CN113983458A - Air/alcohol torch igniter based on bubble atomizing nozzle - Google Patents
Air/alcohol torch igniter based on bubble atomizing nozzle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113983458A CN113983458A CN202111414313.8A CN202111414313A CN113983458A CN 113983458 A CN113983458 A CN 113983458A CN 202111414313 A CN202111414313 A CN 202111414313A CN 113983458 A CN113983458 A CN 113983458A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
- F23D11/38—Nozzles; Cleaning devices therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
- F23D11/40—Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
- F23Q3/00—Igniters using electrically-produced sparks
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an air/alcohol torch igniter based on a bubble atomizing nozzle, which relates to the technical field of igniters and adopts the technical scheme that: the high-temperature gas-liquid mixed burner comprises a bubble atomizing nozzle consisting of a nozzle base, an atomizing gas inlet, a gas guide pipe, a liquid fuel inlet and a gas-liquid mixing chamber, an injector consisting of a main air inlet of an igniter, a central hole, an injection panel and a plurality of main air injection small holes, a combustion chamber, a first connecting flange, a second connecting flange, a third connecting flange, a spark plug mounting hole and a high-temperature gas guide pipe. The torch igniter is characterized in that air with extremely low flow is injected into a gas guide pipe in the center of the nozzle to be mixed with liquid in the nozzle, and when the gas-liquid mixture is sprayed out of the nozzle, fully atomized liquid fuel droplets are formed, so that the difficulty of direct ignition of fuel and air is reduced, and the stability of torch ignition is effectively improved; meanwhile, the inner nozzle and the combustion chamber are of detachable structures, so that the use, operation and maintenance are convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of igniters, in particular to an air/alcohol torch igniter based on a bubble atomizing nozzle.
Background
The combustion type air heater heats air by burning fuel and oxidant in a combustion chamber of the heater, and generates high-temperature airflow with certain total temperature, total pressure and flow speed requirements at an outlet. The combustion type air heater needs to provide enough ignition energy for the combustion type air heater by means of an external ignition device to ignite combustible mixture in a combustion chamber, so that the normal starting of the combustion type air heater is ensured, and therefore, a reliable ignition device is one of key components of the combustion type air heater. The ignition device applied to the combustion type air heater mainly comprises a gunpowder igniter, a spark plug direct ignition device, a torch igniter and the like. The torch igniter is a small combustion device, which is composed of a spark plug ignition system, an oxidant and fuel supply system, a combustion chamber, a gas conduit and other parts, and the working principle is as follows: a small amount of fuel and oxidant are delivered to a combustion chamber of a torch igniter to be mixed, then the mixture is ignited by a spark plug, the generated high-temperature gas flow is delivered to an ignition area of the combustion chamber of the combustion type air heater through a gas conduit, and then a main propellant of the heater is ignited. The torch igniter as an indirect ignition device generally has the advantages of strong ignition energy, high reliability, reusability and convenient maintenance, can be used for a combustion type air heater, and can be used as an ignition starting device of the heater.
The combustion organization of torch igniters is mainly based on two modes of gas/gas and gas/liquid, from the aspects of the oxidant and fuel involved in combustion, the former being oxygen/hydrogen, oxygen/methane, etc., and the latter being oxygen/kerosene, oxygen/alcohol, air/kerosene, and air/isobutane and air/alcohol, etc. For a combustion type air heater without oxygen participating in combustion of a main combustion chamber, when oxygen is used as a working medium of a torch igniter, a system needs to be additionally provided with an air source storage and pipeline supply device, so that great danger and inconvenience exist in storage and use, and certain potential safety hazards are brought. For the combustion type air heater adopting air and liquid fuel, the torch igniter and the main combustion chamber can adopt the same working medium without additionally adding an oxidant and a fuel supply device, so that the whole combustion heater system is simpler, and meanwhile, the combustion type air heater has the characteristics of simple operation, convenient use and small danger because flammable and explosive high-pressure gas such as hydrogen, methane, oxygen and the like is not involved in the use process. However, since the torch igniter adopts a gas/liquid combustion mode, a liquid fuel atomization device is required to ensure that the liquid fuel can be quickly atomized and evaporated and is fully mixed with the oxidant. Because the bubble atomizing nozzle has the advantages of low energy consumption, high atomizing performance and the like, the atomizing nozzle can adapt to the atomizing requirements of different fuels, can be used in a torch igniter, promotes the atomization and the evaporation of liquid fuel, realizes the rapid mixing and the combustion, ensures the stable combustion of the torch igniter, and ensures the effective starting of a combustion type air heater.
