JP2012256744A - Superconductive coil - Google Patents

Superconductive coil Download PDF

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JP2012256744A
JP2012256744A JP2011129240A JP2011129240A JP2012256744A JP 2012256744 A JP2012256744 A JP 2012256744A JP 2011129240 A JP2011129240 A JP 2011129240A JP 2011129240 A JP2011129240 A JP 2011129240A JP 2012256744 A JP2012256744 A JP 2012256744A
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electrode
coil
superconducting
superconducting wire
cooling block
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Shinji Fujita
真司 藤田
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Fujikura Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a superconductive coil which suppresses heating in a connection part connecting with electrodes.SOLUTION: A superconductive coil 10 of this invention includes: coil bodies 21, 22 each of which is formed by winding a tape like superconductive wire rod 1; electrodes 5 electrically connecting with winding terminal end parts of the superconductive wire rod 1 of the coil bodies 21, 22; and a cooling block 9 joined to electrode joint parts 7, formed by joining the winding terminal end parts of the superconductive wire rod 1 to the electrodes 5, and connecting with a refrigerator. The winding terminal end parts of the superconductive wire rod 1 are led out radially outward of the coil bodies 21, 22, and the electrodes 5 are installed facing in the radial direction of the coil bodies 21, 22 so as to overlap with the winding terminal end parts. At least portions of the cooling block 9, contacting with the electrode joint parts 7, are formed by a heat conductive insulator.

Description

本発明は、超電導コイルに関する。   The present invention relates to a superconducting coil.

超電導コイルは、磁気共鳴画像診断装置（ＭＲＩ）や超電導磁気エネルギー貯蔵装置（ＳＭＥＳ）といった様々な用途に使用される。これまで超電導線材として、ＮｂＴｉ等の金属系超電導体が広く用いられてきたが、近年、Ｂｉ２Ｓｒ２ＣａＣｕ２Ｏ８＋δ（Ｂｉ２２１２）、Ｂｉ２Ｓｒ２Ｃａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ１０＋δ（Ｂｉ２２２３）などのビスマス系超電導体や、ＲＥＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７−δ（ＲＥ１２３、ＲＥ：希土類元素）で表される希土類系超電導体を用いた酸化物高温超電導線材の開発が進んでいる。この酸化物高温超電導線材は、金属系超電導線材に比べて臨界温度が高温であるため、より高い温度での使用が可能であることから、コイル等への応用の開発も進んでいる。 Superconducting coils are used in various applications such as magnetic resonance imaging diagnostic equipment (MRI) and superconducting magnetic energy storage equipment (SMES). Conventionally, metallic superconductors such as NbTi have been widely used as superconducting wires, but in recent years, Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8 + δ (Bi2212), Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O 10 + δ (Bi2223) and the like have been used. Development of high-temperature oxide superconducting wires using bismuth-based superconductors and rare earth-based superconductors represented by REBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ (RE123, RE: rare earth elements) is in progress. Since this oxide high-temperature superconducting wire has a critical temperature higher than that of metal superconducting wires, it can be used at higher temperatures, and development of application to coils and the like is also progressing.

酸化物高温超電導線材は、そのほとんどがテープ状であり、このようなテープ状の酸化物高温超電導線材を用いたコイルとして、パンケーキコイル、２個のパンケーキコイルが積層されたダブルパンケーキコイル、あるいはダブルパンケーキコイルを複数個積層して構成されるものが知られている。このようなコイルには電流リードに接続するための電極が取り付けられており、その電極形状として特許文献１のようなものが提案されている。   Most of oxide high-temperature superconducting wires are in the form of tape, and as a coil using such a tape-like oxide high-temperature superconducting wire, a pancake coil and a double pancake coil in which two pancake coils are laminated Or what is constituted by laminating a plurality of double pancake coils is known. An electrode for connecting to the current lead is attached to such a coil, and an electrode shape such as that disclosed in Patent Document 1 has been proposed.

特開２０１０−９８２６７号公報JP 2010-98267 A

超電導コイルと電流リードを接続する電極には、銅等の低抵抗金属が用いられるが、大電流を流すと少なからずジュール熱が発生し、電極付近の超電導線材の温度が上昇して特性が劣化してしまうことがある。
特許文献１に記載の超電導コイルの電極部構造は、円弧状接触部が超電導線材の末端部に接続され、かつ、この円弧状接触部から外径方向へ固定部が突出された構造となっている。そのため、電導コイルからの電極長を長くする必要がある場合は、常電導部である電極（固定部）の長さが長くなるほど、常電導部の抵抗によるジュール発熱により、超電導コイルの電極部付近で発熱するおそれがある。 A low resistance metal such as copper is used for the electrode that connects the superconducting coil and the current lead. However, when a large current is applied, Joule heat is generated, and the temperature of the superconducting wire near the electrode rises and the characteristics deteriorate. May end up.
The electrode structure of the superconducting coil described in Patent Document 1 has a structure in which the arc-shaped contact portion is connected to the end portion of the superconducting wire and the fixing portion protrudes from the arc-shaped contact portion in the outer diameter direction. Yes. Therefore, when it is necessary to increase the length of the electrode from the conductive coil, the longer the length of the electrode (fixed portion) that is the normal conductive portion, the more near the electrode portion of the superconductive coil due to Joule heating due to the resistance of the normal conductive portion May generate heat.

本発明は、このような従来の実情に鑑みてなされたものであり、電極との接続部における発熱を抑制できる超電導コイルを提供することを目的とする。   This invention is made | formed in view of such a conventional situation, and it aims at providing the superconducting coil which can suppress the heat_generation | fever in a connection part with an electrode.

上記課題を解決するため、本発明の超電導コイルは、テープ状の超電導線材を巻回してなるコイル体と、このコイル体の前記超電導線材の巻回終端部と電気的に接続する電極と、前記超電導線材の巻回終端部と前記電極とが接合された電極接合部と接合され、かつ、冷凍機と接続された冷却ブロックと、を備え、前記超電導線材の巻回終端部が前記コイル体の径方向外側に向かって引き出され、この巻回終端部と重なるように前記電極が前記コイル体の径方向に向いて設置され、前記冷却ブロックの少なくとも前記電極接合部との接触部分が、熱伝導性の絶縁体よりなることを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-described problem, a superconducting coil of the present invention includes a coil body formed by winding a tape-shaped superconducting wire, an electrode electrically connected to a winding terminal portion of the superconducting wire of the coil body, A cooling block connected to an electrode joint where the winding end portion of the superconducting wire and the electrode are joined, and connected to a refrigerator, and the winding end portion of the superconducting wire is the coil body The electrode is drawn out radially outward, and is placed in the radial direction of the coil body so as to overlap with the winding end portion, and at least a contact portion of the cooling block with the electrode joint is thermally conductive It is characterized by comprising a conductive insulator.

本発明の超電導コイルによれば、超電導線材の端部と常電導体である電極が重ね合わせられて接合された構成である。そのため、電極の接続抵抗を低減でき、ジュール熱の発生を抑制して電極接続部における発熱を抑えることができる。さらに、電極接合部に冷凍機に接続され、かつ、少なくとも電極接続部との接触部分が熱伝導性の絶縁材よりなる冷却ブロックが接続されていることにより、電極接続部で発熱が起こった場合にも、伝導冷却により電極接続部を冷却することができる。従って、本発明の超電導コイルは、電極との接続部における発熱が少なく、安定に運転できる。
また、本発明の超電導コイルは、冷却ブロックにより電極接合部の電極が冷却される構成であるため、電極に接続された電流リードからの熱進入を抑え、電極の発熱を抑えることができる。 According to the superconducting coil of the present invention, the end of the superconducting wire and the electrode which is a normal conductor are superposed and joined. For this reason, the connection resistance of the electrode can be reduced, the generation of Joule heat can be suppressed, and the heat generation at the electrode connection portion can be suppressed. Furthermore, when heat is generated at the electrode connection part because the electrode joint part is connected to the refrigerator, and at least the contact part with the electrode connection part is connected with a cooling block made of a heat conductive insulating material. In addition, the electrode connection portion can be cooled by conduction cooling. Therefore, the superconducting coil of the present invention generates little heat at the connection with the electrode and can be operated stably.
In addition, since the superconducting coil of the present invention has a configuration in which the electrode at the electrode joint is cooled by the cooling block, it is possible to suppress the heat intrusion from the current lead connected to the electrode and suppress the heat generation of the electrode.

本発明の超電導コイルにおいて、前記熱伝導性の絶縁体の熱伝導率が５０Ｗ／ｍ／Ｋ以上であることが好ましい。
本発明の超電導コイルにおいて、前記冷却ブロックの少なくとも前記電極接合部との接触部分が、窒化アルミニウムまたは炭化珪素よりなることがさらに好ましい。
この場合、良好な熱伝導率を有する絶縁材である窒化アルミニウムまたは炭化珪素より冷却ブロックが構成されることにより、電極接合部との絶縁性を保ちつつ、冷凍機から冷却ブロックを介して電極接合部へと効率的に伝導冷却ができ、電極接合部の発熱を効果的に抑えることができる。 In the superconducting coil of the present invention, it is preferable that the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive insulator is 50 W / m / K or more.
In the superconducting coil of the present invention, it is more preferable that at least a contact portion of the cooling block with the electrode joint portion is made of aluminum nitride or silicon carbide.
In this case, the cooling block is composed of aluminum nitride or silicon carbide, which is an insulating material having a good thermal conductivity, so that the electrode bonding is performed from the refrigerator through the cooling block while maintaining insulation with the electrode bonding portion. Conductive cooling can be efficiently performed to the portion, and heat generation at the electrode joint can be effectively suppressed.

本発明の超電導コイルにおいて、前記超電導線材が、基材と、該基材上方に設けられた酸化物超電導層と、該酸化物超電導層上方に設けられた安定化層とを備えてなり、前記電極が、前記超電導線材の前記安定化層上に、該安定化層と電気的に接続するように設けられてなることが好ましい。
この場合、超電導線材の巻回終端部の安定化層上に電極が設けられる構成であるため、常電導体である電極と超電導線材が確実に電気的に接続されている構成となる。そのため、超電導線材との接続部における接続抵抗を小さく抑え、電極における発熱を抑制できる。 In the superconducting coil of the present invention, the superconducting wire comprises a base material, an oxide superconducting layer provided above the base material, and a stabilization layer provided above the oxide superconducting layer, It is preferable that an electrode is provided on the stabilization layer of the superconducting wire so as to be electrically connected to the stabilization layer.
In this case, since the electrode is provided on the stabilization layer at the winding termination portion of the superconducting wire, the electrode which is a normal conductor and the superconducting wire are reliably electrically connected. Therefore, the connection resistance at the connection portion with the superconducting wire can be kept small, and heat generation at the electrode can be suppressed.

本発明の超電導コイルにおいて、前記超電導線材の巻回終端部と前記電極とが接合された電極接合部が、前記コイル体の周方向から径方向外側に向かって一体に折り曲げられてなり、前記電極の前記コイル体周面に沿う部分と、該電極の前記コイル体の外側に延出された部分との両方が、前記安定化層と電気的に接続されてなることもできる。
この場合、超電導線材の巻回終端部の安定化層上に電極が設けられ、且つ電極のコイル体周面に沿う部分とコイル体外側に延出された部分との両方が超電導線材の端部と電気的に接続されている構成であるため、常電導体である電極と超電導線材との接触面積を大きくとることができ、接続抵抗をより小さく抑え、電極における発熱を効果的に抑制できる。
また、電極の周側部と延出部の両方が超電導線材の安定化層に接続されているため、超電導線材巻回終端部の折り曲げ部分を電極で補強した構造とすることができる。従って、超電導コイルへの通電時に生じる可能性のある振動などによる電極の位置ずれを抑制できる。 In the superconducting coil of the present invention, an electrode joint portion where the winding terminal portion of the superconducting wire and the electrode are joined is integrally bent from the circumferential direction of the coil body toward the radially outer side, Both the portion along the circumferential surface of the coil body and the portion of the electrode extending to the outside of the coil body may be electrically connected to the stabilization layer.
In this case, an electrode is provided on the stabilization layer at the winding end of the superconducting wire, and both the portion along the circumferential surface of the coil body and the portion extending to the outside of the coil body are end portions of the superconducting wire. Therefore, the contact area between the normal conductor electrode and the superconducting wire can be increased, the connection resistance can be further reduced, and heat generation at the electrode can be effectively suppressed.
In addition, since both the peripheral side portion and the extension portion of the electrode are connected to the stabilization layer of the superconducting wire, the bent portion of the superconducting wire winding end portion can be reinforced with the electrode. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the displacement of the electrode due to vibrations that may occur when the superconducting coil is energized.

