JP2012220178A - Method and device for combusting emulsion fuel of gases and water - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and device for combusting an emulsion fuel of gases and water, capable of performing stable combustion of high combustibility by uniformly dispersing and mixing the water into the gases, and greatly reducing fuel costs and emission of carbon dioxide.SOLUTION: Atomized water prepared with atomized water making tool by pressurizing water or prepared by ultrasonic atomization, is Rayleigh-divided in a high electric field section to prepare the submicron atomized water of 0.1-20 nm particle size, and the submicron atomized water is dispersed and mixed into the gas from a proper position of a burner pipe of the burner combustion section to be burned as emulsion fuel.

Description

  In the present invention, an emulsion fuel in which water is dispersed and mixed with gas such as LPG and LNG such as city gas is stably combusted with high combustibility, thereby greatly reducing fuel consumption and exhaust gas. The present invention relates to an emulsion fuel combustion method and a combustion apparatus that make it possible to achieve the above-mentioned.

  Petroleum such as gasoline, light oil or heavy oil as an energy source in industrial activities and daily activities, and gas such as LPG and LNG such as city gas are both energy efficient and easy to handle. As a result, a huge amount of consumption has been made over a wide range, and petroleum has already faced the depletion of resources, and as a result, it has been actively switched to LNG and other gases as alternative energy. ing.

However, to date, with the consumption of enormous amounts of oils and gases, the global environment has been severely polluted and destroyed due to the accumulation of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, resulting in frequent health damage and Insufficient situations have also occurred, and in addition to the inconvenience caused by extreme temperatures and low temperatures and the cultivation of crops caused by droughts and the inability to harvest, there are huge damages such as flooding of rivers due to torrential rain and destruction of houses and facilities due to destruction, etc. Is also occurring.
And even if the provisional energy source is converted to LNG and other gases, the active consumption of emerging economies, which is much larger than the developed countries, is expanding, leading to short-term depletion and environmental pollution. There is a danger that no effective countermeasures will be taken.

  In addition, it should be noted that in developed countries, there are no measures to deal with the depletion of resources such as oil and gas and the expansion of environmental pollution, and the development of solar energy, wind power, etc. as power generation energy exclusively as new alternative energy. Although these efforts are underway, these alternative electrical energies are still not energy efficient and their use is severely restricted, so they do not have alternative requirements for oils and gases, especially petroleum and gas resources. It does not contribute to direct solutions such as depletion and prevention of environmental pollution.

As a result of intensive research in view of such problems, the inventors have made it possible to obtain an emulsion fuel in which the required volume ratio of water is homogeneously dispersed and atomized into water droplets without using an emulsifier in petroleum. Has succeeded in reducing the fuel consumption and exhaust gas by maintaining the high flammability and combustion stability by using the steam reforming reaction and water gas reaction of water. The contents are disclosed.
However, as described above, petroleum as an industrial and household fuel energy source has been gradually converted to city gas, LPG, or LNG in recent years, and the gas is also burned and consumed by making it into an emulsion fuel. This will contribute to the prevention of resource depletion and environmental pollution.

By the way, the emulsified fuels of petroleum and water are mixed in a liquid state, and in order to maintain high flammability and stable combustion, the mixed fuels are uniformly dispersed and mixed and mixed. Since it is necessary to atomize water droplets as much as possible, a dispersion mixing module is distributed in order to collide, disturb, crush and mix oil and water mixed in the required volume ratio in a short time and abruptly. It can be done.
However, in the case of an emulsified fuel of gas and water, the gas to be mixed is a gas and there are some fluctuations depending on the molecular bonding state, but generally the particle size is about 10 ⁻⁸ cm, that is, about 10 mm. On the other hand, since the particle size of water is 3 to 10 μm or more even by means of atomization using a dispersion mixing module or high-pressure spray, the difference in particle size is extremely large even when mixed with each other and the specific gravity of water is different. Because of the liquid droplets having a large particle size relative to the gas molecular particle size, the microexplosive action that enhances gas combustion is not exhibited effectively, and the heat of vaporization during combustion The deprivation is greatly overridden, resulting in the inhibition of gas combustibility.