Currently, there exists in the art an air/alcohol torch igniter that employs a side-entry, stationary bubble atomizing nozzle as the liquid fuel atomizing means. However, the liquid fuel atomization effect of the torch igniter in the prior art is poor, and the starting performance of the torch igniter under the condition of low equivalence ratio is insufficient; meanwhile, the torch igniter is inconvenient to replace, use, operate and maintain.
Accordingly, the present invention is directed to an air/alcohol torch igniter based on a bubble atomizing nozzle designed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of igniters of combustion type air heaters in the prior art, and provides an air/alcohol torch igniter based on a bubble atomization nozzle, wherein the torch igniter is designed and provided, a gas conduit at the center of the nozzle is injected with air with a minimum flow rate to be mixed with liquid in the nozzle, and when the gas-liquid mixture is sprayed out of the nozzle, fully atomized liquid fuel droplets are formed, so that the difficulty of direct ignition of fuel and air is reduced, and the stability of torch ignition is effectively improved; meanwhile, the inner nozzle and the combustion chamber are of detachable structures, so that the use, operation and maintenance are convenient.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an air/alcohol torch igniter based on a bubble atomizing nozzle comprises the bubble atomizing nozzle, an injector and a combustion chamber, wherein the bubble atomizing nozzle comprises a nozzle base, an atomizing gas inlet, a gas guide pipe, a liquid fuel inlet and a gas-liquid mixing chamber, the atomizing gas inlet is arranged at the central position of the top end of the nozzle base, the gas guide pipe is in threaded connection with the nozzle base along the center of the nozzle base along the axial direction, the liquid fuel inlet is arranged on the side surface of the nozzle base, and the gas-liquid mixing chamber is in threaded connection with the nozzle base;
a main air inlet of an igniter is arranged on the side of the injector, a central hole is formed in the center of the interior of the injector, one end of the bubble atomizing nozzle is inserted into the central hole and is in threaded connection with the injector, and an injection panel is arranged at one end of the injector, which is close to a combustion chamber; a plurality of main air injection small holes which are positioned around the central hole and are uniformly formed along the circumferential direction of the injection panel are formed in the injector, and the main air injection small holes are communicated with a main air inlet of the igniter; one end of the injector close to the combustion chamber is provided with a first connecting flange;
the two ends of the combustion chamber are respectively provided with a second connecting flange and a third connecting flange, the side part of the combustion chamber is provided with a spark plug mounting hole close to the second connecting flange, the tail part of the combustion chamber is provided with a high-temperature air duct, and the injector is connected with the combustion chamber through the first connecting flange and the second connecting flange.
By adopting the technical scheme, the air participating in atomization enters from the atomization gas inlet, flows out from the outlet of the gas conduit, is mixed with the liquid fuel entering from the liquid fuel inlet in the gas-liquid mixing chamber, and is sprayed into the combustion chamber of the torch igniter through the outlet of the bubble atomization nozzle; the main path air enters a combustion chamber of the torch igniter through a main path air inlet and main air injection small holes around the injector in sequence, is mixed with atomized liquid fuel, starts to combust under the action of an electric spark plug arranged in a spark plug mounting hole to form high-temperature gas, and the formed high-temperature gas is sprayed out through a high-temperature gas guide tube.
