JP2013013437A - Hemodialyzer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To permit a passage 27 for dialysis original fluid to be cleaned by a cleaning solution prepared at a prescribed concentration.SOLUTION: The hemodialyzer 1 includes a chamber having a supply chamber 21a supplying a fresh dialysis fluid to a dialyzer 2 and a recovery chamber 21b recovering a used dialysis fluid from the dialyzer 2, a water supply passage 25 supplying water to the supply chamber 21a of the chamber, the passage 27 for the dialysis original fluid connected with the water supply passage 25 and supplying the dialysis original fluid, and a passage 28 for an original cleaning solution supplying the original cleaning solution to the supply chamber 21a. A passage 52 for waste cleaning solution is provided in the passage 27 to discharge the cleaning solution discharged from the supply chamber 21a of the chamber to the passage 27. The cleaning solution is flowed in the opposite direction of the dialysis original fluid in the passage 27 and then discharged through the passage for the waste cleaning solution and the passage 27 is cleaned.

Description

  The present invention relates to a hemodialysis apparatus, and relates to a hemodialysis apparatus that prepares a dialysate with a stock solution of dialysate and water in a supply chamber of the chamber, and prepares a wash solution with the stock solution of wash solution and water in the supply chamber.

Conventionally, a chamber having a supply chamber for supplying fresh dialysate to the dialyzer and a recovery chamber for recovering used dialysate from the dialyzer, a water supply passage for supplying water to the supply chamber of the chamber, There is known a hemodialysis apparatus including a dialysate stock solution passage that is connected to a water supply passage and supplies a stock solution of dialysate, and a wash solution stock solution passage that supplies a stock solution of wash fluid to the supply chamber of the chamber.
In such a hemodialysis apparatus, during dialysis treatment, the dialysate stock solution is fed to the supply chamber of the chamber via the dialysate stock solution passage, and the dialysate stock solution and water supply are supplied inside the supply chamber. Dialysate is prepared by water from the passage.
On the other hand, after completion of the dialysis treatment, in order to wash each liquid passage constituting the hemodialysis apparatus, water and a washing liquid stock solution are supplied to the supply chamber from the water supply passage and the washing liquid stock solution passage, respectively. It has come to be prepared (Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 4182461

However, in the case of Patent Document 1, the stock solution of the cleaning solution is configured to flow in the same direction as the stock solution of the dialysate through the dialysate stock solution passage, and thus the dialysate stock solution passage is prepared with a predetermined concentration. It has not been washed with.
In Patent Document 1, a pipe is provided between the dialysate recovery passage connected to the recovery chamber of the chamber and the water supply passage, and the cleaning liquid is supplied to the water supply passage through the pipe, and the dialysis downstream thereof. The stock solution passage and the like are cleaned.
However, in such a configuration, there is a possibility that wastes of blood or the like flowing through the dialysate recovery passage may flow into the water supply passage, and the water supply passage or dialysate stock solution passage may be contaminated. .
In view of such a problem, the present invention provides a hemodialysis apparatus capable of washing a dialysate stock solution passage with a washing liquid prepared to a predetermined concentration.

That is, the hemodialysis apparatus according to claim 1 includes a chamber having a supply chamber for supplying fresh dialysate to the dialyzer and a recovery chamber for recovering used dialysate from the dialyzer, and a supply chamber for the chamber. A water supply passage for supplying water, a dialysate stock solution passage connected to the water supply passage for supplying a stock solution of dialysate, and a cleaning solution stock solution passage for supplying a cleaning solution stock solution to the supply chamber of the chamber,
In the supply chamber, dialysate is prepared from the water from the water supply passage and the dialysate stock solution from the dialysate stock solution passage. In the supply chamber, the dialysate is prepared from the water supply passage and the washing solution stock solution passage. In a hemodialysis machine that prepares a washing solution with a stock solution of washing solution,
Connect to the dialysate stock solution passage and provide a cleaning fluid waste passage,
The cleaning liquid prepared in the supply chamber of the chamber is supplied to the dialysate stock solution passage, and the cleaning liquid is circulated in the dialysate stock solution passage in a direction opposite to the direction of feeding the dialysate stock solution. It is characterized by discharging more.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the cleaning liquid prepared in the supply chamber of the chamber is supplied to the dialysate stock passage by connecting to the dialysate stock path and the cleaning liquid is supplied to the dialysate stock path. Since the washing liquid can be drained from the washing liquid waste passage after flowing in the direction opposite to that of the stock solution, the dialysate stock passage can be washed with the prepared washing liquid, and the waste of blood There is no need to install piping that flows in.