Therefore, the inventors essentially changed the technical idea related to dispersive mixing, and although there is an improvement in productivity for water droplets to be mixed with gases, the Rayleigh fragmentation is caused by the evaporation of water and the addition of a high electric field. It has been clarified that the technology that enables the creation of micronized droplets with a droplet size of approximately 0.1 to 20 nm, and the combustion of gas is used in household gas combustion equipment that uses a large amount of gas. Since the pressure is at most about ² to 3 kg / cm ² or less, the production of emulsified fuel with gas and water can be easily carried out by dispersing and mixing ultrafine water with little gas at the combustion burner part. Combustion is possible, and the present invention has been conceived by realizing that fuel consumption can be significantly reduced and carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced.

Problems to be solved by the inventor

  In the present invention, water such as city gas, LPG, or LNG is uniformly dispersed and mixed at a required volume ratio to obtain an emulsion fuel that can be given high combustibility and stable combustion, and can be burned. It is an object of the present invention to provide a combustion method and a combustion apparatus for emulsion fuel of gas and water, which can reduce the emission carbon dioxide gas and reduce the emission carbon dioxide.

Means for solving the problem

  The technical means adopted by the present invention in order to solve the above-mentioned problems are gas combustion such as boilers, gas baths, gas water heaters or stoves that use city gas as well as gases such as LPG and LNG as combustion sources. At the front part of the gas burner of the apparatus, the required volume of water was maintained at a high electric field of 4000 to 12000 V with the required pressure from the atomized water forming tool in which many fine spray nozzles were formed. In the high electric field compartment, the droplet diameter is sprayed as atomized water having a particle size of 20 μm or less, and by the addition of the high electric field in the high electric field compartment, the particle diameter is 0.1 to 20 nm by Rayleigh splitting action. Venturi function and injector function are maintained for the ultra-fine water generated by the ultra-fine water generated by the ultra-fine water generated by the transfer pump. Shi The gases flowing through the burner combustion tube, is burned homogeneously brought mixed dispersed in the required proportion by volume lies in the combustion process of an emulsion fuel of gases and water.

  Furthermore, a pressurizing pump for pressurizing water to a required pressure, an atomized water forming device in which a number of fine spray nozzles for spraying water pressurized by the pressurizing pump onto the atomized water, and the atomized water The atomized water formed by the forming tool is applied with a high electric field with a voltage of 4000 to 12000 V to promote Rayleigh splitting, so that the particle size is substantially 0.1 to 20 nm. And an ultrasonic spray tool provided with an ultrasonic vibrator inside a water tank of an appropriate volume, in order to make the water into atomized water, The atomized water formed by the spraying tool is applied with a high electric field with a voltage of 4000 to 12000 V to promote Rayleigh splitting, so that the particle size is substantially 0.1 to 20 nm. To generate The ultrafine water generation unit is configured by the high electric field addition section of the required volume, and in order to disperse and mix the ultrafine water evenly with the gas, a burner combustion pipe for burning the gas is provided with the gas supply unit and The diameter of the gas delivery part is the same, and the diameter of the supply part is suddenly reduced to form a throat part. From the throat part, the delivery part is gently opened to finely feed the throat part. It exists in the structure of the combustion apparatus which forms a hole and mixes and disperse | distributes very fine granulated water from this fine feed hole.

  Further, the gas flow in the burner combustion pipe is sprayed at high speed by constricting the outlet from the supply port, and an open spray promoting hood having an intake gap in the vicinity of the outlet is formed. It exists in the structure of the combustion apparatus which mixes and disperses more atomized water more and burns.

Effect of the invention

  The present invention has the above-described configuration, and is a atomized water forming tool in which a large number of fine spray nozzles are formed at the front portion of a gas burner such as a boiler or a gas combustion device, and the inside thereof. Is sprayed with atomized water having a droplet diameter of 20 μm or less into a high electric field section maintained at a high voltage of 4000 to 12000 V, the particle diameter of the atomized water is reduced by the Rayleigh action due to the high electric field. It is produced as ultrafine water of 0.1 to 20 nm, and the specific gravity difference is close to the particle size difference as well as the city gas or LPG or LNG to be dispersed and mixed, so the mutual mixing and mixing properties are extremely good. .

