JP2012105394A - Method and device for controlling contact force - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To propose a new technique for reducing abrasion of an electric overhead line.SOLUTION: A contact force measuring unit 20 for measuring a contact force F between a contact strip 13 and a trolley wire 14 is arranged on a pantograph 2. When the measured contact force F is a predetermined threshold Fth or smaller, a contact force control device 30 issues an instruction that causes an air spring controller 16 to implement control so that an air spring 12 increases the contact force F. A contact force value exceeding a contact force region in which the trolley wire 14 is most abraded on comparatively weak contact force conditions before the contact strip 13 and the trolley wire 14 lose contact with each other is set in the threshold Fth.

Description

  The present invention relates to a contact force control method for controlling a contact force by controlling a contact force fluctuation mechanism capable of changing a contact force of a current collector to a train track.

  The contact between the current collector represented by the pantograph and the train line (for example, the trolley wire in the case of the pantograph) is based on the viewpoint of stably collecting the current and the wear of the pantograph sliding plate and trolley wire. It is desirable to adjust appropriately.

  In this regard, for example, a technique for measuring a force (contact force) for bringing a pantograph into contact with a trolley wire (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2) and a current collector capable of varying the contact force have been proposed ( For example, see Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4.)

JP 2002-328063 A JP 2007-244091 A JP 2005-287209 A JP 2008-245490 A

  Since excessive contact force leads to wear of the train tracks, it is common to set the contact force low within a range where stable current collection is possible. However, since the contact force is low, an arc discharge occurs when the line is disconnected, and the train track is worn instead. Therefore, it has been considered that the contact force may be set and controlled with the contact force that does not cause separation as the lower limit.

However, this existing concept is qualitative, and it cannot be said that there is no condition that can increase wear other than arc discharge (condition for causing a wear phenomenon).
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to propose a new technique for reducing wear on a train track.

A first form for solving the above problems is a contact force variation mechanism (for example, an air spring 12 and an air spring in FIG. 3) that can change the contact force of the sliding plate of the current collector to the train track. A contact force control method for controlling the contact force by controlling a control device 16),
By detecting the contact force of the sliding plate to the train track (for example, step S2 in FIG. 6) and reducing the contact force, the potential difference between the train track and the sliding plate is 0.4. And determining whether or not a threshold condition that the contact force is equal to or less than the threshold value is satisfied (for example, step S4 in FIG. 6). ) And controlling the contact force variation mechanism to increase the contact force when it is determined that the threshold condition is satisfied (for example, step S8 in FIG. 6).

  Further, as another form, a contact force fluctuation mechanism (for example, the air spring 12 and the air spring control device 16 in FIG. 3) capable of changing the contact force of the current collector's sliding plate to the train track, and the slide A contact force detection unit (for example, contact force measurement unit 20 in FIG. 4) that detects the contact force of the plate to the train line, and the contact force is reduced, so that the potential difference between the train line and the sliding plate is reduced. , A determination unit (for example, for determining whether or not a threshold condition that the contact force is equal to or less than the threshold value satisfies the contact force that is a specified voltage defined within a range of 0.4 to 0.6 V) 3, the current collector control unit 120, and the determination unit 124) in FIG. 5, and the contact force variation mechanism to increase the contact force when it is determined that the threshold condition is satisfied. Control unit (for example, the connection shown in FIG. Force controller 30, the current collector controller 120 of FIG. 5, a contact force control unit 126), it is possible to construct a contact force control device equipped with.

  According to the first embodiment and the other embodiment, the contact force between the current collector and the train line is reduced, and it is possible to avoid the potential difference between the two becoming equal to or higher than the specified voltage. The specified voltage is determined as one voltage within a range of 0.4 to 0.6V. Although the details will be described later, the inventor of the present application has found that even if arc discharge does not occur, the wear of the train line increases when the potential difference between the sliding plate of the current collector and the train line exceeds this specified voltage. Therefore, by controlling the contact force so that the potential difference between the sliding plate of the current collector and the train line does not exceed a specified voltage, the wear on the train line can be effectively suppressed.

