WO2021014959A1 - Conduction-cooling-type superconducting magnet - Google Patents

Conduction-cooling-type superconducting magnet Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021014959A1
WO2021014959A1 PCT/JP2020/026506 JP2020026506W WO2021014959A1 WO 2021014959 A1 WO2021014959 A1 WO 2021014959A1 JP 2020026506 W JP2020026506 W JP 2020026506W WO 2021014959 A1 WO2021014959 A1 WO 2021014959A1
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Prior art keywords
superconducting
cooling
cooling plate
conduction
coil
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PCT/JP2020/026506
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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古賀　智之
洋之 渡邊
伸夫 岩城
翔太郎 中島
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株式会社日立製作所
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Publication of WO2021014959A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021014959A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/04—Cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N60/00—Superconducting devices
    • H10N60/80—Constructional details
    • H10N60/81—Containers; Mountings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a conduction-cooled superconducting magnet.
  • Superconducting magnets are used in a variety of applications, such as accelerators and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  • the cooling method of the superconducting magnet includes immersion cooling in which a body to be cooled such as a superconducting coil is immersed in a refrigerant to cool it, and a refrigerator or the like attached to the body to be cooled via a heat transfer body.
  • conduction cooling There is conduction cooling.
  • conduction cooling it is important to efficiently cool the superconducting coil and the coil outlet whose connection portion becomes a heat generation source when energized.
  • the contact surface is made of a thermally conductive insulator, and the cooling block connected to the refrigerator and the coil outlet are thermally contacted to generate heat at the connection portion.
  • the contact surface is made of a thermally conductive insulator, and the cooling block connected to the refrigerator and the coil outlet are thermally contacted to generate heat at the connection portion.
  • Patent Document 1 a structure in which a heat transfer plate thermally connected to the cooling stage of the refrigerator is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the superconducting coil via a flange
  • Patent Document 2 A structure is known in which a cooling plate thermally connected to a cooling stage of a refrigerator is attached to an end surface of a superconducting coil via a heat transfer body (see Patent Document 3).
  • Patent Document 1 Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3 independently disclose a structure in which a coil outlet and a superconducting coil are cooled by conduction cooling.
  • the superconducting coil is usually arranged in the Crystat, which is an adiabatic vacuum vessel, it is difficult to realize two or more of the structures shown in the patent documents at the same time due to spatial restrictions (problem). ).
  • the superconducting wire drawn from the coil outlet of the superconducting coil is routed to the power lead as a crossover wire and wired. In order to ensure the thermal stability of the superconducting magnet, this crossover has a problem that it is preferable to be cooled as in the case of the superconducting coil and the coil opening.
  • the length of the cooling path to the refrigerator differs between one coil and the other coil. Therefore, when this structure is used, there is a problem (problem) that a temperature difference may occur between the two superconducting coils.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such a conventional situation, and provides a conduction-cooled superconducting magnet capable of stable operation by eliminating a temperature difference between two paired superconducting coils.
  • the task (purpose) is to do.
  • the present invention was configured as follows. That is, in the conduction cooling type superconducting magnet of the present invention, two superconducting coils arranged coaxially to form a pair, a first cooling plate for cooling the superconducting coil, and two superconducting coils.
  • a second cooling plate for cooling the crossover and a cooling stage for cooling the second cooling plate are provided, and the first cooling plate is evenly distributed in the middle portion of the two paired superconducting coils. It is characterized by being arranged.
  • the superconducting coil, the coil outlet, and the crossover can be cooled at the same time, and the cooling from the cooling stage thermally connected to the refrigerator to the two superconducting coils can be cooled.
  • the lengths of the paths are almost equivalent. Therefore, it is possible to provide a conduction-cooled superconducting magnet that operates stably by eliminating the temperature difference between the superconducting coils.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a cross-sectional structure on a cut surface including a central axis Z of a conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 has two superconducting coils 11A and 11B, a first cooling plate 12A, a second cooling plate 12B, a coil outlet 13, a crossover 14, a power lead 15, and a cooling stage 16. , A refrigerator or a heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator.
  • the heat exchanger is provided in the refrigerator and is a part of the refrigerator (17), and the heat exchanger (17) is a device different from the refrigerator and is in contact with the refrigerator. There are cases where it is.
  • the two superconducting coils 11A and 11B are wound around the same axis (central axis Z) of the cylindrical winding frame (bobbin) 18.
  • the first cooling plate 12A is provided in contact with the superconducting coil 11A and the superconducting coil 11B, and cools both the superconducting coil 11A and the superconducting coil 11B. Further, the first cooling plate 12A is evenly provided in the intermediate portion between the two paired superconducting coils 11A and the superconducting coil 11B.
  • the first cooling plate 12A is wound on the same axis (central axis Z) of the winding frame 18 via the superconducting coils 11A and 11B. That is, the first cooling plate 12A is composed of a cylindrical structure that surrounds the two superconducting coils 11A and 11B from the outer peripheral side.
  • the superconducting coil 11A and the superconducting coil 11B are composed of a solenoid coil in which a superconducting wire (31: FIG. 2) is wound around a cylindrical winding frame 18 to form a winding.
  • a superconducting wire 31: FIG. 2
  • FIG. 1 since the superconducting wire at the beginning of winding and the superconducting wire at the end of winding are shown with respect to one coil outlet 13, they are schematically shown as two conducting wires.
  • the coil outlets 13 of the two superconducting coils 11A and 11B are substantially the same position in the circumferential direction of the central axis Z, and the two coils are in the axial direction. It is located at the end on the plane of symmetry. Since the coil outlets 13 of the two superconducting coils 11A and 11B are located at close distances in this way, the crossover wire 14 and the second cooling plate 12B are located at the same location on the two coil outlets 13. You can connect all at once with. The details of the structure in the vicinity of the coil outlet 13 will be described later with reference to FIG.
  • the first cooling plate 12A contacts the second cooling plate 12B and exchanges heat.
  • the second cooling plate 12B is in contact with the cooling stage 16 via a curved L-shaped plate-like structure in the region 100, and is thermally connected.
  • the cooling stage 16 is in contact with the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator and is thermally connected.
  • the superconducting coils 11A and 11B are cooled from the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator via the cooling stage 16, the second cooling plate 12B, and the first cooling plate 12A.
  • the crossover line 14 is also cooled by the second cooling plate 12B via insulation (electrical insulation).
  • crossover wire 14 connects the lead wires drawn from the superconducting coils 11A and 11B at the coil outlet 13 to the power lead 15. With this configuration, current is supplied to and controlled from the superconducting coils 11A and 11B from an external device (not shown) arranged at the tip of the power lead 15.
  • an external device not shown
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a structure of the coil outlet 13 and its vicinity in the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the coil outlet 13 includes a superconducting wire 31, stabilized copper 32, and a support structure 33.
  • the superconducting coils 11A and 11B, the winding frame 18, and the central axis Z in FIG. 2 correspond to those in FIG.
  • the superconducting wire 31 is drawn from the superconducting coil 11A and the superconducting coil 11B, respectively.
  • the superconducting wires 31 drawn from the superconducting coil 11A and the superconducting coil 11B are shown as one for convenience of the notation in the figure, but in reality, FIG. As shown in the two thick lines in the vicinity of the coil opening 13 of the above, there are two each.
  • the stabilized copper 32 is produced by passing the current flowing through the superconducting wire 31 through the stabilized copper 32 when the superconducting wire 31 undergoes a quench (phase transition from the superconductor to the normal conductor). It is provided to reduce sudden current changes and temperature changes. Further, the stabilized copper 32 has a plate shape and is provided with a groove (not shown) for routing the superconducting wire 31.
  • the support structure 33 is for supporting the superconducting wire 31 and the stabilized copper 32 from the winding frame 18.
  • the superconducting wire 31 is connected to the superconducting wire 41 (FIG. 3) described later. Further, the stabilized copper 32 is connected to the stabilized copper 42 (FIG. 3) described later.
  • the superconducting wire 31 is wired in a groove provided in the stabilized copper 32 and is mechanically and electrically connected to the stabilized copper 32 by soldering. Further, the anti-coil side end portion of the stabilized copper 32 has a terminal structure provided with a bolt hole for making an electrical connection with the crossover wire 14. Further, an insulating plate (not shown) having sufficient thermal conductivity is sandwiched between the stabilized copper 32 and the support structure 33, and bolted (near the indicator line 201). At this time, an insulating cylindrical collar (not shown) is inserted between the bolt and the bolt hole so that the stabilized copper 32 and the support structure 33 do not electrically conduct with each other through the bolt. Further, for the same reason, an insulating washer (not shown) is inserted in the contact surface between the stabilized copper 32 and the head of the bolt. Further, the support structure 33 is bolted to the winding frame 18 (near the indicator line 202).
  • the coil outlet 13 shown in FIG. 2 heat is generated due to electric resistance at the solder connection portion of the stabilized copper 32 and the superconducting wire 31 and the stabilized copper 32 when energized.
  • one end of the support structure 33 is connected to the second cooling plate 12B of FIG. Further, the second cooling plate 12B is connected to the cooling stage 16 (FIG. 1).
  • the coil outlet 13 is cooled by the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator via the second cooling plate 12B and further via the cooling stage 16, and the heat generated by the above-mentioned electric resistance is generated. However, the heat is efficiently removed (removed).
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of the crossover line 14 in the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the crossover wire 14 includes a superconducting wire (lead wire) 41 and a stabilized copper 42.
  • the superconducting wire 41 in FIG. 3 electrically connects between the superconducting coils 11A and 11B shown in FIG. 1 and the power lead 15.
  • the stabilized copper 42 in FIG. 3 is provided with a groove for routing the superconducting wire 41, and is formed in a plate shape and an L shape.
  • the superconducting wire 41 is wired in the groove provided in the stabilized copper 42 and is mechanically and electrically connected to the stabilized copper 42 by soldering.
  • the stabilized copper 42 and the second cooling plate 12B are bolted together with an insulating material having sufficient thermal conductivity sandwiched between them.
  • an insulating cylindrical collar 44 is inserted between the bolt 43 and the bolt hole 46 so that the stabilized copper 42 and the second cooling plate 12B do not electrically conduct with each other through the bolt 43. ..
  • an insulating washer 45 is inserted into the contact surface between the stabilized copper 42 and the head of the bolt 43.
  • the crossover line 14 is electrically connected to the coil outlet 13 at one end on the superconducting coil (11A, 11B) side. Further, the crossover line 14 is electrically connected to the power lead 15 at the other end. Therefore, when the superconducting coils 11A and 11B are energized, heat is generated due to the electric resistance at the connection portion at the end of the crossover wire 14. Further, when the superconducting wire 41 (FIG. 3) wired to the crossover wire 14 is damaged due to distortion or a defect inside the wire rod, the current diverges to the stabilized copper 42 (FIG. 3) at the damaged portion. Therefore, resistance heat generation is generated by this bypass current. However, as shown in FIG.
  • the second cooling plate 12B is thermally connected to the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator via the cooling stage 16. Therefore, the crossover line 14 thermally connected to the second cooling plate 12B is cooled via the second cooling plate 12B, and the resistance of the contact portion and the heat generated by the bypass current are efficiently removed. Be heated.