The liquid circuit diagram of the hemodialysis apparatus concerning a present Example. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing at the time of washing | cleaning, Comprising: Operation | movement explanatory drawing at the time of supplying the stock solution of a washing | cleaning liquid to the supply chamber of a chamber. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing at the time of washing | cleaning, Comprising: Operation | movement explanatory drawing at the time of wash | cleaning A liquid tank channel | path. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing at the time of washing | cleaning, Comprising: Operation | movement explanatory drawing at the time of wash | cleaning A liquid equipment channel | path.

The illustrated embodiment will be described below. FIG. 1 shows a liquid circuit of a hemodialysis apparatus 1 for performing dialysis treatment. The hemodialysis apparatus 1 is controlled by a control means (not shown).
The hemodialysis apparatus 1 is connected to a dialyzer 2 that performs dialysis between blood and dialysate by diffusion, ultrafiltration, and osmotic pressure, a blood circuit 3 connected to the dialyzer 2, and a dialyzer 2 The dialysate circuit 4 is provided.
Moreover, the hemodialysis apparatus 1 of this embodiment can prepare a dialysate, and includes an A liquid tank 5 and a B liquid tank 6 for storing A liquid and B liquid which are stock solutions of the dialysis liquid, as well as hospitals and the like. It can be connected to the stock solution supply equipment 7 provided in the facility and provided with the A solution supply port 7A and the B solution supply port 7B.

The blood circuit 3 includes an arterial passage 11 connected to a patient's blood vessel and supplying blood to the dialyzer 2, and a venous passage 12 for returning blood from the dialyzer 2 to the patient. It consists of a tube made of steel.
Puncture needles 11a and 12a are provided at end portions of the artery side passage 11 and the vein side passage 12, respectively, and a blood pump 13 for feeding blood is provided in the artery side passage 11.

The dialysate circuit 4 supplies a first dialysate chamber 21 and a second dialysate chamber 22 for supplying fresh dialysate to the dialyzer 2 and collecting used dialysate, and these first and second dialysate chambers. Between the dialyzer 2 and the first and second dialysate chambers 21 and 22; and between the dialyzer 2 and the first and second dialysate chambers 21 and 22; And a dialysate recovery passage 24 through which the used dialysate is circulated, and these passages are constituted by silicone tubes.
The first dialysate chamber 21 and the second dialysate chamber 22 have the same shape, and supply chambers 21a and 22a for supplying fresh dialysate and two used dialysate are separated by two diaphragms inside. It is divided into collection chambers 21b and 22b for collection, and intermediate chambers 21c and 22c formed between the supply chambers 21a and 22a and the collection chambers 21b and 22b.
A water supply passage 25 for supplying purified water from a purified water supply means (not shown) is connected to the supply chambers 21a and 22a of the first and second dialysate chambers 21 and 22, and purified water is supplied to the water supply passage 25. The liquid supply pump 26 is provided, and the liquid supply pump 26 is branched in two directions on the downstream side of the liquid supply pump 26 and connected to the supply chambers 21a and 22a. Valves V1 and V2 are provided.
The water supply passage 25 is connected to a dialysate stock solution passage 27 for supplying a stock solution of dialysate, which will be described in detail later, whereby water and a stock solution of dialysate are provided inside the supply chambers 21a and 22a. Are mixed to prepare a dialysate.
Further, the water supply passage 25 is connected to a cleaning solution stock solution passage 28 for supplying a stock solution of the cleaning solution, which will be described in detail later, thereby mixing water and the stock solution of the cleaning solution in the supply chambers 21a and 22a. A cleaning solution is prepared.

On the other hand, the recovery chambers 21b and 22b are connected to a dialysate waste fluid passage 29 for discharging the used dialysate to a drainage tank (not shown), and the upstream portion of the dialysate waste fluid passage 29 branches in two directions. Then, drainage valves V3 and V4 that are connected to the respective recovery chambers 21b and 22b and that are opened and closed under the control of the control means are provided at the branch portions.
The intermediate chambers 21c and 22c are filled with silicone oil, and the intermediate chambers 21c and 22c are connected with silicone oil pumps 30A and 30B for increasing and decreasing the silicone oil.
When the silicone oil pumps 30A and 30B supply and discharge the silicone oil, the volumes of the intermediate chambers 21c and 22c increase and decrease. For example, during the dialysis treatment, the silicone oil pumps 30A and 30B are operated to increase the volumes of the intermediate chambers 21c and 22c. By reducing the amount, it is possible to remove water from the blood in the dialyzer 2.

