JP2012533071A - 癌マーカーとしてのフラップエンドヌクレアーゼ−1 - Google Patents
癌マーカーとしてのフラップエンドヌクレアーゼ−1 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
癌の評価を補助する方法に関する。本発明は、異なった癌種の一般的マーカーとしてのフラップエンドヌクレアーゼ-1タンパク質(= FEN1)の使用を開示する。更に、本発明は、特に、個体由来の液体サンプル中のFEN1を測定することによって、前記サンプル由来の癌を評価する方法に関する。FEN1の評価は、例えば、癌の早期検出又は外科手術を経験する患者の監視において使用される。
a) 腫瘍の外科的切除、
b) 化学療法、
c) 放射線療法、
d) 抗腫瘍抗体又は抗血管由来抗体のような生物学的製剤による治療、及び
e) 上記方法の組合せ。
1つの実施態様において、本発明は、インビトロで癌を評価するための方法であって、体液サンプル中の(a)フラップエンドヌクレアーゼ-1タンパク質(= FEN1)及び/又はその断片、(b)場合により1以上の他の癌マーカーの濃度を測定し、及び(c)癌の評価においてステップ(a)及び場合によりステップ(b)の測定結果を用いること、ここでFEN1タンパク質及び/又はその断片の増加した濃度が癌の指標である、を含む、方法に関する。
好ましい実施態様において、本発明は、サンプル中のFEN1及び/又はその断片を測定し、及び癌の測定において測定された結果、特に決定された濃度を用いることを含む、インビトロで癌を評価するための方法に関する。
スクリーングは、個体、例えば疾患、例えば癌の存在、のインジケータに対してリスクのある個体を同定するための試験の系統的な適用として定義される。好ましくは、スクリーニング集団は、癌の平均的なリスクよりも高いことが知られている個体からなる。例えば、肺癌のスクリーニング集団は、喫煙者、元喫煙者、及びウラン-、石英-又はアスベスト-に曝露された労働者のような肺癌の平均的リスクよりも高いことが知られている個体からなる。
マーカーは、特定の臓器における良性-対-悪性疾患の識別的診断を助け、腫瘍の異なった組織学的種類を識別するために役立つか、あるいは手術前のベースラインマーカー値を確立するために役立つことがある。
予後診断インジケータは、疾患の結果をある可能性をもって予測する、癌患者及びその腫瘍の臨床的、病因的又は生化学的特徴として定義される。その主な使用は、合理的に患者管理を計画するために、すなわち、攻撃的な疾患の過少治療及び無痛疾患の過剰治療をそれぞれ避けるために役立つことである。Molina, R.他, Tumor Biol. 24 (2003) 209-218は、NSCLC中のCEA、CA 125、CYFRA 21-1、SSC及びNSEの予後診断的値を評価した。その試験では、マーカーNSE、CEA及びLDH(乳酸脱水素酵素)の異常な血清レベルは、より短い生存を示すように見えた。
Merle, P.他, Int. J. of Biological Markers 19 (2004) 310-315 は、誘発化学療法で処置された局部的に進行したNSCLCを有する患者のCYFRA 21-1血清レベル変化を評価した。彼らは、CYFRA 21-1血清レベルの早期モニタリングが、腫瘍応答及びステージIIIのNSCLC患者の生存ための有用な予後診断ツールになりうると結論している。加えて、報告は、LCを有する患者の処置をモニタリングする時のCEAの使用を記載している(Fukasawa, T. et al., Gan to Kagaku Ryoho 13 (1986) 1862-1867)。これらのほとんどは、回顧的で、非-ランダムであり、少数の患者を含んだ。CYFRA 21-1を用いる試験の場合のように、CEA試験は次のように示唆した:(a) CEAレベルが減少し、同時に化学療法を受けている患者は、一般的に、CEAレベルが減少し損なった患者よりも良好な結果を有した、及び (b) ほとんどすべての患者について、CEAレベルの増加は、疾患進行に関連していた。
外科的切除を経験したLC患者の大部分は、癌性組織の完全な除去、再発又は転移性疾患の後の発症を目的とした(Wagner, H. Jr., Chest 117 (2000) S110-S118; Buccheri, G. et al., Ann. Thorac. Surg. 75 (2003) 973-980)。これらの再発のほとんどは、手術後の最初の2〜3年以内に起こる。再発/転移性疾患は、あまりに遅く検出されれば必ず死に至るので、相当の研究が、早期の癌の再発、よって潜在的に治療可能なステージに注がれてきた。