  • the superconducting wire 41 shown in FIG. 3 is bent at a bent portion of the L-shaped stabilized copper 42 with a radius equal to or larger than an appropriate minimum bending radius so as not to be damaged by bending strain.
  • the bending radius of the bent portion of the stabilized copper 42 also has a structure that follows the bending radius of the superconducting wire 41.
  • the superconducting wire 41 is uniformly cooled through the stabilized copper 42 without the superconducting wire 41 being separated from the stabilized copper 42 at the bent portion (region 100: FIG. 3).
  • the superconducting wire 41 receives an electromagnetic force when energized by the magnetic field created by the superconducting coils (11A, 11B).
  • the structure becomes strong against the electromagnetic force generated by the magnetic field. There is.
  • the number of crossovers 14 and the number of power leads 15 are, for example, three each. Is.
  • Two superconducting wires 31 (FIGS. 2 and 1) are drawn from both ends of the superconducting coils 11A and 11B shown in FIG. 1, for a total of four (2 ⁇ 2). Of the total of four superconducting wires 31, one (two in total) that is one end of each coil in the superconducting coils 11A and 11B is connected to each of the two crossover wires 14. Then, the two power leads 15 are pulled out as they are through the two crossovers 14.
  • a total of two superconducting wires 31 which are the other ends of the respective coils in the superconducting coils 11A and 11B are electrically connected to each other and are shared by one. This common one is connected to the remaining one crossover wire 14, and is led out to the remaining one power lead 15 via the crossover wire 14.
  • Cylindrical structure of the first cooling plate 12A The cylindrical structure of the first cooling plate 12A shown in FIG. 1 is installed so as to be in thermal contact with the outer periphery of the superconducting coils 11A and 11B, and is bolted to the winding frame (bobbin) 18 of the superconducting coils 11A and 11B. Has been done. With this structure, the superconducting coils 11A and 11B are in contact with the first cooling plate 12A over one round of the cylindrical shape, and the second cooling plate 12B, the cooling stage 16 and the refrigerator are refrigerated from the outer peripheral surface via the first cooling plate 12A. It is cooled by the path of the heat exchanger 17 connected to the machine or the refrigerator.
  • the superconducting coils 11A and 11B generate heat by quenching (phase transition from the superconductor to the normal conductor) due to various factors, and this heat generation is also generated by the first cooling plate 12A, the second cooling plate 12B, and the like.
  • the heat is efficiently removed by the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator via the cooling stage 16.
  • the superconducting coils 11A and 11B are housed in a cryostat (not shown) which is an adiabatic vacuum container.
  • the power lead 15 shown in FIG. 1 is for electrically connecting the low temperature vacuum in the cryostat in which the superconducting coils 11A and 11B are installed and the normal temperature atmosphere outside the cryostat, and from the normal temperature side to the low temperature side.
  • Superconductors high-temperature superconductors are partially used in order to reduce the amount of heat invading the surface.
  • the crossover wire 14 has a sufficient length so that the superconducting coils 11A and 11B and the power lead 15 can be installed apart from each other. Further, although not clearly shown in FIG. 1, the power lead 15 is also cooled by the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator via the second cooling plate 12B or the cooling stage 16. It has become.
  • a motor of the refrigerator is usually used in the upper part of the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator in FIG. 1, and there is a possibility that the motor may operate abnormally due to the influence of the magnetic field. Therefore, the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator is sufficiently far from the superconducting coils 11A and 11B so as not to be affected by the magnetic field created by the superconducting coils 11A and 11B, like the power lead 15. It is installed with a place. Second cooling made of a material with sufficiently high thermal conductivity in order to transfer heat over a long distance between the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator and the superconducting coils 11A and 11B. Plate 12B is used. The second cooling plate 12B has a necessary cross-sectional area so that the temperature difference between the cooling stage 16 and the superconducting coils 11A and 11B can be appropriately suppressed.
  • the two superconducting coils 11A and 11B, the coil outlet 13, and the crossover 14 are all the first cooling plate 12A, the first. 2 It is thermally connected to the cooling stage 16 connected to the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator via the cooling plate 12B, and these parts (11A, 11B, 13, 14) are simultaneously connected. It is possible to cool. Further, in the coil outlet 13, since the conducting wire (superconducting wire 31) drawn from the superconducting coils 11A and 11B and the crossing wire 14 are electrically connected, heat is generated (heat generation part) due to the connection resistance when energized. ..
  • the heat generating portion is cooled by conduction cooling. This is possible, and the superconducting magnet (conducting cooling type superconducting magnet 1) can be stably operated (operated).
  • the crossover wire 14 is a lead wire that electrically connects the coil outlet 13 to the vicinity of the cooling stage 16 connected to the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator.
  • the crossover wire 14 and the cooling stage 16 are thermally connected by the second cooling plate 12B via insulation to conduct the crossover wire 14. It has a structure that can be cooled by cooling.
  • the crossover line 14 may be a superconductor, a normal conductor, or both. When the crossover wire 14 is a superconductor, the thermal stability of the superconductor wire 41 can be maintained by cooling. When the crossover wire 14 is a normal conductor, heat cannot be transferred to the superconducting wire 31 or the superconducting coils 11A and 11B by removing the heat generated by the resistance generated when the power is applied.
  • the crossover wire 14 and the superconducting coils 11A and 11B Therefore, there is heat intrusion due to heat transfer. However, since the crossover wire 14 is cooled by the structure, heat intrusion into the superconducting coils 11A and 11B can be suppressed.
  • the first cooling plate 12A is in contact with the superconducting coils 11A and 11B, and is evenly arranged in the intermediate portion between the two paired superconducting coils 11A and 11B. Therefore, the lengths of the cooling paths from the cooling stage 16 thermally connected to the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator to the superconducting coil 11A and the superconducting coil 11B are almost equal. The temperature difference between the two superconducting coils 11A and 11B can be suppressed to a very small size.
  • the superconducting magnet (conducting cooling type superconducting magnet 1) provided with the two paired superconducting coils 11A and 11B can be stably operated. That is, it is possible to provide a conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 capable of stable operation.
  • the superconducting coils 11A and 11B have been described as having the shape of a solenoid coil, but the superconducting coils 11A and 11B are not limited to the solenoid coil. For example, it may be an ellipse, a rectangle, or a race track shape.
  • the material of the superconducting wire used for the superconducting coils 11A and 11B has not been described, but either a low-temperature superconductor or a high-temperature superconductor may be used.
  • low-temperature superconductors include NbTi and Nb 3 Sn.
  • high-temperature superconductors include MgB 2 , or bismuth-based superconductors such as Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+ ⁇ (Bi2212) and Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O 10+ ⁇ (Bi2223).
  • rare earth-based superconductors such as REBa 2 Cu 3 O 7- ⁇ (RE123, RE: rare earth element).
  • RE123, RE rare earth element
  • the shape of the superconducting wire may be any of a round wire, a square wire, a flat wire, and a tape wire.
  • the power lead 15 and the crossover line 14 are directly connected to each other.
  • a conductive flexible lead (not shown) for absorbing (relaxing) mechanical displacement may be used between the connection between the power lead 15 and the crossover line 14 in FIG. 1.
  • the superconducting coils 11A and 11B, the first cooling plate 12A, the second cooling plate 12B, the coil outlet 13, and the crossover line 14 are integrally displaced by cooling shrinkage.
  • the power lead 15 is connected to a structure having a temperature higher than that of each of the above-mentioned parts (11A, 11B, 12A, 12B, 13, 14). Therefore, a mechanical variation (displacement difference) occurs between the power lead 15 and each of the above-mentioned parts (11A, 11B, 12A, 12B, 13, 14).
  • the superconducting coils 11A and 11B, the first cooling plate 12A, the second cooling plate 12B, the coil outlet 13, the crossover wire 14, and the power lead are generated by the acceleration applied from the outside.
  • a displacement different from that of 15 will occur and a displacement difference will occur.
  • the above-mentioned displacement difference is absorbed by the conductive flexible lead, and the crossover wire 14 or the power
  • the flexible lead for conductivity one having high electric conductivity and good flexibility is used. For example, copper braid is used.
  • the crossover wire 14 shown in FIG. 3 is provided with a superconducting wire (lead wire) 41, and the electrical conducting wire is described as the superconducting wire 41.
  • the electrical conducting wire is described as the superconducting wire 41.
  • the resistance value of the conducting wire is set to be a sufficiently low value.
  • the crossover line 14 shows an example in which the crossover line 14 is bent. However, depending on the arrangement of the magnets, the bent portion of the crossover line 14 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 may be eliminated. Further, two or more places may be provided.
  • the superconducting wire 41 and the stabilized copper 42 are divided and connected between them by a flexible lead for conduction. There is also a configuration to do.
  • the number of the crossovers 14 and the number of the power leads 15 are each three. Then, the superconducting wires 31 of each coil (superconducting coils 11A and 11B) are electrically connected to each other and shared into one, and then are drawn out to the power lead 15 via the crossover wire 14.
  • the number of crossovers and power leads is not limited to the above number.
  • the lead wires (superconducting wires 31) of the superconducting coils 11A and 11B may be shared by two, and the number of crossover wires 14 and the number of power leads 15 may be two each. Good.
  • the number of crossover wires 14 and the number of power leads 15 may be 4 each without sharing all the leader wires.
  • the first cooling plate 12A is composed of a cylindrical structure that surrounds the two superconducting coils 11A and 11B from the outer peripheral side with reference to FIG.
  • the cylindrical structure of the first cooling plate 12A may be a divided structure. In this case, the split portions are thermally connected by a flexible lead for heat transfer.
  • ⁇ Structure of the second cooling plate 12B In the first embodiment, in the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 of FIG. 1, two superconducting plates 12B and one refrigerator or a heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator 17 are used.
  • the set of the conducting coils 11A and 11B is cooled as one set, but the structure is not necessarily limited to this. For example, by modifying a part of the structure of the second cooling plate 12B, a plurality of sets of superconductivity are provided by one second cooling plate 12B and one refrigerator or a heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator.
  • the coils (11A, 11B) may be cooled at the same time.
  • one or more sets of superconducting coils (11A, 11B) may be cooled by one second cooling plate 12B and a plurality of refrigerators or heat exchangers 17 connected to the refrigerators.
  • a plurality of first cooling plates (12A) evenly provided in the middle portion between the two superconducting coils (11A) forming a plurality of pairs and the superconducting coil (11B) are common. They are connected to each other and shared (shared) via a second cooling plate (12B). Further, a plurality of coil outlets 13 are provided so that the superconducting wire (31) is drawn from each of the plurality of sets of the two superconducting coils (11A, 11B).
  • a plurality of or common power leads (15) for supplying a current to a plurality of sets of superconducting coils (11A, 11B) are provided.
  • a plurality of crossover wires (14) are provided, each of which is wired from the superconducting wire (31) of the plurality of coil outlets (13) to the plurality of or common power leads (15).
  • a common second cooling plate (12B) for cooling the plurality of first cooling plates (12A) and the plurality of crossovers (14) is provided.
  • a cooling stage (16) for cooling the second cooling plate (12B) is provided.
