conveyance. The castings 32b, 32b... Can be directly cut by penetrating the weight 35. At the same time, instead of swinging the arm 51, the cutting device 50 can move the arm 52 up and down linearly using the driving device 53 and the linear bearing 55a.

  Instead of cutting the castings 32b, 32b corresponding to the horizontal runners 31b2, 31b2, the cutting device 50 cuts the casting 32b corresponding to the vertical runner 31b3 on the side of the sand molds 30, 30,. (FIG. 5B). It is also possible to simultaneously cut the castings 32b, 32b corresponding to the horizontal runners 31b2, 31b2 and the casting 32b corresponding to the vertical lateral passage 31b3. However, FIG. 5B shows a state in which the casting 52b corresponding to the vertical horizontal path 31b3 is cut by reciprocating the cutter 52 left and right using the driving device 53 and the linear bearing 55a.

  The cutting device 50 can also cut the horizontal runners 31b2, 31b2 and the vertical lateral passage 31b3 by rotating a disk-shaped cutter (not shown).

  The present invention relates to a casting cutting apparatus that efficiently collects castings other than workpiece products as small pieces, and a casting apparatus that uses the casting cutting apparatus, and has industrial applicability.

Conveyor ... 22
Pouring device ... 23
Sand mold ... 30
Work ... 32
Product ... 32a
Castings other than products ... 32b
Hot water ... 44
Cutting device ... 50
Arm ... 51
Cutter ... 52
Drive unit 53

Claims (5)

  A reciprocating arm, a cutter attached to the arm, and a drive device for the arm are provided. The cutter is used to pour a casting other than a workpiece product into a sand mold and before solidifying the hot water. A casting cutting apparatus characterized by cutting.   A pouring device, a cutting device according to claim 1, and a conveying device that conveys a sand mold in synchronization with the pouring device and the cutting device, wherein the conveying device is poured by the pouring device. A casting apparatus characterized in that a finished sand mold is sequentially conveyed to the cutting apparatus, and the cutting apparatus cuts a casting other than a workpiece product into a sand mold and then solidifies the hot water.   The casting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the cutting device is stopped with respect to a sand mold that has passed a predetermined time after pouring.   The casting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the cutting device moves in the front-rear direction of the transport device. The casting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the cutting device moves in a left-right direction of the transport device.

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