JP2020103709A - Blood purifying device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a blood purifying device which can secure a sufficient dialysate solution required in a blood reinfusion process at the time of power outage, and can execute a blood reinfusion process at the time of power outage by applying a device configuration required at the time of blood purification treatment.SOLUTION: A blood purifying device includes: a dual pump 5 for sending a dialysate solution of a dialysate solution introduction line L1 to a dialyzer 4, and sending a dialysate solution of the dialyzer 4 to a dialysate solution discharge line L2; an air introduction part; a bypass line for bypassing the dual pump 5; a standby power source B for supplying power at least to a blood pump 2; and a control part 11 for driving the blood pump 2 by power supply from the standby power source B when power supply to the device is stopped, introducing a dialysate solution of the dialysate solution introduction line L1 and the dialysate solution discharge line L2, including a dialysate solution of the bypass line to a blood circuit 1 while introducing air from the air introduction part, and executing a blood reinfusion process of returning blood in the blood circuit 1 to a patient at the time of power outage.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a blood purification device for purifying blood circulating extracorporeally in a blood circuit with a blood purifier.

In general, a dialysis device as a blood purification device used for dialysis treatment supplies a dialysate to a dialyzer (blood purification device) connected to a blood circuit, and discharges the dialysate containing waste products from the dialyzer by dialysis. The dialysate introduction line and the dialysate discharge line are extended in order to do so. The dialysate introduction line and the dialysate discharge line are connected at their tips to the dialysate inlet and dialysate outlet of the dialyzer, respectively, and the base ends of the dialysate inlet line are connected to the dialysate supply device. Is being supplied with dialysate.

By the way, recently, a dialysis fluid to be supplied to the dialyzer during dialysis treatment is also guided to the blood circuit side, and the dialysis fluid performs priming of the blood circuit, replacement fluid during dialysis treatment, or blood return after dialysis treatment. The technology to make it come to be proposed. However, in such a blood purification device, although a saline line for supplying physiological saline to the blood circuit can be dispensed with, due to a power failure or the like, various actuators in the dialysis device and the dialysis liquid can be supplied to the dialysis device. If the supplied dialysate supply device is stopped, the blood in the blood circuit cannot be returned to the patient.

In order to eliminate such problems, conventionally, a storage container for storing dialysate is provided, and when the power supply is stopped due to a power outage, etc., a replacement fluid pump, a blood pump, and a sealed dialysate are supplied by the power supply from an auxiliary power source. It has been proposed to operate an opening means for opening the circuit to the outside, a control means, and the like to send the dialysate in the storage container to the blood circuit to return blood (for example, see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 5519427

However, in the above-described conventional blood purification apparatus, since the storage container is required only during a power failure, its capacity cannot be increased so much that sufficient dialysate for blood return can be secured. There is a problem that it is difficult. In addition, since a storage container different from the device configuration required for normal blood purification treatment is required, there is a problem that the device configuration becomes complicated.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and while it is possible to secure a sufficient dialysate required in the blood returning step at the time of power failure, the device configuration necessary for blood purification treatment is diverted. Another object of the present invention is to provide a blood purification device capable of executing a blood returning process during a power failure.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a blood circuit for circulating blood extracorporeally in a state where a blood purifier for purifying the blood of a patient is interposed, and blood for delivering blood by being arranged in the blood circuit. A pump, a dialysate introduction line for introducing dialysate into the blood purifier, a dialysate discharge line for discharging dialysate from the blood purifier, and a dialysate for the dialysate introduction line to the blood purifier. A liquid delivery part for delivering the dialysate of the blood purifier to the dialysate discharge line, and an air introduction part for introducing external air to the dialysate introduction line or the dialysate discharge line, and the dialysis. When the power supply to the device is stopped, a bypass line that bypasses the liquid delivery part in the fluid introduction line or the dialysate discharge line, at least a standby power supply that supplies power to the blood pump, and the power supply to the device is stopped The dialysate in the dialysate introduction line or the dialysate discharge line containing the dialysate in the bypass line while driving the blood pump by the power supply from the standby power source and introducing air from the air introduction part And a control unit that executes a blood returning step at the time of a power failure in which the blood in the blood circuit is returned to the patient.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the blood purification apparatus according to the first aspect, the air introducing section is located upstream of the liquid delivery section of the dialysate introduction line or downstream of the fluid delivery section of the dialysate discharge line. Formed on the side.

A third aspect of the present invention is the blood purification apparatus according to the first or second aspect, wherein the air introducing portion is connected to the blood circuit to discharge the liquid in the blood circuit to the dialysate discharge line. This is the discharge port.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is the blood purification apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein a plurality of the bypass lines are formed and the control unit controls the dialysate of the plurality of the bypass lines. The dialysate in the dialysate introduction line or the dialysate discharge line containing the dialysate is introduced into the blood circuit.