  • the plurality of crossovers (14) are wired while being cooled by a common second cooling plate (12B) via insulation.
  • a plurality of sets of two paired superconducting coils (11A, 11B) can be cooled together.
  • Refrigerator and conduction-cooled superconducting magnet >>
  • the refrigerator may not be provided in the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1.
  • the conduction cooling type superconducting magnet may be provided with a refrigerator. That is, there is also a configuration in which a refrigerator including a heat exchanger (17) is provided in a conduction cooling type superconducting magnet, and the refrigerator (heat exchanger) and the cooling stage (16: FIG. 1) are thermally directly connected. ..

Abstract

The present invention comprises: two superconducting coils 11A, 11B that form a pair by being positioned coaxially, a first cooling plate 12A that cools the superconducting coils, coil lead-outs 13 to which a superconducting wire is drawn from each of the two superconducting coils, a power lead 15 that supplies current to the superconducting coils, a crossover wire 14 that is routed from the superconducting wires of the coil lead-outs to the power lead, a second cooling plate 12B that cools the first cooling plate and the crossover wire, and a cooling stage 16 that cools the second cooling plate. The first cooling plate is positioned evenly in an intermediate part of the pair of superconducting coils.

Description

伝導冷却型超伝導磁石Conductive cooling type superconducting magnet
　本発明は、伝導冷却型超伝導磁石に関する。 The present invention relates to a conduction-cooled superconducting magnet.
　超伝導磁石は、加速器や磁気共鳴画像診断装置（ＭＲＩ）といった、様々な用途に用いられる。超伝導磁石の冷却方式には、超伝導コイル等の被冷却体を、冷媒に浸して冷却する浸漬冷却と、被冷却体に伝熱体を介して取り付けた、冷凍機等を用いて冷却する伝導冷却と、がある。近年、浸漬冷却の主要な冷媒である、液体ヘリウムの資源の枯渇が危惧されていることから、伝導冷却が注目されている。伝導冷却では、超伝導コイルと、通電時に接続部が発熱源となるコイル口出しと、を効率よく冷却することが重要である。
　コイル口出しを冷却する方法としては、例えば、接触面が熱伝導性の絶縁体からなり、冷凍機に連結された冷却ブロックと、コイル口出しと、を熱的に接触させることにより、接続部の発熱を抑制する構造が知られている（特許文献１参照）。
　一方、超伝導コイルを冷却する方法としては、フランジを介して、冷凍機の冷却ステージに熱的に接続された伝熱板を、超伝導コイルの外周面に取り付ける構造（特許文献２参照）や、伝熱体を介して、冷凍機の冷却ステージに熱的に接続された冷却板を、超伝導コイルの端面に取り付ける構造（特許文献３参照）が知られている。 Superconducting magnets are used in a variety of applications, such as accelerators and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The cooling method of the superconducting magnet includes immersion cooling in which a body to be cooled such as a superconducting coil is immersed in a refrigerant to cool it, and a refrigerator or the like attached to the body to be cooled via a heat transfer body. There is conduction cooling. In recent years, there is a concern that the resources of liquid helium, which is the main refrigerant for immersion cooling, will be depleted, so conduction cooling has attracted attention. In conduction cooling, it is important to efficiently cool the superconducting coil and the coil outlet whose connection portion becomes a heat generation source when energized.
As a method of cooling the coil outlet, for example, the contact surface is made of a thermally conductive insulator, and the cooling block connected to the refrigerator and the coil outlet are thermally contacted to generate heat at the connection portion. Is known (see Patent Document 1).
On the other hand, as a method of cooling the superconducting coil, a structure in which a heat transfer plate thermally connected to the cooling stage of the refrigerator is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the superconducting coil via a flange (see Patent Document 2) , A structure is known in which a cooling plate thermally connected to a cooling stage of a refrigerator is attached to an end surface of a superconducting coil via a heat transfer body (see Patent Document 3).
特開２０１２－２５６７４４号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-256744 特開２００７－２６６２４４号公報JP-A-2007-266244 国際公開第２０１３／１３３３１９号International Publication No. 2013/133319
　特許文献１、特許文献２、および特許文献３は、それぞれ独立に、コイル口出しと、超伝導コイルとを伝導冷却によって冷却する構造を開示している。
　しかし、通常、超伝導コイルは、断熱真空容器であるクライスタットの中に配置されるため、空間的な制約から、前記特許文献に示す構造を２つ以上同時に実現することは難しいという課題（問題）がある。
　また、超伝導磁石において、超伝導コイルのコイル口出しから引き出された超伝導線は、渡り線として、パワーリードまで引き回されて配線される。この渡り線は、超伝導磁石の熱的安定性を確保するために、超伝導コイルおよびコイル口出しと同様に、冷却されることが好ましいという課題がある
　さらに、特許文献２、および特許文献３においては、２個の超伝導コイルを冷却する際に、一方のコイルと、他方のコイルと、で冷凍機までの冷却パスの長さが異なる。そのため、本構造を用いた場合、２個の超伝導コイルに温度差が発生する可能性があるという課題（問題）がある。 Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3 independently disclose a structure in which a coil outlet and a superconducting coil are cooled by conduction cooling.
However, since the superconducting coil is usually arranged in the Crystat, which is an adiabatic vacuum vessel, it is difficult to realize two or more of the structures shown in the patent documents at the same time due to spatial restrictions (problem). ).
Further, in the superconducting magnet, the superconducting wire drawn from the coil outlet of the superconducting coil is routed to the power lead as a crossover wire and wired. In order to ensure the thermal stability of the superconducting magnet, this crossover has a problem that it is preferable to be cooled as in the case of the superconducting coil and the coil opening. When cooling the two superconducting coils, the length of the cooling path to the refrigerator differs between one coil and the other coil. Therefore, when this structure is used, there is a problem (problem) that a temperature difference may occur between the two superconducting coils.
　本発明は、このような従来の実情を鑑みてなされたものであり、対をなす２個の超伝導コイルの間の温度差をなくして、安定した運転ができる伝導冷却型超伝導磁石を提供することを課題（目的）とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional situation, and provides a conduction-cooled superconducting magnet capable of stable operation by eliminating a temperature difference between two paired superconducting coils. The task (purpose) is to do.
　前記の課題を解決するために、本発明を以下のように構成した。
　すなわち、本発明の伝導冷却型超伝導磁石は、同軸上に配置されて対をなす２個の超伝導コイルと、前記超伝導コイルを冷却する第１冷却板と、２個の前記超伝導コイルからそれぞれ超伝導線が引き出されるコイル口出しと、前記超伝導コイルに電流を供給するパワーリードと、前記コイル口出しの超伝導線から前記パワーリードまで配線される渡り線と、前記第１冷却板と前記渡り線を冷却する第２冷却板と、前記第２冷却板を冷却する冷却ステージと、を備え、前記第１冷却板は、対をなす２個の前記超伝導コイルの中間部に均等に配置されることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention was configured as follows.
That is, in the conduction cooling type superconducting magnet of the present invention, two superconducting coils arranged coaxially to form a pair, a first cooling plate for cooling the superconducting coil, and two superconducting coils. A coil outlet from which a superconducting wire is drawn from, a power lead that supplies a current to the superconducting coil, a crossover wire that is wired from the superconducting wire of the coil outlet to the power lead, and the first cooling plate. A second cooling plate for cooling the crossover and a cooling stage for cooling the second cooling plate are provided, and the first cooling plate is evenly distributed in the middle portion of the two paired superconducting coils. It is characterized by being arranged.
　また、その他の手段は、発明を実施するための形態のなかで説明する。 In addition, other means will be described in the form for carrying out the invention.
　本発明によれば、超伝導コイルと、コイル口出しと、渡り線と、を同時に冷却可能であり、かつ冷凍機に熱的に接続される冷却ステージから、２個の超伝導コイルまでの冷却のパスの長さがほとんど等価となる。そのため、超伝導コイルの間の温度差をなくして、安定した動作をする伝導冷却型超伝導磁石を提供できる。 According to the present invention, the superconducting coil, the coil outlet, and the crossover can be cooled at the same time, and the cooling from the cooling stage thermally connected to the refrigerator to the two superconducting coils can be cooled. The lengths of the paths are almost equivalent. Therefore, it is possible to provide a conduction-cooled superconducting magnet that operates stably by eliminating the temperature difference between the superconducting coils.
本発明の第１実施形態に係る伝導冷却型超伝導磁石の中心軸を含む切断面における断面構造の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the cross-sectional structure in the cut surface including the central axis of the conduction cooling type superconducting magnet which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第１実施形態に係る伝導冷却型超伝導磁石におけるコイル口出し、およびその近傍の構造の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the coil mouthing in the conduction cooling type superconducting magnet which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, and the structure in the vicinity thereof. 本発明の第１実施形態に係る伝導冷却型超伝導磁石における渡り線の構造の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the structure of the crossover in the conduction cooling type superconducting magnet which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention.
　以下、本発明を実施するための形態（以下においては「実施形態」と表記する）を、適宜、図面を参照して説明する。なお、各図面において、共通する構成要素には同一の符号を付し、重複した説明を、適宜、省略する。 Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “embodiments”) will be described as appropriate with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, common components are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted as appropriate.
≪第１実施形態≫
　本発明の第１実施形態に係る伝導冷却型超伝導磁石について、図１～図３を参照して説明する。なお、伝導冷却型超伝導磁石の「超伝導」は「超電導」と同義語として、本発明の実施形態の説明では、「超伝導」と表記する。 << First Embodiment >>
The conduction-cooled superconducting magnet according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. In addition, "superconductivity" of the conduction cooling type superconducting magnet is synonymous with "superconductivity", and is described as "superconductivity" in the description of the embodiment of the present invention.
《伝導冷却型超伝導磁石１の断面構造》
　図１は、本発明の第１実施形態に係る伝導冷却型超伝導磁石１の中心軸Ｚを含む切断面における断面構造の一例を示す図である。
　図１において、伝導冷却型超伝導磁石１は、２個の超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂ、第１冷却板１２Ａ、第２冷却板１２Ｂ、コイル口出し１３、渡り線１４、パワーリード１５、冷却ステージ１６、冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器１７を備えて構成されている。なお、熱交換器は、冷凍機に備えられていて冷凍機（１７）の一部である場合と、熱交換器（１７）は、冷凍機とは別の機器であって、冷凍機と接している場合とがある。
　２個の超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂが、円筒状の巻枠（ボビン）１８の同軸上（中心軸Ｚ）に巻回して構成されている。
　第１冷却板１２Ａは、超伝導コイル１１Ａと超伝導コイル１１Ｂとに接触して備えられ、超伝導コイル１１Ａと超伝導コイル１１Ｂとを共に冷却する。
　また、第１冷却板１２Ａは、対をなす２個の超伝導コイル１１Ａと超伝導コイル１１Ｂとの中間部に均等に渡って設けられている。
　また、第１冷却板１２Ａは、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂを介して、巻枠１８の同軸上（中心軸Ｚ）に巻回されている。すなわち、第１冷却板１２Ａは、２個の超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂを外周側から取り囲む円筒構造体からなる。 << Cross-sectional structure of conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 >>
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a cross-sectional structure on a cut surface including a central axis Z of a conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 has two superconducting coils 11A and 11B, a first cooling plate 12A, a second cooling plate 12B, a coil outlet 13, a crossover 14, a power lead 15, and a cooling stage 16. , A refrigerator or a heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator. It should be noted that the heat exchanger is provided in the refrigerator and is a part of the refrigerator (17), and the heat exchanger (17) is a device different from the refrigerator and is in contact with the refrigerator. There are cases where it is.