  Regarding the determination of the threshold condition of the contact force, as a second embodiment, the threshold condition is determined as a condition according to the current collected by the current collector, and the current collected by the current collector is detected (for example, Step S3a) of FIG. 15 further includes determining whether or not the threshold condition is satisfied is to determine whether or not the threshold condition is satisfied according to the detected current collection. One form of the contact force control method can be configured.

  According to the second embodiment, since the threshold condition can be determined according to the current collection current, it is possible to determine the threshold value of the contact force suitable for the current collection current.

  Further, as a third embodiment, when it is determined that the threshold condition is satisfied, a control for temporarily cutting off or reducing power supply from the current collector to the main circuit and / or the auxiliary circuit is further performed. You may comprise the contact force control method of the 1st or 2nd form containing.

  According to the third embodiment, it becomes possible to temporarily cut off or reduce the current required on the vehicle side, so that it is possible to effectively suppress wear on the train track.

The graph which shows the relationship between the contact surface pressure P in the wear test result, and the specific wear amount Wt of a trolley wire. The graph which shows the test result of the contact surface pressure P and the voltage drop Vc. The figure which shows the structural example of the current collector and contact force control apparatus of 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows the structural example around the boat body and boat support in 1st Embodiment. The functional block diagram which shows the function structural example in 1st Embodiment. The flowchart for demonstrating the flow of the process by the contact force control apparatus of 1st Embodiment. The figure which shows the structural example of the current collector and contact force control apparatus in 2nd Embodiment. The functional block diagram which shows the function structural example in 2nd Embodiment. A graph of the highest predicted temperature at a contact during wear testing. The graph which computed the predicted maximum temperature of the contact in each current from 50A to 300A. The graph which shows the relationship between an electric current and critical contact surface pressure. The flowchart for demonstrating the flow of the process by the contact force control apparatus in 2nd Embodiment. The figure which shows the structural example of the current collector and contact force control apparatus in 3rd Embodiment. The functional block diagram which shows the function structural example in 3rd Embodiment. The flowchart for demonstrating the flow of the process by the contact force control apparatus in 3rd Embodiment.

  In the following embodiments, a case where the present invention is applied to an aerial type train line using a pantograph as an example of a current collector and a trolley line as an example of a train line will be described. It is not limited. For example, the present invention can be applied to a third rail-type train track in which the current collector is a current collector shoe and the train track is a conductive rail.

[Description of Principle]
Conventionally, trolley wire wear has been considered to be mainly caused by arc discharge during separation. Therefore, it has been thought that wear can be suppressed by simply avoiding the separation line.
However, the inventor of the present application has found that there is a high wear region in which large wear occurs in a relatively weak contact force region before the contact force of the current collector becomes “0”.

  In this wear test, test pieces were created from trolley wires and sliding plates that were actually used, and the contact force was set by pressing the sliding plate test pieces against the trolley wire test pieces with a spring. The actuator was repeatedly rubbed. It is possible to change various contact force conditions by changing the amount of displacement of the spring, and the actual contact force was measured with a load cell. Here, the test results in the case of three energization currents of 0A, 80A, and 100A will be described.

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the contact surface pressure and the specific wear amount Wt of the trolley wire in the wear test result, and the graph line was derived from the test result plot. The wear rate of the trolley wire is calculated by measuring a plurality of surface profile differences before and after the test, and taking the average value as the wear area A and multiplying the measured surface profile length D to obtain the wear volume, which is the contact force. The specific wear amount Wt was obtained by dividing by F and the friction distance. The friction distance is calculated as ND when the sliding plate passes N times.
Wt = AD / (F · ND) = A / (FN) <Unit: mm ³ / Nm>