肺癌の潜在的マーカーとしてのFEN1の同定
組織源:
肺癌のための潜在的な診断マーカーとしての腫瘍特異的タンパク質を同定するために、プロテオミクス法を用いて2つの異なった種類の組織の分析を行った。
0.8〜1.2 gの冷凍組織を小片に切断し、ミキサボールミルの冷えた研磨ジャーに移し、液体窒素で完全に冷凍した。組織をボールミル中で粉砕し、溶解バッファ (4O mM Na-クエン酸, 5 mM MgCl2, 1% Genapol X-080, 0.02% Na-アジド, Complete(登録商標)EDTA-無し [Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim, Germany, Cat. No. 1 873 580]) の10倍体積(w/v)に溶解し、次いで、Wheaton(登録商標)ガラスホモジナイザ(20 x ルーズフィッティング, 20 x タイトフィッティング)でホモジナイズした。ホモジネートを遠心(5,000 x gで10')に供し、上清を別のバイアルに移し、再度、遠心に供した(20,000 x gで15')。得られた上清は可溶性タンパク質を含み、更なる分析に使用した。
IEFについては、3 mlの懸濁液を12 mlのサンプルバッファ (7 M尿素, 2 Mチオ尿素, 2% CHAPS, 0.4% IPGバッファ pH 4〜7, 0.5% DTT) と混合し、1時間インキュベートした。当該サンプルをAmicon(登録商標)Ultra-15装置 (Millipore GmbH, Schwalbach, Germany) で濃縮し、供給者のマニュアルの教示に従って、Bio-Rad(登録商標)タンパク質アッセイ (Cat.No. 500-0006; Bio-Rad Laboratories GmbH, Munchen, Germany) を用いて、タンパク質濃度を決定した。1.5 mgのタンパク質に相当する体積に、サンプルバッファを350 μlの終体積になるように加えた。この溶液を用いて、IPGストリップpH 4〜7 (Amersham Biosciences, Freiburg, Germany) を終夜、再水和した。IEは、を以下:1.) 500 Vまで1分; 2.) 3500 Vまで2時間; 3.) 82 kVhを提供する一定の3500 Vまで22時間、のプロトコールを用いて行った。IEF後に、ストリップを-80℃で保存するか、又はSDS-PAGE用に直接使用した。
ProteomeWeaver(登録商標)ソフトウェア (Definiens AG, Germany, Munchen) による画像分析によって各患者を分析した。加えて、ピッキングロボットによってゲルのすべてのスポットを切り出し、スポット中に存在するタンパク質をMALDI-TOF質量分光分析(Ultraflex(商標)Tof/Tof, Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Bremen, Germany)によって同定した。各患者について、腫瘍サンプル由来の3つのゲルを隣接する健常組織由来の3つのゲルの各々と比較し、識別的に発現されたタンパク質に対応する異なったスポットについて分析した。FEN1は、10患者の腫瘍サンプル、及び1つの対照サンプルにおいて同定された。この方法によって。タンパク質FEN1は、腫瘍組織において、それぞれ、特異的に発現するか又は強く過剰発現することが分かった。そのため、肺癌の診断において使用するための候補マーカーとしてみなした。以下のFEN1由来のトリプティックペプチドを同定した。
癌マーカータンパク質FEN1に対する抗体の作製
肺癌マーカータンパク質FEN1に対するポリクローナル抗体は、免疫検出アッセイ、例えばウエスタンブロッティング又はELISAによってFEN1の他の体液中の、血清及び血漿レベル又は濃度の測定において当該抗体の更なる使用のために作製した。
FEN1に対する抗体を作製するために、組換え抗原をE.コリ中で産生した:したがって、FEN1-コーディング領域は、German Resource Center for Genome Research (RZPD, Berlin, Germany) から得られた完全長cDNAクローンから、以下のプライマーを用いてPCR増幅した。
フォワードプライマー (配列番号3)
5'-cacacacaattgattaaagaggagaaattaactATGAGAGGATCGCATCACCAT
CACCATCACATTGAAGGCCGTGGAATTCAAGGCCTGGCC-S'