本発明の超電導コイルにおいて、前記コイル体を複数備え、これら複数のコイル体は隣接するコイル体同士が電気的に接続されて同軸的に積層され、積層されたコイル体の上方および下方に冷凍機に接続された冷却板が配置され、最上段および最下段のコイル体において、前記超電導線材の巻回終端部と前記電極とが接合された電極接合部が、前記冷却ブロックを介して前記冷却板に接続されていることもできる。
この場合、電極接合部に接合された冷却ブロックが、冷却板と接続された構成とすることにより、冷却ブロックを介した電極接合部の伝導冷却の効率が向上するだけでなく、電極接合部の接合構造を強固にすることができる。 The superconducting coil according to the present invention includes a plurality of the coil bodies, and the plurality of coil bodies are coaxially stacked with the adjacent coil bodies being electrically connected to each other, and a refrigerator above and below the stacked coil bodies. A cooling plate connected to the electrode, and in the uppermost and lowermost coil bodies, an electrode joint where the winding terminal portion of the superconducting wire and the electrode are joined is connected to the cooling plate via the cooling block. Can also be connected.
In this case, the cooling block joined to the electrode joint is connected to the cooling plate, so that not only the efficiency of conduction cooling of the electrode joint through the cooling block is improved, but also the electrode joint The joining structure can be strengthened.

本発明の超電導コイルにおいて、前記コイル体を２個備え、各コイル体の前記超電導線材の巻回終端部と前記電極とが接合された電極接合部が近接するようにこれらのコイル体が同軸的に積層され、近接する前記電極接合部間に前記冷却ブロックが配置されてなることもできる。
この場合、各コイル体の電極接合部間に冷却ブロックが配置された構成であるため、電極接合部を冷却ブロックで機械的に補強した構造とすることができる。従って、超電導コイルへの通電時に生じる可能性のある振動などにより電極が位置ずれすることを抑制できる。 In the superconducting coil of the present invention, two coil bodies are provided, and the coil bodies are coaxial so that the winding end portion of the superconducting wire of each coil body and the electrode joint portion where the electrode is joined are close to each other. The cooling block may be arranged between the adjacent electrode joints that are stacked on each other.
In this case, since it is the structure by which the cooling block was arrange | positioned between the electrode junction parts of each coil body, it can be set as the structure which reinforced the electrode junction part with the cooling block. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the electrodes from being displaced due to vibrations that may occur during energization of the superconducting coil.

本発明によれば、超電導線材に電極が接合された電極接合部に、冷凍機に接続された冷却ブロックが接合されている構成であるため、電極接合部を伝導冷却することができ、電極との接続部における発熱を抑制できる超電導コイルを提供できる。   According to the present invention, since the cooling block connected to the refrigerator is joined to the electrode joint where the electrode is joined to the superconducting wire, the electrode joint can be conductively cooled, and the electrode and The superconducting coil which can suppress the heat_generation | fever in a connection part can be provided.

図１は本発明に係る超電導コイルの第１実施形態を示す概略斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a first embodiment of a superconducting coil according to the present invention. 図２は図１に示す超電導コイルが冷凍機に接続された装置の一例構造を示す概略模式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example structure of an apparatus in which the superconducting coil shown in FIG. 1 is connected to a refrigerator. 図３は図１に示す超電導コイルが備える超電導線材の一例構造を示す概略斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing an example structure of a superconducting wire provided in the superconducting coil shown in FIG. 図４は図１に示す超電導コイルの電極接続部および冷却ブロックの構造を模式的に示す上面図である。FIG. 4 is a top view schematically showing the structure of the electrode connecting portion and the cooling block of the superconducting coil shown in FIG. 図５（ａ）は本発明に係る超電導コイルの電極接合部および冷却ブロックの第２の例を示す模式図であり、図５（ｂ）は本発明に係る超電導コイルの冷却ブロックの第３の例を示す断面図である。FIG. 5 (a) is a schematic diagram showing a second example of the electrode junction and cooling block of the superconducting coil according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 (b) is a third example of the cooling block of the superconducting coil according to the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows an example. 本発明の係る超電導コイルの電極接合部と冷却ブロックの接合の一例を模式的に示す分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view which shows typically an example of joining of the electrode junction part of the superconducting coil which concerns on this invention, and a cooling block. 図７（ａ）は本発明に係る超電導コイルの第２実施形態を示す分解斜視図であり、図７（ｂ）は同超電導コイルの正面図である。FIG. 7A is an exploded perspective view showing a second embodiment of the superconducting coil according to the present invention, and FIG. 7B is a front view of the superconducting coil. 図８は本発明に係る超電導コイルの第３実施形態を示す斜視図である。FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the superconducting coil according to the present invention. 図９は本発明に係る超電導コイルの第４実施形態の電極接合部と冷却ブロックの構成を示す模式的に示す上面図である。FIG. 9 is a top view schematically showing the configuration of the electrode joint portion and the cooling block of the fourth embodiment of the superconducting coil according to the present invention. 図１０は本発明に係る超電導コイルの第５実施形態の超電導コイルを備える装置の一例を示す模式図である。FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an apparatus including the superconducting coil of the fifth embodiment of the superconducting coil according to the present invention. 図１１は本発明に係る超電導コイルが備える超電導線材の他の例の構造を示す断面である。FIG. 11 is a cross section showing the structure of another example of the superconducting wire provided in the superconducting coil according to the present invention.

以下、本発明に係る超電導コイルの実施の形態について図面に基づいて説明する。
図１は本発明に係る超電導コイルの第１実施形態を示す概略斜視図であり、図２は図１に示す超電導コイルが冷凍機に接続された装置の一例構造を示す概略模式図であり、図３は図１に示す超電導コイルが備える超電導線材の一例構造を示す概略斜視図であり、図４は図１に示す超電導コイルの電極接続部および冷却ブロックの構造を模式的に示す上面図である。 Embodiments of a superconducting coil according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing a first embodiment of a superconducting coil according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example structure of an apparatus in which the superconducting coil shown in FIG. 1 is connected to a refrigerator. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of the structure of the superconducting wire provided in the superconducting coil shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a top view schematically showing the structure of the electrode connecting portion and the cooling block of the superconducting coil shown in FIG. is there.

図１に示す超電導コイル１０は、同一径のドーナツ状の第１のコイル体２１と第２のコイル体２２とが、同軸的に上下に積層されて構成されている。
第１のコイル体２１は、後述する超電導線材１が安定化層側を外側にして同心円状、反時計回りに多数回巻回されて構成されたパンケーキ型のコイル体である。第２のコイル体２２は、後述する超電導線材１が安定化層側を外側にして同心円状、時計回りに多数回巻回されて構成されたパンケーキ型のコイル体である。なお、各コイル体２１、２２の形状はドーナツ状に限定されず、楕円形のレーストラック状であってもよい。 A superconducting coil 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a donut-shaped first coil body 21 and a second coil body 22 having the same diameter, which are coaxially stacked one above the other.
The first coil body 21 is a pancake-type coil body in which a superconducting wire 1 to be described later is wound many times concentrically and counterclockwise with the stabilization layer side facing outward. The second coil body 22 is a pancake-type coil body that is configured by winding a superconducting wire 1 to be described later many times concentrically and clockwise with the stabilization layer side facing outward. In addition, the shape of each coil body 21 and 22 is not limited to a donut shape, An elliptical race track shape may be sufficient.

各コイル体の内側に位置する第１のコイル体２１の巻回始端と第２のコイル体２２の巻回始端とは、互いに隣接するように配されており、良導電性の接続板（図示略）により、電気的および機械的に接続されている。また、各コイル体２１、２２の最外周において、超電導線材の巻回終端が各コイル体の径方向外側に向かって引き出され、引き出された超電導線材１Ａには、後述の如く平板状の電極５が接合されている。各コイル体２１、２２の巻回終端で超電導線材と電極５が接合された電極接合部７は近接するように配置されており、２つの電極接合部７、７の間には立方体形状の冷却ブロック９が配置されている。冷却ブロック９は冷凍機に接続されており、かつ、２つの電極接合部７、７に接合されている。   The winding start end of the first coil body 21 and the winding start end of the second coil body 22 located inside each coil body are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other. Are connected electrically and mechanically. In addition, at the outermost periphery of each coil body 21, 22, the winding end of the superconducting wire is drawn outward in the radial direction of each coil body, and the drawn superconducting wire 1 A has a flat electrode 5 as described later. Are joined. The electrode joint 7 where the superconducting wire and the electrode 5 are joined at the winding ends of the coil bodies 21 and 22 is disposed so as to be close to each other, and a cubic cooling is provided between the two electrode joints 7 and 7. Block 9 is arranged. The cooling block 9 is connected to the refrigerator and is joined to the two electrode joints 7 and 7.

本実施形態の超電導コイル１０は、図２に示すように冷凍機３８に接続されて使用される。図２に示す装置３０は、真空容器などの収容容器３９の内部に配置された超電導コイル１０と、収容容器３９の内部の超電導コイル１０を臨界温度以下に冷却するための冷凍機３８とを備えて構成されている。超電導コイル１０はその上下方向から銅などの良熱伝導性材料よりなり、各コイル体２１、２２よりも径の大きい円盤状の冷却板３１、３１により挟み込まれており、冷却板３１はその外側において良熱伝導性材料よりなる熱伝導バー３６に接続されている。冷凍機３８と熱伝導バー３６と冷却板３１とは接続されており、これにより冷凍機３８により冷却板３１が伝導冷却され、さらに冷却板３１により超電導コイル１０全体が冷却される構成となっている。   The superconducting coil 10 of this embodiment is used by being connected to a refrigerator 38 as shown in FIG. The apparatus 30 shown in FIG. 2 includes a superconducting coil 10 disposed inside a storage container 39 such as a vacuum container, and a refrigerator 38 for cooling the superconducting coil 10 inside the storage container 39 to a critical temperature or lower. Configured. The superconducting coil 10 is made of a highly heat conductive material such as copper from above and below, and is sandwiched between disk-shaped cooling plates 31 and 31 having a diameter larger than that of the coil bodies 21 and 22, and the cooling plate 31 is outside of the cooling plate 31. Are connected to a heat conduction bar 36 made of a good heat conductive material. The refrigerator 38, the heat conduction bar 36, and the cooling plate 31 are connected, whereby the cooling plate 31 is conductively cooled by the refrigerator 38, and the entire superconducting coil 10 is cooled by the cooling plate 31. Yes.

超電導コイル１０の冷却ブロック９は、良熱伝導性材料よりなる冷却用ケーブル３２を介して、冷凍機３８と接続された良熱伝導性材料よりなる熱伝導バー３７に接続されている。これにより冷凍機３８により冷却ブロック９が伝導冷却され、さらに冷却ブロック９により超電導コイル１０の電極接合部７が冷却される構成となっている。なお、図２に示す装置では、冷却ブロック９が冷却用ケーブル３２の他に、冷却板３１にも接触する構成となっているが、冷却ブロック９は冷却板３１のみを介して冷凍機３８より伝導冷却される構成とすることもできる。
超電導コイル１０の電極接合部７の電極５は電流リード３４、３４を介して収容容器３９の外部の電源３５に接続されており、この電源３５から超電導コイル１０に通電できるようになっている。また、収容容器３９は、真空ポンプ３３に接続されており、内部を目的の真空度に減圧できるように構成されている。 The cooling block 9 of the superconducting coil 10 is connected to a heat conduction bar 37 made of a good heat conductive material connected to a refrigerator 38 via a cooling cable 32 made of a good heat conductive material. Thus, the cooling block 9 is conductively cooled by the refrigerator 38, and the electrode joint 7 of the superconducting coil 10 is further cooled by the cooling block 9. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 2, the cooling block 9 is in contact with the cooling plate 31 in addition to the cooling cable 32, but the cooling block 9 is connected to the refrigerator 38 only through the cooling plate 31. It can also be set as the structure cooled by conduction.
The electrode 5 of the electrode joint 7 of the superconducting coil 10 is connected to a power source 35 outside the container 39 via current leads 34, 34, and the superconducting coil 10 can be energized from this power source 35. The storage container 39 is connected to the vacuum pump 33 and configured to be able to depressurize the inside to a desired degree of vacuum.