From the graph of FIG.
(1) In the case of non-energization, the specific wear amount Wt of the trolley wire does not depend on the contact surface pressure and falls within a substantially constant range R1.
(2) When 100 A is energized, the specific wear amount Wt does not depend on the contact surface pressure P and falls within the range R1 when the contact surface pressure exceeds 0.1 MPa, as in the case of no energization. However, as the contact surface pressure P decreased, the specific wear amount Wt increased rapidly in the vicinity of 0.1 MPa, and became one digit larger than when no current was applied. At the contact surface pressure of 0.06 MPa or less, the specific wear amount Wt decreased with the contact surface pressure P, and became equal to that at the time of no energization in the vicinity of 0.03 MPa. That is, the high wear region R2 can be recognized in the vicinity of 0.1 MPa.
(3) When 80 A is energized, the specific wear amount Wt does not depend on the contact surface pressure P and falls within the range R1 at a contact surface pressure of 0.1 MPa or more, as in the case of no energization. However, when the contact surface pressure P is decreased, the specific wear amount Wt increases rapidly in the vicinity of 0.08 MPa. However, the size was larger than that at the time of no energization but smaller than that at the time of energization of 100A. At the contact surface pressure of 0.06 MPa or less, the specific wear amount Wt decreased with the contact surface pressure P, and became equal to that at the time of no energization in the vicinity of 0.03 MPa.

  In addition to the wear test, the contact surface pressure conditions were set finely, and the potential difference between the trolley wire and the sliding plate, that is, the voltage drop was measured.

  FIG. 2 is a graph showing test results of the contact surface pressure P and the voltage drop Vc. As a result of the test, when the contact surface pressure P is 0.3 to 1 MPa, the voltage drop Vc increases as the contact surface pressure P decreases, and the voltage drop Vc is about 0.45 V around 0.3 MPa. It was. The voltage drop Vc was kept at about 0.4 to 0.5 V between 0.1 and 0.3 MPa below. And further below 0.1 MPa, the voltage drop Vc increased again as the contact surface pressure P decreased (region R3).

Now, compare FIG. 1 and FIG.
First, when the energizing current is 100 A, in FIG. 1, the contact surface pressure P is about 0.11 MPa or less and enters the region R2 which is a high wear region, and the specific wear amount Wt peaks at about 0.9 MPa. . On the other hand, in FIG. 2, the voltage drop Vc at which the contact surface pressure P is about 0.11 MPa is about 0.48V, and the voltage drop Vc at about 0.9 MPa is about 0.55V.
Next, when the energization current is 80 A, in FIG. 1, the contact surface pressure P is about 0.1 MPa or less and enters the region R2, and the specific wear amount Wt peaks at about 0.08 MPa. On the other hand, in FIG. 2, the voltage drop Vc at which the contact surface pressure is about 0.1 MPa is about 0.4 V, and the voltage drop Vc at about 0.08 MPa is about 0.43 V.

  Therefore, if a threshold is provided in the range where the voltage drop Vc is approximately 0.4 to 0.6 V and the contact force of the pantograph is controlled so as to prevent the voltage drop Vc, that is, the potential difference from exceeding this threshold, the trolley line Can be effectively suppressed.

There are various ways of thinking about how to set the threshold. For example, in FIG. 2, the range of the contact pressure P is wide when the voltage drop Vc is about 0.4 to 0.5V. Therefore, if the contact force of the pantograph is improved only when the specific wear amount Wt can be said to be reliably high in consideration of fluctuations in the contact surface pressure P during actual traveling, the threshold value is increased (for example, about 0.1. It is conceivable to set a range of 5V to 0.6V.
On the other hand, when it is desired to suppress the possibility that the specific wear amount Wt becomes higher than a certain level, it is conceivable to set the threshold value lower (for example, in a range of about 0.4 to 0.5 V).
In any case, if the threshold value of the voltage drop Vc is set within a range of about 0.4 to 0.6 V and the contact force of the pantograph is controlled so as to prevent the voltage drop Vc from exceeding this, the trolley line Can be effectively suppressed. Although two cases where the energization current is 80 A and 100 A have been described, according to the results of FIGS. 1 and 2, if the threshold value of the voltage drop Vc is set within a range of about 0.4 to 0.6 V, the other It is obvious to those skilled in the art that a certain effect can be expected even in the case of the energizing current. It can also be said that it is effective to change the threshold according to the energization current, instead of fixing the threshold.

