JP2013064148A - 無機−有機ナノ複合体 - Google Patents
無機−有機ナノ複合体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2013064148A JP2013064148A JP2012267834A JP2012267834A JP2013064148A JP 2013064148 A JP2013064148 A JP 2013064148A JP 2012267834 A JP2012267834 A JP 2012267834A JP 2012267834 A JP2012267834 A JP 2012267834A JP 2013064148 A JP2013064148 A JP 2013064148A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- inorganic
- clay
- organic
- group
- organopolysiloxane
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 33
- -1 caulks Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 39
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 30
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 25
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 7
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical group [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Allylamine Chemical compound NCC=C VVJKKWFAADXIJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012802 nanoclay Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001470 polyketone Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920006216 polyvinyl aromatic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000006459 hydrosilylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940094522 laponite Drugs 0.000 description 3
- XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B lithium magnesium sodium silicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Na+].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3.O1[Si](O2)([O-])O[Si]3([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]2([O-])O3 XCOBTUNSZUJCDH-UHFFFAOYSA-B 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052615 phyllosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Polymers [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004990 Smectic liquid crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihydroxy(trihydroxysilyloxy)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 2
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052621 halloysite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000271 hectorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hectorite Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-].[OH-].[Na+].[Mg+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O[Si]([O-])(O1)O[Si]1([O-])O2 KWLMIXQRALPRBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011234 nano-particulate material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 229910000273 nontronite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000275 saponite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001494 2-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Laurolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCN1 JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000571 Nylon 11 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical group [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZYUIDCRSQBJHLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C-]#N.F Chemical compound [C-]#N.F ZYUIDCRSQBJHLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001540 azides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNSBYDPZHCQWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;aluminum;dioxido(oxo)silane;sodium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na].