JP4248463B2 - Blood purification equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a blood purification apparatus that purifies a patient's blood while circulating it extracorporeally using an arterial blood circuit, blood purification means, and a vein blood circuit.

  Generally, at the time of dialysis treatment, a blood circuit for circulating the collected patient's blood extracorporeally and returning it to the body is used. Such a blood circuit is, for example, a dialyzer (blood purification means) having a hollow fiber membrane. It is mainly composed of an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit that can be connected to each other. An arterial puncture needle and a venous puncture needle are attached to the tips of the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood circuit, respectively, and are punctured by the patient to perform extracorporeal circulation of blood in dialysis treatment.

  Among these, the arterial blood circuit is provided with a squeezed blood pump, and by driving the blood pump, blood is sent from the patient's body to the dialyzer side, while the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood are supplied. An arterial drip chamber and a venous drip chamber are connected to the circuit so that blood is returned to the patient's body after slow foaming.

  In addition, a replacement fluid line for supplying physiological saline at the time of priming or returning blood is provided via a T-shaped tube or the like upstream of the blood pump in the arterial blood circuit (that is, the arterial puncture needle side). Prior to dialysis treatment, priming is performed by flowing physiological saline into the blood circuit and components such as a drip chamber connected to the blood circuit, and residual blood and physiology remaining in the blood circuit and the like after dialysis treatment. Blood is returned by replacing the saline and returning the residual blood to the patient. Note that a dialysis apparatus including a replacement liquid line is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.

  In particular, the blood return operation will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12. After the dialysis treatment is completed, the blood pump is stopped and the replacement fluid line clamp C1 is released to supply physiological saline. (See FIG. 11). At this time, the physiological saline that has reached the connection portion La between the artery-side blood circuit 1a and the replacement fluid line L reaches the artery-side puncture needle a by its own weight, and between the connection portion La and the artery-side puncture needle a. The remaining blood is returned.

Then, after the blood return of the part is completed, the flow path from the connection portion La of the replacement liquid line L to the artery side puncture needle a is blocked by the clamp C2, and the blood pump 3 is driven again (see FIG. 12). . As a result, the physiological saline supplied from the replacement liquid line L flows toward the dialyzer 2 by the driving force of the blood pump 3 and reaches the vein side puncture needle b, thereby connecting the connection portion La and the vein side puncture needle b. The residual blood is returned.
JP 2000-93449 A

  However, in the conventional blood purification apparatus, the blood pump 3 is stopped and the physiological saline is flowed by its own weight when returning blood between the connection portion La and the arterial puncture needle a. Needed a relatively large potential energy. Therefore, in order to obtain a relatively large potential energy, it is necessary to arrange the storage bottle (or storage bag) B containing the physiological saline at a position considerably higher than the connection portion La. There is a problem in that there are significant restrictions on the position and the position of the connection portion La. Such a problem also occurred at the time of priming.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and provides a blood purification apparatus capable of flowing a replacement fluid such as physiological saline into a blood circuit with little potential energy when returning blood or priming. There is to do.

The invention according to claim 1 is a blood purification means capable of purifying blood, a proximal end connected to the blood purification means, and an arterial puncture needle attached to a distal end, from the arterial puncture needle to the blood purification means An arterial blood circuit that can circulate blood and a proximal end connected to the blood purification means and a venous puncture needle attached to the distal end, allowing blood to circulate from the blood purification means to the venous puncture needle A venous blood circuit, a blood pump disposed in the middle of the arterial blood circuit, and connected to the distal side from the blood pump in the arterial blood circuit, to the arterial blood circuit during priming or blood return A blood purification system comprising a replacement fluid line capable of supplying a replacement fluid, and purifying the patient's blood while circulating it extracorporeally in the arterial blood circuit, blood purification means, and venous blood circuit during blood purification treatment The replacement fluid line is disposed at a connection portion between the replacement fluid line and the arterial blood circuit, is connected to the proximal end side from the blood pump in the arterial blood circuit, and the replacement fluid line is driven by driving the blood pump. The blood pump is switched by switching between a first state in which the replacement liquid supplied from the blood pump and flows toward the proximal end from the blood pump flows to the blood purification means side and a second state in which the replacement liquid flows to the arterial puncture needle side. Switching means for performing blood return or priming without reversing, and the switching means communicates the distal side and the proximal side with respect to the blood pump of the arterial blood circuit to establish the first state. And a four-way valve having four ports that can communicate with the distal end side and the proximal end side to be in the second state .