The upstream portion of the dialysate supply passage 23 is branched in two directions and connected to the supply chambers 21a and 22a of the first and second dialysate chambers 21 and 22, respectively. Supply valves V5 and V6 that are opened and closed by the control of are provided.
Further, the downstream portion of the dialysate supply passage 23 can be connected to the dialyzer 2 via the connector 23a, and is detached from the dialyzer 2 when the dialysate circuit 4 is washed.
Furthermore, the dialysate supply passage 23 is provided with a dialysate filter F1 that removes harmful components of the dialysate and a first on-off valve V7 that is opened and closed under the control of the control means.
A primary bypass passage 31 that connects the dialysate supply passage 23 and the dialysate recovery passage 24 is connected to the primary side of the dialysate filter F1, and the first bypass passage 31 is controlled by the control means. A second on-off valve V8 that is opened and closed is provided.
During the dialysis treatment, the first on-off valve V7 is opened and the second on-off valve V8 is closed. For example, when a concentration defect is detected by a concentration sensor (not shown), the first on-off valve V7 is closed. By closing V7 and opening the second on-off valve V8, it is possible to send the defective dialysate to the dialysate recovery passage 24 via the first bypass passage 31 without passing through the dialyzer 2. It has become.

The downstream portion of the dialysate recovery passage 24 branches in two directions and is connected to the recovery chambers 21b and 22b of the first and second dialysate chambers 21 and 22, respectively. Recovery valves V9 and V10 that are opened and closed are provided.
On the other hand, the upstream portion of the dialysate recovery passage 24 can be connected to the dialyzer 2 via a connector 24a. When the dialysate circuit 4 is washed, the dialysate 2 is separated from the dialyzer 2 and supplied with the dialysate. The connector 23a of the passage 23 is connected.
The dialysate recovery passage 24 is provided with a dialysate pump 32 for feeding dialysate, and the first bypass passage 31 is connected between the dialysate pump 32 and the dialyzer 2.
Further, one end of a second water supply passage 33 connecting the dialysate recovery passage 24 and the water supply passage 25 is connected between the dialysate pump 32 and the first bypass passage 31 in the dialysate recovery passage 24. The second water supply passage 33 is provided with a third on-off valve V11 that is opened and closed under the control of the control means.
The other end of the second water supply passage 33 is connected to a position upstream of the connection position of the dialysate stock solution passage 27 in the water supply passage 25.

The dialysate stock solution passage 27 connected to the water supply passage 25 will be described. The dialysate stock solution passage 27 of this embodiment is connected to the A solution tank passage 41 connected to the A solution tank 5 and the B solution tank 6. The B liquid tank passage 42, the A liquid equipment passage 43 connected to the A liquid supply port 7A of the raw liquid supply equipment 7, and the B liquid equipment passage 44 connected to the B liquid supply port 7B. .
One end of the A liquid tank passage 41 is provided with a nozzle 41a that is inserted into the A liquid tank 5 and sucks the A liquid, and the other end is connected to the water supply passage 25. Is provided with a fourth on-off valve V12 for opening and closing the A liquid tank passage 41 under the control of the control means.
Similarly, a nozzle 42a to be inserted into the B liquid tank 6 is provided at one end of the B liquid tank passage 42, the other end is connected to the water supply passage 25, and the B liquid tank passage 42 is connected to the connecting portion. A fifth on-off valve V13 that opens and closes is provided. A connector 43a is provided at one end of the A liquid equipment passage 43, and the connector 43a can be connected to the A liquid supply port 7A of the stock liquid supply equipment 7. ing. The other end is connected to the A liquid tank passage 41, and a sixth open / close valve V14 that opens and closes the A liquid equipment passage 43 under the control of the control means is provided at the connection portion.
Similarly, a connector 44 a that can be connected to the B liquid supply port 7 B of the stock solution supply equipment 7 is provided at one end of the B liquid equipment passage 44, and the other end is connected to the B liquid tank passage 42. A seventh opening / closing valve V15 for opening and closing the B liquid facility passage 44 is provided at the connection portion.
Further, upstream of the connection portions of the A and B liquid tank passages 41 and 42 in the A and B liquid tank passages 41 and 42, the A and B liquid tank passages are respectively controlled by the control means. Eighth and ninth on-off valves V16 and V17 that open and close 41 and 42 are provided.
With the above configuration, for example, when preparing dialysate using A liquid and B liquid of B liquid tanks 5 and 6, the nozzles 41a and 42a are inserted into the A liquid and B liquid tanks 5 and 6, respectively. Further, the fourth and fifth on-off valves V12 of the A liquid and B liquid tank passages 41 and 42 are closed with the sixth and seventh on-off valves V14 and V15 of the A liquid and B liquid passages 43 and 44 closed. , V13 and the eighth and ninth on-off valves V16, V17 are opened.
On the other hand, when preparing dialysate using the A liquid and B liquid of the stock solution supply equipment 7, the nozzles 41a and 41b are used in a state where they are separated from the A liquid and B liquid tanks 5 and 6, respectively. The sixth and seventh on-off valves V14 and V15 of the A and B liquid equipment passages 43 and 44 are opened, and the fourth and fifth on-off valves V12 of the A and B liquid tank passages 41 and 42 are opened. , V13 is opened, and the eighth and ninth on-off valves V16, V17 are further closed.