[Al].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O VNSBYDPZHCQWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001919 chlorite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052619 chlorite group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002603 chloroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])Cl 0.000 description 1
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical compound OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M cyanate Chemical compound [O-]C#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002993 cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WSFMFXQNYPNYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyl-octadecyl-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC WSFMFXQNYPNYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydrogensulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】層状無機ナノ微粒子である少なくとも一つの無機成分と、第四級アンモニウムオルガノポリシロキサンである少なくとも一つの有機成分とを含有する無機−有機ナノ複合体。
【選択図】なし
Description
本書で用いる用語「層間剥離(exfoliation)」は、ナノ粘土プレートレット(nanoclay platelets)の小さな束がポリマーマトリックス中で互いに分離する過程をいう。層間剥離の際、各束の最も外側の領域でプレートレットがへき開し、分離のためにより多くのプレートレットを露出させる。
MaDbD’c
式中、“a”は2であり、“b”は1であるか又は1より大きく、“c”はゼロ又は正数であり;Mは、
[R3 ZNR4]3−x−yR1 xR2 ySiO1/2
であり、式中、“x”は、0、1又は2であり、“y”は、x+yが2未満であるか又は2であるという条件付きで0又は1のいずれかであり、“z”は2であり、R1及びR2は、個々独立して炭素数60以下の一価の炭化水素基であり;R3は、H及び炭素数60以下の一価の炭化水素基からなる群から選択され;R4は、炭素数60以下の一価の炭化水素基であり;Dは、
R5R6SiO1/2
であり、式中、R5及びR6は、個々独立して炭素数60以下の一価の炭化水素基であり;D’は、
R7R8SiO2/2
であり、式中、R7及びR8は、個々独立して下記の一般式のアミンを含む一価の炭化水素基であり:
[R9 aNR10]
式中、“a”は2であり、R9は、H及び炭素数60以下の一価の炭化水素基からなる群から選択され;R10は、炭素数60以下の一価の炭化水素基である。
[R14O] 3−x−yR15 xR16 ySiR17
式中、“x”は、0、1又は2であり、“y”は、x+yが2未満であるか又は2であるという条件付きで0又は1のいずれかであり;R14は、炭素数30以下の一価の炭化水素基であり;R15及びR16は、独立して選ばれる炭素数60以下の一価の炭化水素基であり;R17は、炭素数60以下の一価の炭化水素基である。本発明の無機成分を修飾するのに有用な他の化合物は、R18R19R20Nの構造を有するアミン化合物又は対応するアンモニウムイオンであり、式中、R18、R19、及びR20は、個々独立して炭素数30以下のアルキル基又はアルケニル基であり、他の実施形態では、個々独立して炭素数20以下のアルキル基又はアルケニル基であり、これらは同一でもよく、又は異なってもよい。さらに他の実施形態では、有機分子は、R18、R19及びR20が個々独立して炭素数14〜20までのアルキル又はアルケニルである、長鎖の第三級アミンである。
式中、R1及びR2は、同一でも異なってもよく、以下の式の基を表わす:
ここで、(I)の窒素原子は、R5基を経由して(II)のケイ素原子にリンクされ、そしてR5は、炭素数1〜10のアルキレン基、炭素数5〜8のシクロアルキレン基、又は下記の一般式の単位を表わす:
式中、nは、1〜6の数であり且つ窒素位置におけるメチレン基の数を示し、mは、0〜6の数であり、そしてケイ素原子に結合した酸素原子の自由原子価は、式(II)の他の基のケイ素原子によって、及び/又は、一つ又は複数の以下の架橋結合リンクの金属原子によって、シリカ骨格における場合のように飽和されており、