According to a second aspect of the invention, the blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, when in the second state, to block the flow towards the blood purification means displacing liquid supplied to the arterial blood circuit breaker Means are provided.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a blood purification means capable of purifying blood, a proximal end connected to the blood purification means, and an arterial puncture needle attached to a distal end, from the arterial puncture needle to the blood purification means. An arterial blood circuit that can circulate blood and a proximal end connected to the blood purification means and a venous puncture needle attached to the distal end, allowing blood to circulate from the blood purification means to the venous puncture needle A venous blood circuit, a blood pump disposed in the middle of the arterial blood circuit, and connected to the distal side from the blood pump in the arterial blood circuit, to the arterial blood circuit during priming or blood return A blood purification system comprising a replacement fluid line capable of supplying a replacement fluid, and purifying the patient's blood while circulating it extracorporeally in the arterial blood circuit, blood purification means, and venous blood circuit during blood purification treatment The replacement fluid line is disposed at a connection portion between the replacement fluid line and the arterial blood circuit, is connected to the proximal end side from the blood pump in the arterial blood circuit, and the replacement fluid line is driven by driving the blood pump. The blood pump is switched by switching between a first state in which the replacement liquid supplied from the blood pump and flows toward the proximal end from the blood pump flows to the blood purification means side and a second state in which the replacement liquid flows to the arterial puncture needle side. comprising a switching means for performing a blood return or priming without reversing, the switching means, and said respective distal side and the proximal side with respect to the blood pump communicating the first state of the arterial blood circuit as well as, it communicates the said distal side and proximal side, and consists of five-way valve having five ports to block the flow of substitution fluid towards the blood purification means may be a second state And wherein the door.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the switching unit can switch between the first state and the second state, the replacement liquid supplied from the replacement liquid line is the first state and the second state. In both states, the blood pump is driven to return blood or perform priming. Therefore, blood return and priming can be performed by the driving force of the blood pump, so that the replacement liquid can be passed through the blood circuit with little potential energy. In addition, the blood pump only needs to be rotated forward in both the first state and the second state, and it is not necessary to reverse the blood pump. Therefore, the operation at the time of returning blood or priming can be simplified.

Furthermore , since the first state and the second state can be switched by the four-way valve, the configuration of the apparatus can be simplified and the switching work from priming to blood purification treatment or from blood purification treatment to returning blood can be performed. Can be easy.

According to the invention of claim 2 , when the first state and the second state can be switched by the four-way valve, the blood purification of the replacement fluid supplied to the artery side blood circuit in the second state Since the flow toward the means is blocked by the blocking means, the priming or blood return operation with the replacement liquid can be performed more reliably.

According to the invention of claim 3 , the first state and the second state can be switched by the five-way valve, and the flow of the replacement fluid toward the blood purification means is shut off when the second state is established. Therefore, the priming or blood return action by the replacement liquid can be surely performed, the apparatus configuration can be further simplified, and the switching operation can be further facilitated.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
The blood purification apparatus according to the first embodiment is composed of a dialysis apparatus used during dialysis treatment. As shown in FIG. 1, an arterial blood circuit 1a, a venous blood circuit 1b, and blood purification means. As a dialyzer 2, a blood pump 3, an arterial drip chamber 4, a venous drip chamber 5, a dialyzer body 6, a four-way valve 7 as a switching means, and a replacement fluid line L. ing. Moreover, the code | symbol C1-C4 has shown the clamp as a interruption | blocking means which can interrupt | block a flow path with a clamp.