Next, specific embodiments will be described.
[First Embodiment]
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the current collector and the contact force control device according to the first embodiment to which the present invention is applied, and illustrates an example in which a pantograph is used as the current collector. In addition, in order to clarify the structure which concerns on this embodiment, although structures, such as a folding mechanism of a pantograph, are abbreviate | omitted, it shall provide suitably similarly to a well-known pantograph.

  The pantograph 2 of this embodiment is classified into a rhombus pantograph in which the link mechanism that moves up and down forms a rhombus. That is, a frame 8 is provided in which an upper frame 8u and a lower frame 8d are assembled in a rhombus when viewed from the side with respect to a frame 6 fixed to a train car body via an insulator 4. A boat body 10 is installed at the upper end of the frame 8 via a boat support 9. An air spring 12 is provided between the main shafts 8e that pivotally support the opposed lower frame 8d.

The air spring 12 is a known spring device that uses the elasticity of compressed air, and the spring constant can be changed by the compressed air supplied from the air spring control device 16.
The air spring 12 has a function corresponding to a “main spring” and a “rising spring” in the rhombus pantograph structure. By applying tension so as to draw the lower frame 8d, the frame 8 extends in the vertical direction, pushes up the boat body 10 upward, and presses the sliding board 13 attached to the upper part against the trolley wire 14 that is a train track. To make contact (improvement of contact force).

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a structure example around the boat body and the boat support in the present embodiment.
The boat support 9 of the present embodiment is configured by loosely fitting a boat support shaft 9b serving as an installation portion of the boat body 10 with a boat support guide 9a connected to the upper frame 8u as a base. A coil spring 9c is incorporated in the boat support shaft 9b, and the boat body 10 is elastically supported to improve followability to the trolley wire 14.

  The boat body 10 and the boat support 9 incorporate a configuration relating to the contact force measuring unit 20 for measuring the current contact force F of the sliding plate 13 and the trolley wire 14. Specifically, accelerometers 22 a and 22 b that detect vertical acceleration are built in the left and right sides of the boat body 10, and their signal lines are connected to the contact force calculator 24.

  A strain gauge 26 is attached to the coil spring 9c of the boat support 9 so that the shear stress acting on the coil spring 9c can be measured. Specifically, two sets in total are attached at two diameter positions across the spring axis, with one set intersecting the direction of 45 ° with respect to the tangential direction of the coil spring 9c. Then, in order to avoid the influence of noise or the like, Wheatstone bridge is connected in the vicinity of the coil spring 9c, and distortion is measured. The signal line of the strain gauge 26 is connected to the contact force calculator 24.

The contact force calculator 24 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), an IC memory that stores programs and data, an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), and various electronic components.
The contact force calculator 24 obtains the vertical load f acting between the boat body 10 and the boat support 9 based on the output signal of the strain gauge 26 from the relationship between the strain amount and the load of the strain gauge measured in advance. . Further, the vertical accelerations ω1 and ω2 are obtained from the output signals of the acceleration clocks 22a and 22b. Then, the contact force F is obtained by the following equation based on the vertical load f and the vertical accelerations ω1 and ω2.
F = f + m (W1 · ω1 + W2 · ω2)
W1 and W2 are weighting factors for the accelerations ω1 and ω2 measured by the accelerometers 22a and 22b. Then, the contact force calculator 24 outputs an output value indicating the contact force F to the contact force control device 30 at all times or in a predetermined control cycle (see FIG. 3).