The two superconducting coils 11A and 11B are wound around the same axis (central axis Z) of the cylindrical winding frame (bobbin) 18.
The first cooling plate 12A is provided in contact with the superconducting coil 11A and the superconducting coil 11B, and cools both the superconducting coil 11A and the superconducting coil 11B.
Further, the first cooling plate 12A is evenly provided in the intermediate portion between the two paired superconducting coils 11A and the superconducting coil 11B.
Further, the first cooling plate 12A is wound on the same axis (central axis Z) of the winding frame 18 via the superconducting coils 11A and 11B. That is, the first cooling plate 12A is composed of a cylindrical structure that surrounds the two superconducting coils 11A and 11B from the outer peripheral side.
　超伝導コイル１１Ａおよび超伝導コイル１１Ｂは、超伝導線（３１：図２）を円筒状の巻枠１８に巻回されて、巻線をなすソレノイドコイルで構成されている。
　ソレノイドコイルとしての巻始めの超伝導線と、巻線終わりの超伝導線とを引き出したコイル口出し１３が、超伝導コイル１１Ａおよび超伝導コイル１１Ｂのコイル１個につきそれぞれ１箇所存在する。なお、図１においては、１箇所のコイル口出し１３に対して、巻始めの超伝導線と、巻線終わりの超伝導線を示すため、模式的に２本の導線として表記している。 The superconducting coil 11A and the superconducting coil 11B are composed of a solenoid coil in which a superconducting wire (31: FIG. 2) is wound around a cylindrical winding frame 18 to form a winding.
There is one coil outlet 13 for pulling out the superconducting wire at the beginning of winding and the superconducting wire at the end of winding as a solenoid coil for each coil of the superconducting coil 11A and the superconducting coil 11B. In addition, in FIG. 1, since the superconducting wire at the beginning of winding and the superconducting wire at the end of winding are shown with respect to one coil outlet 13, they are schematically shown as two conducting wires.
　図１に示した伝導冷却型超伝導磁石１では、２個の超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂの各々のコイル口出し１３は、中心軸Ｚの周方向ではほぼ同一位置、軸方向では２個のコイルの対称面側の端部に位置している。
　このように２個の超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂのコイル口出し１３が、近い距離に位置しているため、２個のコイル口出し１３に、渡り線１４と、第２冷却板１２Ｂと、を同一箇所でまとめて接続することができる。
　なお、コイル口出し１３の近傍の構造の詳細については、図２を参照して後記する。 In the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 shown in FIG. 1, the coil outlets 13 of the two superconducting coils 11A and 11B are substantially the same position in the circumferential direction of the central axis Z, and the two coils are in the axial direction. It is located at the end on the plane of symmetry.
Since the coil outlets 13 of the two superconducting coils 11A and 11B are located at close distances in this way, the crossover wire 14 and the second cooling plate 12B are located at the same location on the two coil outlets 13. You can connect all at once with.
The details of the structure in the vicinity of the coil outlet 13 will be described later with reference to FIG.
　図１において、第１冷却板１２Ａは、第２冷却板１２Ｂと接触して熱交換をする。第２冷却板１２Ｂは、領域１００において曲がりＬ字型の板状の構造を経て冷却ステージ１６と接触し、熱的に接続されている。冷却ステージ１６は、冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器１７と接触し、熱的に接続されている。
　このような構成、構造によって、冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器１７から冷却ステージ１６、第２冷却板１２Ｂ、第１冷却板１２Ａを介して、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂが冷却される。
　なお、渡り線１４も絶縁（電気的な絶縁）を介して、第２冷却板１２Ｂによって冷却される。 In FIG. 1, the first cooling plate 12A contacts the second cooling plate 12B and exchanges heat. The second cooling plate 12B is in contact with the cooling stage 16 via a curved L-shaped plate-like structure in the region 100, and is thermally connected. The cooling stage 16 is in contact with the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator and is thermally connected.
With such a configuration and structure, the superconducting coils 11A and 11B are cooled from the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator via the cooling stage 16, the second cooling plate 12B, and the first cooling plate 12A. To.
The crossover line 14 is also cooled by the second cooling plate 12B via insulation (electrical insulation).
　また、渡り線１４は、コイル口出し１３で超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂから引き出した導線をパワーリード１５に接続している。この構成によって、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂに、パワーリード１５の先に配置される外部装置（不図示）から、電流を供給され、制御される。
　なお、渡り線１４、およびその近傍の構造については、図３を参照して後記する。 Further, the crossover wire 14 connects the lead wires drawn from the superconducting coils 11A and 11B at the coil outlet 13 to the power lead 15. With this configuration, current is supplied to and controlled from the superconducting coils 11A and 11B from an external device (not shown) arranged at the tip of the power lead 15.
The structure of the crossover line 14 and its vicinity will be described later with reference to FIG.
《コイル口出し１３の詳細構造》
　次に、コイル口出し１３、およびその近傍の構造を、図２を参照して説明する。
　図２は、本発明の第１実施形態に係る伝導冷却型超伝導磁石１におけるコイル口出し１３、およびその近傍の構造の一例を示す図である。
　図２において、コイル口出し１３は、超伝導線３１、安定化銅３２、支持構造体３３を備えて構成される。なお、図２における超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂ、巻枠１８、中心軸Ｚは、図１に対応している。
　超伝導線３１は、超伝導コイル１１Ａおよび超伝導コイル１１Ｂからそれぞれ引き出されている。なお、図２においては、超伝導コイル１１Ａおよび超伝導コイル１１Ｂからそれぞれ引き出された超伝導線３１は、図の表記上の都合により、それぞれ１本として示しているが、実際には、図１のコイル口出し１３の近傍の太線２本に示すように、それぞれ２本ずつである。 << Detailed structure of coil outlet 13 >>
Next, the structure of the coil outlet 13 and its vicinity will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a structure of the coil outlet 13 and its vicinity in the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 2, the coil outlet 13 includes a superconducting wire 31, stabilized copper 32, and a support structure 33. The superconducting coils 11A and 11B, the winding frame 18, and the central axis Z in FIG. 2 correspond to those in FIG.
The superconducting wire 31 is drawn from the superconducting coil 11A and the superconducting coil 11B, respectively. In FIG. 2, the superconducting wires 31 drawn from the superconducting coil 11A and the superconducting coil 11B are shown as one for convenience of the notation in the figure, but in reality, FIG. As shown in the two thick lines in the vicinity of the coil opening 13 of the above, there are two each.
　安定化銅３２は、超伝導線３１がクエンチ（超伝導体から常伝導体への相転移）を起こした場合に、超伝導線３１に流れていた電流を安定化銅３２に流すことによって、急激な電流変化や温度変化を低減するために備えられたものである。
　また、安定化銅３２は、板状であり、超伝導線３１を引き回すための溝（不図示）が設けられている。
　支持構造体３３は、超伝導線３１と安定化銅３２を、巻枠１８から支持するためのものである。
　なお、超伝導線３１は、後記する超伝導線４１（図３）と接続される。また、安定化銅３２は、後記する安定化銅４２（図３）と接続される。 The stabilized copper 32 is produced by passing the current flowing through the superconducting wire 31 through the stabilized copper 32 when the superconducting wire 31 undergoes a quench (phase transition from the superconductor to the normal conductor). It is provided to reduce sudden current changes and temperature changes.
Further, the stabilized copper 32 has a plate shape and is provided with a groove (not shown) for routing the superconducting wire 31.
The support structure 33 is for supporting the superconducting wire 31 and the stabilized copper 32 from the winding frame 18.
The superconducting wire 31 is connected to the superconducting wire 41 (FIG. 3) described later. Further, the stabilized copper 32 is connected to the stabilized copper 42 (FIG. 3) described later.
　超伝導線３１は、安定化銅３２に設けられた溝の中に配線され、はんだ付けで安定化銅３２に、機械的、および電気的に接続されている。
　また、安定化銅３２の反コイル側端部は、渡り線１４と電気的接続を取るためのボルト穴が設けられた端子構造となっている。
　また、安定化銅３２と支持構造体３３との間に、十分な熱伝導率を持つ絶縁板（不図示）を挟んで、ボルト締結される（指示線２０１近傍）。このとき、ボルトを通じて安定化銅３２と、支持構造体３３とが電気的に導通しないように、ボルトとボルト穴の間には絶縁性の円筒状のカラー（不図示）が挿入されている。また、同じ理由により、安定化銅３２と、ボルトの頭との接触面には絶縁性のワッシャ（不図示）が挿入されている。
　また、支持構造体３３は、巻枠１８とボルト締結される（指示線２０２近傍）。 The superconducting wire 31 is wired in a groove provided in the stabilized copper 32 and is mechanically and electrically connected to the stabilized copper 32 by soldering.
Further, the anti-coil side end portion of the stabilized copper 32 has a terminal structure provided with a bolt hole for making an electrical connection with the crossover wire 14.
Further, an insulating plate (not shown) having sufficient thermal conductivity is sandwiched between the stabilized copper 32 and the support structure 33, and bolted (near the indicator line 201). At this time, an insulating cylindrical collar (not shown) is inserted between the bolt and the bolt hole so that the stabilized copper 32 and the support structure 33 do not electrically conduct with each other through the bolt. Further, for the same reason, an insulating washer (not shown) is inserted in the contact surface between the stabilized copper 32 and the head of the bolt.
Further, the support structure 33 is bolted to the winding frame 18 (near the indicator line 202).
　図２に示すコイル口出し１３では、安定化銅３２と超伝導線３１のはんだ接続部と、安定化銅３２とにおいて、通電時に電気抵抗による発熱が発生する。
　ただし、支持構造体３３の一端は、図１の第２冷却板１２Ｂに接続されている。
　さらに第２冷却板１２Ｂは、冷却ステージ１６（図１）に接続されている。
　この構造により、コイル口出し１３は、第２冷却板１２Ｂを介し、さらに冷却ステージ１６を介して、冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器１７により冷却されて、前記した電気抵抗により生じる発熱が、効率的に除熱（除去）される。 In the coil outlet 13 shown in FIG. 2, heat is generated due to electric resistance at the solder connection portion of the stabilized copper 32 and the superconducting wire 31 and the stabilized copper 32 when energized.
However, one end of the support structure 33 is connected to the second cooling plate 12B of FIG.
Further, the second cooling plate 12B is connected to the cooling stage 16 (FIG. 1).
With this structure, the coil outlet 13 is cooled by the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator via the second cooling plate 12B and further via the cooling stage 16, and the heat generated by the above-mentioned electric resistance is generated. However, the heat is efficiently removed (removed).