In addition, in the present invention, the particle size of the ultra-fine water to be dispersed and mixed is as extremely small as about 0.1 to 20 nm, and during combustion, the micro-explosion action is instantly exhibited and high combustion with gas combustion In addition to maintaining the property, the stable combustion is also maintained without the removal of the heat of vaporization. Therefore, the ultra-fine water can be up to about 50 to 55% by volume with respect to the gas, so that the fuel consumption is remarkable. In addition to reduction, the carbon dioxide emission is reduced by about 50%.
A characteristic feature of the present invention is that, in order to achieve homogeneous dispersion and mixing of gases, enormous amounts are inevitably generated when ultrafine water having a particle size of 0.1 to 20 nm is used. The use of the atomized water forming tool in which a large number of fine spray nozzles are formed after pressurizing water can cope with the selection of the pressure and the number of fine spray nozzles.

  A water spraying device in which a large number of fine spray nozzles are formed using water pressurized by a pressure pump, and the required particle size is 10 μm or less, and a high voltage of about 10,000 V is applied. It is sprayed in a volumetric high-electric field regulation section to form ultra-fine water with a particle size of 20 nm by Rayleigh action, and a throat portion is provided in the center of a gas combustion burner. A micronized water supply hole with a fine pore is provided on the peripheral surface of the burner tube wall, and an ultrafine water storage part having a required volume is provided so as to cover the throat part. The ultrafine water in the part is mixed and dispersed in the gas from the feed hole in the throat part and burned.

In the following, the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the diagram of the combustion apparatus. FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the combustion method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the atomized water generating apparatus.
In FIG. 2A, the water 1 is pressurized to a pressure corresponding to the required spray pressure by the pressurizing pump 1A, and then through the atomized water forming tool 1C in which a large number of fine spray nozzles 1B are formed. The atomized water 2 having a particle diameter of the maximum of 20 μm or less, desirably 6 to 10 μm is generated by spraying.
In such a case, the particle size of the atomized water 2 sprayed and generated is specifically determined by the spray pressure, the spray nozzle diameter, the viscosity of the spray material, and the like.

Thus, the atomized water 2 spray-formed to a required particle size is divided into a larger number of particles and an extremely fine particle size by applying a high voltage, preferably a high voltage of 4000 to 112000 V. With so-called Rayleigh splitting action, the city gas or LPG or LNG gas 4 as a combustion source, and the extremely fine water 2A that approximates the apparent specific gravity as well as the particle size, thereby improving the mutual splitting and mixing properties. From the eggplant, it is transferred into the high electric field section 3 of the required volume.
In such a case, the high voltage applied to the high electric field section 3 varies depending on the spray amount of the atomized water 2 to be sprayed, the particle size thereof, the volume of the high electric field section 3 to which high pressure is applied, the addition time, etc. In general, in the production of ultrafine water 2A having a particle diameter of 0.1 to 20 nm suitable for being dispersed and mixed with gases 4, a standard value is about 4000 V to a maximum of about 12000 V.

  In addition to using the atomized water forming tool 1C having a large number of the fine spray nozzles 1B described above, the means by the ultrasonic spray 10 can be used to generate the extremely fine water 2A. 2B, an ultrasonic transducer 11A is arranged at the bottom of a water tank 11 capable of storing a required volume of water 1 as shown in FIG. When the ultrasonic vibration becomes strong due to the addition of the sonic vibration, the sound pressure is increased and the sound pressure is concentrated with the fingering property when the frequency is high. This pushes up the water 1 and generates a liquid column. On the other hand, a surface wave is generated on the surface of the water 1, and an interference wave is generated on the surface with the periphery of the liquid column as a boundary of reflection. The energy of collision and tearing of the liquid on the surface overcomes the surface tension of the water 1 to make the water 1 into fine particles and scatter in the air, thereby forming the atomized water 12.