The invention according to claim 5 is the blood purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the dialysate formed in the dialysate introduction line and flowing through the dialysate introduction line is filtered and purified. A filtration filter is provided, and the dialysate that has passed through the filtration filter is introduced into the blood circuit in the blood returning step during the power failure.

The invention according to claim 6 is the blood purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the dialysate introduction line and the blood circuit are communicated with each other, and the dialysate in the dialysate introduction line is connected to the dialysate. In addition to having a supply channel for supplying the blood circuit, the dialysate is introduced into the blood circuit via the supply channel in the blood returning step during the power failure.

The invention according to claim 7 is the blood purification apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a supply pump which is formed in the supply flow path and supplies the dialysate in the dialysate introduction line to the blood circuit. In the blood returning step, the blood pump and the supply pump are driven by the power supply from the standby power supply.

According to the invention of claim 1, when the power supply to the device is stopped, the blood pump is driven by the power supply from the standby power source, and the dialysate containing the dialysate in the bypass line while introducing the air from the air introduction part. The dialysate in the introduction line or the dialysate discharge line is introduced into the blood circuit, and the blood return process at the time of power failure that returns blood in the blood circuit to the patient is executed. It is possible to secure a sufficient dialysate, and to divert the blood flow returning process at the time of power failure by diverting the device configuration required for blood purification treatment.

According to the invention of claim 2, since the air introduction part is formed on the upstream side of the liquid feed part of the dialysate introduction line or on the downstream side of the liquid feed part of the dialysate discharge line, in the blood returning step during a power failure. As a result, a sufficient amount of dialysate can be secured.

According to the invention of claim 3, since the air introducing portion is a discharge port which is connected to the blood circuit and discharges the liquid in the blood circuit to the dialysate discharge line, the discharge port discharges the liquid in the blood circuit. It is possible to have both the function of making it work and the function of an air inlet for the blood returning process at the time of power failure.

According to the invention of claim 4, a plurality of bypass lines are formed, and the control unit introduces the dialysate in the dialysate introduction line or the dialysate discharge line containing the dialysate in the plurality of bypass lines into the blood circuit. Therefore, the dialysate in a plurality of bypass lines can be used in the blood returning step at the time of power failure, and a more sufficient amount of dialysate can be secured.

According to the invention of claim 5, a filter is provided which is formed in the dialysate introduction line and filters and purifies the dialysate flowing through the dialysate introduction line, and passes through the filtration filter in the blood returning step at the time of power failure. Since the dialysate thus prepared is introduced into the blood circuit, it is possible to perform the blood returning step with a clean dialysate at the time of power failure.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the dialysate introduction line and the blood circuit are connected to each other, and the blood circuit has a supply channel for supplying the dialysate of the dialysate introduction line to the blood circuit. Since the dialysate is introduced into the blood circuit via the supply channel, the blood returning step at the time of power failure can be smoothly performed.

According to the invention of claim 7, it is provided with a supply pump which is formed in the supply flow path and supplies the dialysate in the dialysate introduction line to the blood circuit. As a result, the blood pump and the supply pump are driven, so that the blood returning step at the time of power failure can be performed in a short time.

The schematic diagram which shows the hemodialysis apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of the blood-returning process (1st blood-returning process) at the time of a power failure by the same hemodialysis apparatus. The schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of the blood-returning process (2nd blood-returning process) at the time of a power failure by the same blood purification apparatus. The schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of the blood-returning process at the time of a power failure by the hemodialysis apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of the blood-returning process at the time of a power failure by the hemodialysis apparatus which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of the blood-returning process at the time of a power failure by the hemodialysis apparatus which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. The schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of the blood-returning process at the time of a power failure by the hemodialysis apparatus which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
The blood purification apparatus according to the first embodiment is applied to a hemodialysis apparatus, and as shown in FIG. 1, a blood circuit 1 including an arterial blood circuit 1a and a venous blood circuit 1b, and a blood pump 2 A dialyzer 4 as a blood purifier, a double pump 5 as a liquid delivery unit, a dialysate introduction line L1 and a dialysate discharge line L2, filtration filters 7a and 7b, a control unit 11, and a standby power supply B. Is configured.

The blood circuit 1 is composed of a flexible tube for circulating the blood of the patient outside the body, and has an arterial blood circuit 1a and a venous blood circuit 1b. A connector for attaching the arterial puncture needle a is formed at the tip of the arterial blood circuit 1a, and a connector for attaching the vein puncture needle b is formed at the tip of the venous blood circuit 1b. By puncturing the patient with the artery-side puncture needle a and the venous-side puncture needle b and driving the blood pump 2, the blood of the patient can be circulated extracorporeally in the blood circuit 1. The arterial blood pump 1a has a clamp part Va capable of closing the blood flow path at its tip, and the venous blood pump 1b has a blood flow path clamped at its tip to be closed. It has a clamp part Vb.