《渡り線の詳細構造》
　次に、渡り線１４の詳細構造について説明する。
　図３は、本発明の第１実施形態に係る伝導冷却型超伝導磁石１における渡り線１４の構造の一例を示す図である。
　図３において、渡り線１４は、超伝導線（導線）４１と安定化銅４２とを備えて構成される。
　図３における超伝導線４１は、図１に示す超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂとパワーリード１５の間を電気的に接続する。
　図３における安定化銅４２は、超伝導線４１を引き回すための溝が設けられ、板状でＬ字型の形状で構成されている。 << Detailed structure of crossover >>
Next, the detailed structure of the crossover line 14 will be described.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of the crossover line 14 in the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
In FIG. 3, the crossover wire 14 includes a superconducting wire (lead wire) 41 and a stabilized copper 42.
The superconducting wire 41 in FIG. 3 electrically connects between the superconducting coils 11A and 11B shown in FIG. 1 and the power lead 15.
The stabilized copper 42 in FIG. 3 is provided with a groove for routing the superconducting wire 41, and is formed in a plate shape and an L shape.
　超伝導線４１は、前記した安定化銅４２に設けられた溝の中に配線され、はんだ付けで安定化銅４２に、機械的および電気的に接続されている。
　安定化銅４２と第２冷却板１２Ｂとは、間に十分な熱伝導性を有する絶縁材を挟んで、ボルト締結される。
　このとき、ボルト４３を通じて、安定化銅４２と、第２冷却板１２Ｂとが電気的に導通しないように、ボルト４３とボルト穴４６の間には、絶縁性の円筒状のカラー４４を挿入する。また、安定化銅４２とボルト４３の頭との接触面には、絶縁性のワッシャ４５が挿入されている。 The superconducting wire 41 is wired in the groove provided in the stabilized copper 42 and is mechanically and electrically connected to the stabilized copper 42 by soldering.
The stabilized copper 42 and the second cooling plate 12B are bolted together with an insulating material having sufficient thermal conductivity sandwiched between them.
At this time, an insulating cylindrical collar 44 is inserted between the bolt 43 and the bolt hole 46 so that the stabilized copper 42 and the second cooling plate 12B do not electrically conduct with each other through the bolt 43. .. Further, an insulating washer 45 is inserted into the contact surface between the stabilized copper 42 and the head of the bolt 43.
　渡り線１４は、図１を参照して前記したように、超伝導コイル（１１Ａ，１１Ｂ）側の一方の端部で、コイル口出し１３と電気的に接続されている。また、渡り線１４は、他方の端部で、パワーリード１５と、電気的に接続されている。そのため、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂの通電時には、前記した渡り線１４の端部の接続部における電気抵抗により発熱が生じる。
　また、渡り線１４に配線された超伝導線４１（図３）が、歪や線材内部の欠陥により損傷していた場合、その損傷部分で電流は、安定化銅４２（図３）へ迂回することになり、この迂回電流によって抵抗発熱が生じる。
　しかし、図１に示すように第２冷却板１２Ｂは、冷却ステージ１６を介して、冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器１７と熱的に接続されている。そのため、第２冷却板１２Ｂに熱的に接続されている渡り線１４は、第２冷却板１２Ｂを介して冷却され、前記の接触部の抵抗、および迂回電流によって生じる発熱は、効率的に除熱される。 As described above with reference to FIG. 1, the crossover line 14 is electrically connected to the coil outlet 13 at one end on the superconducting coil (11A, 11B) side. Further, the crossover line 14 is electrically connected to the power lead 15 at the other end. Therefore, when the superconducting coils 11A and 11B are energized, heat is generated due to the electric resistance at the connection portion at the end of the crossover wire 14.
Further, when the superconducting wire 41 (FIG. 3) wired to the crossover wire 14 is damaged due to distortion or a defect inside the wire rod, the current diverges to the stabilized copper 42 (FIG. 3) at the damaged portion. Therefore, resistance heat generation is generated by this bypass current.
However, as shown in FIG. 1, the second cooling plate 12B is thermally connected to the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator via the cooling stage 16. Therefore, the crossover line 14 thermally connected to the second cooling plate 12B is cooled via the second cooling plate 12B, and the resistance of the contact portion and the heat generated by the bypass current are efficiently removed. Be heated.
　また、図３で示した超伝導線４１は、曲げ歪で損傷しないよう、Ｌ字型の安定化銅４２の屈曲部で、適切な最小曲げ半径以上の半径で曲げられる。また、安定化銅４２の屈曲部の曲げ半径も、超伝導線４１の曲げ半径に倣うような構造としている。この構造によって、超伝導線４１が屈曲部分（領域１００：図３）で安定化銅４２から離れることなく、超伝導線４１は、安定化銅４２を介して、均一に冷却される。
　また、超伝導線４１は、超伝導コイル（１１Ａ，１１Ｂ）が作る磁場によって、通電時に電磁力を受けることが考えられる。しかし、十分な剛性を持つ安定化銅４２の溝に配線され固定され、かつ第２冷却板１２Ｂにボルト締結されることで、前記磁場によって発生する電磁力に対しても強固な構造となっている。 Further, the superconducting wire 41 shown in FIG. 3 is bent at a bent portion of the L-shaped stabilized copper 42 with a radius equal to or larger than an appropriate minimum bending radius so as not to be damaged by bending strain. Further, the bending radius of the bent portion of the stabilized copper 42 also has a structure that follows the bending radius of the superconducting wire 41. With this structure, the superconducting wire 41 is uniformly cooled through the stabilized copper 42 without the superconducting wire 41 being separated from the stabilized copper 42 at the bent portion (region 100: FIG. 3).
Further, it is considered that the superconducting wire 41 receives an electromagnetic force when energized by the magnetic field created by the superconducting coils (11A, 11B). However, by being wired and fixed in the groove of the stabilized copper 42 having sufficient rigidity and bolted to the second cooling plate 12B, the structure becomes strong against the electromagnetic force generated by the magnetic field. There is.
《渡り線、パワーリードの数》
　本（第１）実施形態の伝導冷却型超伝導磁石１においては、図１～図３において、明記はしていないが、渡り線１４、およびパワーリード１５の数は、例えば、それぞれ３本ずつである。
　図１に示した超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂのそれぞれの両端から超伝導線３１（図２、図１）をそれぞれ２本ずつ、合計４本（２個×２本）を引き出している。
　この合計４本の超伝導線３１のうち、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂにおける各コイルの一方の端となる１本ずつ（計２本）は、２本の渡り線１４にそれぞれ接続される。
　そして、この２本の渡り線１４を介して、それぞれ２個のパワーリード１５までそのまま引き出されている。
　超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂにおける各コイルの他方の端となる計２本の超伝導線３１は、互いに電気的に接続されて１本に共通化される。この共通化された１本が、残り１本の渡り線１４に接続され、この渡り線１４を介して、残り１個のパワーリード１５まで引き出されている。 《Number of crossovers and power leads》
In the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 of the present (first) embodiment, although not specified in FIGS. 1 to 3, the number of crossovers 14 and the number of power leads 15 are, for example, three each. Is.
Two superconducting wires 31 (FIGS. 2 and 1) are drawn from both ends of the superconducting coils 11A and 11B shown in FIG. 1, for a total of four (2 × 2).
Of the total of four superconducting wires 31, one (two in total) that is one end of each coil in the superconducting coils 11A and 11B is connected to each of the two crossover wires 14.
Then, the two power leads 15 are pulled out as they are through the two crossovers 14.
A total of two superconducting wires 31 which are the other ends of the respective coils in the superconducting coils 11A and 11B are electrically connected to each other and are shared by one. This common one is connected to the remaining one crossover wire 14, and is led out to the remaining one power lead 15 via the crossover wire 14.
　このように、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂからそれぞれ２本ずつ引き出した、合計４本（２個×２本）の超伝導線３１が、３本の渡り線１４を介して、３本のパワーリード１５に接続されて、取り出されている。
　このような接続構成によって、通電する２本のパワーリード１５を３本のパワーリード１５の中から適切に選択することで、２個の超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂを直列に通電することもできるし、また、それぞれの超伝導コイル１１Ａ、および超伝導コイル１１Ｂに独立に通電することもできる。 In this way, a total of four (2 x 2) superconducting wires 31 drawn from the superconducting coils 11A and 11B, respectively, have three power leads via the three crossover wires 14. It is connected to 15 and taken out.
With such a connection configuration, the two superconducting coils 11A and 11B can be energized in series by appropriately selecting the two power leads 15 to be energized from the three power leads 15. Further, each superconducting coil 11A and superconducting coil 11B can be independently energized.
《第１冷却板１２Ａの円筒構造体》
　図１に示す第１冷却板１２Ａの円筒構造体は、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂの外周に熱的に接触するように設置され、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂの巻枠（ボビン）１８にボルト締結されている。
　この構造によって、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂは、円筒状の１周にわたって、第１冷却板１２Ａに接し、第１冷却板１２Ａを介して、外周面から第２冷却板１２Ｂ、冷却ステージ１６、冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器１７の経路により冷却される。
　また、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂは、種々の要因によって、クエンチ（超伝導体から常伝導体への相転移）して発熱するが、この発熱も第１冷却板１２Ａ、第２冷却板１２Ｂ、冷却ステージ１６を介して、冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器１７により効率的に除熱される。 << Cylindrical structure of the first cooling plate 12A >>
The cylindrical structure of the first cooling plate 12A shown in FIG. 1 is installed so as to be in thermal contact with the outer periphery of the superconducting coils 11A and 11B, and is bolted to the winding frame (bobbin) 18 of the superconducting coils 11A and 11B. Has been done.
With this structure, the superconducting coils 11A and 11B are in contact with the first cooling plate 12A over one round of the cylindrical shape, and the second cooling plate 12B, the cooling stage 16 and the refrigerator are refrigerated from the outer peripheral surface via the first cooling plate 12A. It is cooled by the path of the heat exchanger 17 connected to the machine or the refrigerator.
Further, the superconducting coils 11A and 11B generate heat by quenching (phase transition from the superconductor to the normal conductor) due to various factors, and this heat generation is also generated by the first cooling plate 12A, the second cooling plate 12B, and the like. The heat is efficiently removed by the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator via the cooling stage 16.
《パワーリード１５および磁場の影響》
　超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂは、断熱真空容器であるクライオスタット（不図示）に収納されている。
　図１に示すパワーリード１５には、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂが設置されるクライオスタット内の低温真空と、クライオスタット外の常温大気との間を電気的に接続するためと、かつ常温側から低温側への熱侵入量を低減するために、一部に超伝導体（高温超伝導体）が用いられている。
　超伝導体を備えるパワーリード１５は、高磁場中で臨界電流が低下するため、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂの作る磁場の影響を受けないように、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂから十分距離を置いて設置されている。
　そのため、渡り線１４には、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂとパワーリード１５を離して設置することができるだけの十分な長さが確保されている。
　また、図１には明確に示していないが、パワーリード１５も第２冷却板１２Ｂ、もしくは冷却ステージ１６を介して、冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器１７により冷却される構成となっている。 << Effects of power lead 15 and magnetic field >>
The superconducting coils 11A and 11B are housed in a cryostat (not shown) which is an adiabatic vacuum container.
