JP2012163329A - 小型ガス液化装置 - Google Patents
小型ガス液化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012163329A JP2012163329A JP2012107646A JP2012107646A JP2012163329A JP 2012163329 A JP2012163329 A JP 2012163329A JP 2012107646 A JP2012107646 A JP 2012107646A JP 2012107646 A JP2012107646 A JP 2012107646A JP 2012163329 A JP2012163329 A JP 2012163329A
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
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- F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
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Abstract
【解決手段】極低温ガスは、デュワー116内のガス供給システム103の低温端と蒸発器125とが熱的に結合した冷却システム101を用いて液化される。冷却器の蒸発器125における最低温度は、大気圧下でのガスの沸点よりも高いが、高圧下でのガスの沸点よりも低い。そのため、ガスは圧縮機128で高圧に圧縮され、蒸発器125によって冷却されて凝縮する。ガスは流量制限器148で膨張した時に、一部は気化して留分を大気圧下でのガスの沸点に冷却し、液化ガスを製造する。温かいガスが、除霜のため、パージ弁142の開放のよって熱交換器部分146を通過して上方へと送られ、3方向弁138を通して放出される。詰まりを低減するため、ガス供給弁138はガス純度センサ158によって制御される。
【選択図】図1A
Description
Claims (18)
- ガスの液化のための装置であって、
ガスが液化され捕集される断熱領域と、
前記断熱領域の外部にある第1部分と、前記断熱領域の内部にある第2部分とを備え、前記第1部分は精製ガス流を前記第2部分のガス供給管に供給するガス供給システムと、
前記断熱領域の外部にある温部分と、前記断熱領域の内部にある冷部分とを備え、前記冷部分は前記精製ガス流を冷却するために前記ガス供給システムの前記第2部分に熱的に結合している極低温冷却器と、
前記断熱領域の内部にある入力端と、前記断熱領域の外部にある出力端とを備える取り出し管とを含み、
前記ガス供給システムの前記第1部分は、前記精製ガス流を大気圧以上の高圧にするべく前記ガスを圧縮するための圧縮機を含み、
前記極低温冷却器の前記冷部分は、大気圧下での前記ガスの沸点より高くかつ前記高圧下での前記ガスの沸点より低いの最低温度を有し、
前記ガス供給システムの前記第2部分は、前記圧力が前記高圧から大気圧へと低下し、前記精製ガス流の一部が蒸発して前記精製ガス流の留分を大気圧下でのガスの沸点に冷却する流量制限器を含むことを特徴とする装置。 - 前記極低温冷却器は、パルスチューブ極低温冷却器であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載に装置。
- 前記極低温冷却器は、クリメンコサイクル極低温冷却器であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載に装置。
- 前記極低温冷却器の前記冷部分は、第1熱交換器と第2熱交換器とを備えた対向流式熱交換器を含み、
前記ガス供給システムの前記第2部分は、前記対向流式熱交換器に熱的に結合している熱交換器部分分を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記ガス供給システムの前記第2部分は、前記ガス供給管の低温端に接続した温パージ管を含み、
前記ガス供給システムの前記第1部分は、前記温パージ管に入る温ガスの流れを制御するパージ弁と、前記温ガスが前記ガス供給管を上方へと通過して流れ、排気されることを許可する3方向弁とを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記ガス供給システムの前記第1部分は、圧縮スイング吸着器と、膜分離器と、前記膜分離器に接続した湿度計と、前記湿度計によって検出されたガス純度の程度に応じて前記ガス供給システムの前記第2部分へのガス流れを制御するために前記湿度計に接続した弁とを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記ガス供給システムの前記第1部分は、圧縮ガスが前記断熱領域に流れ込むことを許可する取り出し弁と、前記ガスが前記断熱領域に入る前に前記ガスの圧力を低下させる圧力調整器とを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記取り出し弁に接続したキーロックを更に含み、
前記キーロックは、ロックされているときに前記取り出し弁が開くことを防止し、ユーザーキーによってアンロックされているときに前記取り出し弁を開くようにすることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の装置。 - 前記取り出し弁に接続した近接センサを更に含み、
前記近接センサは、取り出しデュワーが検出されていない時に前記取り出し弁が開くことを防止し、取り出しデュワーが検出されている時に前記取り出し弁が開くようにすることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の装置。 - 液化ガスの製造方法であって、
精製ガスを製造するために、ガス供給システムの第1部分でガスを精製し、
凝縮ガスを製造するために、前記ガス供給システムの第2部分で前記精製ガスを冷却し、
断熱領域で前記凝縮ガスを捕集し、
前記凝縮ガスを前記断熱領域から取り出し管を通して取り出し、
前記ガスの冷却は、大気圧下での前記ガスの沸点より高く、かつ高圧下での前記ガスの沸点より低い最低温度を有する極低温冷却器を用いて前記ガスの温度を低下させることを含み、
更に、前記精製ガスが大気圧以上の圧力となるように前記ガスを圧縮し、
前記凝縮ガスの一部を蒸発させて前記凝縮ガスの留分を大気圧下での前記ガスの沸点に冷却するために前記凝縮ガスを大気圧まで膨張させることを特徴とする製造方法。 - 前記極低温冷却器は、パルスチューブ極低温冷却器であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の製造方法。
- 前記極低温冷却器は、クリメンコサイクル極低温冷却器であることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の製造方法。
- 前記極低温冷却器は、対向流式熱交換器であり、前記ガスを前記対向流式熱交換器に熱的に結合させることを含み前記ガスの温度を低下させることを特徴とする請求項10に記載の製造方法。
- 更に、
前記精製ガスが温パージ管を通過して流れることを許可するパージ弁を断続的に開放する過程と、
前記温ガスを前記温パージ管から上方へガス供給管の低温端を通して送る過程と、
前記温ガスを記ガス供給管から外部へと3方向弁を通して排気する過程とを含むことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の製造方法。 - 前記ガスの精製は、
前記ガスを圧縮スイング吸着器及び膜分離器に通過させる過程と、
前記膜分離器でのガス純度の程度を検出する過程と、
検出されたガス純度の程度に応じて前記精製ガスの流れを制御する過程とを含むことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の製造方法。 - 前記凝縮ガスの取り出しは、
ガスが断熱領域の内部へと流れることを許可する取り出し弁を開放する過程と、
前記ガスが前記断熱領域に入る前に前記ガスの圧力を低下させる過程とを含むことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の製造方法。 - 前記凝縮ガスの取り出しは、
取り出し可能とするためにユーザーキーを要求することを特徴とする請求項10に記載の製造方法。 - 前記凝縮ガスの取り出しは、
取り出しデュワーの近接を検出する過程と、
取り出しを可能とするために取り出しデュワーの存在の検出を要求する過程とを含むことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の製造方法。
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