(大文字のヌクレオチドをコーディングするMunI-部位に下線を引いた)。
リバースプライマー (配列番号4):
5'-acgtacgtaagcttTCATT ATTTTCCCCTTTT AAACTTC-3' (大文字のヌクレオチドをコーディングするHmdIII-部位に下線を引いた)。
FEN1に特異的なポリクローナル抗体を作製するために、他の公知のヒトタンパク質に優位なホモロジーを示さないペプチド配列を同定した。FEN1のアミノ酸配列は、ソフトウェアBlastを用いてSwiss Institute of Bioinformaticsにアクセス可能なヒトタンパク質のデータバンクに対して行った。アミノ酸配列260〜273は、他のヒトタンパク質に優位なホモロジーを示さない、そのため、FEN1特異的抗体を作製するように選択した。各々の配列は合成し、KLH (=キーホールリンペットヘモシニアン) に化学的に複合化して、免疫化のための免疫原を得た。
a) 免疫化
免疫化のために、タンパク質溶液の新鮮エマルジョン(100 μg/mlタンパク質FEN1、又は500 μg/mlのFEN1アミノ酸260〜273由来のペプチドと結合したKLH)及び1:1の割合の完全フロイントアジュバントが、好ましい。ウサギをそれぞれ、1、7、14、30、60及び90日目に1 mlのエマルジョンで免疫化した。血液を採取し、実施例3及び4に記載の更なる実験のために得られた抗-FEN1血清を使用した。
ウサギ血清の1体積を酢酸塩バッファの4体積 (60 mM, pH 4.0) で希釈した。2 M Tris-塩基で4.5にpHを調整した。激しく攪拌しながら、カプリル酸 (希釈サンプルの25 μl/ml) を滴下した。30分後、サンプルを遠心分離し (13 000 x g, 30分, 4℃)、ペレットを廃棄し、上清を回収した。上清のpHを2 M Tris-塩基の添加によって7.5に調整し、濾過した (0.2 μm)。
ポリクローナルウサギIgGを10 mM NaH2PO4/NaOH, pH 7.5, 30 mM NaClに10 mg/mlで加えた。IgG溶液1 mlにつき、50 μlのビオチン-N-ヒドロキシコハク酸イミド (DMSO中3.6 mg/ml) を加えた。室温で30分後、サンプルをSuperdex 200 (1O mM NaH2PO4/NaOH, pH 7.5, 3O mM NaCl) のクロマトグラフィーに付した。ビオチン化IgGを含む分画を集めた。モノクローナル抗体を同一の手段に従ってビオチン化した。
ポリクローナルウサギIgGを10 mM NaH2PO4/NaOH, 30 mM NaCl, pH 7.5に10 mg/mlで加えた。IgG溶液1 mlにつき、50 μlのジゴキシゲニン-3-O-メチルカルボニル-ε-アミノカプロン酸-N-ヒドロキシコハク酸イミドエステル (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany, Cat. No. 1 333 054) (DMSO中3.8 mg/ml) を加えた。室温で30分後、サンプルをSuperdex 200 (1O mM NaH2PO4/NaOH, pH 7.5, 3O mM NaCl) のクロマトグラフィーに付した。ジゴキシゲニル化IgGを含む分画を集めた。モノクローナル抗体を同一の手段に従ってジゴキシゲニンで標識した。
実施例2で作製したポリクローナル抗体を用いてヒト肺癌(LC)組織におけるFEN1の検出のためのウエスタンブロッティング
実施例1の「組織調製」に記載のようにして、腫瘍サンプル及び健常対照由来の組織溶解物を調製した。
ヒト血清及び血漿サンプル又は他の体液中のFEN1の測定のためのELISA
ヒト血清又は血漿中のFEN1の検出のために、実施例2の抗体を用いてサンドイッチELISAを開発した。抗原の捕獲のために、ペプチド398〜413に対する抗体をビオチンで複合化し、一方、FEN1完全長配列に対する抗体はジゴキシゲンで複合化した。
ヒト肺癌(LC)のための血清マーカーとしてのFEN1
表3で示されるUICC分類で365のよく特徴付けられた肺癌患者からのサンプル(146個の腺癌, 87個の扁平上皮細胞CA, 44個の小細胞CA, 88個の他の肺のCA)使用した。
ヒト頭頸部癌(H/NC)のための血清マーカーとしてのFEN1
表4で示されるUICC分類で30のよく特徴付けられた頭頸部癌患者からのサンプルを使用した。
ヒト子宮内膜癌(EC)のための血清マーカーとしてFEN1
表5で示されるUICC分類で23個のよく特徴付けられた子宮内膜癌患者からのサンプルを使用した。