図３に示すように、第１のコイル体２１および第２のコイル体２２を構成する超電導線材１は、テープ状の基材１１の上にベッド層１２と中間層１５とキャップ層１６と酸化物超電導層１７とが積層されるとともに、酸化物超電導層１７の上に安定化基層１８と安定化層１９が積層され、全体が絶縁性の被覆層２０で覆われて概略構成されている。超電導線材１において、基材１１とベッド層１２と中間層１５とキャップ層１６と酸化物超電導層１７と安定化基層１８と安定化層１９とから超電導線材本体部１Ａが構成されている。なお、超電導線材１においてベッド層１２は略することもできる。また、図１に示す如く、各コイル体２１、２２の超電導線材１は、その巻回終端側において被覆層２０が除去され、被覆層２０から引き出された状態で、その安定化層１９上に電極５が接合されている。   As shown in FIG. 3, the superconducting wire 1 constituting the first coil body 21 and the second coil body 22 is formed on a tape-like base material 11 with a bed layer 12, an intermediate layer 15, a cap layer 16 and an oxidation. A superconducting layer 17 is laminated, a stabilizing base layer 18 and a stabilizing layer 19 are laminated on the oxide superconducting layer 17, and the whole is covered with an insulating coating layer 20. In the superconducting wire 1, a superconducting wire main body 1 </ b> A is composed of a base material 11, a bed layer 12, an intermediate layer 15, a cap layer 16, an oxide superconducting layer 17, a stabilizing base layer 18, and a stabilizing layer 19. In the superconducting wire 1, the bed layer 12 can be omitted. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the superconducting wire 1 of each of the coil bodies 21 and 22 is formed on the stabilization layer 19 in a state where the coating layer 20 is removed on the winding end side and pulled out from the coating layer 20. The electrode 5 is joined.

本実施形態の超電導線材１に適用できる基材１１は、通常の超電導線材の基材として使用でき、高強度であれば良く、長尺のケーブルとするためにテープ状であることが好ましく、耐熱性の金属からなるものが好ましい。例えば、ハステロイＢ、Ｃ、Ｇ、Ｎ、Ｗ（米国ヘインズ社商品名）などのニッケル合金等の各種金属材料、もしくはこれら各種金属材料上にセラミックスを配したもの、またはニッケル合金に集合組織を導入した配向Ｎ−Ｗ基板のような配向金属基材等が挙げられる。基材１１の厚さは、目的に応じて適宜調整すれば良く、通常は、１０〜５００μｍである。   The base material 11 applicable to the superconducting wire 1 of the present embodiment can be used as a base material of a normal superconducting wire, and may be high strength, and is preferably in the form of a tape in order to make a long cable. Those made of a metallic material are preferred. For example, various metal materials such as Hastelloy B, C, G, N, W (trade name of Haynes, USA) and other nickel alloys, ceramics arranged on these various metal materials, or textures introduced into nickel alloys An oriented metal substrate such as an oriented N—W substrate. What is necessary is just to adjust the thickness of the base material 11 suitably according to the objective, and it is 10-500 micrometers normally.

ベッド層１２は、耐熱性が高く、界面反応性を低減するためのものであり、必要に応じて配され、例えば、Ｙ２Ｏ３、Ｓｉ３Ｎ４、Ａｌ２Ｏ３等から構成される。ベッド層１２の厚さは例えば１０〜２００ｎｍである。 The bed layer 12 has high heat resistance and is intended to reduce interfacial reactivity. The bed layer 12 is arranged as necessary, and is made of, for example, Y 2 O 3 , Si 3 N 4 , Al 2 O 3 or the like. . The thickness of the bed layer 12 is, for example, 10 to 200 nm.

また、本発明において、超電導線材１は図３に示す構造に限るものではなく、基材１１とベッド層１２との間に拡散防止層が介在された構造としても良い。拡散防止層は、Ｓｉ３Ｎ４、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、あるいは希土類金属酸化物等から構成され、その厚さは例えば１０〜４００ｎｍである。 In the present invention, the superconducting wire 1 is not limited to the structure shown in FIG. 3, and may have a structure in which a diffusion preventing layer is interposed between the base material 11 and the bed layer 12. The diffusion prevention layer is made of Si 3 N 4 , Al 2 O 3 , rare earth metal oxide, or the like, and has a thickness of 10 to 400 nm, for example.

中間層１５は、単層構造あるいは複層構造のいずれでも良く、その上に積層される酸化物超電導層１７の結晶配向性を制御するために２軸配向する物質から選択される。中間層１５の好ましい材質として具体的には、Ｇｄ２Ｚｒ２Ｏ７、ＭｇＯ、ＺｒＯ２−Ｙ２Ｏ３（ＹＳＺ）、ＳｒＴｉＯ３、ＣｅＯ２、Ｙ２Ｏ３、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、Ｇｄ２Ｏ３、Ｚｒ２Ｏ３、Ｈｏ２Ｏ３、Ｎｄ２Ｏ３等の金属酸化物を例示することができる。 The intermediate layer 15 may have either a single layer structure or a multilayer structure, and is selected from materials that are biaxially oriented in order to control the crystal orientation of the oxide superconducting layer 17 laminated thereon. Specifically, preferred materials for the intermediate layer 15 are Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 , MgO, ZrO 2 —Y 2 O 3 (YSZ), SrTiO 3 , CeO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3, Gd 2 O. 3 , metal oxides such as Zr 2 O 3 , Ho 2 O 3 and Nd 2 O 3 can be exemplified.

中間層１５の厚さは、目的に応じて適宜調整すれば良いが、通常は、０．００５〜２μｍの範囲とすることができる。
中間層１５は、スパッタ法、真空蒸着法、レーザ蒸着法、電子ビーム蒸着法、イオンビームアシスト蒸着（ＩＢＡＤ）法等の物理的蒸着法、化学気相成長法（ＣＶＤ法）、塗布熱分解法（ＭＯＤ法）、溶射等、酸化物薄膜を形成する公知の方法で積層できる。特に、ＩＢＡＤ法で形成された前記金属酸化物層は、結晶配向性が高く、酸化物超電導層１７やキャップ層１６の結晶配向性を制御する効果が高い点で好ましい。 The thickness of the intermediate layer 15 may be adjusted as appropriate according to the purpose, but is usually in the range of 0.005 to 2 μm.
The intermediate layer 15 is formed by physical vapor deposition such as sputtering, vacuum vapor deposition, laser vapor deposition, electron beam vapor deposition, ion beam assisted vapor deposition (IBAD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), or coating pyrolysis. It can be laminated by a known method for forming an oxide thin film such as (MOD method) or thermal spraying. In particular, the metal oxide layer formed by the IBAD method is preferable in that the crystal orientation is high and the effect of controlling the crystal orientation of the oxide superconducting layer 17 and the cap layer 16 is high.

キャップ層１６は、中間層１５よりも高い面内配向度が得られ、好ましい材質として具体的には、ＣｅＯ２、Ｙ２Ｏ３、Ａｌ２Ｏ３、Ｇｄ２Ｏ３、Ｚｒ２Ｏ３、Ｈｏ２Ｏ３、Ｎｄ２Ｏ３等が例示できる。キャップ層１６は、ＰＬＤ法（パルスレーザ蒸着法）、スパッタリング法等で成膜することができ、大きな成膜速度を得られる点でＰＬＤ法を用いることが望ましい。
キャップ層１６の膜厚は、５００〜１０００ｎｍとすることが好ましい。 The cap layer 16 has a higher in-plane orientation than the intermediate layer 15, and specific examples of preferable materials include CeO 2 , Y 2 O 3 , Al 2 O 3 , Gd 2 O 3 , Zr 2 O 3 , Examples thereof include Ho 2 O 3 and Nd 2 O 3 . The cap layer 16 can be formed by a PLD method (pulse laser deposition method), a sputtering method, or the like, and it is desirable to use the PLD method in that a high film formation rate can be obtained.
The film thickness of the cap layer 16 is preferably 500 to 1000 nm.

酸化物超電導層１７は公知のもので良く、具体的には、ＲＥＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏｙ（ＲＥはＹ、Ｌａ、Ｎｄ、Ｓｍ、Ｅｒ、Ｇｄ等の希土類元素を表す）なる材質のものを例示できる。この酸化物超電導層１７として、Ｙ１２３（ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７−Ｘ）又はＧｄ１２３（ＧｄＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７−Ｘ）などを例示することができる。
酸化物超電導層１７の厚みは、０．５〜５μｍ程度であって、均一な厚みであることが好ましい。
酸化物超電導層１７は、スパッタ法、真空蒸着法、レーザ蒸着法、電子ビーム蒸着法等の物理的蒸着法、化学気相成長法（ＣＶＤ法）、塗布熱分解法（ＭＯＤ法）等で積層することができる。 The oxide superconducting layer 17 may be a known one, and specifically, a material made of REBa 2 Cu 3 O y (RE represents a rare earth element such as Y, La, Nd, Sm, Er, Gd) is exemplified. it can. Examples of the oxide superconducting layer 17 include Y123 (YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-X ) or Gd123 (GdBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-X ).
The oxide superconducting layer 17 has a thickness of about 0.5 to 5 μm and preferably a uniform thickness.
The oxide superconducting layer 17 is stacked by physical vapor deposition such as sputtering, vacuum vapor deposition, laser vapor deposition, and electron beam vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and coating pyrolysis (MOD). can do.

酸化物超電導層１７の上に積層されている安定化基層１８はＡｇあるいは貴金属などの良電導性かつ酸化物超電導層１７と接触抵抗が低くなじみの良い金属材料からなる層として形成される。Ａｇの安定化基層１８を成膜するには、スパッタ法などの成膜法を採用し、その厚さを１〜３０μｍ程度に形成できる。   The stabilizing base layer 18 laminated on the oxide superconducting layer 17 is formed as a layer made of a metal material having good conductivity, such as Ag or a noble metal, having a low contact resistance with the oxide superconducting layer 17 and a good compatibility. In order to form the Ag stabilizing base layer 18, a film forming method such as a sputtering method can be employed, and the thickness thereof can be formed to about 1 to 30 μm.

安定化層１９は、良導電性の金属材料からなることが好ましく、酸化物超電導層１７が超電導状態から常電導状態に遷移しようとした時に、安定化基層１８とともに、酸化物超電導層１７の電流が転流するバイパスとして機能する。
安定化層１９を構成する金属材料としては、良導電性を有するものであればよく、特に限定されないが、銅、黄銅（Ｃｕ−Ｚｎ合金）等の銅合金、ステンレス等の比較的安価なものを用いるのが好ましく、中でも高い導電性を有し、安価であることから銅がより好ましい。
安定化層１９の厚さは１０〜３００μｍとすることが好ましい。安定化層１９は、公知の方法で形成することができ、めっき法、スパッタ法あるいは銅などの金属テープを安定化基層１８上に半田付けする方法などにより形成することができる。 The stabilization layer 19 is preferably made of a highly conductive metal material. When the oxide superconducting layer 17 attempts to transition from the superconducting state to the normal conducting state, the current of the oxide superconducting layer 17 together with the stabilizing base layer 18 is determined. Functions as a bypass to commutate.
The metal material constituting the stabilization layer 19 is not particularly limited as long as it has good conductivity, but is relatively inexpensive, such as copper alloys such as copper and brass (Cu-Zn alloy), and stainless steel. It is preferable to use copper, and copper is more preferable because it has high conductivity and is inexpensive.
The thickness of the stabilization layer 19 is preferably 10 to 300 μm. The stabilization layer 19 can be formed by a known method, and can be formed by a plating method, a sputtering method, or a method of soldering a metal tape such as copper on the stabilization base layer 18.