  The contact force control device 30 includes a CPU, an IC memory that stores programs and data, an ASIC, and various electronic components. Of course, the contact force calculator 24 and the contact force control device 30 may be configured as an integrated device. The contact force control device 30 compares the contact force F acquired from the contact force calculator 24 with a predetermined threshold value Fth related to the contact force F to determine whether or not adjustment control of the contact force F is necessary, and determines that adjustment is necessary. In this case, a control signal for increasing the contact force F is output to the air spring control device 16.

  Specifically, the threshold value Fth is determined as follows. That is, as described in the [Description of Principle] column, a specified voltage is determined in a range where the potential difference between the trolley wire 14 and the sliding plate 13 is 0.4 to 0.6 V, and a contact force corresponding to the specified voltage is applied. It is determined as a force threshold Fth. When the contact force F is equal to or less than the threshold value Fth, the threshold condition is satisfied. When the threshold condition is satisfied, that is, when the contact force F is equal to or less than the threshold value Fth, control is performed to increase the contact force F.

Next, the contact force control of the pantograph in this embodiment will be described from the aspect of functional configuration.
FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram illustrating a functional configuration example according to the present embodiment. The present embodiment includes a contact force detection unit 102, a current collector control unit 120, and a contact force variation mechanism 140.
The contact force detection unit 102 detects the contact force F in order to determine whether or not pantograph contact force control is necessary, and outputs the contact force F to the current collector control unit 120. 3 and 4, the contact force measurement unit 20 including the accelerometers (acceleration sensors) 22a and 22b, the contact force calculator 24, and the strain gauge 26 corresponds to the contact force detection unit 102. Note that another parameter (contact force equivalent parameter) correlated with the contact force may be detected and used instead of the contact force.

The current collector control unit 120 is a means for performing various determination processes and control for executing contact force control, and is realized by arithmetic processing by a CPU and an electronic circuit. In the example of FIG. 3, the contact force control device 30 corresponds to this.
The current collector control unit 120 according to this embodiment includes (1) a threshold generation unit 122 that determines a threshold value Fth for determining the necessity of control to be applied, and (2) contact force control based on the threshold value Fth and the contact force F. A determination unit 124 that determines whether or not to perform contact force control; and (3) contact that performs control for increasing the contact force F when it is determined to perform contact force control. Force control unit 126.

  The threshold generation unit 122 is realized as an information storage medium such as a computer-readable IC memory that stores the threshold Fth in a configuration including arithmetic processing by a CPU, for example.

The determination unit 124 determines whether or not a threshold condition that the contact force F is equal to or less than the threshold Fth is satisfied.
The contact force control unit 126 outputs a control signal for increasing the contact force F to the contact force fluctuation mechanism 140.

  The contact force variation mechanism 140 is realized by an actuator for increasing or decreasing the contact force and its control device. 3 and 4, the air spring 12 and the air spring control device 16 are used. Needless to say, the operating principle of the actuator is not limited to the use of compressed air, but may use electromagnetic force, aerodynamic force, hydraulic pressure, or the like. Moreover, the structure which connects not only the structure which uses an actuator independently but a main spring and an actuator in series or in parallel can also be used.

Next, the flow of contact force control in this embodiment will be described.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of processing by the contact force control device 30. The contact force control device 30 repeatedly executes the processing shown in the flowchart in a predetermined cycle. Specifically, first, the current contact force F is acquired from the contact force calculator 24 (step S2), and the acquired contact force F and the threshold value Fth are compared (step S4).

As a result of the comparison, when the acquired contact force F is equal to or less than the threshold value Fth (YES in step S4), it is considered that adjustment is necessary, and a control signal for increasing the contact force F is output to the air spring control device 16, and contact is made. Force adjustment control is started (step S6). Then, it is determined whether a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of the increase control of the contact force F, and if it has elapsed (YES in step S8), the process returns to step S2. The predetermined time mentioned here is set as appropriate so as to be slightly longer than this, assuming a duration in which a phenomenon in which the contact force F becomes equal to or less than the threshold value Fth is continued based on an assumed train operation condition. To do. If it is appropriate to change the speed according to the vehicle speed, reference data indicating the relationship between the vehicle speed and the duration is prepared in advance, the vehicle speed is acquired in the step, and the reference is made. It is preferable to perform a process of determining and applying the duration based on the data.
On the other hand, if the acquired current contact force F does not reach the threshold value Fth (NO in step S4), the standard control is executed so that the contact force in the initial state before the increase control by the air spring 12 is maintained. (Step S10).