The blood pump 2 is arranged in the blood circuit 1 (arterial blood circuit 1a) to feed blood, and liquid is pumped by squeezing a soft and large-diameter pump tube connected to the arterial blood circuit 1a. It consists of a possible ironing pump. Then, when the blood pump 2 is driven (forward rotation drive), the pump tube can be squeezed to allow the blood of the patient to flow from the side of the arterial puncture needle a toward the blood inlet 4a of the dialyzer 4. ..

The dialyzer 4 is for purifying the blood of a patient who circulates extracorporeally and has a blood purification membrane (not shown) (a hollow fiber membrane in the present embodiment, which includes a semipermeable membrane and a filtration membrane) therein. .. The dialyzer 4 has a blood inlet 4a for introducing blood and a blood outlet 4b for discharging the introduced blood, and a dialysate inlet for introducing dialysate by connecting the tip of the dialysate inlet line L1. The mouth 4c and the dialysate discharge line L2 are connected at their ends to form a dialysate outlet 4d for discharging the introduced dialysate.

The blood that circulates extracorporeally in the blood circuit 1 is introduced from the blood introduction port 4a and then brought into contact with the dialysate through the hollow fiber membrane to perform a blood purification action. In the process of extracorporeal circulation, the blood purified by the dialyzer 4 is defoamed in the air trap chamber 3 connected to the vein side blood circuit 1b, and then the patient is passed through the vein side puncture needle b. Will be returned to the body.

On the other hand, a dialysate introduction line L1 and a dialysate discharge line L2 are arranged in the dialyzer main body, and the dialysate introduction line L1 is composed of a pipe for introducing the dialysate into the dialyzer 4 and is also a dialysate discharge line. L2 is composed of a pipe for discharging the dialysate from the die eye riser 4. Specifically, a dialysate supply device (dialysis fluid supply source) and a dialysate discharge means (neither shown) are connected to the proximal ends of the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2, respectively. A double pump 5 (or a chamber or the like in place of it) is arranged across the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2.

The dual pump 5 sends the dialysate from the dialysate introduction line L1 to the dialyzer 4 and also sends the dialysate (drainage) from the dialyzer 4 to the dialysate discharge line L2. It can be driven. Then, by driving the double pump 5, the prepared dialysate is supplied from the dialysate supply device to the dialyzer 4 via the dialysate introduction line L1 and from the dialyzer 4 via the dialysate discharge line L2. The discharged dialysate is configured to reach the dialysate discharge means.

The dialysate introduction line L1 is provided with solenoid valves V1, solenoid valves V3, and solenoid valves V11, a filtration filter (7a, 7b), a heat exchanger 8, a warmer 9, and a supply. The port P1 is connected. The filtration filters (7a, 7b) are for filtering and purifying the dialysate flowing through the dialysate introduction line L1, and the dialysate to be filtered (the dialysate to be filtered) flows through the filter membrane 1 The secondary chamber and the secondary chamber in which the filtered dialysate (dialysate after filtration) flows are configured. The filtration membrane of the filtration filter (7a, 7b) has a property of blocking the air while not allowing the dialysate to pass through.

The heat exchanger 8 introduces the dialysate (drainage) flowing through the dialysate discharge line L2 and transfers the heat of the dialysate (drainage) to the dialysate flowing through the dialysate introduction line L1. It is arranged between the solenoid valve V11 and the warmer 9 in the liquid introduction line L1. The warmer 9 is for heating the dialysate introduced into the dialyzer 4, and is arranged between the heat exchanger 8 and the liquid supply side of the double pump 5. The supply port P1 is composed of a connection portion that can connect the base end of the supply flow path L3 as a priming line, and is connected between the electromagnetic valve V1 and the filtration filter 7b in the dialysate introduction line L1.

The supply flow path L3 connects the dialysate introduction line L1 and the blood circuit 1 (arterial blood circuit 1a in this embodiment) to supply the dialysate of the dialysate introduction line L1 to the blood circuit 1. It consists of a flexible tube. The supply flow path L3 has a clamp portion Vc capable of clamping and closing the flow path of the dialysate, and introducing the dialysate into the blood circuit 1 at an arbitrary timing in the priming step, the replacement fluid step or the blood return step. The dialysate in the line L1 can be supplied.