以上のように構成された超電導線材１の巻回終端部において、超電導線材１の安定化層１９上に電極５が接合されている。図４は、本実施形態の超電導コイルにおける電極接続部７と冷却ブロック９の構造を模式的に示す上面図である。なお、第１のコイル体２１と第２のコイル体２２との電極接続部の構造は、各コイル体を構成する超電導線材の巻回方向が逆であること、電極接続部における電極の接合方向が周方向逆向きである。図４に示す上面図において、左側に位置する電極接合部７は積層方向下側の第１のコイル体２１より引き出された超電導線材本体部１Ａと電極５との接合構造であり、右側に位置する電極接合部７は積層方向上側の第２のコイル体２２より引き出された超電導線材本体部１Ａと電極５との接合構造である。   The electrode 5 is joined to the stabilization layer 19 of the superconducting wire 1 at the winding end portion of the superconducting wire 1 configured as described above. FIG. 4 is a top view schematically showing the structure of the electrode connecting portion 7 and the cooling block 9 in the superconducting coil of this embodiment. In addition, the structure of the electrode connection part of the 1st coil body 21 and the 2nd coil body 22 is that the winding direction of the superconducting wire which comprises each coil body is reverse, and the joining direction of the electrode in an electrode connection part Is opposite in the circumferential direction. In the top view shown in FIG. 4, the electrode joint portion 7 located on the left side is a joining structure of the superconducting wire main body 1 </ b> A drawn from the first coil body 21 on the lower side in the stacking direction and the electrode 5, and is located on the right side. The electrode joining portion 7 is a joining structure between the electrode 5 and the superconducting wire main body 1A drawn from the second coil body 22 on the upper side in the stacking direction.

各コイル体２１、２２の電極接合部７において、巻回終端で被覆層２０が所定の長さ除去され、被覆層２０から引き出された基材１１〜安定化層１９の積層体、すなわち超電導線材本体部１Ａは、折り曲げ部１Ｋからコイル体径方向外側に向かって所定長さ延設されている。超電導線材本体部１Ａは折り曲げ部１Ｋにおいて、安定化層１９側を内側、基材１１側を外側として折り曲げられている。
電極接合部７の超電導線材本体部１Ａの安定化層１９表面上には、平板状の電極５が半田等の電気的接合材により接合されている。 In the electrode joint portion 7 of each coil body 21, 22, the coating layer 20 is removed at a predetermined length at the winding end, and a laminate of the base material 11 to the stabilization layer 19 drawn from the coating layer 20, that is, a superconducting wire. The main body 1A extends from the bent portion 1K to the outside in the coil body radial direction by a predetermined length. The superconducting wire main body 1A is bent at the bent portion 1K with the stabilization layer 19 side as the inner side and the base material 11 side as the outer side.
On the surface of the stabilization layer 19 of the superconducting wire main body 1A of the electrode joint portion 7, a flat electrode 5 is joined by an electrical joint material such as solder.

超電導線材本体部１Ａの先端部１ａと電極５の先端部５ａは、略同一位置とされている。電極５の先端部５ａは外部励磁用電源（図示略）などの外部機器の端子と直接接続されていてもよく、図２に示すように電力リード３４を介して電源３５に接続されていてもよい。
電極５は、電極材料として従来公知の材料を用いることが可能であり、高い導電性を有する金属、例えば、銅、銀、金、白金、またはこれらの金属を少なくとも１種含む合金が挙げられ、中でも安価で導電率の優れた銅が好ましい。また、電極５はめっき銅より形成されていてもよい。電極５の寸法は各コイル体２１、２２の寸法に合わせて適宜調整される。電極５の幅方向の寸法は、接続抵抗を抑えることができるため、超電導線材１の幅と略同一とされることが好ましい。電極５の厚さは、特に制限されず、通電電流値、接続作業性、機械強度などを考慮して適宜調整すればよく、例えば、１〜３ｍｍ程度とされる。 The front end 1a of the superconducting wire main body 1A and the front end 5a of the electrode 5 are substantially at the same position. The tip 5a of the electrode 5 may be directly connected to a terminal of an external device such as an external excitation power source (not shown), or may be connected to a power source 35 via a power lead 34 as shown in FIG. Good.
The electrode 5 can be a conventionally known material as an electrode material, and includes a metal having high conductivity, for example, copper, silver, gold, platinum, or an alloy containing at least one of these metals. Of these, copper that is inexpensive and excellent in electrical conductivity is preferable. The electrode 5 may be made of plated copper. The dimensions of the electrode 5 are appropriately adjusted according to the dimensions of the coil bodies 21 and 22. The dimension in the width direction of the electrode 5 is preferably substantially the same as the width of the superconducting wire 1 because connection resistance can be suppressed. The thickness of the electrode 5 is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately adjusted in consideration of an energization current value, connection workability, mechanical strength, and the like.

電極５と、超電導線材本体部１Ａの安定化層１９との接合は、電気的および機械的に接続されていればよく、例えば、半田付け、導電性接着剤等により接合することができるが、汎用性、接合性、取り扱いの容易性の点で半田が好ましい。半田としては、特に限定されず、例えば、Ｐｂ−Ｓｎ系合金半田、Ｓｎ−Ａｇ系合金、Ｓｎ−Ｂｉ系合金、Ｓｎ−Ｃｕ系合金、Ｓｎ−Ｚｎ系合金等の鉛フリー半田、共晶半田、低温半田等が挙げられ、これらの半田を１種または２種以上組み合わせて用いることができる。これらの中でも、融点が３００℃以下の半田を用いるのが好ましい。これにより、３００℃以下の温度で半田付けすることが可能となるので、半田付けの熱によって酸化物超電導層１７の特性が劣化することを抑止することができる。   The electrode 5 and the superconducting wire main body 1A may be joined to the stabilization layer 19 as long as they are electrically and mechanically connected. For example, they can be joined by soldering, a conductive adhesive, Solder is preferable in terms of versatility, bondability, and ease of handling. The solder is not particularly limited. For example, lead-free solder such as Pb—Sn alloy solder, Sn—Ag alloy, Sn—Bi alloy, Sn—Cu alloy, Sn—Zn alloy, eutectic solder, etc. , Low temperature solder, and the like. These solders can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, it is preferable to use solder having a melting point of 300 ° C. or lower. As a result, soldering can be performed at a temperature of 300 ° C. or lower, so that the deterioration of the characteristics of the oxide superconducting layer 17 due to the heat of soldering can be suppressed.

電極接合部７に接合されている冷却ブロック９は、熱伝導性の絶縁材より形成されている。冷却ブロック９を構成する材料の熱伝導性としては、常温における熱伝導率が５０Ｗ／ｍ／Ｋ以上であることが好ましい。冷却ブロック９を構成する材料の常温における熱伝導率の上限値は特に限定されず、絶縁性であれば熱伝導率が高い程好ましい。
また、冷却ブロック９は、絶縁破壊電圧が１ＭＶ／ｃｍ以上である絶縁材よりなることが好ましい。本実施形態の超電導コイル１０は、冷却ブロック９において１ｋＶ程度の絶縁が保たれていればよく、このような絶縁を保つためには、冷却ブロック９の厚さを１０μｍ以上とすることが好ましい。冷却ブロック９の寸法は、特に制限されず、各コイル体２１、２２や電極接合部７の寸法に応じて適宜調整可能である。
冷却ブロック９の材質としては、前記した高熱伝導率を有する絶縁材である窒化アルミニウム（常温における熱伝導率１００〜３５０Ｗ／ｍ／Ｋ、絶縁破壊電圧１１．７ＭＶ／ｃｍ）または炭化珪素（常温における熱伝導率５０〜３５０Ｗ／ｍ／Ｋ、絶縁破壊電圧２．０ＭＶ／ｃｍ）が好ましい。これらの材質より冷却ブロック９が構成されることにより、電極接合部７との絶縁性を保ちつつ、冷凍機から冷却ブロック９を介して電極接合部７へと効率的に伝導冷却ができ、電極接合部７の発熱を抑えることができる。 The cooling block 9 joined to the electrode joining portion 7 is formed of a heat conductive insulating material. As the thermal conductivity of the material constituting the cooling block 9, the thermal conductivity at room temperature is preferably 50 W / m / K or more. The upper limit of the thermal conductivity at normal temperature of the material constituting the cooling block 9 is not particularly limited, and the higher the thermal conductivity, the better if it is insulating.
The cooling block 9 is preferably made of an insulating material having a dielectric breakdown voltage of 1 MV / cm or more. The superconducting coil 10 of this embodiment is only required to maintain insulation of about 1 kV in the cooling block 9. In order to maintain such insulation, the thickness of the cooling block 9 is preferably set to 10 μm or more. The dimensions of the cooling block 9 are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately adjusted according to the dimensions of the coil bodies 21 and 22 and the electrode joint portion 7.
As a material of the cooling block 9, aluminum nitride (thermal conductivity at normal temperature 100 to 350 W / m / K, dielectric breakdown voltage 11.7 MV / cm) or silicon carbide (at normal temperature) which is an insulating material having high thermal conductivity described above. Thermal conductivity of 50 to 350 W / m / K, dielectric breakdown voltage of 2.0 MV / cm) is preferable. By forming the cooling block 9 from these materials, it is possible to efficiently conduct cooling from the refrigerator to the electrode joint 7 through the cooling block 9 while maintaining insulation with the electrode joint 7. Heat generation at the joint 7 can be suppressed.

冷却ブロック９は、全体が前記した熱伝導性の絶縁材より形成されていてもよいが、少なくとも電極接合部７と接触する部分が熱伝導性の絶縁材より形成されている構成でもよい。図５（ａ）は本発明に係る超電導コイル１０の電極接合部７および冷却ブロック９の第２の例を示す模式図であり、図５（ｂ）は本発明に係る超電導コイル１０の冷却ブロック９の第３の例を示す断面図である。なお、図５（ａ）において、図４に示す電極接合部７と同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付し、同一要素の説明は省略する。   The cooling block 9 may be entirely formed of the above-described heat conductive insulating material, but may be configured such that at least a portion in contact with the electrode joint 7 is formed of a heat conductive insulating material. FIG. 5A is a schematic view showing a second example of the electrode joint 7 and the cooling block 9 of the superconducting coil 10 according to the present invention, and FIG. 5B is a cooling block of the superconducting coil 10 according to the present invention. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a third example of FIG. In FIG. 5A, the same components as those of the electrode joint portion 7 shown in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the same components is omitted.

図５（ａ）に示す例において、冷却ブロック９Ｂは、電極接合部７と接触する面９ａ、９ａが前述した熱伝導性の絶縁材より形成されており、これらの面９ａ、９ａ間に挟まれた部分は、銅などの良熱伝導性材料から構成されている。この例の冷却ブロック９Ｂも、前記した第１実施形態の冷却ブロック９と同様に、電極接合部７との絶縁性を保ちつつ、冷凍機から冷却ブロック９を介して電極接合部７へと効率的に伝導冷却ができ、電極接合部７の発熱を抑えることができる。   In the example shown in FIG. 5A, in the cooling block 9B, the surfaces 9a and 9a that are in contact with the electrode joint portion 7 are formed of the above-described thermally conductive insulating material, and are sandwiched between these surfaces 9a and 9a. These parts are made of a good heat conductive material such as copper. Similarly to the cooling block 9 of the first embodiment described above, the cooling block 9B of this example is also efficient from the refrigerator to the electrode joint 7 via the cooling block 9 while maintaining insulation with the electrode joint 7. Thus, conductive cooling can be performed, and heat generation at the electrode joint 7 can be suppressed.