  Therefore, according to the pantograph and the pantograph control method of the present embodiment, wear of the trolley wire 14 can be suppressed as compared with the conventional case.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described. This embodiment is basically realized by the same configuration as the first embodiment, but according to the collected current collected by the pantograph 2 (corresponding to the energized current in the [Description of Principle] section above). The difference is that a function for sequentially generating the threshold value Fth is provided. Here, differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described, and the same components as those in the first embodiment will be given the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the current collector and the contact force control device in the present embodiment. In the pantograph 2B of the present embodiment, a current detector 19 is provided in the power cable 18 that transmits the collected current to the vehicle body side. The current detector 19 outputs the measurement result of the collected current Ic to the contact force control device 30B of the present embodiment at all times or in a predetermined cycle.

  FIG. 8 is a functional block diagram illustrating a functional configuration example according to the present embodiment. A current collecting current measuring unit 162 that measures the current collecting current value Ic and outputs the measurement result to the current collecting device control unit 120 is included. The current detector 19 in FIG. 7 corresponds to this.

  Then, the threshold value generator 122B of the present embodiment determines the threshold value Fth corresponding to the current collecting current Ic at that time, for example, according to a function that defines the relationship between the current collecting current Ic and the threshold value Fth as shown in the figure. The relationship between the current collection current Ic and the threshold value Fth is not defined as a function, but may be defined as data in a table format.

The function f for calculating the threshold value Fth can be obtained as follows.
In other words, when the electrical contact between the trolley wire and the sliding plate is considered on a very small scale, it can be considered that minute irregularities become true contact points (true contact points) and exchange current. When the contact force between the trolley wire and the sliding plate decreases, the number of the true contact points decreases, and the entire current is allowed to flow at a very small number of true contact points. Then, the temperature at the true contact point rises and eventually melts to form a bridge of molten metal. This is a contact bridge that occurs as a stage before an arc occurs.
In the above-described test (see FIGS. 1 and 2), the wear of the trolley wire is rapidly increasing despite the fact that no voltage drop of 15 V or more at which an arc is generated occurs. Therefore, it is considered that the condition that the wear of the trolley wire rapidly increases is when the contact bridge is formed and the temperature reaches the melting point of the trolley wire.

なお、Ｒは電気抵抗（Ω）、ρは抵抗率（Ωｍ）、ｒは半球ドームの半径（ｍ）である。 So what was the temperature at the contact point in the above test?
Although it is very difficult to directly measure the temperature of the contact point during energization, it is possible to estimate the maximum temperature Tmax near the contact surface from the contact point voltage drop Vc based on the known “φ-θ theory”. it can.
Specifically, based on the model of φ-θ theory that the contact bridge is a hemispherical dome-shaped conductor, the electrical resistance dR inside and outside the contact bridge (= hemispherical dome-shaped conductor) is expressed by the following equation ( Obtained in 1).

Here, R is electrical resistance (Ω), ρ is resistivity (Ωm), and r is the radius (m) of the hemispheric dome.

なお、ωは熱抵抗（ｄｅｇ／Ｗ）、Ｋは熱伝導率（Ｗ／（ｍ・ｄｅｇ））である。 This equation (1) can be transformed into the following equation (2) from the similarity between the electric circuit and the thermal circuit.

Ω is the thermal resistance (deg / W), and K is the thermal conductivity (W / (m · deg)).

なお、θは温度差（℃）、Ｉは電流（Ａ）、φは電位（Ｖ）である。
ここで、ｄＲ＝ｄφ／Ｉであるから、式（３）から式（４）及び式（５）が求まる。 Further, since the temperature difference is obtained by multiplying the thermal resistance by Iφ, it can be further modified as follows.