Further, an electromagnetic valve V2 and an electromagnetic valve V12 are arranged and the degassing chamber 10 is connected to the dialysate discharge line L2. The degassing chamber 10 is composed of a chamber capable of capturing air (air bubbles) contained in the dialysate (drainage), and is arranged between the electromagnetic valve V2 in the dialysate drain line L2 and the drain side of the double pump 5. It is set up. The degassing chamber 10 has a detection unit such as a float that detects the liquid level inside, and a detour line L9 extends from the upper portion.

Further, in the present embodiment, bypass lines L4, L5 and L6 that bypass the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2 are connected, and the bypass lines L4, L5 and L6 are connected to the solenoid valve V4, V5 and V6 are provided respectively. The bypass lines L5 and L6 are connected to the filtration filters 7a and 7b of the dialysate introduction line L1, respectively.

Further, bypass lines (L7, L8, L9) that bypass the drain side of the multiplex pump 5 (liquid transfer section) are connected to the dialysate discharge line L2 according to the present embodiment. Of these, a dewatering pump 6 is connected to the detour line L7, and by driving the dewatering pump 6 in the process of extracorporeally circulating the blood of the patient in the blood circuit 1, water is removed from the blood flowing through the dialyzer 4. It can be removed to remove water.

The bypass line L8 has one end connected to the upstream side of the drainage side of the multiplex pump 5, the other end connected to the downstream side of the drainage side of the multiplex pump 5, and an electromagnetic valve V10. By opening the solenoid valve V10, the dialysate (drainage) flowing through the dialysate drain line L2 bypasses the drain side of the multiplex pump 5 and flows.

The detour line L9 has one end extending from the upper portion of the degassing chamber 10 and the other end side branched into a first detour line L9a and a second detour line L9b. The second bypass line L9b is provided with a solenoid valve V9, and its tip end is connected to the downstream side of the heat exchanger 8 in the dialysate discharge line L2. A solenoid valve V7 and a solenoid valve V8 are arranged in the first bypass line L9a, a discharge port P2 as an air introducing portion is connected between the solenoid valve V7 and the solenoid valve V8, and a tip end thereof is connected to a bypass line L4. It is connected.

The discharge port P2 is composed of a connection port formed on the dialysate discharge line L2 on the downstream side of the multiplex pump 5 (liquid delivery section), and the blood circuit 1 (for example, the arterial puncture needle a and the venous side) after the blood return is completed. The liquid in the blood circuit 1 (for example, the replacement liquid after the blood return is completed) can be discharged to the dialysate discharge line L2 by connecting the puncture needle b to the detached connector, etc. The blood process has an opening through which air can be introduced from the outside.

The standby power supply B is composed of a backup battery that supplies power to at least the blood pump 2 when power supply to the apparatus is stopped due to a power outage of medical equipment or a treatment room. That is, in a normal state, the power is supplied exclusively to the device, and when the power supply to the device is stopped due to a power failure or the like, the blood pump 2 can be supplied with power to perform the blood returning process. There is.

The control unit 11 includes a microcomputer or the like, and when the power supply to the device is stopped, the blood pump 2 is driven by the power supply from the standby power supply B, and the air is introduced from the discharge port P2 (air introduction unit) while the bypass is performed. The blood-returning process at the time of power failure in which the dialysate introduction line L1 or the dialysate discharge line L2 containing the dialysate in the lines (L8, L9) is introduced into the blood circuit 1 and the blood in the blood circuit 1 is returned to the patient. Is what you do.

More specifically, when the power supply to the device is stopped, the control unit 11 supplies the power from the standby power supply B to supply power to the solenoid valves (V1, V2, V4, V6, V7, V11) as shown in FIG. , V12) are closed and the solenoid valves (V3, V5, V8, V9) are opened. At this time, the compound pump 5 is stopped, the clamp part Va is closed, and the clamp parts Vb and Vc are open.

Then, when the blood pump 2 is driven by the power supply from the standby power source B, air is introduced from the outside through the discharge port P2, and the bypass line L9 (a part of the first bypass line L9a and the second bypass line L9b is connected). The dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2 containing the dialysate (including the dialysate) (the dialysate at the portion shown by the bold line in FIG. 2) reaches the supply flow path L3 via the supply port P1, and the blood circuit 1 Will be introduced to.

After that, when air is detected in the degassing chamber 10, the control unit 11 controls the solenoid valves (V1, V2, V4, V6, V7, V9) by supplying power from the standby power source B, as shown in FIG. , V11, V12) are closed and the solenoid valves (V3, V5, V8, V10) are opened to switch the flow path of the dialysate. In addition, the closed state of the clamp part Va and the open state of the clamp parts Vb and Vc are maintained.

Then, when the blood pump 2 is driven by the power supply from the standby power source B, air is introduced from the outside through the discharge port P2 and the dialysate in the bypass line L8 (including a part of the first bypass line L9a) is discharged. The dialysate in the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2 (including the dialysate shown by the thick line in FIG. 2) containing the dialysate reaches the supply flow path L3 via the supply port P1 and is introduced into the blood circuit 1.