  The arterial blood circuit 1a has a proximal end connected to the dialyzer 2 and an arterial puncture needle a attached to the distal end so that the patient's blood collected from the arterial puncture needle a can flow to the dialyzer 2 It is. Further, a blood pump 3, an arterial drip chamber 4 and a four-way valve 7 are disposed in the middle of the arterial blood circuit 1a, and is collected from the arterial puncture needle a by driving the blood pump 3 during dialysis treatment. The blood thus obtained passes through the four-way valve 7 to the arterial drip chamber 4, where after defoaming, the blood is again guided to the dialyzer 2 through the four-way valve 7.

  That is, at the time of dialysis treatment, the replacement fluid line L is clamped by the clamp C1, so that physiological saline as a replacement fluid is not supplied, and the clamp C2 disposed in the arterial blood circuit 1a. And the clamp of C4 is released, and blood can be circulated. The blood purified by the dialyzer 2 reaches the venous blood circuit 1 b and is defoamed in the venous drip chamber 5. The replacement liquid supplied from the replacement liquid line L is not limited to physiological saline, and may be another liquid that can be supplied to the arterial blood circuit 1a during priming or blood return.

  The venous blood circuit 1b has a proximal end connected to the dialyzer 2 and a venous puncture needle b attached to the distal end so that blood purified by the dialyzer 2 can flow to the venous puncture needle b. The blood of the patient circulated extracorporeally via the vein side puncture needle b is returned. The venous drip chamber 5 is provided with an overflow pipe 5a that can discharge the overflowed fluid (saline). During dialysis treatment, the clamp C3 is released and blood can be circulated.

  The dialyzer 2 is formed with a blood introduction port 2a, a blood outlet port 2b, a dialysate inlet port 2c, and a dialysate outlet port 2d in the casing. Among these, the blood inlet port 2a has an arterial blood circuit 1a. The base end of the venous blood circuit 1b is connected to the blood outlet port 2b. The dialysate introduction port 2c and the dialysate lead-out port 2d are connected to a dialysate introduction line L1 and a dialysate discharge line L2 extending from the dialyzer body 6, respectively.

  A plurality of hollow fibers are accommodated in the dialyzer 2, the inside of the hollow fibers is used as a blood flow path, and the flow of dialysate is between the hollow fiber outer peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface of the housing. It is considered a road. A hollow fiber membrane is formed in the hollow fiber by forming a large number of minute holes (pores) penetrating the outer circumferential surface and the inner circumferential surface, and impurities in the blood are passed through the membrane in the dialysate. It is comprised so that it can permeate.

  The dialyzer body 6 includes a dual pump formed across the dialysate introduction line L1 and the dialysate discharge line L2, a bypass line connected around the dual pump in the dialysate discharge line L2, and a bypass line connected to the bypass line. It has a water removal pump connected (all components are not shown). One end of the dialysate introduction line L1 is connected to the dialyzer 2 (dialyte introduction port 2c), and the other end is connected to a dialysate supply device (not shown) for preparing a dialysate having a predetermined concentration.

  The replacement liquid line L is connected to the distal side (arterial puncture needle a side) from the blood pump 3 in the arterial blood circuit 1a, and can supply physiological saline to the arterial blood circuit 1a during priming or blood return. It is a flow path and is connected to a saline bottle B containing a certain volume of physiological saline. A clamp C1 is disposed in the middle of the replacement liquid line L. The clamp C1 is clamped during dialysis treatment to block the flow of physiological saline, and the clamp is released during priming or blood return, so that the physiology in the saline bottle B can be obtained. Saline is supplied to the arterial blood circuit 1a.

  Here, a four-way valve 7 is disposed at a connection portion between the replacement fluid line L and the arterial blood circuit 1a, and the four-way valve 7 is proximal to the blood pump 3 in the arterial blood circuit 1a (dialyzer). (2 side) It is connected to 1ab. For convenience of explanation, a site on the distal side of the blood pump 3 in the arterial blood circuit 1a is referred to as a distal side 1aa, and a site on the proximal side is referred to as a proximal side 1ab. That is, the four-way valve 7 is disposed on the distal end side 1aa of the arterial blood circuit 1a and is connected to the proximal end side 1ab.