The power lead 15 shown in FIG. 1 is for electrically connecting the low temperature vacuum in the cryostat in which the superconducting coils 11A and 11B are installed and the normal temperature atmosphere outside the cryostat, and from the normal temperature side to the low temperature side. Superconductors (high-temperature superconductors) are partially used in order to reduce the amount of heat invading the surface.
Since the critical current of the power lead 15 provided with the superconductor decreases in a high magnetic field, keep a sufficient distance from the superconducting coils 11A and 11B so as not to be affected by the magnetic field created by the superconducting coils 11A and 11B. is set up.
Therefore, the crossover wire 14 has a sufficient length so that the superconducting coils 11A and 11B and the power lead 15 can be installed apart from each other.
Further, although not clearly shown in FIG. 1, the power lead 15 is also cooled by the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator via the second cooling plate 12B or the cooling stage 16. It has become.
　図１の冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器１７の上部には、通常、冷凍機のモータが用いられており、磁場の影響によってモータに異常な動作が発生する可能性がある。
　そのため、冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器１７は、パワーリード１５と同様に、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂの作る磁場の影響を受けないよう、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂから十分、距離を置いて設置されている。
　この冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器１７と、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂとの間の長い距離を伝熱するため、十分に熱伝導率の高い材質で製作されている第２冷却板１２Ｂが用いられる。
　第２冷却板１２Ｂは、冷却ステージ１６と超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂの温度差が適切に抑えられるような、必要な断面積が確保されている。 A motor of the refrigerator is usually used in the upper part of the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator in FIG. 1, and there is a possibility that the motor may operate abnormally due to the influence of the magnetic field.
Therefore, the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator is sufficiently far from the superconducting coils 11A and 11B so as not to be affected by the magnetic field created by the superconducting coils 11A and 11B, like the power lead 15. It is installed with a place.
Second cooling made of a material with sufficiently high thermal conductivity in order to transfer heat over a long distance between the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator and the superconducting coils 11A and 11B. Plate 12B is used.
The second cooling plate 12B has a necessary cross-sectional area so that the temperature difference between the cooling stage 16 and the superconducting coils 11A and 11B can be appropriately suppressed.
＜第１実施形態の総括＞
　本（第１）実施形態の伝導冷却型超伝導磁石１によれば、２個の超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂと、コイル口出し１３と、渡り線１４とのすべてが、第１冷却板１２Ａ、第２冷却板１２Ｂを介して冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器１７に接続されている冷却ステージ１６に熱的に接続されており、これら部品（１１Ａ，１１Ｂ，１３，１４）を同時に冷却することが可能である。
　また、コイル口出し１３では、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂから引き出した導線（超伝導線３１）と、渡り線１４と、を電気的に接続するため、通電時に接続抵抗によって発熱（発熱部）が生じる。
　本（第１）実施形態では、冷却ステージ１６に連結された第２冷却板１２Ｂが、絶縁を介してコイル口出し１３に熱的に接続されているため、前記の発熱部を伝導冷却により冷却することが可能であり、超伝導磁石（伝導冷却型超伝導磁石１）を安定して運転（動作）することができる。 <Summary of the first embodiment>
According to the conduction cooling type superconducting magnet 1 of the present (first) embodiment, the two superconducting coils 11A and 11B, the coil outlet 13, and the crossover 14 are all the first cooling plate 12A, the first. 2 It is thermally connected to the cooling stage 16 connected to the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator via the cooling plate 12B, and these parts (11A, 11B, 13, 14) are simultaneously connected. It is possible to cool.
Further, in the coil outlet 13, since the conducting wire (superconducting wire 31) drawn from the superconducting coils 11A and 11B and the crossing wire 14 are electrically connected, heat is generated (heat generation part) due to the connection resistance when energized. ..
In the present (first) embodiment, since the second cooling plate 12B connected to the cooling stage 16 is thermally connected to the coil outlet 13 via insulation, the heat generating portion is cooled by conduction cooling. This is possible, and the superconducting magnet (conducting cooling type superconducting magnet 1) can be stably operated (operated).
　渡り線１４は、コイル口出し１３から冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器１７に接続された冷却ステージ１６の近傍までを、電気的に接続する導線である。本（第１）実施形態の伝導冷却型超伝導磁石１では、渡り線１４と、冷却ステージ１６とを第２冷却板１２Ｂによって絶縁を介して熱的に接続することで、渡り線１４を伝導冷却により冷却可能な構造となっている。
　なお、渡り線１４は、超伝導体でも、常伝導体でも、あるいはその両方を用いてもよい。
　渡り線１４が超伝導体である場合、冷却により超伝導線４１の熱的安定性を保つことができる。
　渡り線１４が常伝導体である場合、通電時に生じる抵抗発熱を除熱することで、超伝導線３１、あるいは超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂに熱を伝えないようにすることができる。 The crossover wire 14 is a lead wire that electrically connects the coil outlet 13 to the vicinity of the cooling stage 16 connected to the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator. In the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 of the present (first) embodiment, the crossover wire 14 and the cooling stage 16 are thermally connected by the second cooling plate 12B via insulation to conduct the crossover wire 14. It has a structure that can be cooled by cooling.
The crossover line 14 may be a superconductor, a normal conductor, or both.
When the crossover wire 14 is a superconductor, the thermal stability of the superconductor wire 41 can be maintained by cooling.
When the crossover wire 14 is a normal conductor, heat cannot be transferred to the superconducting wire 31 or the superconducting coils 11A and 11B by removing the heat generated by the resistance generated when the power is applied.
　また、一端を渡り線１４に接続されたパワーリード１５の他端は、一般に、超伝導コイルよりも高い温度の構造物に接続されるため、渡り線１４、および超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂに対して、伝熱による熱侵入が存在する。しかし、前記構造によって渡り線１４が冷却されることで、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂへの熱侵入を抑制できる。 Further, since the other end of the power lead 15 whose one end is connected to the crossover wire 14 is generally connected to a structure having a temperature higher than that of the superconducting coil, the crossover wire 14 and the superconducting coils 11A and 11B Therefore, there is heat intrusion due to heat transfer. However, since the crossover wire 14 is cooled by the structure, heat intrusion into the superconducting coils 11A and 11B can be suppressed.
＜第１実施形態の効果＞
　本（第１）実施形態では、第１冷却板１２Ａが超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂに接するとともに、対をなす２個の超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂの中間部に均等に配置されている。そのため、冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器１７に熱的に接続される冷却ステージ１６から、超伝導コイル１１Ａと超伝導コイル１１Ｂまでの冷却パスの長さがほとんど等しくなっており、２個の超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂの温度差を非常に小さく抑えることができる。
　その結果、対をなす２個の超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂを備えた超伝導磁石（伝導冷却型超伝導磁石１）を安定して動作させることができる。すなわち、安定した運転ができる伝導冷却型超伝導磁石１が提供できる。 <Effect of the first embodiment>
In the present (first) embodiment, the first cooling plate 12A is in contact with the superconducting coils 11A and 11B, and is evenly arranged in the intermediate portion between the two paired superconducting coils 11A and 11B. Therefore, the lengths of the cooling paths from the cooling stage 16 thermally connected to the refrigerator or the heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator to the superconducting coil 11A and the superconducting coil 11B are almost equal. The temperature difference between the two superconducting coils 11A and 11B can be suppressed to a very small size.
As a result, the superconducting magnet (conducting cooling type superconducting magnet 1) provided with the two paired superconducting coils 11A and 11B can be stably operated. That is, it is possible to provide a conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 capable of stable operation.
≪その他の実施形態≫
　なお、本発明は、以上に説明した実施形態に限定されるものでなく、さらに様々な変形例が含まれる。例えば、前記の実施形態は、本発明を分かりやすく説明するために、詳細に説明したものであり、必ずしも説明したすべての構成を備えるものに限定されるものではない。また、ある実施形態の構成の一部を他の実施形態の構成の一部で置き換えることが可能であり、さらに、ある実施形態の構成に他の実施形態の構成の一部または全部を追加・削除・置換をすることも可能である。
　以下に、その他の実施形態や変形例について、さらに説明する。 << Other Embodiments >>
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and further includes various modifications. For example, the above-described embodiment has been described in detail in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and is not necessarily limited to those having all the described configurations. Further, it is possible to replace a part of the configuration of one embodiment with a part of the configuration of another embodiment, and further, add a part or all of the configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of one embodiment. It is also possible to delete / replace.
Hereinafter, other embodiments and modifications will be further described.
《超伝導コイル》
　第１実施形態においては、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂは、ソレノイドコイルの形状であると説明したが、ソレノイドコイルに限定されない。例えば、楕円、矩形、レーストラック形状であってもよい。 《Superconducting coil》
In the first embodiment, the superconducting coils 11A and 11B have been described as having the shape of a solenoid coil, but the superconducting coils 11A and 11B are not limited to the solenoid coil. For example, it may be an ellipse, a rectangle, or a race track shape.
《超伝導線の材質と形状》
　第１実施形態においては、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂに用いる超伝導線の材質については、説明しなかったが、低温超伝導体や高温超伝導体のいずれでもよい。
　例えば、低温超伝導体としては、ＮｂＴｉ、Ｎｂ3Ｓｎ等がある。また高温超伝導体としては、ＭｇＢ2、あるいは、Ｂｉ2Ｓｒ2ＣａＣｕ2Ｏ8+δ（Ｂｉ２２１２）、Ｂｉ2Ｓｒ2Ｃａ2Ｃｕ3Ｏ10+δ（Ｂｉ２２２３）等のビスマス系超伝導体、ＲＥＢａ2Ｃｕ3Ｏ7-δ（ＲＥ１２３、ＲＥ：希土類元素）等の希土類系超伝導体がある。
　さらに、超伝導線の形状は丸線、角線、平角線、テープ線のいずれでもよい。 << Material and shape of superconducting wire >>
In the first embodiment, the material of the superconducting wire used for the superconducting coils 11A and 11B has not been described, but either a low-temperature superconductor or a high-temperature superconductor may be used.
For example, examples of low-temperature superconductors include NbTi and Nb 3 Sn. Examples of high-temperature superconductors include MgB 2 , or bismuth-based superconductors such as Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+ δ (Bi2212) and Bi 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O 10+ δ (Bi2223). There are rare earth-based superconductors such as REBa 2 Cu 3 O 7- δ (RE123, RE: rare earth element).
Further, the shape of the superconducting wire may be any of a round wire, a square wire, a flat wire, and a tape wire.
《導電用の可撓リード》
　第１実施形態においては、図１に示すように、パワーリード１５と渡り線１４との間を直接に接続していた。
　しかし、図１におけるパワーリード１５と渡り線１４との接続の間を、機械的な変位を吸収（緩和）するための導電用の可撓リード（不図示）を用いてもよい。
　冷却時に、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂ、第１冷却板１２Ａ、第２冷却板１２Ｂ、コイル口出し１３、渡り線１４は、一体となって冷却収縮により変位する。そしてパワーリード１５は、前記の各部品（１１Ａ，１１Ｂ、１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、１３、１４）よりも高い温度の構造体に接続されている。そのため、パワーリード１５と前記の各部品（１１Ａ，１１Ｂ、１２Ａ、１２Ｂ、１３、１４）との間に、機械的な変異（変位差）が生じる。 《Flexible lead for conductivity》
In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the power lead 15 and the crossover line 14 are directly connected to each other.