Is the temperature difference (° C.), I is the current (A), and φ is the potential (V).
Here, since dR = dφ / I, equations (3) to (4) and (5) are obtained.

  Since the contact voltage drop Vc (= 2φ), the following equation (6) is obtained.

Here, according to Wiedamann-Franz's law, the ratio of the thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of a metal is proportional to the absolute temperature, and the proportionality constant is the Lorentz number, regardless of the type of material.
That is, Kρ = LT is established.
L (= 2.4 × 10 ⁻⁸ ): Lorentz number (V / K) ² , T: Temperature (K)
By substituting this into the previously obtained equation (6) and integrating from the temperature difference 0 to θmax, equations (7) and (8) are obtained.

When the predicted maximum temperature T _max of the contact bridge at the contact during the wear test is calculated based on the equation (8), the graph shown in FIG. 9 is obtained.
Furthermore, when the bridge predicted maximum temperature T _max at each current of 50 A to 300 A is calculated based on the equation (8), the graph shown in FIG. 10 is obtained.
Then, from FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, when the contact pressure at which the contact bridge temperature reaches the trolley wire melting point is defined as the critical contact contact pressure Pc, it can be arranged as shown in the graph of FIG.

  Therefore, as described above, if the condition that the wear of the trolley wire rapidly increases is that the temperature of the contact bridge reaches the melting point of the trolley wire, the wear is reduced when the contact surface pressure becomes less than the critical contact surface pressure. It can be said to increase rapidly. Therefore, from the relationship shown in the graph of FIG. 11, a function f for determining the threshold value Fth corresponding to the current collection current Id is set.

  FIG. 12 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of processing by the contact force control device 30B in the present embodiment. The process is basically the same as the process flow by the contact force control device 30 of the first embodiment, but the current collecting current Ic is acquired between step S2 and step S4 (step S3a). Then, based on the acquired current collection current Ic, a threshold value Fth applied in step S4 is generated (step S3b), and the process is executed.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the contact force can be adjusted based on a more appropriate threshold value Fth according to the current collection current Ic, and therefore, wear of the trolley wire can be more effectively suppressed.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described. This embodiment is basically realized by the same configuration as that of the first or second embodiment, but when it is determined that the contact force needs to be adjusted, that is, when the contact force F becomes equal to or less than the threshold value Fth. The difference is that the contact force F is increased and the power supply from the train track to the main circuit is controlled to be opened and closed. Here, differences from the second embodiment will be mainly described, and the same components as those in the second embodiment will be given the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the current collector and the contact force control device in the present embodiment. This embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the second embodiment. The power cable 18 supplies power to a main circuit 40 including an inverter and a main motor and an auxiliary circuit 42 including air conditioning and various auxiliary machines. And the switch 32 which interrupts | blocks / returns electricity supply to the main circuit 40 is provided. The switch 32 is a device that is externally controlled for breaking / returning by a switch controller circuit 34 provided in the contact force control device 30C of the present embodiment.

  FIG. 14 is a functional block diagram illustrating a functional configuration example according to the present embodiment. The functional configuration of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the second embodiment, but the determination unit 124 outputs a control signal to the energization control unit 128 when it is determined that the contact force needs to be adjusted.

  When receiving the control signal from the determination unit 124, the energization control unit 128 temporarily interrupts the energization (for example, 100 ms or less) and restores it to the load opening / closing unit 142 that interrupts / returns energization to the main circuit 40. A control signal to be controlled is output. The energization cut-off time is appropriately set according to the capacity of the filter capacitor provided in the front stage of the inverter of the main circuit. In addition to the filter capacitor, a power storage device (such as a large-capacity capacitor) may be provided in front of the main circuit. In the example of FIG. 13, the energization controller 128 corresponds to the switch controller circuit 34, and the load switch 142 corresponds to the switch 32.