The cleaning liquid stock path 28 connected to the water supply path 25 will be described. One end of the cleaning liquid stock path 28 of this embodiment is connected to a cleaning liquid tank 51 that stores the stock solution of the cleaning liquid, and the other end is branched and the other end is the above. Connected to the water supply passage 25, the other end is further branched and connected to two sheaths 53a and 54a as housing members for housing the nozzles 41a and 42a, which constitute a cleaning liquid waste fluid passage 52 described later.
A connecting portion between the cleaning liquid stock solution passage 28 and the water supply passage 25 is provided with a tenth on-off valve V18 that opens and closes the cleaning liquid stock solution passage 28 under the control of the control means, and the cleaning liquid stock solution passage 28 is connected to the water supply passage 25. The eleventh on-off valve V19 is provided at a branching portion that branches into the cleaning liquid waste liquid passage 52.

In the hemodialysis apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the cleaning liquid prepared from the stock solution of the cleaning liquid is circulated through the dialysate stock solution passage 27 to be cleaned, and the cleaning liquid used for the cleaning is discharged. Therefore, a washing liquid waste passage 52 is connected to the dialysate stock passage 27.
More specifically, the cleaning liquid waste liquid passage 52 of the present embodiment discharges the cleaning liquid in the A liquid tank passage 41 for discharging the cleaning liquid in the A liquid tank passage 41 and the cleaning liquid in the B liquid tank passage 42. B liquid tank passage cleaning passage 54, A liquid equipment passage cleaning passage 55 for discharging the cleaning liquid in the A liquid equipment passage 43, and B liquid equipment passage cleaning for discharging the cleaning liquid in the B liquid equipment passage 44. And a passage 56.
One end of the A liquid tank passage washing passage 53 is connected to the dialysate waste liquid passage 29, and the other end is provided with a sheath 53a for accommodating a nozzle 41a provided at an end of the A liquid tank passage 41, Further, in the vicinity of the sheath 53a, a twelfth on-off valve V20 is provided for opening and closing the A liquid tank passage cleaning passage 53 under the control of the control means.
The sheath 53a is larger in diameter than the nozzle 41a and has a bottomed cylindrical shape. The cleaning liquid can be stored inside the sheath 53a, and the A liquid tank passage cleaning passage 53 is connected to the upper portion thereof. The cleaning liquid stock passage 28 is connected below the sheath 53a.
Similarly, the B liquid tank passage washing passage 54 has one end connected to the A liquid tank passage washing passage 53 and communicated with the dialysate waste liquid passage 29, and the other end is connected to the nozzle of the B liquid tank passage 42. A sheath 54a for accommodating 42a is provided, and a thirteenth on-off valve V21 for opening and closing the B liquid tank passage cleaning passage 54 is provided in the vicinity of the sheath 54a.
Next, a connector 55a that can be connected to the connector 43a of the A liquid equipment passage 43 is provided at one end of the A liquid equipment passage cleaning passage 55, and the other end is connected to the cleaning liquid stock liquid passage 28. One end of the liquid equipment passage cleaning passage 56 is provided with a connector 56 a that can be connected to the connector 44 a of the B liquid equipment passage 44, and the other end is connected to the cleaning liquid stock solution passage 28.
With such a configuration, the A liquid and B liquid equipment passage cleaning passages 55 and 56 are connected to the A liquid tank passage cleaning passage 53 or the B liquid tank passage cleaning passage via the cleaning liquid stock passage 28 and the sheaths 53a and 54a. 54 and further communicates with the dialysate waste liquid passage 29 through the A liquid and B liquid tank passage cleaning passages 53 and 54.
That is, the cleaning liquid can be drained from the dialysate waste liquid passage 29 by flowing the cleaning liquid through the A liquid and B liquid equipment passage cleaning paths 55 and 56.