また、本発明に係る超電導コイルにおいて、図５（ｂ）に示す冷却ブロック９Ｃのように、外側に位置する面９ｃが前述した熱伝導性の絶縁材より形成されており、これらの面９ｃに囲まれた内側の部分９ｄが銅などの良熱伝導性材料から構成されていてもよい。面９ｃは、例えば、内側の部分９ｄに対して溶射などにより熱伝導性の絶縁材をコーティングすることで形成できる。この例の冷却ブロック９Ｃは、外側に位置する面９ｃが電極接合部７と接触する構成となるため、前記した第１実施形態の冷却ブロック９と同様に、電極接合部７との絶縁性を保ちつつ、冷凍機から冷却ブロック９を介して電極接合部７へと効率的に伝導冷却ができ、電極接合部７の発熱を抑えることができる。   Further, in the superconducting coil according to the present invention, as in the cooling block 9C shown in FIG. 5B, the outer surface 9c is formed of the above-described heat conductive insulating material, and these surfaces 9c are formed on the surface 9c. The enclosed inner portion 9d may be made of a good heat conductive material such as copper. The surface 9c can be formed, for example, by coating the inner portion 9d with a thermally conductive insulating material by spraying or the like. Since the cooling block 9C in this example has a configuration in which the outer surface 9c is in contact with the electrode joint 7, the insulation with the electrode joint 7 is provided in the same manner as the cooling block 9 of the first embodiment described above. While being maintained, conductive cooling can be efficiently conducted from the refrigerator to the electrode joint portion 7 via the cooling block 9, and heat generation at the electrode joint portion 7 can be suppressed.

冷却ブロック９と電極接合部７の超電導線材本体部１Ａとの接合は、機械的に接続されていればよく、例えば、エポキシ樹脂などの接着剤等により接合することができる。
また、冷却ブロック９と電極接合部７との接合は、図６に示すようにねじ等の固定具４２により行ってもよい。この場合、電極接合部７の超電導線材本体部１Ａが固定具４２により損傷されて超電導特性が劣化することを防ぐため、電極接合部７の電極５の一部を超電導線材本体部１Ａよりも幅広に形成し、この幅広部分５Ｈに穴４１を形成し、穴４１を介して固定具４２を冷却ブロック９に形成したねじ孔４３に螺合することにより電極５と冷却ブロック９とを固定して接合すればよい。 The cooling block 9 and the superconducting wire main body portion 1A of the electrode joint portion 7 may be joined mechanically, for example, with an adhesive such as an epoxy resin.
Further, the cooling block 9 and the electrode joint portion 7 may be joined by a fixture 42 such as a screw as shown in FIG. In this case, in order to prevent the superconducting wire main body 1A of the electrode joint 7 from being damaged by the fixture 42 and deteriorating the superconducting characteristics, a part of the electrode 5 of the electrode joint 7 is wider than the superconducting wire main body 1A. The electrode 5 and the cooling block 9 are fixed by forming a hole 41 in the wide portion 5H and screwing the fixture 42 into the screw hole 43 formed in the cooling block 9 through the hole 41. What is necessary is just to join.

本実施形態の超電導コイル１０は、電極接合部７において常電導体である電極５のほぼ全体に亘って、超電導線材本体部１Ａの安定化層１９が接合されて電気的に接続された構造である。そのため、電極５の接続抵抗を低減でき、ジュール熱の発生を抑制して電極接続部７における発熱を抑えることができる。さらに、電極接合部７に冷凍機に接続された冷却ブロック９が接続されていることにより、電極接続部７で発熱が起こった場合にも、伝導冷却により電極接続部７を冷却することができる。従って、本実施形態の超電導コイル１０は、電極との接続部における発熱が少なく、安定に運転できる。   The superconducting coil 10 of the present embodiment has a structure in which the stabilization layer 19 of the superconducting wire main body 1A is joined and electrically connected to almost the entire electrode 5 that is a normal conductor in the electrode joint 7. is there. Therefore, the connection resistance of the electrode 5 can be reduced, generation of Joule heat can be suppressed, and heat generation at the electrode connection portion 7 can be suppressed. Further, since the cooling block 9 connected to the refrigerator is connected to the electrode joint portion 7, the electrode connection portion 7 can be cooled by conduction cooling even when heat is generated in the electrode connection portion 7. . Therefore, the superconducting coil 10 of this embodiment generates little heat at the connection portion with the electrode and can be operated stably.

また、本実施形態の超電導コイル１０は、冷却ブロック９により電極接合部７の電極５が冷却される構成であるため、電極５に接続された電流リードからの熱進入を抑え、電極５の発熱を抑えることができる。
さらに、本実施形態の超電導コイル１０は、各コイル体２１、２２の電極接合部７、７間に冷却ブロック９が配置された構成であるため、電極接合部７、７を冷却ブロック９で機械的に補強した構造とすることができる。従って、超電導コイル１０への通電時に生じる可能性のある振動などにより電極５が位置ずれすることを抑制できる。また、接合部分の強度が高いので、他の端子との接続の作業性が向上する。 In addition, since the superconducting coil 10 of the present embodiment has a configuration in which the electrode 5 of the electrode joint 7 is cooled by the cooling block 9, the heat entry from the current lead connected to the electrode 5 is suppressed, and the heat generation of the electrode 5. Can be suppressed.
Further, since the superconducting coil 10 of the present embodiment has a configuration in which the cooling block 9 is disposed between the electrode joints 7 and 7 of the coil bodies 21 and 22, the electrode joints 7 and 7 are machined by the cooling block 9. It can be set as a reinforced structure. Therefore, it is possible to suppress displacement of the electrode 5 due to vibrations that may occur when the superconducting coil 10 is energized. Moreover, since the strength of the joint portion is high, the workability of connection with other terminals is improved.

また、本実施形態の超電導コイル１０は、超電導線材１を安定化層１９側を外側として巻回したコイル体２１、２２より構成され、且つ電極接続部７において超電導線材本体部１Ａの巻回終端部が安定化層１９を内側とし、基材１１を外側としてコイル径方向外側に折り曲げられた構成である。そのため、超電導線材本体部１Ａの折り曲げ部１Ｋにおいて、酸化物超電導層１７に圧縮応力がかかるので酸化物超電導層１７が劣化せず、折り曲げにより超電導特性が低下することを抑制できる。これは、酸化物超電導層に引張応力がかかると酸化物超電導層にマイクロクラックなどの欠陥を導入してしまう可能性が強く、この欠陥の導入により酸化物超電導層の臨界電流密度を著しく低下させてしまう問題があるのに対し、酸化物超電導層に圧縮応力がかかる場合には前記欠陥を導入させてしまう可能性が少ないことに起因している。   The superconducting coil 10 of this embodiment is composed of coil bodies 21 and 22 in which the superconducting wire 1 is wound with the stabilization layer 19 side as the outside, and the winding end of the superconducting wire main body 1A at the electrode connection portion 7. The part is configured to be bent outward in the radial direction of the coil with the stabilizing layer 19 as the inner side and the base material 11 as the outer side. Therefore, compressive stress is applied to the oxide superconducting layer 17 in the bent portion 1K of the superconducting wire main body 1A, so that the oxide superconducting layer 17 is not deteriorated, and the superconducting characteristics can be prevented from being lowered by bending. This is because when tensile stress is applied to the oxide superconducting layer, there is a strong possibility of introducing defects such as microcracks into the oxide superconducting layer. This defect significantly reduces the critical current density of the oxide superconducting layer. This is because, when compressive stress is applied to the oxide superconducting layer, the possibility of introducing the defect is low.

上述の第１実施形態の超電導コイル１０では、冷却ブロック９が電極接合部７、７の間に配置された構造を示したが、本発明の超電導コイルはこの例に限定されない。図７（ａ）は本発明に係る超電導コイルの第２実施形態を示す分解斜視図であり、図７（ｂ）は同超電導コイルの正面図であり、図８は本発明に係る超電導コイルの第３実施形態を示す斜視図である。図７および図８において、上記第１実施形態の超電導コイル１０と同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付し、同一要素の説明は省略する。   In the superconducting coil 10 of the first embodiment described above, the structure in which the cooling block 9 is disposed between the electrode joints 7 and 7 is shown, but the superconducting coil of the present invention is not limited to this example. FIG. 7 (a) is an exploded perspective view showing a second embodiment of the superconducting coil according to the present invention, FIG. 7 (b) is a front view of the superconducting coil, and FIG. 8 is a diagram of the superconducting coil according to the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows 3rd Embodiment. 7 and 8, the same components as those of the superconducting coil 10 of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the same components is omitted.

図７に示す超電導コイル１０Ｂは、上記第１実施形態の超電導コイル１０とは、冷却ブロック９の設置位置が異なっている。本実施形態の超電導コイル１０において、超電導線材１から引き出された超電導線材本体部１Ａは折り曲げ部１Ｋでコイル系方向外側に向かって基材１１側を外側にして折り曲げられており、超電導線材本体部１Ａの安定化層１９上の電極５が接合されて電極接合部７を構成している。電極接合部７の電極５には、冷凍機に接続された立方体形状の冷却ブロック９が接合されている。本実施形態の超電導コイル１０Ｂは、図２に示す例と同様に冷凍機に接続されて使用される。超電導コイル１０Ｂはその上下方向から冷凍機に接続された冷却板３１、３１により挟み込まれ、冷凍機から伝導冷却される構成となる。   The superconducting coil 10B shown in FIG. 7 differs from the superconducting coil 10 of the first embodiment in the installation position of the cooling block 9. In the superconducting coil 10 of the present embodiment, the superconducting wire main body 1A drawn from the superconducting wire 1 is bent at the bent portion 1K with the base material 11 side outward toward the outside in the coil system direction. The electrode 5 on the 1A stabilization layer 19 is joined to form the electrode joint 7. A cube-shaped cooling block 9 connected to a refrigerator is joined to the electrode 5 of the electrode joint 7. The superconducting coil 10B of this embodiment is used by being connected to a refrigerator as in the example shown in FIG. The superconducting coil 10B is sandwiched between cooling plates 31 and 31 connected to the refrigerator from above and below, and is conductively cooled from the refrigerator.

図７（ｂ）に示すように、第１のコイル体２１の電極接合部７と接合された冷却ブロック９は、下側の冷却板３１に接着剤または固定具などにより接合されている。また、第２のコイル体２２の電極接合部７と接合された冷却ブロック９は、上側の冷却板３１に接着剤または固定具などにより接合されている。このように、電極接合部７と接合された冷却ブロック９が冷却板３１とも接合する構成とすることにより、冷却ブロック９を介した電極接合部７の伝導冷却の効率が向上するだけでなく、電極接合部７の接合構造を強固にすることができる。
本実施形態の超電導コイル１０Ｂも上記第１実施形態の超電導コイル１０と同様に、電極の接続部の発熱を抑えることができる。 As shown in FIG. 7B, the cooling block 9 joined to the electrode joining portion 7 of the first coil body 21 is joined to the lower cooling plate 31 with an adhesive or a fixture. The cooling block 9 joined to the electrode joining portion 7 of the second coil body 22 is joined to the upper cooling plate 31 by an adhesive or a fixture. As described above, the cooling block 9 joined to the electrode joint 7 is also joined to the cooling plate 31 to improve the efficiency of conduction cooling of the electrode joint 7 via the cooling block 9. The joining structure of the electrode joining part 7 can be strengthened.
Similarly to the superconducting coil 10 of the first embodiment, the superconducting coil 10B of the present embodiment can also suppress heat generation at the electrode connection portion.

図８に示す超電導コイル１０Ｃは、上記第１実施形態の超電導コイル１０とは、冷却ブロック９の設置位置が異なっている。本実施形態の超電導コイル１０Ｃにおいて、各コイル体２１、２２の電極接合部７、７を内部に含むように冷却ブロック９Ｄが配置されている。すなわち、冷却ブロック９Ｄを貫通するように電極接合部７、７が設けられている。
この例の超電導コイル１０Ｃでは、上記第１および第２実施形態の超電導コイル１０、１０Ｂよりも、電極接合部７と冷却ブロック９Ｄとの接触面積を大きくとることができ、冷凍機が接続された冷却ブロック９Ｄから電極接合部７をより効果的に伝導冷却することができる。また、電極接合部７が冷却ブロック９Ｄを貫通する構造であるため、電極接合部７の接合構造をより強固にすることができる。 The superconducting coil 10C shown in FIG. 8 is different from the superconducting coil 10 of the first embodiment in the installation position of the cooling block 9. In the superconducting coil 10 </ b> C of the present embodiment, a cooling block 9 </ b> D is disposed so as to include the electrode joint portions 7 and 7 of the coil bodies 21 and 22. That is, the electrode joints 7 and 7 are provided so as to penetrate the cooling block 9D.
In the superconducting coil 10C of this example, the contact area between the electrode joint 7 and the cooling block 9D can be made larger than the superconducting coils 10 and 10B of the first and second embodiments, and the refrigerator is connected. The electrode junction 7 can be more effectively conductively cooled from the cooling block 9D. Further, since the electrode joint portion 7 has a structure that penetrates the cooling block 9D, the joint structure of the electrode joint portion 7 can be further strengthened.