式中、Mは、ケイ素原子、チタン原子又はジルコニウム原子であり、そしてR’は、炭素数1〜5の直鎖状又は分岐状のアルキル基であり、そして式(II)の基のケイ素原子対結合リンク中の金属原子の比は、1:0〜であり、そして式中、R3は、R1又はR2と同じであるか、又は水素、炭素数1〜20の直鎖状又は分岐状のアルキル基、炭素数5〜8のシクロアルキル基、又はベンジル基であり、そしてR4は、水素、炭素数1〜20の直鎖状又は分岐状のアルキル基、又は炭素数5〜8のシクロアルキル基、ベンジル基、アルキル基、プロパルギル基、クロロエチル基、ヒドロキシエチル基、又はクロロプロピル基であり、Xは、1から3に等しい価数xの陰イオンであり、ハロゲン化物、次亜塩素酸塩、硫酸塩、硫酸水素塩、亜硝酸塩、硝酸塩、リン酸塩、リン酸二水素塩、リン酸水素塩、炭酸塩、炭酸水素塩、水酸化物、塩素酸塩、過塩素酸塩、クロム酸塩、二クロム酸塩、シアン化物、シアン酸塩、ロダン化物、硫化物、硫化水素、セレン化物、テルル化物、ホウ酸塩、メタホウ酸塩、アジ化物、テトラフルオロホウ酸塩、テトラフェニルホウ酸塩、ヘキサフルオロリン酸塩、ギ酸塩、酢酸塩、プロピオン酸塩、シュウ酸塩、トリフルオロ酢酸塩、トリクロロ酢酸塩、又は安息香酸塩の群から選択される。
式中、R1、R2、R6及びR7は、個々独立して、H、炭素数30以下の炭化水素基(例えば、アルキル、シクロアルキル、アリール、脂肪族基置換アリール(alkaryl)、芳香族基置換アルキル(aralkyl)など)であり、又はR1とR2は共に、又はR6とR7は共に、炭素数12以下の二価の架橋基を形成し、R3及びR5は、個々独立して炭素数30以下の二価の炭化水素架橋基であり、任意に1つ以上の酸素原子及び/又はチッ素原子を鎖の中に含有することができ、例えば、−CH2−、−CH2CH2−、−CH2CH2CH2−、−CH2C(CH3)−CH2−、−CH2CH2CH2CH2−などのような炭素数1〜8の直鎖状又は分岐状のアルキレンであり、R4は、個々独立してアルキル基であり、そしてnは1〜20であり、好ましくは6〜12である。
(1)層状無機ナノ微粒子である少なくとも一つの無機成分と、第四級アンモニウムオルガノポリシロキサンである少なくとも一つの有機成分とを含有する無機−有機ナノ複合体。
(2)層状無機ナノ微粒子が、Na+、Ca2+、Al3+、Fe2+、Fe3+、Mg2+及びそれらの混合物の群から選択される交換可能な陽イオンを有する、(1)に記載の無機−有機ナノ複合体。
(3)層状ナノ微粒子が、モンモリロナイト、ナトリウムモンモリロナイト、カルシウムモンモリロナイト、マグネシウムモンモリロナイト、ノントロナイト、ベイデルライト、ボルコンスコイト、ラポナイト、ヘクトライト、サポーナイト、ソーコナイト、マガダイト、ケニアイト、ソボクカイト、スビンドルダイト、スチーブンサイト、バーミキュライト、ハロイサイト、アルミナートオキシド、ハイドロタルサイト、イライト、レクトライト、タロソバイト、レディカイト、カオリナイト、及びそれらの混合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つの要素である、(1)に記載の無機−有機ナノ複合体。
(4)層状無機ナノ微粒子が、約0.01μm〜約10μmの平均最大横寸法、及び約0.5nm〜約10nmの平均最大縦寸法を有する、(1)に記載の無機−有機ナノ複合体。
(5)第四級アンモニウムオルガノポリシロキサンが、以下の式を有する少なくとも一つのアンモニウム含有ジオルガノポリシロキサンである、(1)に記載の無機−有機ナノ複合体。
MaDbD’c
式中、“a”は2であり、“b”は1であるか又は1より大きく、“c”はゼロ又は正数であり;Mは、
[R3 ZNR4]3−x−yR1 xR2 ySiO1/2
であり、式中、“x”は、0、1又は2であり、“y”は、x+yが2未満であるか又は2であるという条件付きで0又は1のいずれかであり、“z”は2であり、R1及びR2は、個々独立して炭素数60以下の一価の炭化水素基であり;R3は、H及び炭素数60以下の一価の炭化水素基からなる群から選択され;R4は、炭素数60以下の一価の炭化水素基であり;Dは、
R5R6SiO1/2
であり、式中、R5及びR6は、個々独立して炭素数60以下の一価の炭化水素基であり;D’は、
R7R8SiO2/2
であり、式中、R7及びR8は、個々独立して以下の一般式のアミンを含む一価の炭化水素基であり:
[R9 aNR10]
式中、“a”は2であり、R9は、H及び炭素数60以下の一価の炭化水素基からなる群から選択され;R10は、炭素数60以下の一価の炭化水素基である、請求項1に記載の無機−有機ナノ複合体。
(6)第四級アンモニウム基が、式R6R7R8N+X−で表わされ、式中、R6、R7及びR8の少なくとも一つは、炭素数60以下のアルコキシシランであり、そして残りの基が、炭素数60以下のアルキル基又はアルケニル基であり、そしてXが陰イオンである、(5)に記載の無機−有機ナノ複合体。
(7)第四級アンモニウムオルガノポリシロキサンが、加水分解/縮合の条件下で、少なくとも一つの加水分解が可能な基を有するアミノシランを水と反応させてアミン末端オルガノポリシロキサンを生成させ、その後、アミン末端オルガノポリシランを第四級化してアンモニウムオルガノポリシロキサンを生成させることにより得られる、(1)に記載の無機−有機ナノ複合体。
(8)第四級アンモニウムオルガノポリシロキサンが、加水分解/縮合に先立って、少なくとも一つの加水分解が可能な基を有するアミノシランを第四級化してアンモニウムオルガノポリシロキサンを生成させることにより得られる、(1)に記載の無機−有機ナノ複合体。
(9)第四級アンモニウムオルガノポリシロキサンが、ヒドロシリル化触媒の存在下で、水素末端オルガノポリシロキサンをアリルアミンでヒドロシリル化してアミン末端オルガノポリシロキサンを生成させ、その後、アミン末端オルガノポリシロキサンを第四級化してアンモニウムオルガノポリシロキサンを生成させることにより得られる、(1)に記載の無機−有機ナノ複合体。
(10)a)状況に応じては触媒の存在下で、少なくとも一つの加水分解が可能なアルコキシ基を有するアミノシランを水と反応させてアミン末端オルガノポリシロキサンを得るステップ;
b)アミン末端オルガノポリシロキサンを第四級化して第四級化されたオルガノポリシロキサンを得るステップ;及び、
c)第四級化されたオルガノポリシロキサンと、イオン交換が可能な陽イオンを有する層状無機ナノ微粒子とを結合させて無機−有機ナノ複合体を得るステップ
を包含する、無機−有機ナノ複合体の製造方法:
(11)アミノシランが、少なくとも一つの加水分解が可能なアルコキシ基を有する、第一級、第二級、又は第三級のアミノシランである、(10)に記載の方法。
(12)触媒が、有機金属化合物、酸、塩基、及びそれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、(10)に記載の方法。
(13)アミン末端オルガノポリシロキサンが、鉱酸、ハロゲン化アルキル、又はそれらの混合物で第四級化される、(10)に記載の方法。