Hereinafter, the operation of the hemodialysis apparatus 1 having the above configuration will be described. First, a description will be given of the operation when dialysis treatment is performed by preparing dialysate using the A and B solutions in the A solution tank 5 and the B solution tank 6.
At this time, the nozzles 41a and 42a of the A and B liquid tank passages 41 and 42 are removed from the sheaths 53a and 54a of the A and B liquid tank passage cleaning passages 53 and 54, respectively. 5 and 6 are inserted.
On the other hand, the A liquid and B liquid equipment passages 43 and 44 are not connected to the A liquid and B liquid supply ports 7A and 7B of the raw liquid supply equipment 7, and the eighth and ninth opening and closing of the cleaning liquid raw liquid passage 28 are performed. The valves V16 and V17 are closed.
Further, the fourth and fifth on-off valves V12 and V13 of the A and B liquid tank passages 41 and 42 are closed, and the liquid supply valve V1 and the drain valve V3 adjacent to the first dialysate chamber 21 are opened. At the same time, the supply valve V5 and the recovery valve V9 are closed.
On the other hand, the feed pump 26 of the water supply passage 25 is operated to supply a predetermined amount of purified water to the feed chamber 21a of the first dialysate chamber 21, and then the feed pump 26 is stopped.
Subsequently, the fourth on-off valve V12 of the A liquid tank passage 41 is opened, and the silicone oil pump 30A of the first dialysate chamber 21 is operated to reduce the volume of the intermediate chamber 21c. A predetermined amount of A liquid is supplied from the A liquid tank 5 to the supply chamber 21a.
Further, the fourth on-off valve V12 is closed and the fifth on-off valve V13 of the B liquid tank passage 42 is opened, and the volume of the intermediate chamber 21c is reduced by the silicone oil pump 30A, whereby the B liquid tank passage 42 is opened. Through the B liquid tank 6, a predetermined amount of B liquid is supplied to the supply chamber 21a.
And after closing the said 4th, 5th on-off valve V12, V13, by supplying purified water to the supply chamber 21a again by the said feed pump, purified water is supplied to the inside of this supply chamber 21a at a predetermined ratio, A liquid and B liquid are stored, and these are mixed to prepare a dialysate.
When the dialysate is prepared in the supply chamber 21a in this way, the same amount of used dialysate is discharged from the recovery chamber 21b to the dialysate waste liquid passage 29. At this time, the silicone oil pump 30A must be operated. The dialysate prepared in the supply chamber 21a and the dialysate discharged from the recovery chamber 21b are the same amount.
At this time, when the volume of the intermediate chamber 21c is decreased by operating the silicone oil pump 30A, the amount of dialysate recovered in the recovery chamber 21b increases and water is removed from the blood in the dialyzer 2 by negative pressure. It is possible.
On the other hand, the second dialysate chamber 22 opens the adjacent supply valve V6 and the recovery valve V10, and closes the supply valve V2 and the drainage valve V4, so that the recovery chamber 22b contains the dialysate. The used dialysate sent by the pump 32 flows in, and at the same time, the same amount of fresh dialysate is supplied from the supply chamber 22 a to the dialyzer 2 through the dialysate supply passage 23.
Thereafter, the control means alternately opens and closes the liquid supply valves V1 and V2, the drainage valves V3 and V4, the supply valves V5 and V6, and the recovery valves V9 and V10, whereby the first and second dialysate chambers 21, The fresh dialysate from 22 is supplied to the dialyzer 2 via the dialysate supply passage 23, and the used dialysate that has passed through the dialyzer 2 is supplied to the first and second via the dialysate recovery passage 24. It collect | recovers by the dialysate chambers 21 and 22, and a dialysis treatment is performed.