上述の第１〜第３実施形態の超電導コイル１０、１０Ｂ、１０Ｃでは、コイル径方向に折り曲げられた超電導線材本体部１Ａに、平板状の電極５が接合された例を示したが、本発明の超電導コイルはこの例に限定されない。図９は本発明に係る超電導コイルの第４実施形態の電極接合部と冷却ブロックの構造を模式的に示す上面図である。図９において、上記第１実施形態の超電導コイル１０と同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付し、同一要素の説明は省略する。なお、図９に示す上面図において、左側に位置する電極接合部７は積層方向下側の第１のコイル体２１より引き出された超電導線材本体部１Ａと電極５との接合構造であり、右側に位置する電極接合部７は積層方向上側の第２のコイル体２２より引き出された超電導線材本体部１Ａと電極５との接合構造である。   In the superconducting coils 10, 10 </ b> B, and 10 </ b> C of the first to third embodiments described above, the example in which the flat electrode 5 is joined to the superconducting wire main body 1 </ b> A bent in the coil radial direction is shown. The superconducting coil is not limited to this example. FIG. 9 is a top view schematically showing the structure of the electrode joint portion and the cooling block of the fourth embodiment of the superconducting coil according to the present invention. In FIG. 9, the same components as those of the superconducting coil 10 of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the same components is omitted. In the top view shown in FIG. 9, the electrode joint portion 7 located on the left side is a joint structure of the superconducting wire main body portion 1A drawn from the first coil body 21 on the lower side in the stacking direction and the electrode 5, and the right side The electrode joint portion 7 located at is a joint structure between the electrode 5 and the superconducting wire main body portion 1A drawn from the second coil body 22 on the upper side in the stacking direction.

本実施形態の超電導コイル１０Ｄは、各コイル体２１、２２の電極接合部７において、巻回終端で被覆層２０が所定の長さ除去され、被覆層２０から引き出された超電導線材本体部１Ａは、コイル体周方向に沿って所定長さ延設された後、折り曲げ部１Ｋからコイル体径方向外側に向かって所定長さ延設されている。超電導線材本体部１Ａは折り曲げ部１Ｋにおいて、安定化層１９側を内側、基材１１側を外側として折り曲げられている。
電極接合部７の超電導線材本体部１Ａの安定化層１９の表面上には、電極５Ｂが接合されている。電極５Ｂは超電導線材本体部１Ａの形状に沿って超電導線材本体部１Ａの巻回終端部と一体化されており、コイル体周方向に沿う周側部５Ｓとコイル体径方向外側に延出された延出部５Ｅとで構成されている。電極５Ｂは折り曲げ部５Ｋにおいて折り曲げられた構造となっている。
超電導線材１Ａの周側部１Ｓの安定化層１９と、電極５Ｂの周側部５Ｓは、半田等の電気的接合材により接合されている。また、超電導線材１Ａの延出部１Ｅの安定化層１９と、電極５Ｂの延出部５Ｅは、半田等の電気的接合材により接合されている。 In the superconducting coil 10D of this embodiment, the coating layer 20 is removed by a predetermined length at the winding end in the electrode joints 7 of the coil bodies 21 and 22, and the superconducting wire main body 1A drawn from the coating layer 20 is After a predetermined length is extended along the circumferential direction of the coil body, the predetermined length is extended from the bent portion 1K toward the outside in the radial direction of the coil body. The superconducting wire main body 1A is bent at the bent portion 1K with the stabilization layer 19 side as the inner side and the base material 11 side as the outer side.
An electrode 5B is bonded on the surface of the stabilization layer 19 of the superconducting wire main body 1A of the electrode bonding portion 7. The electrode 5B is integrated with the winding terminal portion of the superconducting wire main body 1A along the shape of the superconducting wire main body 1A, and extends to the outer side in the coil body radial direction and the circumferential side 5S along the coil body circumferential direction. And extending portion 5E. The electrode 5B has a structure bent at the bent portion 5K.
The stabilization layer 19 of the peripheral side portion 1S of the superconducting wire 1A and the peripheral side portion 5S of the electrode 5B are joined by an electrical joining material such as solder. Further, the stabilization layer 19 of the extending portion 1E of the superconducting wire 1A and the extending portion 5E of the electrode 5B are joined by an electrical joining material such as solder.

超電導線材本体部１Ａの先端部１ａと電極５Ｂの先端部５ａは、略同一位置とされている。超電導線材本体部１Ａの折り曲げ部１Ｋの内側（安定化層１９側）と、電極５Ｂの折り曲げ部５Ｋの外側は、半田等の電気的接合材により接合されている。電極５Ｂの先端部５ａは外部励磁用電源（図示略）などの外部機器の端子と直接接続されていてもよく、電力リード（図示略）などを介して接続されていてもよい。
電極５Ｂの材質は上記した電極５と同様である。電極５Ｂの寸法は各コイル体２１、２２の寸法に合わせて適宜調整される。電極５Ｂの幅方向の寸法は、接続抵抗を抑えることができるため、超電導線材１の幅と略同一とされることが好ましい。電極５Ｂの厚さは、特に制限されないが、折り曲げが可能な程度の厚さ、例えば、１〜３ｍｍ程度とされる。
電極５Ｂと超電導線材本体部１Ａの安定化層１９との接合は、上記した電極５と超電導線材本体部１Ａとの接合方法と同様である。 The tip portion 1a of the superconducting wire main body 1A and the tip portion 5a of the electrode 5B are substantially at the same position. The inner side (stabilization layer 19 side) of the bent portion 1K of the superconducting wire main body 1A and the outer side of the bent portion 5K of the electrode 5B are joined by an electrical bonding material such as solder. The tip 5a of the electrode 5B may be directly connected to a terminal of an external device such as an external excitation power source (not shown) or may be connected via a power lead (not shown).
The material of the electrode 5B is the same as that of the electrode 5 described above. The dimensions of the electrode 5B are appropriately adjusted according to the dimensions of the coil bodies 21 and 22. The dimension in the width direction of the electrode 5B is preferably substantially the same as the width of the superconducting wire 1 because the connection resistance can be suppressed. The thickness of the electrode 5B is not particularly limited, but is set to a thickness that allows bending, for example, about 1 to 3 mm.
The joining of the electrode 5B and the stabilization layer 19 of the superconducting wire main body 1A is the same as the joining method of the electrode 5 and the superconducting wire main body 1A.

本実施形態の超電導コイル１０Ｄは、電極接合部７において常電導体である電極５Ｂの周側部５Ｓから延出部５Ｅに亘って、超電導線材本体部１Ａの安定化層１９が接合されて電気的に接続された構造であるため、電極５Ｂの接続抵抗を低減でき、ジュール熱の発生を抑制して電極接続部における発熱を抑えることができる。さらに、電極接合部７に冷凍機に接続された冷却ブロック９が接続されていることにより、電極接続部７で発熱が起こった場合にも、伝導冷却により電極接続部７を冷却することができる。従って、本実施形態の超電導コイル１０Ｄは、電極との接続部における発熱が少なく、安定に運転できる。
また、電極５Ｂの周側部５Ｓと延出部５Ｅの両方が超電導線材本体部１Ａの安定化層に半田付けされている場合、超電導線材１の巻回終端部の折り曲げ部分を電極５Ｂで補強した接合構造とすることができる。従って、超電導コイル１０Ｄへの通電時に生じる可能性のある振動などにより電極５Ｂが位置ずれすることを抑制できる。また、接合部分の強度が高いので、他の端子との接続の作業性が向上する。 In the superconducting coil 10D of the present embodiment, the stabilization layer 19 of the superconducting wire main body 1A is joined from the peripheral side portion 5S of the electrode 5B, which is a normal conductor, to the extending portion 5E in the electrode joining portion 7 to be electrically connected. Therefore, the connection resistance of the electrode 5B can be reduced, generation of Joule heat can be suppressed, and heat generation at the electrode connection portion can be suppressed. Further, since the cooling block 9 connected to the refrigerator is connected to the electrode joint portion 7, the electrode connection portion 7 can be cooled by conduction cooling even when heat is generated in the electrode connection portion 7. . Therefore, the superconducting coil 10D of the present embodiment generates little heat at the connection portion with the electrode and can be operated stably.
Further, when both the peripheral side portion 5S and the extending portion 5E of the electrode 5B are soldered to the stabilization layer of the superconducting wire main body 1A, the bent portion of the winding end portion of the superconducting wire 1 is reinforced with the electrode 5B. The joined structure can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the displacement of the electrode 5B due to vibrations or the like that may occur during energization of the superconducting coil 10D. Moreover, since the strength of the joint portion is high, the workability of connection with other terminals is improved.

上記第１〜第４実施形態の超電導コイル１０、１０Ｂ、１０Ｃ、１０Ｄでは、２個のコイル体２１、２２が積層されたダブルパンケーキコイルについて説明したが、本発明の超電導コイルはこの例に限定されず、ダブルパンケーキコイルが複数個積層されて構成されていてもよい。
図１０は本発明に係る超電導コイルの第５実施形態の超電導コイル１０Ｅを備える装置の一例を示す模式図である。図１０において、上記第１〜第４実施形態の超電導コイル１０、１０Ｂ、１０Ｃ、１０Ｄおよび装置３０と同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付し、同一要素の説明は省略する。 In the superconducting coils 10, 10B, 10C, and 10D of the first to fourth embodiments, the double pancake coil in which the two coil bodies 21 and 22 are laminated has been described. However, the superconducting coil of the present invention is illustrated in this example. The present invention is not limited, and a plurality of double pancake coils may be stacked.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing an example of a device including the superconducting coil 10E of the fifth embodiment of the superconducting coil according to the present invention. In FIG. 10, the same components as those of the superconducting coils 10, 10B, 10C, 10D and the apparatus 30 of the first to fourth embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the same components is omitted.

図１０に示す超電導コイル１０Ｅは、同一径のドーナツ状の第１のコイル体と第２のコイル体とが、同軸的に上下に積層されてなる５個のダブルパンケーキコイル５１、５２、５３、５４、５５が、さらに同軸的に積層されて構成されている。
各ダブルパンケーキコイル５１〜５５は、超電導線材１が安定化層側を外側にして同心円状、反時計回りに多数回巻回されて構成されたパンケーキ型の第１のコイル体の上に、超電導線材１が安定化層側を外側にして同心円状、時計回りに多数回巻回されて構成されたパンケーキ型の第２のコイル体が積層されて構成されている。各コイル体の構成は上記した第１のコイル体２１および第２のコイル体２２と電極接合部７の構造以外は同様である。 A superconducting coil 10E shown in FIG. 10 includes five double pancake coils 51, 52, 53 in which a donut-shaped first coil body and a second coil body having the same diameter are coaxially stacked one above the other. , 54 and 55 are further laminated coaxially.
Each of the double pancake coils 51 to 55 is formed on a pancake-type first coil body formed by winding the superconducting wire 1 concentrically and winding counterclockwise many times with the stabilization layer side as the outside. The superconducting wire 1 is configured by laminating a pancake-type second coil body that is formed by concentrically winding many times clockwise with the stabilization layer side facing outward. The configuration of each coil body is the same except for the structure of the first coil body 21 and the second coil body 22 and the electrode joint portion 7 described above.

各ダブルパンケーキコイル５１〜５５の内側において、各コイルを構成する第１のコイル体の巻回始端と第２のコイル体の巻回始端とは、互いに隣接するように配されており、良導電性の接続板（図示略）により、電気的および機械的に接続されている。また、隣接する各ダブルパンケーキコイル５１と５２、５２と５３、５３と５４、５４と５５において、その最外周に位置する超電導線材の巻回終端が互いに隣接するように配されており、良導電性の接続板（図示略）により、電気的および機械的に接続されている。   Inside each of the double pancake coils 51 to 55, the winding start end of the first coil body and the winding start end of the second coil body constituting each coil are arranged adjacent to each other. Electrically and mechanically connected by a conductive connection plate (not shown). Moreover, in each adjacent double pancake coil 51 and 52, 52 and 53, 53 and 54, 54 and 55, the winding termination | terminus of the superconducting wire located in the outermost periphery is distribute | arranged so that it may mutually adjoin, Electrically and mechanically connected by a conductive connection plate (not shown).