By thus introducing the dialysate into the blood circuit 1, it is possible to replace the blood in the blood circuit 1 with the dialysate. Therefore, the blood in the blood circuit 1 is returned to the patient and the blood is returned during a power failure. The process can be performed. In addition, by driving the double pump 5 that consumes a relatively large amount of power without driving the blood pump 2 that consumes a relatively small amount of power, it is possible to execute a blood returning process during a power failure, and thus more reliably return blood. Can be made.

Next, a blood purification device according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The blood purification apparatus according to this embodiment is applied to a hemodialysis apparatus, and has the same device configuration as that of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. That is, the blood purification apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a blood circuit 1, a blood pump 2, a dialyzer 4 as a blood purifier, a dual pump 5 as a liquid delivery unit, a dialysate introduction line L1 and a dialysate discharge. The line L2, the filtration filters 7a and 7b, the control unit 11, and the standby power supply B are included. The same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Here, the air introduction part according to the present embodiment is composed of the base end (the right end in FIG. 4) of the dialysate discharge line L2, and discharges the dialysate (drainage) discharged from the dialyzer 4 while being exposed to the atmosphere. It comprises a part that can be discharged to a means (not shown). The air introduction part (the base end of the dialysate discharge line L2) is composed of an atmosphere opening part formed on the downstream side of the dual pump 5 (liquid transfer part) of the dialysate discharge line L2.

As a result, when the power supply to the device is stopped, the control unit 11 according to the present embodiment drives the blood pump 2 by the power supply from the standby power supply B, and from the atmosphere opening unit at the tip of the dialysate discharge line L2. The dialysate introduction line L1 or the dialysate discharge line L2 containing the dialysate in the bypass line L8 is introduced into the blood circuit 1 while introducing air, and the blood in the blood circuit 1 is returned to the patient. It is configured to perform a blood process.

More specifically, when the power supply to the device is stopped, the control unit 11 supplies the power from the standby power supply B to supply power to the solenoid valves (V1, V2, V4, V6, V7, V8) as shown in FIG. , V9, V11) are closed and the solenoid valves (V3, V5, V10, V12) are opened. At this time, the compound pump 5 is stopped, the clamp part Va is closed, and the clamp parts Vb and Vc are open.

Then, when the blood pump 2 is driven by the power supply from the standby power source B, air is introduced from the outside through the atmosphere opening portion at the tip of the dialysate discharge line L2, and the dialysate introduction containing the dialysate in the bypass line L8 is introduced. The dialysate in the line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2 (the dialysate in the region shown by the thick line in FIG. 4) reaches the supply channel L3 via the supply port P1 and is introduced into the blood circuit 1. By thus introducing the dialysate into the blood circuit 1, it is possible to replace the blood in the blood circuit 1 with the dialysate. Therefore, the blood in the blood circuit 1 is returned to the patient and the blood is returned during a power failure. The process can be performed.

Next, a blood purification device according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The blood purification apparatus according to the present embodiment is applied to a hemodialysis apparatus, and as shown in FIG. 5, in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, a detour line L10 and a connection line L11 as an air introduction unit. And is configured. That is, the blood purification apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a blood circuit 1, a blood pump 2, a dialyzer 4 as a blood purifier, a dual pump 5 as a liquid delivery unit, a dialysate introduction line L1 and a dialysate discharge. The line L2, the filtration filters 7a and 7b, the control unit 11, the standby power supply B, the bypass line L10, and the connection line L11 are configured. The same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Here, the detour line L10 according to the present embodiment includes a flow path for bypassing the liquid supply side (liquid delivery section) of the multiplex pump 5 in the dialysate introduction line L1, and the solenoid valve V13 is provided. .. In addition, the connection line L11 as an air introduction section has a tip connected between the solenoid valve V11 and the heat exchanger 8 in the dialysate introduction line L1, a base end opened to the atmosphere, and a solenoid valve V14 arranged. It is set up. The air introduction part (connection line L11) is composed of a flow path formed on the upstream side of the dual pump 5 (liquid delivery part) of the dialysate introduction line L1.

As a result, when the power supply to the device is stopped, the control unit 11 according to the present embodiment drives the blood pump 2 by the power supply from the standby power supply B, and at the same time, removes air from the atmosphere opening unit at the tip of the connection line L11. It is configured to introduce the dialysate in the dialysate introduction line L1 containing the dialysate in the bypass line L10 into the blood circuit 1 while introducing it, and to execute the blood returning step at the time of power failure to return the blood in the blood circuit 1 to the patient. ing.