The torch igniter of the scheme can adapt to various liquid fuels, has low requirement on ignition time sequence, can reliably ignite and burn in a wide oil-gas ratio range, has simple structure, convenient component replacement, convenient use, operation and adjustment, high stability and strong reliability, and is convenient for engineering application in a combustion heater.
The invention is further configured to: the combustion chamber is of a cylindrical structure.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the combustion chamber is the cylindrical structure, is convenient for ensure the stable burning of torch point firearm, guarantees combustion type air heater's effective start-up.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, be convenient for ensure the atomizing effect of working medium liquid fuel and the mixture of fuel and air in the combustion chamber to make this torch point firearm satisfy required working property.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts the bubble atomizing nozzle as the atomizing device of the liquid fuel, can adapt to various liquid fuels, and has good liquid fuel atomizing effect; meanwhile, the torch igniter has lower requirement on ignition time sequence and can reliably ignite and burn in a wider oil-gas ratio range.
2. The torch igniter is of a detachable structure, is convenient to replace parts, use, operate and maintain, high in stability and reliability and convenient to apply in a combustion type air heater in an engineering mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a torch igniter commissioning curve according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a torch igniter test scenario in an embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: 1. a bubble atomizing nozzle; 2. a nozzle base; 3. an atomizing gas inlet; 4. a gas conduit; 5. a liquid fuel inlet; 6. a gas-liquid mixing chamber; 7. an injector; 8. an igniter primary air inlet; 9. a primary air injection orifice; 10. a first connecting flange; 11. a combustion chamber; 12. a second connecting flange; 13. a spark plug mounting hole; 14. a third connecting flange; 15. a high temperature gas-guide tube; 16. spraying a board surface; 17. a central bore.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-3.
Example (b): the utility model provides an air/alcohol torch point firearm based on bubble atomizing nozzle 1, as shown in figure 1, including bubble atomizing nozzle 1, injector 7 and combustion chamber 11, bubble atomizing nozzle 1 includes nozzle base 2, atomizing gas entry 3, gas conduit 4, liquid fuel entry 5 and gas-liquid mixing chamber 6, the head of bubble atomizing nozzle 1 is nozzle base 2, atomizing gas entry 3 sets up in the central point department at the top of nozzle base 2, gas conduit 4 follows the center of nozzle base 2 along axis direction with nozzle base 2 threaded connection, liquid fuel entry 5 sets up in the side of nozzle base 2, gas-liquid mixing chamber 6 passes through threaded connection with nozzle base 2.
An igniter main air inlet 8 is arranged on the side of the injector 7, a central hole 17 is formed in the center of the injector 7, one end of the bubble atomizing nozzle 1 is inserted into the central hole 17 and is in threaded connection with the injector 7, and an injection plate surface 16 is arranged at one end, close to the combustion chamber 11, of the injector 7. The injector 7 is internally provided with a plurality of main air injection small holes 9 which are positioned around the central hole 17 and are uniformly opened along the circumferential direction of the injection panel, and the plurality of main air injection small holes 9 are communicated with the igniter main air inlet 8. The end of the injector 7 close to the combustion chamber 11 is fixed with a connecting flange I10.
A second connecting flange 12 and a third connecting flange 14 are respectively fixed at two ends of the combustion chamber 11, a spark plug mounting hole 13 close to the second connecting flange 12 is formed in the side portion of the combustion chamber 11, the spark plug is mounted in the spark plug mounting hole 13, a high-temperature air duct 15 is connected to the tail portion of the combustion chamber 11, and the injector 7 is connected with the combustion chamber 11 through a first connecting flange 10 and a second connecting flange 12.
In this embodiment, air participating in atomization enters through the atomizing gas inlet 3, flows out through the outlet of the gas conduit 4, is then mixed with the liquid fuel entering through the liquid fuel inlet 5 in the gas-liquid mixing chamber 6, and is then ejected through the outlet of the bubble atomizing nozzle 1 into the combustion chamber 11 of the torch igniter. The main path air enters a combustion chamber 11 of the torch igniter through a main path air inlet and main air injection small holes 9 around the injector 7 in sequence, is mixed with atomized liquid fuel, starts to burn under the action of an electric spark plug arranged in an electric spark plug mounting hole 13 to form high-temperature gas, and the formed high-temperature gas is sprayed out through a high-temperature gas guide pipe 15.