The atomized water 12 formed in this way is applied with a high voltage by a transfer fan 13 in a required volume, and thereby a high electric field section 3 for imparting a Rayleigh splitting action to a very large number and extremely fine particles. It is made to transfer in and the very atomized water 22 is produced | generated.
In this way, city gas can be homogeneously dispersed and mixed with gases 4 such as LPG and LNG at the beginning, and it effectively exerts a micro-explosion effect upon combustion, and also prevents desorption of heat of vaporization, high combustibility and Ultrafine water 2A or 22 for generating stable combustion is generated.

As described above, the technical feature of the present invention is that, in boilers and household combustion appliances that use city gas and other gases 4 such as LPG and LNG as combustion sources, from the standpoint of practical use as well as prevention of resource depletion of the combustion sources. In order to realize a significant reduction in fuel consumption and a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, the present invention is to provide an emulsion fuel of gases 4 and water 1, and provide a combustion method and combustion apparatus thereof.
In the present invention, the water 1 is preferably dispersed and mixed evenly to 50% by volume with respect to the gases 4, and further, ultrafine water for forming the emulsion fuel 6 that enables high combustibility and stable combustion. Formation of 2A or 22 was established.

Thus, in order to achieve high combustibility and stable combustion by uniformly dispersing and mixing such micronized water 2A or 22 with the gases 4, city gas, LPG, LNG, or the like as a combustion source in the combustion burner section 5 is used. It is required that these gases 4 be uniformly dispersed and mixed and then burned.
By the way, in the combustion of the gases 4, especially in household combustion equipment, special consideration is given to the safety, particularly the ignition device, because it is used in a small living space and as shown in FIG. To generate proper heat energy to ignite the main burner reliably, to be installed at an appropriate position for transferring to the main burner, or to provide stable combustion performance, etc. Various means are applied.

Gases 4 are usually handled at a low transfer pressure of about ² to 3 kg / cm ^2, so that the pressures used for supplying and transferring such gases 4 and combustion are All means for uniformly dispersing and mixing the ultrafine water 2A or 22 is required.
As a means for solving such a problem, a method using a venturi type burner 50 shown in FIG. 4 is proposed. The venturi type burner 50 has a burner tube body 50A having a large diameter on its supply side 51A and its central portion, that is, a throat. The portion 51B is narrowed and the delivery portion 51C is gently enlarged in diameter, and on the outer peripheral surface of the throat portion 51B, the finely atomized water 2A or 22 is transferred to the gases 4 to be transferred. A large number of fine pores 52 that are fed from the fine pores 52 and dispersed and mixed are perforated.
That is, in the venturi-type burner 50, when the gas 4 is transferred from the supply side 51A to the supply side 51C having a larger diameter than the throat portion 51B with a required pressure, the throat portion A large suction force acts on 51B, and the extremely fine water 2A is dispersed and mixed in the gases 4. In such a case, since it is necessary to always supply the ultrafine water 2A or 22 to the fine pores 52, the ultrafine water storage portion 53 is formed so as to cover the fine pores 52. ing. Of course, in addition to the dispersion mixing by the suction force acting on the micropores 52, it is also possible to apply a separate pressure to the ultrafine water storage portion 53 and forcibly disperse and mix the gases 4 from the micropores 52. is there.

As another means, a method using an injector type burner 54 as shown in FIG. 5 is also proposed. That is, in FIG. 5, the gases 4 supplied and transferred from the supply side main pipe 54 </ b> A are speeded up and mixed with the mixing unit 54 </ b> B from the gate 54 </ b> C narrowed in the mixing unit 54 </ b> B, and the diameter is enlarged. Combustion is performed through the dispersed portion 54D, and in this case, the auxiliary portion 54E connected to the mixing portion 54B is subjected to a pulling force to the mixing portion 52B.
Therefore, by supplying the auxiliary part 54E with the very fine water 2A or 22, the suction to the gases 4 and the dispersion and mixing are achieved. In such a case, the mixing ratio of the ultrafine water 2A or 22 to the gases 4 is adjusted by an adjustment valve 54F attached to the auxiliary portion 54E.

  In the present invention, the means for dispersing and mixing the very fine water 2A or 22 into the gas 4 in the burner combustion section 5 is not limited to such a Venturi type or injector type, and the fine water 2A or 22 is sufficient. A method of feeding from the fine pores 52 formed in large numbers on the peripheral surface of the boiler tube after pressurization can also be adopted.