最下段のダブルパンケーキコイル５１の下側の第１のコイル体の巻回終端部では、前記した超電導線材本体部１Ａがコイル体の径方向外側に向かって引き出され、引き出された超電導線材１Ａには、平板状の電極５が接合されている。最上段のダブルパンケーキコイル５５の上側の第２のコイル体の巻回終端部では、前記した超電導線材本体部１Ａがコイル体の径方向外側に向かって引き出され、引き出された超電導線材本体部１Ａには、平板状の電極５が接合されている。最上端のダブルパンケーキコイル５５および最下段のダブルパンケーキコイル５１に接続された電極５は、電流リード３４を介して収容容器３９の外部に設置された電源３５に接続されており、この電源３５からダブルパンケーキ５１〜５５全体に通電できるようになっている。   At the winding end portion of the first coil body on the lower side of the lowermost double pancake coil 51, the superconducting wire main body 1A described above is drawn toward the outside in the radial direction of the coil body, and the drawn superconducting wire 1A is drawn. A flat electrode 5 is joined to the substrate. At the winding end portion of the second coil body on the upper side of the uppermost double pancake coil 55, the superconducting wire main body 1A described above is drawn toward the outside in the radial direction of the coil body, and is drawn out. A flat electrode 5 is joined to 1A. The electrode 5 connected to the uppermost double pancake coil 55 and the lowermost double pancake coil 51 is connected to a power source 35 installed outside the container 39 via a current lead 34. From 35, the entire double pancakes 51 to 55 can be energized.

図１０に示す装置５０において、本実施形態の超電導コイル１０Ｅは収容容器３９の内部に配置され、冷凍機３８に接続されて使用される。超電導コイル１０Ｅの上下および各ダブルパンケーキコイル５１〜５５の間には、各ダブルパンケーキコイル５１〜５５よりも径の大きい円盤状の冷却板３１が設置されており、冷却板３１はその外側において熱伝導バー３６に接続されている。冷凍機３８と熱伝導バー３６と冷却板３１とは接続されており、これにより冷凍機３８により冷却板３１が伝導冷却され、さらに冷却板３１により超電導コイル１０Ｅ全体が冷却される構成となっている。   In the apparatus 50 shown in FIG. 10, the superconducting coil 10 </ b> E of the present embodiment is disposed inside the container 39 and is used by being connected to the refrigerator 38. A disk-shaped cooling plate 31 having a diameter larger than that of each of the double pancake coils 51 to 55 is installed above and below the superconducting coil 10E and between each of the double pancake coils 51 to 55. Are connected to the heat conduction bar 36. The refrigerator 38, the heat conduction bar 36, and the cooling plate 31 are connected. As a result, the cooling plate 31 is conductively cooled by the refrigerator 38, and the entire superconducting coil 10E is cooled by the cooling plate 31. Yes.

最上端のダブルパンケーキコイル５５および最下段のダブルパンケーキコイル５１に電極５が接合された電極接合部７には、立方体形状の冷却ブロック９が接合されている。冷却ブロック９は、接合構造を強固にするために、超電導コイル１０の上方および下方に配置された冷却板３１に接着剤や固定具により固定されている。冷却ブロック９は、電極接合部７の電極５および超電導線材本体部１Ａのいずれに接合されていてもよい。
超電導コイル１０Ｅの冷却ブロック９は、冷却用ケーブル３２により、熱伝導バー３７を介して冷凍機３８と接続された良熱伝導性材料よりなる熱伝導板４７に接続されている。これにより冷凍機３８により冷却ブロック９が伝導冷却され、さらに冷却ブロック９により超電導コイル１０Ｅの電極接合部７が冷却される構成となっている。なお、図１０に示す装置では、冷却ブロック９が冷却用ケーブル３２の他に、冷却板３１にも接触する構成となっているが、冷却ブロック９は冷却板３１のみを介して冷凍機３８より伝導冷却される構成とすることもできる。
本実施形態の超電導コイル１０Ｅも上記第１実施形態の超電導コイル１０と同様に、電極の接続部の発熱を抑えることができる。 A cube-shaped cooling block 9 is joined to the electrode joint 7 where the electrode 5 is joined to the uppermost double pancake coil 55 and the lowermost double pancake coil 51. The cooling block 9 is fixed to the cooling plate 31 disposed above and below the superconducting coil 10 with an adhesive or a fixture in order to strengthen the joining structure. The cooling block 9 may be joined to either the electrode 5 of the electrode joint 7 or the superconducting wire main body 1A.
The cooling block 9 of the superconducting coil 10 </ b> E is connected by a cooling cable 32 to a heat conductive plate 47 made of a good heat conductive material connected to the refrigerator 38 through a heat conductive bar 37. Thereby, the cooling block 9 is conductively cooled by the refrigerator 38, and the electrode joint 7 of the superconducting coil 10E is further cooled by the cooling block 9. In the apparatus shown in FIG. 10, the cooling block 9 is in contact with the cooling plate 31 in addition to the cooling cable 32, but the cooling block 9 is connected to the refrigerator 38 through only the cooling plate 31. It can also be set as the structure cooled by conduction.
Similarly to the superconducting coil 10 of the first embodiment, the superconducting coil 10E of the present embodiment can suppress heat generation at the electrode connection portion.

以上、本発明の超電導コイルについて説明したが、上記実施形態において、超電導コイルを構成する各部一例であって、本発明の範囲を逸脱しない範囲で適宜変更することが可能である。例えば、上記実施形態では、図３に示すようにテープ状の基材上に中間層などを介して酸化物超電導層が積層された構成の超電導線材を使用してコイル体とする例を示したが、本発明の超電導コイルはこの例に限定されない。図１１に示す超電導線材１００のように、Ｂｉ２Ｓｒ２Ｃａｎ−１ＣｕｎＯ４＋２ｎ＋δなる組成等に代表される臨界温度の高いＢｉ系の酸化物超電導層１０１を銀または銀合金のシース材１０２で被覆したテープ状の線材を使用することもできる。その場合、超電導線材１００を巻回してコイル体とし、その巻回終端部においてシース材１０２と電極を半田等で接合して電極接合部を構成し、この電極接合部に冷却ブロックを接合すればよい。なお、この例の超電導線材１００は、酸化物超電導層１０１の原料粉末が充填された銀または銀合金製のパイプを伸線して多芯化し、さらに伸線、圧延および焼成を繰り返すＰＩＴ法（Powder In Tube法）などにより製造される。 The superconducting coil of the present invention has been described above. However, in the above-described embodiment, it is an example of each part constituting the superconducting coil, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, an example in which a coil body is formed using a superconducting wire having a configuration in which an oxide superconducting layer is laminated on a tape-like base material via an intermediate layer or the like as shown in FIG. However, the superconducting coil of the present invention is not limited to this example. As superconducting wire 100 illustrated in FIG. 11, Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca n -1 Cu n O 4 + 2n + δ high critical temperature represented by the composition or the like comprising Bi-based sheath material of the oxide superconducting layer 101 of silver or silver alloy A tape-shaped wire covered with 102 can also be used. In that case, if the superconducting wire 100 is wound to form a coil body, the sheath material 102 and the electrode are joined with solder or the like at the winding end portion to form an electrode joint, and a cooling block is joined to the electrode joint. Good. Note that the superconducting wire 100 of this example is a PIT method in which a silver or silver alloy pipe filled with the raw material powder of the oxide superconducting layer 101 is drawn to form a multi-core, and further, drawing, rolling and firing are repeated. Manufactured by the Powder In Tube method).

以下、実施例を示して本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。
（実施例１）
幅５ｍｍ、厚さ０．１ｍｍのテープ状のハステロイ（米国ヘインズ社製商品名）製の基板上に、スパッタ法によりＡｌ２Ｏ３（拡散防止層；膜厚１５０ｎｍ）を成膜した上に、イオンビームスパッタ法によりＹ２Ｏ３（ベッド層；膜厚２０ｎｍ）を成膜した。次いで、このベッド層上に、イオンビームアシスト蒸着法（ＩＢＡＤ法）によりＭｇＯ（中間層；膜厚１０ｎｍ）を形成した上に、パルスレーザー蒸着法（ＰＬＤ法）により１．０μｍ厚のＣｅＯ２（キャップ層）を成膜した。次いでＣｅＯ２層上にＰＬＤ法により１．０μｍ厚のＧｄＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７（酸化物超電導層）を形成し、さらに酸化物超電導層上にスパッタ法により１０μｍ厚の銀層（安定化基層）を形成した。その後、０．１ｍｍ厚の銅テープ（安定化層）を半田により銀層上に積層して超電導線材本体部を作製した。続いて、得られた超電導線材本体部にポリイミドテープを隙間無く巻き付けることにより超電導線材を作製した。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is shown and this invention is demonstrated further in detail, this invention is not limited to these Examples.
Example 1
On the substrate made of tape-like Hastelloy (trade name, manufactured by Haynes, USA) having a width of 5 mm and a thickness of 0.1 mm, an Al 2 O 3 (diffusion prevention layer; film thickness of 150 nm) film was formed by sputtering. Y 2 O 3 (bed layer; film thickness: 20 nm) was formed by ion beam sputtering. Next, MgO (intermediate layer; film thickness: 10 nm) was formed on the bed layer by ion beam assisted vapor deposition (IBAD method), and then 1.0 μm thick CeO 2 (PLD method) was formed by pulse laser vapor deposition (PLD method). (Cap layer) was formed. Next, a 1.0 μm thick GdBa 2 Cu 3 O 7 (oxide superconducting layer) is formed on the CeO 2 layer by a PLD method, and a 10 μm thick silver layer (stabilizing base layer) is formed on the oxide superconducting layer by a sputtering method. Formed. Thereafter, a 0.1 mm thick copper tape (stabilization layer) was laminated on the silver layer with solder to produce a superconducting wire main body. Subsequently, a superconducting wire was produced by winding a polyimide tape around the obtained superconducting wire main body without any gaps.

次いで、得られたポリイミドテープ付きの超電導線材を安定化層側が外側となるように、直径６０ｍｍの円筒状のＦＲＰ（繊維強化プラスチック）製の巻き枠に同心円状に２００回巻回して外径１１０ｍｍのパンケーキコイルを作製した。次に、同様の手順でパンケーキコイルをもう１個作製し、２個のパンケーキコイルを同軸的に積層させ、これらのパンケーキコイルの内側で超電導線材の巻回始端部同士を電気的および機械的に接合して、ダブルパンケーキコイルを作製した。   Next, the obtained superconducting wire with polyimide tape is wound 200 times concentrically around a cylindrical FRP (fiber reinforced plastic) winding frame with a diameter of 60 mm so that the stabilization layer side is on the outside, and the outer diameter is 110 mm. A pancake coil was prepared. Next, another pancake coil is produced in the same procedure, and two pancake coils are laminated coaxially, and the winding start ends of the superconducting wires are electrically and electrically connected to each other inside these pancake coils. Mechanically joined to make a double pancake coil.