  FIG. 15 is a flowchart for explaining the flow of processing by the contact force control device 30C in the present embodiment. This process is basically the same as the process flow by the contact force control device 30 of the second embodiment, but the control for temporarily interrupting the main circuit is executed between step S4 and step S6. (Step S5).

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the contact force F is adjusted in order to avoid the high wear region W, and the required current is reduced by temporarily opening and closing the power supply from the train track to the main circuit. The occurrence of wear in the wear region W can be avoided more reliably.

  Note that the function to open and close the power supply from the train track to the main circuit is not limited to the configuration that is performed at the same time as the control related to the contact force adjustment, but is provided as a backup function when the configuration related to the contact force adjustment fails. Also good. In that case, it is preferable to execute the failure determination process of the configuration related to the adjustment of the contact force before step S5, and to execute step S5 when a failure has occurred.

  When the main circuit 40 includes a high-speed circuit breaker, the current to the drive system circuit may be switched by operating the circuit breaker externally instead of the switch 32.

  Further, the power supply to the main circuit 40 has been described as being cut off. However, the power supply to the auxiliary circuit 42 may be cut off, or the power supply to both the main circuit 40 and the auxiliary circuit 42 may be cut off. It is good as well. In this case, a power storage device (for example, a large-capacity capacitor) may be provided before the auxiliary circuit 42 to compensate for temporary interruption of power supply.

[Modification]
As mentioned above, although embodiment which applied this invention was described, embodiment of this invention is not restricted to these, The addition, omission, and change of a component can be added suitably, unless it deviates from the main point of invention.

  For example, although the configuration using a pantograph as a current collector is shown in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention is used for adjusting the contact force with a conductive rail (third rail) using a current collector shoe as a current collector. It can also be applied.

  In the third embodiment, the power supply to the main circuit 40 is cut off. However, the power supply may be temporarily “reduced” instead of “0”.

2 Pantograph 8 Frame 9 Boat Support 9c Coil Spring 10 Ship Body 12 Air Spring 13 Grinding Plate 14 Trolley Wire 16 Air Spring Control Device 20 Contact Force Measuring Units 22a, 22b Accelerometer 24 Contact Force Calculator 26 Strain Gauge 30 Contact Force Control Device 102 Contact force detection unit 120 Current collector control unit 122 Threshold generation unit 124 Determination unit 126 Contact force control unit 140 Contact force variation mechanism

Claims (4)

A contact force control method for controlling the contact force by controlling a contact force variation mechanism capable of changing the contact force of the current collector's sliding plate to the train track,
Detecting the contact force of the sliding plate to the train track;
By reducing the contact force, the potential difference between the train line and the sliding plate is set to a threshold voltage that is a specified voltage determined within a range of 0.4 to 0.6 V, and the contact force is Determining whether or not a threshold condition that is less than or equal to this threshold is satisfied;
Controlling the contact force variation mechanism to increase the contact force when it is determined that the threshold condition is satisfied;
Including a contact force control method. The threshold condition is defined as a condition according to the current collection current of the current collector,
Further comprising detecting a current collected by the current collector,
Determining whether or not the threshold condition is satisfied is to determine whether or not the threshold condition according to the detected current collection is satisfied.
The contact force control method according to claim 1. Performing control to temporarily cut off or reduce power supply from the current collector to the main circuit and / or auxiliary circuit when it is determined that the threshold condition is satisfied,
The contact force control method according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: A contact force variation mechanism capable of changing the contact force of the current collector's sliding plate to the train track;
A contact force detector for detecting a contact force of the sliding plate to the train line;
By reducing the contact force, the potential difference between the train line and the sliding plate is set to a threshold voltage that is a specified voltage determined within a range of 0.4 to 0.6 V, and the contact force is A determination unit that determines whether or not a threshold condition that is equal to or lower than the threshold is satisfied;
A control unit that controls the contact force variation mechanism to increase the contact force when it is determined that the threshold condition is satisfied;
A contact force control device.

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