However, a conductive flexible lead (not shown) for absorbing (relaxing) mechanical displacement may be used between the connection between the power lead 15 and the crossover line 14 in FIG. 1.
At the time of cooling, the superconducting coils 11A and 11B, the first cooling plate 12A, the second cooling plate 12B, the coil outlet 13, and the crossover line 14 are integrally displaced by cooling shrinkage. The power lead 15 is connected to a structure having a temperature higher than that of each of the above-mentioned parts (11A, 11B, 12A, 12B, 13, 14). Therefore, a mechanical variation (displacement difference) occurs between the power lead 15 and each of the above-mentioned parts (11A, 11B, 12A, 12B, 13, 14).
　また、伝導冷却型超伝導磁石１の輸送時には、外部から加えられる加速度により、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂ、第１冷却板１２Ａ、第２冷却板１２Ｂ、コイル口出し１３、渡り線１４と、パワーリード１５とに異なる変位が起こり、変位差が生じる可能性がある。
　可撓リードを、パワーリード１５と渡り線１４との間に備え、それらを直接に接続する構造とすることによって、前記の変位差を導電用の可撓リードが吸収し、渡り線１４またはパワーリード１５に機械的な力が伝わらない効果がある。
　導電用の可撓リードには、電気伝導率の高く、かつ可撓性の良いものが使用される。例えば銅の編線が用いられる。 Further, when the conduction cooling type superconducting magnet 1 is transported, the superconducting coils 11A and 11B, the first cooling plate 12A, the second cooling plate 12B, the coil outlet 13, the crossover wire 14, and the power lead are generated by the acceleration applied from the outside. There is a possibility that a displacement different from that of 15 will occur and a displacement difference will occur.
By providing a flexible lead between the power lead 15 and the crossover wire 14 and directly connecting them, the above-mentioned displacement difference is absorbed by the conductive flexible lead, and the crossover wire 14 or the power There is an effect that mechanical force is not transmitted to the lead 15.
As the flexible lead for conductivity, one having high electric conductivity and good flexibility is used. For example, copper braid is used.
《渡り線の導線》
　第１実施形態において、図３に示した渡り線１４には、超伝導線（導線）４１が備えられているとして、電気的な導線を超伝導線４１として説明した。しかし、前記したように、超伝導線の代わりに常伝導線の導線を用いることも可能である。ただし、この常伝導線である導線の抵抗値は十分に低い値となるように設定する。 《Crossover wire》
In the first embodiment, it is assumed that the crossover wire 14 shown in FIG. 3 is provided with a superconducting wire (lead wire) 41, and the electrical conducting wire is described as the superconducting wire 41. However, as described above, it is also possible to use a normal conducting wire instead of the superconducting wire. However, the resistance value of the conducting wire, which is a normal conducting wire, is set to be a sufficiently low value.
《渡り線の屈曲部》
　第１実施形態の説明で参照した図１、図３の領域１００において、渡り線１４は、屈曲して設けられている例を示した。しかし、磁石の配置に応じては、図１、図３で示した渡り線１４の屈曲部は無くしてもよい。また、２箇所以上設けてもよい。 《Bending part of crossover》
In the region 100 of FIGS. 1 and 3 referred to in the description of the first embodiment, the crossover line 14 shows an example in which the crossover line 14 is bent. However, depending on the arrangement of the magnets, the bent portion of the crossover line 14 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 may be eliminated. Further, two or more places may be provided.
《屈曲部の導電用の可撓リード》
　第１実施形態の説明で参照した図１、図３の領域１００に示したような屈曲部において、超伝導線４１、および安定化銅４２を分割し、その間を導電用の可撓リードで接続する構成もある。 《Flexible lead for conductivity of bent part》
In the bent portion as shown in the region 100 of FIGS. 1 and 3 referred to in the description of the first embodiment, the superconducting wire 41 and the stabilized copper 42 are divided and connected between them by a flexible lead for conduction. There is also a configuration to do.
《渡り線とパワーリードの数》
　第１実施形態の伝導冷却型超伝導磁石１における説明では、渡り線１４、およびパワーリード１５の数をそれぞれ３本ずつであるとして説明した。そして、各コイル（超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂ）の超伝導線３１は、互いに電気的に接続されて１本に共通化された後に、渡り線１４を介してパワーリード１５まで引き出されている。
　しかし、渡り線とパワーリードの数は、前記の数に限定されない。
　例えば、超伝導磁石の用途に応じて、超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂの引き出し線（超伝導線３１）を２本とも共通化して、渡り線１４およびパワーリード１５の数を各々２本ずつとしてもよい。
　あるいは引き出し線をすべて共通化せずに、渡り線１４及びパワーリード１５の数を各々４本としてもよい。 《Number of crossovers and power leads》
In the description of the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 of the first embodiment, the number of the crossovers 14 and the number of the power leads 15 are each three. Then, the superconducting wires 31 of each coil ( superconducting coils 11A and 11B) are electrically connected to each other and shared into one, and then are drawn out to the power lead 15 via the crossover wire 14.
However, the number of crossovers and power leads is not limited to the above number.
For example, depending on the application of the superconducting magnet, the lead wires (superconducting wires 31) of the superconducting coils 11A and 11B may be shared by two, and the number of crossover wires 14 and the number of power leads 15 may be two each. Good.
Alternatively, the number of crossover wires 14 and the number of power leads 15 may be 4 each without sharing all the leader wires.
《第１冷却板１２Ａの円筒構造体の構造》
　第１実施形態においては、図１を参照して、第１冷却板１２Ａは、２個の超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂを外周側から取り囲む円筒構造体からなると説明した。しかし基本的な円筒構造体に限定されない。
　例えば、第１冷却板１２Ａの円筒構造体は、分割構造でもよい。この場合には、各分割部の間は伝熱用の可撓リードで熱的に接続する。 << Structure of the cylindrical structure of the first cooling plate 12A >>
In the first embodiment, it has been described that the first cooling plate 12A is composed of a cylindrical structure that surrounds the two superconducting coils 11A and 11B from the outer peripheral side with reference to FIG. However, it is not limited to the basic cylindrical structure.
For example, the cylindrical structure of the first cooling plate 12A may be a divided structure. In this case, the split portions are thermally connected by a flexible lead for heat transfer.
《第２冷却板１２Ｂの構造》
　第１実施形態においては、図１の伝導冷却型超伝導磁石１では、１枚の第２冷却板１２Ｂと１台の冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器１７によって、２個の超伝導コイル１１Ａ，１１Ｂの組を１組として冷却しているが、必ずしもこの構造に限定されるものではない。
　例えば、第２冷却板１２Ｂの構造の一部を変形することで、１枚の第２冷却板１２Ｂおよび１台の冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器１７によって、複数組の超伝導コイル（１１Ａ，１１Ｂ）を同時に冷却してもよい。
　あるいは、１枚の第２冷却板１２Ｂと複数の冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器１７によって、１組または複数組の超伝導コイル（１１Ａ，１１Ｂ）を冷却してもよい。 << Structure of the second cooling plate 12B >>
In the first embodiment, in the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 of FIG. 1, two superconducting plates 12B and one refrigerator or a heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator 17 are used. The set of the conducting coils 11A and 11B is cooled as one set, but the structure is not necessarily limited to this.
For example, by modifying a part of the structure of the second cooling plate 12B, a plurality of sets of superconductivity are provided by one second cooling plate 12B and one refrigerator or a heat exchanger 17 connected to the refrigerator. The coils (11A, 11B) may be cooled at the same time.
Alternatively, one or more sets of superconducting coils (11A, 11B) may be cooled by one second cooling plate 12B and a plurality of refrigerators or heat exchangers 17 connected to the refrigerators.
《複数組の対をなす２個の超伝導コイル》
　図１に示す第１実施形態の伝導冷却型超伝導磁石においては、対をなす２個の超伝導コイルは、１組の場合を例示した。しかし、１組には限定させず、複数組で構成することもできる。以下に例示する。
　同軸上に配置されて対をなす２個の超伝導コイル（１１Ａ，１１Ｂ）の複数の組がある。
　第１冷却板（１２Ａ）は、対をなす２個の超伝導コイル（１１Ａ）と超伝導コイル（１１Ｂ）との中間部に均等に渡って設けられている。また、複数の組の対をなす２個の超伝導コイル（１１Ａ）と超伝導コイル（１１Ｂ）との中間部に均等に渡って設けられた複数の第１冷却板（１２Ａ）は、共通の第２冷却板（１２Ｂ）を介して、互いに接続されて共通化（共有化）されている。
　また、２個の超伝導コイル（１１Ａ，１１Ｂ）の複数の組からそれぞれ超伝導線（３１）が引き出される複数のコイル口出し１３が設けられている。 《Two pairs of superconducting coils》
In the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the case where two pairs of superconducting coils are paired is illustrated. However, it is not limited to one set, and may be composed of a plurality of sets. It is illustrated below.
There are multiple sets of two superconducting coils (11A, 11B) arranged coaxially and in pairs.
The first cooling plate (12A) is evenly provided in the intermediate portion between the two paired superconducting coils (11A) and the superconducting coil (11B). Further, a plurality of first cooling plates (12A) evenly provided in the middle portion between the two superconducting coils (11A) forming a plurality of pairs and the superconducting coil (11B) are common. They are connected to each other and shared (shared) via a second cooling plate (12B).
Further, a plurality of coil outlets 13 are provided so that the superconducting wire (31) is drawn from each of the plurality of sets of the two superconducting coils (11A, 11B).
　また、複数の組の超伝導コイル（１１Ａ，１１Ｂ）に電流を供給する複数または共通のパワーリード（１５）が設けられている。
　また、複数のコイル口出し（１３）の超伝導線（３１）から複数または共通のパワーリード（１５）までそれぞれ配線される複数の渡り線（１４）が設けられている。
　また、複数の第１冷却板（１２Ａ）と複数の渡り線（１４）を冷却する共通の第２冷却板（１２Ｂ）が設けられている。
　また、第２冷却板（１２Ｂ）を冷却する冷却ステージ（１６）が設けられている。
　複数の渡り線（１４）は、共通の第２冷却板（１２Ｂ）によって絶縁を介して冷却されつつ配線されている。
　以上の構成によって、同一の冷却源である冷凍機または冷凍機に接続された熱交換器（１７）から、冷却ステージ（１６）、共通の第２冷却板（１２Ｂ）、第１冷却板（１２Ａ）を介して、対をなす２個の超伝導コイル（１１Ａ，１１Ｂ）の複数の組を、併せて冷却することができる。 Further, a plurality of or common power leads (15) for supplying a current to a plurality of sets of superconducting coils (11A, 11B) are provided.
Further, a plurality of crossover wires (14) are provided, each of which is wired from the superconducting wire (31) of the plurality of coil outlets (13) to the plurality of or common power leads (15).
Further, a common second cooling plate (12B) for cooling the plurality of first cooling plates (12A) and the plurality of crossovers (14) is provided.
Further, a cooling stage (16) for cooling the second cooling plate (12B) is provided.
The plurality of crossovers (14) are wired while being cooled by a common second cooling plate (12B) via insulation.