More specifically, when the power supply to the device is stopped, the control unit 11 supplies the power from the standby power supply B to supply power to the solenoid valves (V1, V2, V4, V5, V6, V7) as shown in FIG. , V8, V9, V10, V11, V12) are closed while the solenoid valves (V3, V13, V14) are opened. At this time, the compound pump 5 is stopped, the clamp part Va is closed, and the clamp parts Vb and Vc are open.

When the blood pump 2 is driven by the power supply from the standby power supply B, air is introduced from the outside through the atmosphere opening portion at the tip of the connection line L11, and the dialysate introduction line L1 containing the dialysate in the bypass line L10 is introduced. Dialysate (dialysate in the area indicated by the thick line in FIG. 5) reaches the supply channel L3 via the supply port P1 and is introduced into the blood circuit 1. By thus introducing the dialysate into the blood circuit 1, it is possible to replace the blood in the blood circuit 1 with the dialysate. Therefore, the blood in the blood circuit 1 is returned to the patient and the blood is returned during a power failure. The process can be performed.

Next, a blood purification device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The blood purification apparatus according to the present embodiment is applied to a hemodialysis apparatus. As shown in FIG. 6, in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, a bypass line L10 and a dialysate supply as an air introduction unit are supplied. And a tank T of a device (dialysis fluid supply source). That is, the blood purification apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a blood circuit 1, a blood pump 2, a dialyzer 4 as a blood purifier, a dual pump 5 as a liquid delivery unit, a dialysate introduction line L1 and a dialysate discharge. The line L2, the filtration filters 7a and 7b, the control unit 11, the standby power supply B, the bypass line L10, and the tank T are configured. The same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Here, the detour line L10 according to the present embodiment is formed of a flow path for bypassing the liquid supply side (liquid delivery section) of the multiplex pump 5 in the dialysate introduction line L1 as in the third embodiment, A valve V13 is provided. Further, the tank T of the dialysate supply device (dialysate supply source) as an air introduction part is composed of an accommodation part that is in communication with the dialysate introduction line L1 while accommodating the dialysate, and external air is provided above the accommodation part. Can be introduced. The air introduction part (tank T) is composed of a part formed upstream of the double pump 5 (liquid delivery part) of the dialysate introduction line L1.

As a result, when the power supply to the device is stopped, the control unit 11 according to the present embodiment drives the blood pump 2 by the power supply from the standby power supply B and introduces air from the upper part of the tank T while bypassing the bypass line. The dialysate in the dialysate introduction line L1 containing the dialysate of L10 is introduced into the blood circuit 1, and the blood returning step at the time of power failure is performed to return the blood in the blood circuit 1 to the patient.

More specifically, when the power supply to the device is stopped, the control unit 11 supplies the power from the standby power supply B to supply power to the solenoid valves (V1, V2, V4, V5, V6, V7) as shown in FIG. , V8, V9, V10, V12) are closed while the solenoid valves (V3, V11, V13) are opened. At this time, the compound pump 5 is stopped, the clamp part Va is closed, and the clamp parts Vb and Vc are open.

Then, when the blood pump 2 is driven by the power supply from the standby power source B, air is introduced from the outside through the air layer above the tank T, and the dialysate introduction line L1 (dialysis fluid) of the bypass line L10 containing the dialysate is introduced. The dialysate (including the flow path connecting the liquid introduction line L1 and the tank T) (the dialysate in the portion indicated by the thick line in FIG. 6) reaches the supply flow path L3 via the supply port P1 and is introduced into the blood circuit 1. To be done. By thus introducing the dialysate into the blood circuit 1, it is possible to replace the blood in the blood circuit 1 with the dialysate. Therefore, the blood in the blood circuit 1 is returned to the patient and the blood is returned during a power failure. The process can be performed.

Next, a blood purification device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The blood purification apparatus according to the present embodiment is applied to a hemodialysis apparatus, and as shown in FIG. 7, the tip of the supply flow path L3 in the configuration of the first embodiment is connected to the venous blood circuit 1b. In addition, a supply pump M composed of an ironing pump is provided in the supply passage L3. That is, the blood purification apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a blood circuit 1, a blood pump 2, a dialyzer 4 as a blood purifier, a dual pump 5 as a liquid delivery unit, a dialysate introduction line L1 and a dialysate discharge. The line L2, the filtration filters 7a and 7b, the control unit 11, the standby power source B, and the supply flow path L3 in which the supply pump M is arranged are configured. The same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The supply pump M is formed in the supply flow path L3 and supplies the dialysate in the dialysate introduction line L1 to the blood circuit 1 (venous blood circuit 1b). The blood pump 2 and the supply pump M are configured to be driven by the electric power supplied from. Here, as in the first embodiment, the air introduction unit is composed of the discharge port P2 and also contains the dialysate of the bypass line L8 and the bypass line L9 (including the first bypass line L9a and the second bypass line L9b). The dialysate in the dialysate introduction line L1 or the dialysate discharge line L2 can be supplied to the blood circuit 1.