The torch igniter of the scheme can adapt to various liquid fuels, has low requirement on ignition time sequence, can reliably ignite and burn in a wide oil-gas ratio range, has simple structure, convenient component replacement, convenient use, operation and adjustment, high stability and strong reliability, and is convenient for engineering application in a combustion heater.
The combustion chamber 11 is of cylindrical configuration.
In the present embodiment, the combustion chamber 11 has a cylindrical structure, which is convenient for ensuring stable combustion of the torch igniter and effective start-up of the combustion type air heater.
The pressure of the combustion chamber 11 is 4-7 MPa.
In the embodiment of the invention, the air flow of the main path is limited by the orifice plate of the upstream pipeline of the torch head, and the pressure design range of the torch combustion chamber 11 is 4-7 MPa in consideration of different ignition requirements of the heater; when the equivalence ratio is constant, the combustor 11 pressure can be changed by changing the conduit size.
In the test, air and liquid fuel were used as the working medium, and the air and liquid flow rates were determined by a venturi and a cavitation pipe, respectively. The method of calculating the liquid fuel flow rate is shown in the following formula (1):
the air flow rate is calculated as shown in the following equation (2):
wherein:
-fuel flow, kg/s;
-air flow rate, kg/s; a. thef-inner nozzle flow area; a. thea-air inlet flow area; Δ P-inner nozzle pressure drop; p-air inlet pressure; the specific heat ratio of gamma to air is 1.4; m is the Mach number of air, and 1 is taken; r-air gas constant, 287; t-air temperature, 300K is taken; cd-inner nozzle flow coefficient, take 0.9; rho-alcohol density, 789kg/m3。
The torch igniter of the present invention has a wide operating range, i.e., the injection pressure, flow rate and equivalence ratio of alcohol and air can be selected over a wide range, wherein flow control is achieved by an orifice plate and the torch combustion chamber 11 pressure can be adjusted by the throat area. Experiments have shown that the torch can be operated reliably in the equivalence ratio range between 0.5 and 2.5. Wherein, the total temperature is checked by using Chemkin software. As shown in fig. 2, which shows the test pressure curve under condition 1.
The working principle is as follows: during the working process of the torch igniter, the atomized air enters from the atomized gas inlet 3 conveniently through the atomized gas inlet 3 and flows out through the outlet of the gas conduit 4, then the air and the liquid fuel entering through the liquid fuel inlet 5 are mixed in the gas-liquid mixing chamber 6, and the mixed atomized liquid fuel is sprayed into the combustion chamber 11 of the torch igniter through the outlet of the bubble atomizing nozzle 1; then, main path air enters a combustion chamber 11 of the torch igniter through a main path air inlet and main air injection small holes 9 around the injector 7 in sequence, is mixed with atomized liquid fuel and starts to combust under the action of an electric spark plug arranged in an electric spark plug mounting hole 13 to form high-temperature gas, and the formed high-temperature gas is ejected through a high-temperature gas guide pipe 15; this torch point firearm is detachable construction, can adapt to multiple liquid fuel, and it is lower to the ignition time sequence requirement, can reliably ignite the burning at the oil-gas ratio within range of broad, whole torch ignition simple structure, it is convenient that the part is changed, use operation, regulation are convenient, and stability is high, and the good reliability is convenient for carry out the engineering in the burning heater and is used.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. An air/alcohol torch igniter based on a bubble atomizing nozzle (1), which is characterized in that: the device comprises a bubble atomizing nozzle (1), an injector (7) and a combustion chamber (11), wherein the bubble atomizing nozzle (1) comprises a nozzle base (2), an atomizing gas inlet (3), a gas guide pipe (4), a liquid fuel inlet (5) and a gas-liquid mixing chamber (6), the atomizing gas inlet (3) is arranged at the central position of the top end of the nozzle base (2), the gas guide pipe (4) is in threaded connection with the nozzle base (2) along the axis direction along the center of the nozzle base (2), the liquid fuel inlet (5) is arranged on the side surface of the nozzle base (2), and the gas-liquid mixing chamber (6) is in threaded connection with the nozzle base (2);