  More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the four-way valve 7 includes a first port 7a and a second port 7b connected to the distal end side 1aa of the arterial blood circuit 1a, and a proximal end of the arterial blood circuit 1a. A third port 7c and a fourth port 7d connected to the side 1ab, and during the dialysis treatment, the first port 7a and the second port 7b, and the third port 7c and the fourth port 7d communicate with each other. Yes.

  With the above configuration, by driving the blood pump 3 during dialysis treatment, the blood of the patient collected from the arterial puncture needle a becomes the distal side 1aa, proximal side 1ab, dialyzer 2, vein of the arterial blood circuit 1a. The blood is returned to the patient from the venous puncture needle b through the side blood circuit 1b, and blood is extracorporeally circulated, and dialysis (blood purification) is performed by the dialyzer 2 in the process.

  In order to return the blood remaining in each component such as the blood circuit and the drip chamber in which the blood has flowed after the dialysis treatment is completed, the following operation is performed. First, as shown in FIG. 3, the clamp C2 of the arterial blood circuit 1a is clamped to block the portion, and the clamp of the replacement fluid line L by the clamp C1 is released. The four-way valve 7 remains in the state shown in FIG. 2 as in dialysis treatment.

  Then, by driving the blood pump 3 (forward rotation as in dialysis treatment), the physiological saline in the saline bottle B is guided to the arterial blood circuit 1a via the replacement liquid line L. Due to the clamp by C2 and the suction force of the blood pump 3, the physiological saline guided from the replacement liquid line L does not flow to the artery side puncture needle a side but flows to the artery side drip chamber 4 side.

  The physiological saline that has flowed into the arterial drip chamber 4 is guided from the third port 7c into the four-way valve 7 and led out from the fourth port 7d, and then flows from the blood introduction port 2a into the dialyzer 2, It passes through the hollow fiber membrane and is led out from the blood outlet port 2b. The physiological saline derived from the blood outlet port 2b flows through the venous blood circuit 1b and reaches the vicinity of the venous puncture needle b.

  That is, the physiological saline supplied from the replacement fluid line L by driving the blood pump 3 and flowing to the proximal side 1ab of the arterial blood circuit 1a flows to the dialyzer 2 side by the four-way valve 7, and the blood flow of the dialyzer 2 It reaches the venous puncture needle b through the tract, the venous blood circuit 1b (including the venous drip chamber 5). As described above, the state in which the four-way valve 7 causes the physiological saline that has reached the proximal end side 1ab to flow to the dialyzer 2 side is referred to as a first state. As a result, the physiological saline and the residual blood are replaced in a path other than the path from the distal end of the replacement liquid line L to the arterial puncture needle a, and the blood is returned.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the clamp by the clamp C2 of the arterial blood circuit 1a is released, and the clamp C4 of the proximal side 1ab of the arterial blood circuit 1a and the clamp C3 of the venous blood circuit 1b are flown. Clamp the road. In addition, the four-way valve 7 (strictly, the portion where the flow path of the four-way valve 7 is formed) is rotated 90 degrees in either the left or right direction to obtain the state shown in FIG. 4, and the first port 7a and the third port 7c. , And the second port 7b and the fourth port 7d are communicated with each other.

  Thereafter, by driving the blood pump 3 (forward rotation as in dialysis treatment), the physiological saline in the saline bottle B is guided to the arterial blood circuit 1a via the reproductive line L. The clamp C4 Due to the clamp and the suction force of the blood pump 3, the physiological saline does not flow to the dialyzer 2 side but flows to the blood pump 3 side and reaches the proximal end side 1ab of the arterial blood circuit 1a.

  Then, the physiological saline that has passed through the artery-side drip chamber 4 is guided into the four-way valve 7 from the third port 7c, led out from the first port 7a, and then reaches the vicinity of the artery-side puncture needle a. That is, the physiological saline supplied from the replacement fluid line L by driving the blood pump 3 and flowing to the proximal side 1ab of the arterial blood circuit 1a flows to the arterial puncture needle a side by the four-way valve 7. In this way, the state in which the four-way valve 7 causes the physiological saline that has reached the proximal end side 1ab to flow toward the arterial puncture needle a is referred to as a second state. As a result, the path from the distal end of the replacement liquid line L to the arterial puncture needle a is also replaced with physiological saline and residual blood, and blood is returned.