After the dialysis treatment is thus completed, in the hemodialysis apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the dialysate supply passage 23 and the dialysate recovery passage 24 are separated from the dialyzer 2, and these are mutually connected by the connectors 23a and 24a. The dialysate circuit 4 and the dialysate stock solution passage 27 are washed as follows.
First, the nozzles 41a and 42a provided at the end portions of the A liquid and B liquid tank passages 41 and 42 are removed from the A liquid and B liquid tanks 5 and 6, respectively. 54 is inserted into the sheaths 53a and 54a (FIG. 2).
The fourth and fifth on-off valves V12 and V13 of the A and B liquid tank passages 41 and 42 are closed, and the sixth and seventh on-off valves V14 and V15 of the A and B liquid passages 43 and 44 are closed. Close.
Furthermore, the supply valve V1 and the drainage valve V3 adjacent to the first dialysate chamber 21 are opened, and the supply valve V5 and the recovery valve V9 are closed.
Then, the tenth and eleventh on-off valves V18 and V19 of the cleaning liquid stock passage 28 are opened.
In this state, by operating the silicone oil pump 30A of the first dialysate chamber 21 to reduce the volume of the intermediate chamber 21c, the stock solution of the cleaning solution in the cleaning solution tank 51 is supplied to the supply chamber 21a.
When a predetermined amount of the cleaning liquid stock solution is supplied to the supply chamber 21a of the first dialysate chamber 21 as described above, the tenth and eleventh on-off valves V18 and V19 of the cleaning liquid raw material passage 28 are subsequently closed, and the water The liquid supply pump 26 in the supply passage 25 is operated.
Thereby, purified water is supplied to the supply chamber 21a, and the stock solution of the cleaning liquid and the purified water are mixed inside the supply chamber 21a to prepare a cleaning liquid having a predetermined concentration.

When the cleaning liquid is prepared in the supply chamber 21a of the first dialysate chamber 21 in this way, the A liquid tank passage 41 and the B liquid tank passage 42 are sequentially cleaned with the prepared cleaning liquid (FIG. 3). .
Specifically, first, the fourth on-off valve V12 and the eighth on-off valve V16 of the A liquid tank passage 41 and the twelfth on-off valve V20 of the A liquid tank passage cleaning passage 53 are opened to clean the B liquid tank passage. The thirteenth on-off valve V21 in the passage 54 is closed.
In the first dialysate chamber 21, the adjacent water supply valve V <b> 1 and the recovery valve V <b> 9 are opened, the waste liquid valve V <b> 3 and the supply valve V <b> 5 are closed, and the second water supply passage connected to the dialysate recovery passage 24. The third on-off valve V11 of 33 is opened and the dialysate pump 32 is operated.
Then, the purified water flows into the recovery chamber 21b of the first dialysate chamber 21 through the second water supply passage 33, whereby the cleaning liquid prepared in the supply chamber 21a flows out to the water supply passage 25.
Thereafter, the cleaning liquid flows into the A liquid tank passage 41. At this time, the cleaning liquid reaches the nozzle 41a by flowing through the A liquid tank path 41 in the direction opposite to the flow direction of the A liquid during dialysis treatment. To do.
Since the nozzle 41a is accommodated in the sheath 53a of the A liquid tank passage cleaning passage 53, the cleaning liquid flows out from the nozzle 41a and flows into the sheath 53a.
In the sheath 53a, when the cleaning liquid level gradually rises and the cleaning liquid level reaches the connection position of the A liquid tank passage cleaning passage 53, the cleaning liquid then flows through the A liquid tank passage cleaning passage 53. Then, it flows into the dialysate waste liquid passage 29 and is drained.
By this operation, the A liquid tank passage 41 is cleaned by circulating the cleaning liquid adjusted to a predetermined concentration. In addition, since the cleaning liquid flows from the nozzle 41a in the nozzle 41a, the nozzle 41a is reliably cleaned. Is possible.
When the cleaning of the A liquid tank passage 41 is completed, the B liquid tank passage 42 is subsequently cleaned, but the operation is the same as the cleaning of the A liquid tank passage 41, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