an igniter main air inlet (8) is formed in the side of the injector (7), a central hole (17) is formed in the center of the interior of the injector (7), one end of the bubble atomizing nozzle (1) is inserted into the central hole (17) and is in threaded connection with the injector (7), and an injection panel (16) is arranged at one end, close to the combustion chamber (11), of the injector (7); a plurality of main air injection small holes (9) which are positioned around the central hole (17) and are uniformly formed along the circumferential direction of the injection panel are formed in the injector (7), and the main air injection small holes (9) are communicated with a main air inlet (8) of the igniter; one end of the injector (7) close to the combustion chamber (11) is provided with a first connecting flange (10);
the two ends of the combustion chamber (11) are respectively provided with a second connecting flange (12) and a third connecting flange (14), the side portion of the combustion chamber (11) is provided with a spark plug mounting hole (13) close to the second connecting flange (12), the tail portion of the combustion chamber (11) is provided with a high-temperature air guide pipe (15), and the injector (7) is connected with the combustion chamber (11) through the first connecting flange (10) and the second connecting flange (12).
2. An air/alcohol torch igniter based on a bubble atomizing nozzle (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that: the combustion chamber (11) is of a cylindrical structure.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2021110478772 | 2021-09-08 | ||
| CN202111047877 | 2021-09-08 |
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| CN113983458A true CN113983458A (en) | 2022-01-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202111414313.8A Pending CN113983458A (en) | 2021-09-08 | 2021-11-25 | Air/alcohol torch igniter based on bubble atomizing nozzle |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115111602A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-27 | 山西华泰昌顺环保科技有限公司 | Igniter and method of using same |
| CN115289675A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-11-04 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Annular combustion type air heater |
| CN115823744A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-03-21 | 中国矿业大学 | Plasma-excited wide-temperature-range combustion type air heating device and method |
| CN115823581A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-03-21 | 江苏大学 | Injector of torch igniter |
| CN115949531A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-04-11 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Injector with wide range and continuous adjustment |
| CN116182192A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-05-30 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Air film cooling ignition ring for combustion heating equipment |
| CN118168753B (en) * | 2024-05-14 | 2024-07-12 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Ignition starting device and ignition starting method for high-temperature wind tunnel combustion heater |
-
2021
- 2021-11-25 CN CN202111414313.8A patent/CN113983458A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115111602A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-27 | 山西华泰昌顺环保科技有限公司 | Igniter and method of using same |
| CN115111602B (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2024-03-19 | 山西华泰昌顺环保科技有限公司 | Igniter and method of use thereof |
| CN115289675A (en) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-11-04 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Annular combustion type air heater |
| CN115823581A (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-03-21 | 江苏大学 | Injector of torch igniter |
| CN115823581B (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-09-22 | 江苏大学 | Injector of torch igniter |
| CN115823744A (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-03-21 | 中国矿业大学 | Plasma-excited wide-temperature-range combustion type air heating device and method |
| CN115823744B (en) * | 2023-02-23 | 2023-04-18 | 中国矿业大学 | Plasma-excited wide-temperature-range combustion type air heating device and method |
| CN115949531A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-04-11 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Injector with wide range and continuous adjustment |
| CN116182192A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-05-30 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Air film cooling ignition ring for combustion heating equipment |
| CN116182192B (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2024-04-19 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心空天技术研究所 | Air film cooling ignition ring for combustion heating equipment |
| CN118168753B (en) * | 2024-05-14 | 2024-07-12 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Ignition starting device and ignition starting method for high-temperature wind tunnel combustion heater |
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