  In the priming before dialysis treatment, the four-way valve 7 can be switched between the first state and the second state while the blood pump 3 is driven, and physiological saline can be supplied from the replacement liquid line L. At this time, the distal end of the arterial blood circuit 1 a and the distal end of the venous blood circuit 1 b are connected, and the physiological saline supplied from the replacement liquid line L is discharged from the overflow pipe 5 a of the venous drip chamber 5. Is preferred.

  The four-way valve 7 as described above allows the distal end side 1aa and the proximal end side 1ab to communicate with the blood pump 3 of the arterial blood circuit 1a (first port 7a and second port 7b, third port 7c and fourth port 7d). To the first state, and the distal end side 1aa and the proximal end side 1ab are connected (communication of the first port 7a and the third port 7c, and the second port 7b and the fourth port 7d). Since switching to the second state is possible, the configuration of the apparatus can be simplified, and switching from priming to blood purification treatment or from blood purification treatment to blood return can be facilitated.

  Further, in the present embodiment, since the clamp C4 as the blocking means is provided, the flow of the physiological saline supplied to the artery side blood circuit 1a toward the dialyzer 2 can be blocked in the second state. It is possible to perform priming or blood return work with physiological saline more reliably. However, a known check valve may be provided in place of the clamp C4, or the physiological saline does not easily flow to the dialyzer 2 side due to the suction force of the blood pump 3. It may not be arranged.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
As in the first embodiment, the blood purification apparatus according to the present embodiment is composed of a dialysis apparatus used during dialysis treatment. As shown in FIG. 6, the arterial blood circuit 1a and the venous blood circuit 1b, dialyzer 2 as blood purification means, blood pump 3, arterial drip chamber 4, venous drip chamber 5, dialyzer body 6, five-way valve 8 as switching means, and replacement fluid line L is mainly composed. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the component similar to 1st Embodiment, and those detailed description shall be abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the five-way valve 8 includes a first port 8a and a second port 8b connected to the distal end side 1aa of the arterial blood circuit 1a, and a first end 8ab connected to the proximal end side 1ab of the arterial blood circuit 1a. 3 port 8c and 4th port 8d, and 5th port 8e by which the flow path was obstruct | occluded, and at the time of dialysis treatment, 1st port 8a and 2nd port 8b, 3rd port 8c, and 4th auto 8d communicates with each other.

  With the above configuration, by driving the blood pump 3 during dialysis treatment, the blood of the patient collected from the arterial puncture needle a becomes the distal side 1aa, proximal side 1ab, dialyzer 2, vein of the arterial blood circuit 1a. The blood is returned to the patient from the venous puncture needle b through the side blood circuit 1b, and blood is extracorporeally circulated, and dialysis (blood purification) is performed by the dialyzer 2 in the process.

  In order to return the blood remaining in each component such as the blood circuit and the drip chamber in which the blood has flowed after the dialysis treatment is completed, the following operation is performed. First, as shown in FIG. 8, the clamp C2 of the arterial blood circuit 1a is clamped to block the portion, and the clamp of the replacement fluid line L by the clamp C1 is released. Note that the five-way valve 8 remains in the state shown in FIG. 7 as in dialysis treatment.

  Then, by driving the blood pump 3 (forward rotation as in dialysis treatment), the physiological saline in the saline bottle B is guided to the arterial blood circuit 1a via the replacement liquid line L. Due to the clamp by C2 and the suction force of the blood pump 3, the physiological saline guided from the replacement liquid line L does not flow to the artery side puncture needle a side but flows to the artery side drip chamber 4 side.