ヒト卵巣癌(OC)のために血清マーカーとしてのFEN1
表6で示されるUICC分類で42個のよく特徴付けられた卵巣癌(OC)患者からのサンプルを使用した。
ヒト悪性黒色腫(MM)のための血清マーカーとしてFEN1
表7で示されるUICC分類で16個のよく特徴付けられた悪性黒色腫患者からのサンプルを使用した。
ヒト乳癌(BC)のための血清マーカーとしてFEN1
表8で示されるUICC分類で47個のよく特徴付けられた乳癌患者からのサンプルを使用した。
ヒト子宮癌(CC)のための血清マーカーとしてFEN1
表9で示されるUICC分類で20個のよく特徴付けられた子宮癌患者からのサンプルを使用した。
ヒト膵臓癌(PAC)のための血清マーカーとしてFEN1
表10で示されるUICC分類で49個のよく特徴付けられた膵臓癌患者からのサンプルを使用した。
ヒト結腸癌(CRC)のための血清マーカーとしてFEN1
表11で示されるUICC分類で50個のよく特徴付けられた結腸癌患者からのサンプルを使用した。
ヒト膀胱癌(BLC)のための血清マーカーとしてFEN1
表12で示されるUICC分類で50個のよく特徴付けられた膀胱癌患者からのサンプルを使用した。
ヒト腎臓癌(KC)のための血清マーカーとしてFEN1
表13で示されるUICC分類で25個のよく特徴付けられた腎臓癌患者からのサンプルを使用した。
ヒト前立腺癌(PC)のための血清マーカーとしてFEN1
表14で示されるUICC分類で50個のよく特徴付けられた前立腺癌患者からのサンプルを使用した。
気管支肺胞分泌液(ELF)中のFEN1−気管支鏡検査マイクロサンプリング
気管支鏡検査マイクロサンプリング(BMS)は、主として非侵襲的方法で小肺結節の近くの気管支肺胞分泌液(ELF)を回収する可能性を与える。次いで、悪性小結節を同定するためにELF中の腫瘍マーカーの濃度を測定することができる。各々の腫瘍マーカーの患者特異的ベースライン濃度は、対側性の肺においてELFをサンプリングすることによって得た。
配列番号1は、図14に従うヒトFEN1タンパク質のアミノ酸を示す;SwissProtデータべースアクセッション番号:P39748。
配列番号2は、合成されたペプチド伸長を示す。
配列番号3は、合成されたフォワードプライマーを示す。
配列番号4は、合成されたリバースプライマーを示す。
Claims (13)
- インビトロで癌を評価するための方法であって、
体液サンプル中の
(a)フラップエンドヌクレアーゼ-1タンパク質(FEN1)及び/又はその断片、
(b)場合により1以上の他の癌マーカー
の濃度を測定し、及び
(c)癌の評価においてステップ(a)及び場合によりステップ(b)の測定結果を用いること、ここでFEN1タンパク質及び/又はその断片の増加した濃度が癌の指標である、
を含む、方法。 - サンドイッチ免疫アッセイである、請求項1記載の方法。
- 子宮内膜癌、悪性黒色腫、子宮癌、頭頸部癌、卵巣癌、結腸癌、膀胱癌、膵臓癌、乳癌、小細胞肺癌、前立腺癌、腎臓癌及び非小細胞肺癌のような癌を評価するためのものであることを更に特徴とする、請求項1又は2記載の方法。
- ステップ(b)の1以上の他のマーカーが、CEA、NSE、CA 19-9、CA 125、PSA、proGRP、SCC、NNMT、抗-p53自己抗体、セプラーゼ及びDPPIV/セプラーゼからなる群より選ばれることを更に特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記濃度が免疫学的方法によって測定されることを更に特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 癌の評価におけるFEN1タンパク質及び/又はその断片の使用。
- 子宮内膜癌、悪性黒色腫、子宮癌、頭頸部癌、卵巣癌、結腸癌、膀胱癌、膵臓癌、乳癌、小細胞肺癌、前立腺癌、腎臓癌及び非小細胞肺癌からなる群より選ばれる癌の評価における、請求項6記載の使用。
- 癌の評価における、FEN1タンパク質及び/又はその断片に対する抗体の使用であって、FEN1タンパク質及び/又はその断片の増加した濃度が癌の指標である、使用。
- 癌の評価における、FEN1タンパク質及び/又はその断片を含むマーカーパネル、及び場合により癌の1以上の他のマーカー、の使用であって、FEN1タンパク質及び/又はその断片の増加した濃度が癌の指標である、使用。
- 前記の任意の1以上の他のマーカーが、CEA、NSE、CA 19-9、CA 125、PSA、proGRP、SCC、NNMT、抗-p53自己抗体、セプラーゼ及びDPPIV/セプラーゼからなる群より選ばれることを更に特徴とする、請求項9記載の使用。