With the above configuration, from the refrigerator (17) which is the same cooling source or connected to the refrigerator, the cooling stage (16), the common second cooling plate (12B), and the first cooling plate (12A). ), A plurality of sets of two paired superconducting coils (11A, 11B) can be cooled together.
《冷凍機と伝導冷却型超伝導磁石》
　図１で示した第１実施形態の伝導冷却型超伝導磁石１では、冷凍機が伝導冷却型超伝導磁石１に備えられていない場合もあるものとして説明した。
　しかし、伝導冷却型超伝導磁石に冷凍機を備えてもよい。つまり、熱交換器（１７）を含む冷凍機を伝導冷却型超伝導磁石に備え、冷凍機（熱交換器）と冷却ステージ（１６：図１）とを熱的に直に接続する構成もある。 << Refrigerator and conduction-cooled superconducting magnet >>
In the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, it has been described that the refrigerator may not be provided in the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet 1.
However, the conduction cooling type superconducting magnet may be provided with a refrigerator. That is, there is also a configuration in which a refrigerator including a heat exchanger (17) is provided in a conduction cooling type superconducting magnet, and the refrigerator (heat exchanger) and the cooling stage (16: FIG. 1) are thermally directly connected. ..
　１　　伝導冷却型超伝導磁石
　１１Ａ，１１Ｂ　　超伝導コイル
　１２Ａ　　第１冷却板（冷却板）
　１２Ｂ　　第２冷却板（冷却板）
　１３　　コイル口出し
　１４　　渡り線
　１５　　パワーリード
　１６　　冷却ステージ
　１７　　冷凍機または熱交換器
　１８　　巻枠（ボビン）
　３１　　超伝導線
　３２　　安定化銅
　３３　　支持構造体
　４１　　導線（超伝導線、常伝導線）
　４２　　安定化銅
　４３　　ボルト
　４４　　カラー
　４５　　ワッシャ
　４６　　ボルト穴 1 Conductive cooling type superconducting magnet 11A, 11B Superconducting coil 12A 1st cooling plate (cooling plate)
12B 2nd cooling plate (cooling plate)
13 Coil outlet 14 Crossover wire 15 Power lead 16 Cooling stage 17 Refrigerator or heat exchanger 18 Roll frame (bobbin)
31 Superconducting wire 32 Stabilized copper 33 Support structure 41 Superconducting wire (superconducting wire, normal conducting wire)
42 Stabilized Copper 43 Bolts 44 Color 45 Washers 46 Bolt Holes

Claims (12)

  1. 　同軸上に配置されて対をなす２個の超伝導コイルと、
    　前記超伝導コイルを冷却する第１冷却板と、
    　２個の前記超伝導コイルからそれぞれ超伝導線が引き出されるコイル口出しと、
    　前記超伝導コイルに電流を供給するパワーリードと、
    　前記コイル口出しの超伝導線から前記パワーリードまで配線される渡り線と、
    　前記第１冷却板と前記渡り線を冷却する第２冷却板と、
    　前記第２冷却板を冷却する冷却ステージと、
    を備え、
    　前記第１冷却板は、対をなす２個の前記超伝導コイルの中間部に均等に配置される、
    ことを特徴とする伝導冷却型超伝導磁石。     Two superconducting coils arranged coaxially and paired with each other
    A first cooling plate for cooling the superconducting coil and
    A coil outlet from which superconducting wires are drawn from each of the two superconducting coils, and
    A power lead that supplies current to the superconducting coil,
    A crossover wire wired from the superconducting wire at the coil outlet to the power lead,
    The first cooling plate, the second cooling plate for cooling the crossover, and
    A cooling stage for cooling the second cooling plate and
    With
    The first cooling plate is evenly arranged in the middle of the two paired superconducting coils.
    A conduction-cooled superconducting magnet characterized by this.
  2. 　請求項１において、
    　前記コイル口出しは、
    　前記超伝導コイルにから引き出された２本の前記超伝導線と、
    　前記超伝導線が溝に埋め込まれてはんだ付けされた安定化銅と、
    　前記安定化銅を支持する支持構造体と、
    を備える、
    ことを特徴とする伝導冷却型超伝導磁石。     In claim 1,
    The coil mouth is
    The two superconducting wires drawn from the superconducting coil and
    Stabilized copper with the superconducting wire embedded in the groove and soldered,
    A support structure that supports the stabilized copper,
    To prepare
    A conduction-cooled superconducting magnet characterized by this.
  3. 　請求項１において、
    　前記渡り線は、
    　超伝導体を有する導線と、
    　当該導線が溝に埋め込まれてはんだ付けされた安定化銅と、
    を備える、
    ことを特徴とする伝導冷却型超伝導磁石。     In claim 1,
    The crossover is
    A wire with a superconductor and
    Stabilized copper with the lead wire embedded in the groove and soldered,
    To prepare
    A conduction-cooled superconducting magnet characterized by this.
  4. 　請求項１において、
    　前記渡り線は、
    　常伝導体を有する導線と、
    　当該導線が溝に埋め込まれてはんだ付けされた安定化銅と、
    を備える、
    ことを特徴とする伝導冷却型超伝導磁石。     In claim 1,
    The crossover is
    A conductor with a normal conductor and
    Stabilized copper with the lead wire embedded in the groove and soldered,
    To prepare
    A conduction-cooled superconducting magnet characterized by this.
  5. 　請求項３において、
    　前記安定化銅と前記第２冷却板とが、熱伝導性を有する絶縁材を挟んでボルト締結される、
    ことを特徴とする伝導冷却型超伝導磁石。     In claim 3,
    The stabilized copper and the second cooling plate are bolted together with an insulating material having thermal conductivity interposed therebetween.
    A conduction-cooled superconducting magnet characterized by this.
  6. 　請求項１において、
    　３本の前記渡り線と、
    　３本の前記パワーリードと、
    を備え、
    　２個の前記超伝導コイルの両端からそれぞれ引き出された計４本の前記超伝導線において、
    　２個の前記超伝導コイルのそれぞれの一端から引き出された計２本の前記超伝導線は、２本の前記渡り線のそれぞれの一端に接続され、
    　２個の前記超伝導コイルのそれぞれの他端から引き出された計２本の前記超伝導線は、互いに接続され共通化されて残り１本の前記渡り線の一端に接続され、
    　３本の前記渡り線の他端は、３本の前記パワーリードにそれぞれ接続されている、
    ことを特徴とする伝導冷却型超伝導磁石。     In claim 1,
    With the three crossovers
    With the three power leads
    With
    In a total of four superconducting wires drawn from both ends of the two superconducting coils,
    A total of two superconducting wires drawn from one end of each of the two superconducting coils are connected to each end of each of the two crossover wires.
    A total of two superconducting wires drawn from the other ends of the two superconducting coils are connected to each other and shared, and are connected to one end of the remaining one crossover wire.
    The other ends of the three crossovers are connected to the three power leads, respectively.
    A conduction-cooled superconducting magnet characterized by this.
  7. 　請求項１において、
    　前記パワーリードと前記渡り線との間に接続された電導用の可撓リードを備え、
    　当該可撓リードによって、前記パワーリードと前記渡り線との間の機械的な力の伝達が緩和される、
    ことを特徴とする伝導冷却型超伝導磁石。     In claim 1,
    A flexible lead for conduction connected between the power lead and the crossover is provided.
    The flexible lead mitigates the transfer of mechanical force between the power lead and the crossover.
    A conduction-cooled superconducting magnet characterized by this.
  8. 　請求項１において、
    　前記第１冷却板は、前記超伝導コイルに取り付けられる円筒構造体を形成し、
    　前記第２冷却板は、Ｌ字型の板状の構造体を形成し、
    　前記円筒構造体と前記Ｌ字型の板状の構造体とが、伝熱用の可撓リードで接続されている、
    ことを特徴とする伝導冷却型超伝導磁石。     In claim 1,
    The first cooling plate forms a cylindrical structure attached to the superconducting coil.
    The second cooling plate forms an L-shaped plate-shaped structure, and forms an L-shaped plate-like structure.
    The cylindrical structure and the L-shaped plate-shaped structure are connected by a flexible lead for heat transfer.
    A conduction-cooled superconducting magnet characterized by this.
  9. 　請求項１において、
    　冷凍機を備え、
    　前記冷凍機と前記冷却ステージとを熱的に直に接続する、
    ことを特徴とする伝導冷却型超伝導磁石。     In claim 1,
    Equipped with a refrigerator
    The refrigerator and the cooling stage are thermally directly connected.
    A conduction-cooled superconducting magnet characterized by this.
  10. 　請求項１において、
    　熱交換器を備え、
    　当該熱交換器を介して冷凍機と前記冷却ステージとを熱的に接続する、
    ことを特徴とする伝導冷却型超伝導磁石。     In claim 1,
    Equipped with a heat exchanger
    The refrigerator and the cooling stage are thermally connected via the heat exchanger.
    A conduction-cooled superconducting magnet characterized by this.
  11. 　請求項１において、
    　円筒状の巻枠を備え、
    　前記超伝導コイルは、前記巻枠に巻回される、
    ことを特徴とする伝導冷却型超伝導磁石。     In claim 1,
    Equipped with a cylindrical winding frame,
    The superconducting coil is wound around the winding frame.
    A conduction-cooled superconducting magnet characterized by this.
  12. 　同軸上に配置されて対をなす２個の超伝導コイルの複数の組と、
    　複数の組の前記超伝導コイルを冷却する第１冷却板と、
    　２個の前記超伝導コイルの複数の組からそれぞれ超伝導線が引き出される複数のコイル口出しと、
    　複数の組の前記超伝導コイルに電流を供給する複数のパワーリードと、
    　複数の前記コイル口出しの超伝導線から複数の前記パワーリードまでそれぞれ配線される複数の渡り線と、
    　前記第１冷却板と複数の前記渡り線を冷却する共通の第２冷却板と、
    　前記第２冷却板を冷却する冷却ステージと、
    を備え、
    　前記第１冷却板は、対をなす２個の前記超伝導コイルの中間部に均等に配置され、かつ複数の組で共通化され、
    　複数の前記渡り線は、共通の前記第２冷却板によって絶縁を介して冷却されつつ配線されている、
    ことを特徴とする伝導冷却型超伝導磁石。     Multiple sets of two superconducting coils arranged coaxially and in pairs,
    A first cooling plate for cooling a plurality of sets of the superconducting coils,
    A plurality of coil openings in which superconducting wires are drawn from a plurality of sets of the two superconducting coils, and
    A plurality of power leads that supply current to a plurality of sets of the superconducting coils,
    A plurality of crossovers wired from the plurality of superconducting wires of the coil outlet to the plurality of power leads, respectively.
    A common second cooling plate that cools the first cooling plate and the plurality of crossovers, and
    A cooling stage for cooling the second cooling plate and
    With
    The first cooling plate is evenly arranged in the middle portion of the two paired superconducting coils, and is shared by a plurality of sets.
    The plurality of crossovers are wired while being cooled through insulation by the common second cooling plate.
    A conduction-cooled superconducting magnet characterized by this.
PCT/JP2020/026506 2019-07-22 2020-07-07 Conduction-cooling-type superconducting magnet WO2021014959A1 (en)

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