  The physiological saline that has flowed into the arterial drip chamber 4 is guided from the third port 8c into the five-way valve 8 and led out from the fourth port 8d, and then flows from the blood introduction port 2a into the dialyzer 2. It passes through the hollow fiber membrane and is led out from the blood outlet port 2b. The physiological saline derived from the blood outlet port 2b flows through the venous blood circuit 1b and reaches the vicinity of the venous puncture needle b. This state is the first state.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the clamp by the clamp C2 of the arterial blood circuit 1a is released, and the flow path is clamped by the clamp C3 of the venous blood circuit 1b. In addition, the five-way valve 8 (strictly, the part where the flow path of the five-way valve 8 is formed) is rotated leftward in FIG. 7 to the state shown in FIG. 9, and the first port 8a and the third port 8c. , And the fourth port 8d and the fifth port 8e are respectively communicated.

  Thereafter, by driving the blood pump 3 (forward rotation as in dialysis treatment), the physiological saline in the saline bottle B is guided to the arterial blood circuit 1a via the reproductive line L. Since there is no flow path extending from the port 8b to another port, the physiological saline flows to the blood pump 3 side and reaches the proximal side 1ab of the arterial blood circuit 1a. Then, the physiological saline that has passed through the artery-side drip chamber 4 is guided into the five-way valve 8 from the third port 8c, led out from the first port 8a, and then reaches the vicinity of the artery-side puncture needle a.

  That is, the physiological saline supplied from the replacement fluid line L by driving the blood pump 3 and flowing to the proximal side 1ab of the arterial blood circuit 1a flows to the arterial puncture needle a side by the five-way valve 7. As a result, the path from the distal end of the replacement liquid line L to the arterial puncture needle a is also replaced with physiological saline and residual blood, and blood is returned. This state is the second state. On the other hand, in the second state, since the flow path is closed at the fifth port 8e, the clamp C4 as in the first embodiment is not necessary. Even in priming before dialysis treatment, the physiological pump can be supplied from the replacement liquid line L by switching the five-way valve 8 between the first state and the second state while driving the blood pump 3.

  The five-way valve 8 as described above allows the distal end side 1aa and the proximal end side 1ab to communicate with the blood pump 3 of the arterial blood circuit 1a (the first port 8a and the second port 8b, the third port 8c and the fourth port). 8d) to establish the first state, and the distal end side 1aa and the proximal end side 1ab are communicated (communication of the first port 8a and the third port 8c) and the physiological saline is directed to the dialyzer 2 Is switched (to connect the fourth port 8d and the fifth port 8e whose flow path is shielded) to the second state, so that the priming or return by the physiological saline can be surely performed. The blood action can be performed, the device configuration can be further simplified, and the switching operation can be further facilitated.

  According to the first and second embodiments, switching between the first state and the second state is performed by switching means such as a four-way valve or a five-way valve, and the blood pump is driven to perform blood return or priming. Therefore, it is not necessary to arrange a raw food bottle or bag at a high position as in the prior art, and physiological saline can be passed through the blood circuit with little potential energy. In addition, the blood pump 3 only needs to be rotated forward in both the first state and the second state, and does not need to be reversed. Therefore, a mechanism or work for reversing is unnecessary, and blood return or priming is not necessary. Work can be simplified.

In this embodiment, the present invention is applied to a dialysis apparatus used at the time of dialysis treatment, but also to other blood purification apparatuses having blood purification means capable of purifying blood in the process while circulating the patient's blood extracorporeally. Can be applied.

It is disposed at the connection portion between the replacement fluid line and the arterial blood circuit, and is connected to the proximal end side from the blood pump in the arterial blood circuit, and can be switched between the first state and the second state. As a switching means , a blood purification apparatus having a four-way valve having four ports or a five-way valve having five ports may have a different appearance or have other functions added. Can be applied.

The schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of the dialysis treatment in the dialysis apparatus (blood purification apparatus) which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Schematic diagram showing the state of the four-way valve at the time of dialysis treatment and the first state in the dialysis device Schematic diagram showing the first state when returning blood in the dialysis machine The schematic diagram which shows the state of the four-way valve at the time of the 2nd state in the dialyzer Schematic diagram showing the second state when returning blood in the dialyzer The schematic diagram which shows the state at the time of the dialysis treatment in the dialysis apparatus (blood purification apparatus) which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Schematic diagram showing the state of the five-way valve at the time of dialysis treatment and the first state in the dialysis device Schematic diagram showing the first state when returning blood in the dialysis machine The schematic diagram which shows the state of the five-way valve at the time of the 2nd state in the dialyzer Schematic diagram showing the second state when returning blood in the dialyzer Schematic diagram showing the state of blood return in a conventional dialysis machine Schematic diagram showing the state of blood return in a conventional dialysis machine

Explanation of symbols

1a Arterial blood circuit 1b Venous blood circuit 2 Dialyzer (blood purification means)
3 Blood Pump 4 Arterial Drip Chamber 5 Vein Drip Chamber 6 Dialyzer Main Body 7 Four Way Valve (Switching Means)
8 Five-way valve (switching means)
L Replacement liquid line C1 to C3 Clamp C4 Clamp (blocking means)
a Arterial side puncture needle b Vein side puncture needle

Claims (3)

Blood purification means capable of purifying blood;
An arterial blood circuit in which a proximal end is connected to the blood purification means and an arterial puncture needle is attached to the distal end, and blood can flow from the arterial puncture needle to the blood purification means;
A venous blood circuit having a proximal end connected to the blood purification means and a venous puncture needle attached to the distal end, and capable of circulating blood from the blood purification means to the venous puncture needle;
A blood pump disposed in the middle of the arterial blood circuit;
A replacement fluid line connected to the tip side from the blood pump in the arterial blood circuit and capable of supplying a replacement fluid to the arterial blood circuit during priming or blood return;
A blood purification device for purifying a patient's blood while circulating externally in the arterial blood circuit, blood purification means, and venous blood circuit during blood purification treatment,
The replacement fluid line is disposed at a connection portion between the arterial blood circuit and is connected to the proximal end from the blood pump in the arterial blood circuit, and is supplied from the replacement fluid line by driving the blood pump. Switching between a first state in which the replacement fluid that has flowed from the blood pump to the proximal side flows to the blood purification means side and a second state in which the replacement fluid flows to the arterial puncture needle side, and reverses the blood pump. Switching means for performing blood return or priming without any change, the switching means communicating the distal end side and the proximal end side of the arterial blood circuit with respect to the blood pump to the first state, A blood purification apparatus comprising a four-way valve having four ports that can communicate with the distal end side and the proximal end side to be in the second state . Wherein when in the second state, the blood purification apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by including a blocking means for blocking the flow toward the blood purification means supplied replacement liquid in said arterial blood circuit. Blood purification means capable of purifying blood;
An arterial blood circuit in which a proximal end is connected to the blood purification means and an arterial puncture needle is attached to the distal end, and blood can flow from the arterial puncture needle to the blood purification means;
A venous blood circuit having a proximal end connected to the blood purification means and a venous puncture needle attached to the distal end, and capable of circulating blood from the blood purification means to the venous puncture needle;
A blood pump disposed in the middle of the arterial blood circuit;
A replacement fluid line connected to the tip side from the blood pump in the arterial blood circuit and capable of supplying a replacement fluid to the arterial blood circuit during priming or blood return;
A blood purification device for purifying a patient's blood while circulating externally in the arterial blood circuit, blood purification means, and venous blood circuit during blood purification treatment,
The replacement fluid line is disposed at a connection portion between the arterial blood circuit and is connected to the proximal end from the blood pump in the arterial blood circuit, and is supplied from the replacement fluid line by driving the blood pump. Switching between a first state in which the replacement fluid that has flowed from the blood pump to the proximal side flows to the blood purification means side and a second state in which the replacement fluid flows to the arterial puncture needle side, and reverses the blood pump. comprising a switching means for performing no blood return or priming, the switching means, with a first state communicating the respective tip side and the proximal side with respect to the blood pump of the arterial blood circuit, It comprises a five-way valve having five ports that communicate with the distal end side and the proximal end side, and that can shut off the flow of the replacement fluid toward the blood purification means to enter the second state. to Blood purification apparatus.

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