(14)(10)に記載の方法によって得られる無機−有機ナノ複合体。
(15)(11)に記載の方法によって得られる無機−有機ナノ複合体。
(16)(12)に記載の方法によって得られる無機−有機ナノ複合体。
(17)(13)に記載の方法によって得られる無機−有機ナノ複合体。
(18)少なくとも一つの固体の合成樹脂と、そのための部分充填剤又は全充填剤として、(1)に記載の少なくとも一つの無機−有機ナノ複合体とを含有する組成物。
(19)樹脂が、エポキシ、ポリカーボナート、シリコーン、ポリエステル、ポリエーテル、ポリオレフィン、天然ゴム、合成ゴム、ポリウレタン、ナイロン、ポリスチレン、ポリビニル芳香族樹脂、アクリル樹脂、アクリラートエスエルポリアミド、ポリイミド、フェノール樹脂、ポリハロゲン化ビニル、ポリフェニレンオキシド、ポリケトン、それらのコポリマー、及びそれらのブレンド物からなる群から選択される少なくとも一つである、(18)に記載の組成物。
(20)無機−有機ナノ複合体が、約90重量パーセントまでのレベルで存在する、(18)に記載の組成物。
(21)少なくとも一つの固体の合成樹脂と、そのための部分充填剤又は全充填剤として、(10)に記載の方法によって得られる少なくとも一つの無機−有機ナノ複合体とを含有する組成物。
(22)樹脂が、エポキシ、ポリカーボナート、シリコーン、ポリエステル、ポリエーテル、ポリオレフィン、天然ゴム、合成ゴム、ポリウレタン、ナイロン、ポリスチレン、ポリビニル芳香族樹脂、アクリル樹脂、アクリラートエスエルポリアミド、ポリイミド、フェノール樹脂、ポリハロゲン化ビニル、ポリフェニレンオキシド、ポリケトン、それらのコポリマー、及びそれらのブレンド物の少なくとも一つである、(21)に記載の組成物。
(23)無機−有機ナノ複合体が、約90重量パーセントまでのレベルで存在する、(21)に記載の組成物。
本発明による有機−無機ナノ複合体は、アミノプロピル末端シロキサン(「GAP10」;10のシロキサン長;米国ウォーターフォードのGEシリコーンズ社から入手) 10gを、100mlの一口丸底フラスコにまず入れて、次いでメルク社(Merck)から入手可能なメタノール4mlを添加することによって調製した。次いで、2.2mlの濃HClを攪拌しながら非常にゆっくりと添加し、攪拌を10分間続けた。凝縮器とオーバーヘッド機械式攪拌機とを取り付けた2000ml三口丸底フラスコに、900mlの水を加えた。18gのクロイサイトNa+(Cloisite Na+)(サザンクレイプロダクツ社(Southern Clay Products)から入手可能な天然のモンモリロナイト)粘土を、攪拌しながら非常にゆっくりと水に加えた(攪拌速度は約250rpm)。次に、塩化アンモニウム溶液(上で調製した)を、粘土−水混合物に非常にゆっくり加えた。混合物を1時間攪拌し、一晩放置した。混合物は、ブフナー漏斗(Buchner funnel)を用いて濾過し、得られた固体を800mlのメタノールでスラリー状にして、20分間攪拌し、次に混合物を濾過した。固体を80℃のオーブン中で約50時間乾燥した。
Claims (1)
- 層状無機ナノ微粒子である少なくとも一つの無機成分と、第四級アンモニウムオルガノポリシロキサンである少なくとも一つの有機成分とを含有する無機−有機ナノ複合体。
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US11/336,948 US7531613B2 (en) | 2006-01-20 | 2006-01-20 | Inorganic-organic nanocomposite |
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS61283655A (ja) * | 1985-06-10 | 1986-12-13 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | シリコ−ンゴム組成物 |
JPS6328441A (ja) * | 1986-07-18 | 1988-02-06 | Shiseido Co Ltd | 油中水型乳化組成物 |
JPS6372779A (ja) * | 1986-09-13 | 1988-04-02 | Shiseido Co Ltd | ゲル化剤 |
JPH0249793A (ja) * | 1988-05-20 | 1990-02-20 | General Electric Co <Ge> | ビス(アミノアルキル)ポリジオルガノシロキサンを製造するための方法および中間生成物 |
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JP2009523891A (ja) | 2009-06-25 |
US20070173598A1 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
CN101405334B (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
EP1981937B1 (en) | 2018-06-27 |
PL1981937T3 (pl) | 2019-01-31 |
RU2434893C2 (ru) | 2011-11-27 |
RU2008134121A (ru) | 2010-02-27 |
HK1130275A1 (en) | 2009-12-24 |
JP5671516B2 (ja) | 2015-02-18 |
KR20080093992A (ko) | 2008-10-22 |
EP1981937A1 (en) | 2008-10-22 |
US7531613B2 (en) | 2009-05-12 |
CN101405334A (zh) | 2009-04-08 |
TWI411637B (zh) | 2013-10-11 |
CA2637066A1 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
TW200801095A (en) | 2008-01-01 |
KR101383206B1 (ko) | 2014-04-09 |
WO2007084563A1 (en) | 2007-07-26 |
ES2688604T3 (es) | 2018-11-05 |
CA2637066C (en) | 2014-09-16 |
BRPI0706696A2 (pt) | 2011-04-05 |
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