As a result, when the power supply to the device is stopped, the control unit 11 according to the present embodiment drives the blood pump 2 by the power supply from the standby power supply B and introduces air from the discharge port P2 (air introduction unit). While introducing the dialysate in the dialysate introduction line L1 or the dialysate discharge line L2 containing the dialysate in the bypass lines (L8, L9) into the blood circuit 1 and returning the blood in the blood circuit 1 to the patient, during a power failure The blood returning process is configured to be performed (see the blood returning process at the time of power failure in the first embodiment).

Here, in the present embodiment, the blood pump 2 and the supply pump M are configured to be driven by the power supply from the standby power supply B in the blood returning process at the time of power failure. For example, in the blood returning step at the time of power failure, as shown in FIG. 7, the supply pump M is driven to introduce the dialysate in the dialysate introduction line L1 into the blood circuit 1, and the blood pump 2 is driven in reverse rotation. If controlled, both the blood in the arterial blood circuit 1a and the blood in the venous blood circuit 1b can be returned simultaneously.

According to the first to fifth embodiments described above, when the power supply to the device is stopped due to a power failure or the like, the blood pump 2 is driven by the power supply from the standby power supply B, and the air is introduced from the air introduction unit to bypass the blood pump 2. Since the dialysate of the dialysate introduction line L1 or the dialysate discharge line L2 containing the dialysate of the line is introduced into the blood circuit 1 and the blood return process at the time of power failure for returning the blood in the blood circuit 1 to the patient is executed, It is possible to secure a sufficient dialysate required in the blood return process at the time of power failure, and to execute the blood return process at the time of power failure by diverting the device configuration necessary for blood purification treatment.

In addition, the air introduction part for introducing the external air to the dialysate introduction line L1 or the dialysate discharge line L2 is located upstream of the compound pump 5 (delivery part) of the dialysate introduction line L1 or the compound type of the dialysate discharge line L2. Since it is formed on the downstream side of the pump 5 (liquid delivery section), it is possible to secure a sufficient amount of dialysate in the blood returning step during a power failure.

Further, according to the first embodiment and the fifth embodiment, the air introduction unit for introducing the external air into the dialysate introduction line L1 or the dialysate discharge line L2 is connected to the blood circuit 1 and is connected to the blood circuit. Since it is the discharge port P2 for discharging the liquid in 1 to the dialysate discharge line L2, the discharge port P2 has a function of discharging the liquid in the blood circuit 1 and also serves as an air inlet for the blood returning process during a power failure. It can have both functions.

Furthermore, according to the first embodiment and the fifth embodiment, a plurality of bypass lines (L8, L9) are formed, and the control unit 11 controls the dialysate of the plurality of bypass lines (L8, L9). Since the dialysate in the dialysate introduction line L1 or the dialysate discharge line L2 containing the is introduced into the blood circuit 1, it is possible to use the dialysate in the plurality of bypass lines (L8, L9) in the blood returning step at the time of power failure. It is possible to secure an even more sufficient amount of dialysate. Although the number of detour lines is two in this embodiment, it may be three or more.

In addition, according to the first to fifth embodiments, a filtration filter (7a, 7b) that is formed in the dialysate introduction line L1 and filters and purifies the dialysate that flows through the dialysate introduction line L1 is provided, and a power failure occurs. Since the dialysate that has passed through the filtration filters (7a, 7b) is introduced into the blood circuit 1 in the blood returning step at that time, the blood returning step can be performed with a clean dialysate during a power failure. In the present embodiment, the two filtration filters (7a, 7b) are passed, but only one of them may be passed.

Further, according to the first to fifth embodiments, the dialysate introduction line L1 and the blood circuit 1 are connected to each other, and the supply passage L3 is provided to supply the dialysate of the dialysate introduction line L1 to the blood circuit 1. In the blood return process during a power failure, the dialysate is introduced into the blood circuit 1 through the supply flow path L3, so that the blood return process during a power failure can be smoothly performed. The dialysate in the dialysate introduction line L1 is introduced into the blood circuit 1 by making the pressure in the dialysate flow path (in the hollow fiber membrane) of the dialyzer 4 larger than the pressure in the blood flow path and performing reverse filtration. By doing so, the blood returning step at the time of power failure may be performed.