次に、各パンケーキコイルの巻回終端部のポリイミドテープを除去し、超電導線材本体部の端部から１００ｍｍの部分を露出させて、コイル径方向外側に折り曲げた。そして、コイル径方向外側に引き出した超電導線材本体部の端部の安定化層上に、図６に示す形状の厚さ２ｍｍ、長さ１００ｍｍ、幅５ｍｍ（電極端部から０〜３０ｍｍの部分の幅は１０ｍｍ）の銅製の電極を半田付けして、各パンケーキコイルに電極接合部を形成した。
続いて、各パンケーキコイルの電極接合部の間に、幅３０ｍｍ、長さ３０ｍｍ、高さ１０ｍｍの立方体形状の窒化アルミニウム（熱伝導率１００〜３５０Ｗ／ｍ／Ｋ（室温）、絶縁破壊電圧１１．７ＭＶ／ｃｍ）製の冷却ブロックを用意し、この冷却ブロックを図６に示すように各パンケーキコイルの電極接合部の間に挟み込む構造となるように、電極の端部から０〜３０ｍｍの幅広となった部分に対して、超電導線材本体部を貫通しないようにして、ネジで固定して図１に示す構造の超電導コイルを作製した。 Next, the polyimide tape at the winding end of each pancake coil was removed, and a portion of 100 mm was exposed from the end of the superconducting wire main body, and was bent outward in the coil radial direction. Then, on the stabilization layer at the end of the superconducting wire main body drawn to the outside in the coil radial direction, the shape shown in FIG. A copper electrode having a width of 10 mm) was soldered to form an electrode joint on each pancake coil.
Subsequently, between the electrode joints of each pancake coil, a cube-shaped aluminum nitride (heat conductivity 100 to 350 W / m / K (room temperature), dielectric breakdown voltage 11) having a width of 30 mm, a length of 30 mm, and a height of 10 mm. .7 MV / cm) cooling block is prepared, and the cooling block is sandwiched between the electrode joints of each pancake coil as shown in FIG. A superconducting coil having a structure shown in FIG. 1 was manufactured by fixing the widened portion with screws so as not to penetrate the superconducting wire main body.

次に、作製した超電導コイルをその上下方向から直径１５０ｍｍ、厚さ１０ｍｍの円盤状の銅製の冷却板で挟み込み、図２に示す構造の装置にセットした。冷却板と窒化アルミニウム製の冷却ブロックを冷凍機に接続し、冷却板と電極にそれぞれ温度センサーを取り付け、冷凍機を作動させて超電導コイル全体を３０Ｋに冷却した。この状態で、超電導コイルの臨界電流値の６０％に相当する電流値２００Ａを１時間通電したところ、冷却板の上昇温度は０．１Ｋであり、電極の上昇温度は２Ｋであった。   Next, the produced superconducting coil was sandwiched by a disk-shaped copper cooling plate having a diameter of 150 mm and a thickness of 10 mm from above and below, and set in an apparatus having the structure shown in FIG. A cooling plate and a cooling block made of aluminum nitride were connected to the refrigerator, temperature sensors were attached to the cooling plate and the electrodes, respectively, and the refrigerator was operated to cool the entire superconducting coil to 30K. In this state, when a current value of 200 A corresponding to 60% of the critical current value of the superconducting coil was energized for 1 hour, the rising temperature of the cooling plate was 0.1 K, and the rising temperature of the electrode was 2 K.

（比較例１）
冷却ブロックをＦＲＰ（繊維強化プラスチック；熱伝導率０．８Ｗ／ｍ／Ｋ（室温）、絶縁破壊電圧１．９ＭＶ／ｃｍ）製とした以外は、実施例１と同様にして超電導コイルを作製した。作製した超電導コイルを実施例１と同様にして図２に示す装置にセットし、３０Ｋにて通電試験を行ったところ、超電導コイルの臨界電流値の６０％の電流を１時間通電した後における冷却板の上昇温度は０．１Ｋであり、電極の上昇温度は１５Ｋであった。 (Comparative Example 1)
A superconducting coil was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the cooling block was made of FRP (fiber reinforced plastic; thermal conductivity 0.8 W / m / K (room temperature), dielectric breakdown voltage 1.9 MV / cm). . The produced superconducting coil was set in the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 in the same manner as in Example 1, and an energization test was conducted at 30 K. Cooling after energizing 60% of the critical current value of the superconducting coil for 1 hour. The rising temperature of the plate was 0.1K, and the rising temperature of the electrode was 15K.

（比較例２）
冷却ブロックとして、幅３０ｍｍ、長さ３０ｍｍ、厚さ１０ｍｍの立方体形状の銅製ブロックに、電極接合部と接触する２面を０．５ｍｍ厚のポリイミドシート（熱伝導率０．３Ｗ／ｍ／Ｋ（室温）、絶縁破壊電圧２．８ＭＶ／ｃｍ）を積層したものを使用し、図５（ａ）に示す構造となるように電極接合部と銅製ブロックとの間にポリイミドシートが配置されるように固定したこと以外は、実施例１と同様にして超電導コイルを作製した。作製した超電導コイルを実施例１と同様にして図２に示す装置にセットし、３０Ｋにて通電試験を行ったところ、超電導コイルの臨界電流値の６０％の電流を１時間通電した後における冷却板の上昇温度は０．１Ｋであり、電極の上昇温度は７Ｋであった。 (Comparative Example 2)
As a cooling block, a cube-shaped copper block having a width of 30 mm, a length of 30 mm, and a thickness of 10 mm is coated with a polyimide sheet (thermal conductivity 0.3 W / m / K ( Room temperature) and a dielectric breakdown voltage of 2.8 MV / cm) are used, and a polyimide sheet is disposed between the electrode joint and the copper block so as to have the structure shown in FIG. A superconducting coil was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that it was fixed. The produced superconducting coil was set in the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 in the same manner as in Example 1, and an energization test was conducted at 30 K. Cooling after energizing 60% of the critical current value of the superconducting coil for 1 hour. The rising temperature of the plate was 0.1K, and the rising temperature of the electrode was 7K.

以上の結果より、熱伝導性の絶縁体である窒化アルミニウム製の冷却ブロックを備える実施例１の超電導コイルでは、比較例１、２の超電導コイルと比較して電極の発熱が抑えられていた。   From the above results, in the superconducting coil of Example 1 provided with a cooling block made of aluminum nitride, which is a thermally conductive insulator, heat generation of the electrodes was suppressed as compared with the superconducting coils of Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

本発明は、例えば超電導モータ、限流器など、各種超電導機器に用いられる超電導コイルに利用することができる。   The present invention can be used for a superconducting coil used in various superconducting devices such as a superconducting motor and a current limiting device.

１…超電導線材、１Ａ…超電導線材本体部、１Ｓ…周側部、１Ｅ…延出部、１Ｋ…折り曲げ部、５、５Ｂ…電極、５Ｓ…周側部、５Ｅ…延出部、５Ｋ…折り曲げ部、７…電極接合部、９、９Ｂ、９Ｃ、９Ｄ…冷却ブロック、１０、１０Ｂ、１０Ｃ、１０Ｄ、１０Ｅ…超電導コイル、１１…基材、１２…ベッド層、１５…中間層、１６…キャップ層、１７…酸化物超電導層、１８…安定化基層、１９…安定化層、２０…被覆層、２１…第１のコイル体、２２…第２のコイル体、３０…装置、３１…冷却板、３２…冷却用ケーブル、３３…真空ポンプ、３４…電流リード、３５…電源、３６、３７…熱伝道バー、３８…冷凍機、３９…収容容器、４２…固定具、５０…装置、１００…超電導線材、１０１…酸化物超電導層、１０２…シース材。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Superconducting wire 1A ... Superconducting wire main-body part, 1S ... Circumference side part, 1E ... Extension part, 1K ... Bending part 5, 5B ... Electrode, 5S ... Peripheral side part, 5E ... Extension part, 5K ... Bending , 7 ... Electrode bonding portion, 9, 9B, 9C, 9D ... Cooling block, 10, 10B, 10C, 10D, 10E ... Superconducting coil, 11 ... Base material, 12 ... Bed layer, 15 ... Intermediate layer, 16 ... Cap Layer 17, oxide superconducting layer 18, stabilizing base layer 19, stabilizing layer, 20 coating layer, 21 first coil body, 22 second coil body, 30 device, 31 cooling plate 32 ... Cooling cable, 33 ... Vacuum pump, 34 ... Current lead, 35 ... Power supply, 36, 37 ... Heat transmission bar, 38 ... Refrigerator, 39 ... Container, 42 ... Fixing device, 50 ... Device, 100 ... Superconducting wire, 101 ... oxide superconducting layer, 102 ... sheath material.

Claims (7)

テープ状の超電導線材を巻回してなるコイル体と、このコイル体の前記超電導線材の巻回終端部と電気的に接続する電極と、前記超電導線材の巻回終端部と前記電極とが接合された電極接合部と接合され、かつ、冷凍機と接続された冷却ブロックと、を備え、
前記超電導線材の巻回終端部が前記コイル体の径方向外側に向かって引き出され、この巻回終端部と重なるように前記電極が前記コイル体の径方向に向いて設置され、
前記冷却ブロックの少なくとも前記電極接合部との接触部分が、熱伝導性の絶縁体よりなることを特徴とする超電導コイル。 A coil body formed by winding a tape-shaped superconducting wire, an electrode electrically connected to the winding end portion of the superconducting wire of the coil body, and the winding end portion of the superconducting wire and the electrode are joined. A cooling block joined to the electrode joint and connected to the refrigerator,
The winding end portion of the superconducting wire is drawn toward the outside in the radial direction of the coil body, and the electrode is installed facing the radial direction of the coil body so as to overlap the winding end portion,
A superconducting coil, wherein at least a contact portion of the cooling block with the electrode joint portion is made of a heat conductive insulator. 前記熱伝導性の絶縁体の熱伝導率が５０Ｗ／ｍ／Ｋ以上であることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の超電導コイル。   2. The superconducting coil according to claim 1, wherein the thermal conductivity of the thermally conductive insulator is 50 W / m / K or more. 前記冷却ブロックの少なくとも前記電極接合部との接触部分が、窒化アルミニウムまたは炭化珪素よりなることを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の超電導コイル。   The superconducting coil according to claim 1, wherein at least a contact portion of the cooling block with the electrode joint portion is made of aluminum nitride or silicon carbide. 前記超電導線材が、基材と、該基材上方に設けられた酸化物超電導層と、該酸化物超電導層上方に設けられた安定化層とを備えてなり、
前記電極が、前記超電導線材の前記安定化層上に、該安定化層と電気的に接続するように設けられてなることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか一項に記載の超電導コイル。 The superconducting wire comprises a base material, an oxide superconducting layer provided above the base material, and a stabilization layer provided above the oxide superconducting layer,
The superconductivity according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the electrode is provided on the stabilization layer of the superconducting wire so as to be electrically connected to the stabilization layer. coil. 前記超電導線材の巻回終端部と前記電極とが接合された電極接合部が、前記コイル体の周方向から径方向外側に向かって一体に折り曲げられてなり、前記電極の前記コイル体周面に沿う部分と、該電極の前記コイル体の外側に延出された部分との両方が、前記安定化層と電気的に接続されてなることを特徴とする請求項４に記載の超電導コイル。   An electrode joint portion where the winding end portion of the superconducting wire and the electrode are joined is integrally bent from the circumferential direction of the coil body toward the radially outer side, and is formed on the circumferential surface of the coil body of the electrode. The superconducting coil according to claim 4, wherein both the portion along the electrode and the portion extending to the outside of the coil body of the electrode are electrically connected to the stabilization layer. 前記コイル体を複数備え、これら複数のコイル体は隣接するコイル体同士が電気的に接続されて同軸的に積層され、積層されたコイル体の上方および下方に冷凍機に接続された冷却板が配置され、
最上段および最下段のコイル体において、前記超電導線材の巻回終端部と前記電極とが接合された電極接合部が、前記冷却ブロックを介して前記冷却板に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれか一項に記載の超電導コイル。 A plurality of the coil bodies are provided, and adjacent coil bodies are electrically connected to each other and are coaxially stacked, and cooling plates connected to the refrigerator above and below the stacked coil bodies are provided. Arranged,
In the uppermost and lowermost coil bodies, an electrode joint portion in which the winding terminal portion of the superconducting wire and the electrode are joined is connected to the cooling plate via the cooling block. The superconducting coil according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 前記コイル体を２個備え、各コイル体の前記超電導線材の巻回終端部と前記電極とが接合された電極接合部が近接するようにこれらのコイル体が同軸的に積層され、近接する前記電極接合部間に前記冷却ブロックが配置されてなることを特徴とする請求項１〜６のいずれか一項に記載の超電導コイル。   Two coil bodies are provided, and these coil bodies are coaxially laminated so that the coil end portions where the winding ends of the superconducting wires of each coil body and the electrodes are joined are close to each other, The superconducting coil according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the cooling block is disposed between electrode junctions.
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