- 子宮内膜癌、悪性黒色腫、子宮癌、頭頸部癌、卵巣癌、結腸癌、膀胱癌、膵臓癌、乳癌、小細胞肺癌、前立腺癌、腎臓癌及び非小細胞肺癌の評価における、請求項9又は10に記載のマーカーパネルの使用。
- FEN1タンパク質及び/又はその断片を特異的に測定するために必要とされる試薬、及び場合により癌の1以上の他のマーカーを特異的に測定するために必要とされる試薬を含む、請求項1記載の方法を実施するためのキット。
- FEN1、及びCEA、NSE、CA 19-9、CA 125、PSA、proGRP、SCC、NNMT、抗-p53自己抗体、セプラーゼ及びDPPIV/セプラーゼからなる群より選ばれる1以上の他のマーカー、及び場合により該測定を実施するための補助試薬を特異的に測定するための、請求項1記載の方法を実施するためのバイオチップアレイ。
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PCT/EP2010/004277 WO2011006642A1 (en) | 2009-07-16 | 2010-07-14 | Flap endonuclease-1 as a marker for cancer |
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JP2014509737A (ja) * | 2011-03-11 | 2014-04-21 | エフ.ホフマン−ラ ロシュ アーゲー | 慢性閉塞性肺疾患(copd)のマーカーとしてのapex1 |
JP2014509738A (ja) * | 2011-03-11 | 2014-04-21 | エフ.ホフマン−ラ ロシュ アーゲー | 慢性閉塞性肺疾患(copd)のマーカーとしてのfen1 |
JP7136697B2 (ja) | 2015-09-25 | 2022-09-13 | プロビスタ ダイアグノスティックス インコーポレイテッド | デンスブレストを有する女性における乳癌の検出のためのバイオマーカー |
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GB201419634D0 (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2014-12-17 | Randox Lab Ltd | Lung cancer sub-typing method |
CN107108708A (zh) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-08-29 | 加州大学评议会 | 用于生成抗原、抗体的组合物和方法以及免疫治疗性组合物和方法 |
US20160291026A1 (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2016-10-06 | Provista Diagnostics, Inc. | Biomarkers for detection of ovarian cancer |
CN113777307A (zh) * | 2021-11-11 | 2021-12-10 | 翌圣生物科技(上海)股份有限公司 | 全能核酸酶Benzonase ELISA检测试剂盒 |
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CA2767406A1 (en) | 2011-01-20 |
CN102472754A (zh) | 2012-05-23 |
ES2493070T3 (es) | 2014-09-11 |
EP2454596A1 (en) | 2012-05-23 |
WO2011006642A1 (en) | 2011-01-20 |
US20150072355A1 (en) | 2015-03-12 |
US20160169895A1 (en) | 2016-06-16 |
HK1171084A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 |
JP5681183B2 (ja) | 2015-03-04 |
EP2454596B1 (en) | 2014-06-11 |
CN102472754B (zh) | 2015-07-15 |
US20120157335A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
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