Furthermore, according to the fifth embodiment, a supply pump M is provided which is formed in the supply flow path L3 and supplies the dialysate in the dialysate introduction line L1 to the blood circuit 1. Since the blood pump 2 and the supply pump M are driven by the power supply from the standby power supply B, the blood returning step at the time of power failure can be performed in a short time. According to the fifth embodiment, the blood pump 2 and the supply pump M are driven at the same time in the blood returning process at the time of power failure, but they may be driven alternately.

Although the present embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the dialysate in the dialysate introduction line L1 or the dialysate discharge line L2 containing the dialysate in the bypass line is introduced into the blood circuit 1 to obtain the blood. The air introduction unit for introducing the external air may be any portion as long as it can execute the blood returning step at the time of power failure for returning the blood in the circuit 1 to the patient. Further, in the present embodiment, the dialysis fluid that has passed through the filtration filters (7a, 7b) is introduced into the blood circuit 1 to execute the blood returning step at the time of power failure, but the dialysis does not pass through the filtration filter. The liquid may be introduced into the blood circuit 1 to execute the blood returning step at the time of power failure.

In addition, in the present embodiment, all are applied to the hemodialysis apparatus, but can be applied to other blood purification apparatus for purifying the blood of the patient who circulates extracorporeally. Further, in the present embodiment, all are applied to the dialysis monitoring device (which does not have a dialysate preparation function), but can also be applied to a personal dialysis device (which has a dialysate preparation function). it can.

When the power supply to the device is stopped, the blood pump is driven by the power supply from the standby power supply and the dialysate introduction line or dialysate discharge line containing the dialysate in the bypass line is introduced while introducing air from the air introduction part. A blood purifying apparatus that introduces a liquid into a blood circuit and executes a blood returning step at the time of a power failure that returns blood in the blood circuit to a patient can be applied to those having other functions. ..

1 blood circuit 1a arterial blood circuit 1b venous blood circuit 2 blood pump 3 air trap chamber 4 dialyzer (blood purifier)
5 Duplex pump (liquid delivery part)
6 Dewatering Pumps 7a, 7b Filtration Filter 8 Heat Exchanger 9 Heater 10 Degassing Chamber 11 Control Part L1 Dialysate Introduction Line L2 Dialysate Discharge Line L3 Supply Flow Paths L4 to L6 Bypass Lines L7 to L10 Detour Line L9a 1 Detour line L9b 2nd detour line V1-V14 Solenoid valve P1 Supply port P2 Discharge port (air introduction part)
B Standby power supply M Supply pump

Claims (7)

A blood circuit for circulating blood extracorporeally with a blood purifier for purifying the patient's blood interposed.
A blood pump disposed in the blood circuit for sending blood,
A dialysate introduction line for introducing dialysate into the blood purifier,
A dialysate discharge line for discharging dialysate from the blood purifier,
A liquid sending unit that sends the dialysate in the dialysate introduction line to the blood purifier, and also sends the dialysate in the blood purifier to the dialysate discharge line,
An air introduction unit for introducing external air into the dialysate introduction line or the dialysate discharge line,
A detour line that detours the liquid delivery unit in the dialysate introduction line or the dialysate discharge line,
A standby power supply for supplying power to at least the blood pump when power supply to the device is stopped;
When the power supply to the device is stopped, the blood pump is driven by the power supply from the standby power supply, and the dialysate introduction line or the dialysis containing the dialysate in the bypass line while introducing air from the air introduction unit. A control unit that introduces the dialysate of the liquid discharge line into the blood circuit, and executes a blood returning step at the time of a power failure that returns blood in the blood circuit to the patient,
A blood purification device comprising: The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the air introduction part is formed on the upstream side of the liquid delivery part of the dialysate introduction line or on the downstream side of the liquid delivery part of the dialysate discharge line. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the air introduction unit is a discharge port that is connected to the blood circuit and discharges the liquid in the blood circuit to the dialysate discharge line. A plurality of the bypass lines are formed, and the control unit introduces the dialysate of the dialysate introduction line or the dialysate discharge line containing the dialysate of the plurality of bypass lines into the blood circuit. The blood purification device according to any one of 1. The dialysate introducing line is provided with a filtration filter for filtering and purifying the dialysate flowing through the dialysate introducing line, and in the blood returning step during the power failure, the dialysate passing through the filtering filter is treated with the blood. The blood purification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is introduced into a circuit. While having a supply flow path for communicating the dialysate introduction line and the blood circuit to supply the dialysate of the dialysate introduction line to the blood circuit, in the blood returning step during the power failure, the supply flow path is The blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein dialysate is introduced into the blood circuit via the blood dialyzer. The blood pump comprises a supply pump that is formed in the supply flow path and supplies the dialysate in the dialysate introduction line to the blood circuit, and in the blood returning step during the power failure, by supplying power from the standby power source. The blood purification apparatus according to claim 6, which drives the supply pump.

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