When the washing of the A liquid tank passage 41 and the B liquid tank passage 42 is completed in this way, the fourth and fifth on-off valves V12 and V13 of the A liquid and B liquid tank passages 41 and 42 are closed, and the above The third on-off valve V11 of the second water supply passage 33 is closed.
Thereafter, the tenth and eleventh on-off valves V18 and V19 in the cleaning liquid stock passage 28 are opened, and the supply valves V1 and V2 and the drainage valve V3 adjacent to the first and second dialysate chambers 21 and 22 are opened. V4, supply valves V5 and V6, and recovery valves V9 and V10 are alternately opened and closed.
As a result, the cleaning solution is alternately prepared in the supply chambers 21a and 22a of the first and second dialysate chambers 21 and 22, and this cleaning solution flows through the dialysate supply passage 23 and the dialysate recovery passage 24 and passes them through. After being washed and further alternately collected in the collection chambers 21b and 22b of the first and second dialysate chambers 21 and 22, they are discharged from the dialysate waste liquid passage 29.

Next, FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the operation when washing the A liquid and B liquid equipment passages 43 and 44 when dialysate is prepared by using the A liquid and B liquid of the stock liquid supply equipment 7. It has become. In FIG. 4, it is assumed that a cleaning liquid having a predetermined concentration has been prepared in the supply chamber 21a of the first dialysate chamber 21 as shown in FIG.
When cleaning the A liquid and B liquid equipment passages 43 and 44, the A liquid and B liquid equipment passages 43 and 44 connected to the A liquid and B liquid supply ports 7A and 7B of the raw liquid supply equipment 7 until then are connected. The connectors 43a and 44a are respectively connected to the connectors 55a and 56a of the A liquid and B liquid equipment passage cleaning passages 55 and 56, respectively.
Further, the sheaths 53a and 54a of the A liquid and B liquid tank passage cleaning passages 53 and 54 are attached to the nozzles 41a and 42a of the A liquid and B liquid tank passages 41 and 42, respectively.
When the A liquid equipment passage 43 is first cleaned, the fourth on-off valve V12 of the A liquid tank passage 41 is opened and the eighth on-off valve V16 is closed, and the twelfth on-off valve of the A liquid tank passage cleaning passage 53 is opened. V20 is opened, the tenth and eleventh on-off valves V18 and V19 of the cleaning liquid stock passage 28 are closed, and the sixth on-off valve V14 of the A liquid equipment passage cleaning passage 55 is opened.
In the first dialysate chamber 21, the adjacent water supply valve V <b> 1 and the recovery valve V <b> 9 are opened, the waste liquid valve V <b> 3 and the supply valve V <b> 5 are closed, and the second water supply passage connected to the dialysate recovery passage 24. The third open / close valve V11 is opened.
When the dialysate pump 32 in the dialysate recovery passage 24 is operated in this state, water flows into the recovery chamber 21b of the first dialysate chamber 21, and the cleaning fluid in the supply chamber 21a is supplied from the water supply passage 25 to the A liquid tank passage 41. Flow into.
Thereafter, the cleaning liquid flows from the A liquid tank passage 41 into the A liquid equipment passage 43. At this time, the cleaning liquid flows through the A liquid equipment passage 43 in the direction opposite to the flow direction of the A liquid during dialysis treatment. The A liquid equipment passage cleaning passage 55 is circulated.
Then, the cleaning liquid flowing through the A liquid facility passage cleaning passage 55 flows into the cleaning liquid stock liquid passage 28 and then flows to the sheath 53a of the A liquid tank passage cleaning passage 53, and then dialyzes from the A liquid tank passage cleaning passage 53. The liquid is discharged through the liquid waste liquid passage 29.
After the cleaning of the A liquid equipment passage 43 is completed in this way, the B liquid equipment passage 44 is continuously cleaned, but the operation is the same as the cleaning of the A liquid equipment passage 43, and detailed description thereof is omitted. To do.

As described above, according to the hemodialysis apparatus 1 in the present embodiment, the dialysate stock solution passage 27 through which the liquid A and the liquid B after dialysis treatment can be washed with the washing liquid adjusted to a predetermined concentration.
At this time, the prepared cleaning liquid is passed through the A liquid and B liquid tank passages 41 and 42, the A liquid, and the B liquid equipment passages 43 and 44 in the direction opposite to the flow direction of the A liquid and the B liquid during dialysis treatment. Even if it is the hemodialysis apparatus 1 which has complicated piping like the said Example, this can be wash | cleaned.
On the other hand, in Patent Document 1, the dialysate stock solution passage is washed by circulating an unprepared wash solution, and reliable washing is not performed, and the prepared wash solution is supplied to the dialysate collection passage and the water supply. Since it is not necessary to circulate the dialysate stock solution passage after the passage, the waste in the blood does not flow into the water supply passage 25 or the stock solution supply passage, and these passages are not contaminated. .