  Of course, in the present invention, it is convenient to use the combustion apparatus as described above. However, in the combustion method, the combustion apparatus is not limited to these combustion apparatuses. As shown in FIG. As a combustion method that produces emulsion fuel 7 and thus burns, thus achieving high flammability and stable combustion, as well as significant reduction in fuel consumption and reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, boilers and household use In the front part of a gas burner using a gas 4 such as a combustion device as a combustion source, water 1 is pressurized and a fine water spray nozzle formed with a number of fine spray nozzles, or water 1 is used with an ultrasonic vibrator. The atomized water 2 or 12 having a droplet diameter of 20 μm or less is formed by ultrasonic spraying, and the atomized water 2 or 12 is held at a high voltage of 4000 V to 12,000 V. Promotes the Rayleigh fission at high voltage compartments, the particle size I than to produce a very fine Kamizu 2A or 22A of 0.1 to 10 nm.

  The ultrafine water 2A or 22A thus formed is fed and dispersed and mixed in the burner combustion section 5 from the fine pores in which the burner tube 50A is formed in a venturi type and is perforated on the outer peripheral surface of the throat portion at the central portion. Alternatively, the burner tube 50A is formed in an injector type, and the gas whose speed of the mixing unit is made faster than the narrowed gate from the supply-side main tube is circulated to the disperse unit that is opposed to the mixing unit. The present invention resides in a combustion method in which the auxiliary parts connected together are dispersed and mixed and burned.

  By arranging it in the front of the burner combustion part of boilers and household combustion equipment that use city gas, LPG, or LNG as a combustion source, the fuel consumption is greatly reduced and exhaust is achieved along with high combustibility and stable combustion. Gas can be reduced.

  It is a flowchart of this invention combustion method.   It is explanatory drawing of the atomized water production | generation apparatus.   It is a flowchart of the ignition device of a gas combustion apparatus.   It is explanatory drawing of a venturi type burner.   It is explanatory drawing of an injector type burner.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water 1A Pressure pump 1B Fine spray nozzle 1C Atomization water formation tool 2 Atomization water 2A Extreme atomization water 3 High electric field division 4 Gases 5 Burner combustion part 6 Emulsion fuel 10 Ultrasonic spray 11 Water storage tank 11A Ultrasonic vibration Child 22 Ultrafine atomized water 50 by ultrasonic spray Venturi type burner 50A Burner tube 51A Supply side 51B Throat part 51C Delivery side 52 Fine pore 53 Extremely fine water storage part 54 Injector type burner 54A Supply side main pipe 54B Mixing part 54C Gate 54D Dispersion part 54E Auxiliary part 54F Adjustment valve

Claims (4)

  The atomized water sprayed from the atomized water forming tool formed by a large number of fine spray nozzles after pressurizing water is subjected to Rayleigh splitting in a high electric field section to which a high voltage of 4000 to 12000 V is applied. It is promoted to become ultrafine water with a particle size of 0.1 to 20 nm, and from the appropriate position of the burner combustion section where the gas composed of city gas, LPG or LNG is transferred and burned, A method for combusting an emulsion fuel of gas and water, characterized in that atomized water is dispersed and mixed at a required volume ratio to form an emulsion fuel and combusted.   The method for combusting an emulsion fuel of a gas and water according to claim 1, wherein the atomized water is formed by ultrasonically spraying water with an ultrasonic vibrator.   Water is pressurized by a pressure pump, and the voltage is set to 4000 to 12000 V in the atomized water former formed by a large number of fine spray nozzles and the atomized water formed by the atomized water former. A voltage is applied to promote Rayleigh splitting, and a high electric field section for generating ultrafine water having a particle size of 0.1 to 20 nm and a burner tube of a burner combustion section are formed in a venturi type, and this throat Combustion apparatus for emulsion fuel of gas and water, wherein ultrafine water is supplied from fine pores formed in the part and dispersed and mixed with the gas.   The emulsion fuel of gas and water according to claim 3, wherein the burner tube of the burner combustion part is formed in an injector type, and is composed of super fine water supplied from the auxiliary part and dispersed and mixed with the gas. Combustion equipment.

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