In addition, although the said Example demonstrated the hemodialysis apparatus 1 which was equipped with the A liquid and B liquid tanks 5 and 6 and was connectable also to the undiluted solution supply equipment 7, the hemodialysis which supplies A liquid and B liquid from either one Even the apparatus 1 can clean the stock solution supply passage by the same method.
For example, when the supply of the A liquid and the B liquid is received only from the stock solution supply equipment 7, the A liquid and B liquid tank passages 41 and 42, the A liquid and the B liquid tank passage cleaning passages 53 and 54 may be omitted from the above embodiment. At this time, the A liquid and B liquid equipment passage cleaning passages 55 and 56 may be configured to be directly connected to the dialysate waste liquid passage 29 unlike the above embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hemodialysis apparatus 2 Dialyser 5 A liquid tank 6 B liquid tank 7 Stock solution supply equipment 21 1st dialysate chamber 22 2nd dialysate chamber 25 Water supply passage 27 Dialysate stock solution passage 28 Washing solution stock passage 33 Second water supply passage 41 A liquid tank passage 42 B liquid tank passage 43 A liquid equipment passage 44 B liquid equipment passage 51 Cleaning liquid tank 52 cleaning liquid waste liquid passage 53 A liquid tank passage cleaning passage 54 B liquid tank passage cleaning passage 55 A liquid equipment passage cleaning passage 56 B Liquid equipment passage washing passage

Claims (5)

A chamber having a supply chamber for supplying fresh dialysate to the dialyzer and a recovery chamber for recovering used dialysate from the dialyzer, a water supply passage for supplying water to the supply chamber of the chamber, and the water supply A dialysate stock solution passage connected to the passage for supplying a stock solution of dialysate, and a wash solution stock solution passage for supplying a stock solution of the wash solution to the supply chamber of the chamber;
In the supply chamber, dialysate is prepared from the water from the water supply passage and the dialysate stock solution from the dialysate stock solution passage. In the supply chamber, the dialysate is prepared from the water supply passage and the washing solution stock solution passage. In a hemodialysis machine that prepares a washing solution with a stock solution of washing solution,
Connect to the dialysate stock solution passage and provide a cleaning fluid waste passage,
The cleaning liquid prepared in the supply chamber of the chamber is supplied to the dialysate stock solution passage, and the cleaning liquid is circulated in the dialysate stock solution passage in a direction opposite to the direction of feeding the dialysate stock solution. A hemodialysis apparatus characterized by discharging more. Providing a dialysate drainage passage for draining spent dialysate from the collection chamber of the chamber,
2. The hemodialysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the washing liquid waste fluid passage is provided between the dialysate raw fluid passage and the dialysate waste fluid passage. The supply chamber and the recovery chamber of the chamber are partitioned by a flexible diaphragm,
A second water supply passage is provided between the dialysate recovery passage provided between the recovery chamber of the chamber and the dialyzer and a position upstream of the connection position of the dialysate stock solution passage in the water supply passage. Provided,
When the cleaning liquid is prepared in the supply chamber of the chamber, water is supplied to the recovery chamber of the chamber through the water supply passage and the second water supply passage, and the cleaning liquid in the supply chamber is changed by deforming the diaphragm. The hemodialysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hemodialysis apparatus is supplied to the dialysate stock solution passage. Provided at one end of the dialysate stock passage with a nozzle to be inserted into a stock tank for storing the dialysate stock solution, and provided with a housing member for housing the nozzle in the cleaning fluid waste passage,
4. When the dialysate stock solution passage is washed, a nozzle is accommodated in the accommodating member, and the cleaning liquid is discharged from the inside of the nozzle to the accommodating member. 5. Hemodialysis machine. Supply the dialysate stock solution from the dialysate stock supply equipment to the dialysate stock passage,
Furthermore, a connector is provided at the end of the dialysate stock solution passage so that the connector can be connected to the dialysate stock supply facility, and the connector can be connected to the cleaning fluid waste passage,
The hemodialysis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when the dialysate stock solution passage is washed, the dialysate stock solution passage and the wash solution waste fluid passage are communicated with each other by the connector.

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