CN110966947A - Portable automatic carbon sliding plate thickness measuring device and method - Google Patents
Portable automatic carbon sliding plate thickness measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110966947A CN110966947A CN201911395815.3A CN201911395815A CN110966947A CN 110966947 A CN110966947 A CN 110966947A CN 201911395815 A CN201911395815 A CN 201911395815A CN 110966947 A CN110966947 A CN 110966947A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
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Abstract
The invention provides a portable automatic measuring device and method for the thickness of a carbon sliding plate, wherein a measuring mechanism is assembled and connected with a supporting frame and comprises a height adjusting assembly, a measuring table, a rolling bearing and a laser detection assembly; the height adjusting assembly is arranged between the supporting frame and the measuring table and used for automatically adjusting the vertical distance between the measuring table and the supporting frame; the rolling bearing is hinged with the measuring table and rotates along the bottom of the aluminum plate during measurement; the laser detection assembly is arranged on the measuring table and used for detecting the distance between a laser probe of the laser detection assembly and the upper surface of the carbon sliding plate to be detected in real time; the control device is respectively connected with the guide driving mechanism and the laser detection assembly and used for controlling the guide driving mechanism to act, receiving the distance detected by the laser detection assembly and outputting the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be detected according to the distance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pantograph carbon slide plate detection, in particular to a portable carbon slide plate thickness automatic measuring device and method.
Background
Along with the continuous increase of the operating mileage of the subway, the coverage range of the subway is wider and wider, and more people enjoy convenient welfare. The subway vehicle contacts with a contact net through a pantograph above the roof, the DC1500V voltage is transmitted to the subway train after the carbon sliding plate of the pantograph guides the current, and the electric power provides traction force and braking force for the vehicle after rectification, transformation and inversion, and can also provide refrigeration, heating, ventilation, illumination and the like for passengers. In the main line operation, the damage of the pantograph directly affects the operation of the whole train and the follow-up train, so that the maintenance operation of the pantograph is very important for ensuring the safe operation of the subway train.
The carbon sliding plate is an important component of the pantograph, and is in sliding contact with a contact net when a vehicle runs, so that the contact net is protected from being damaged by friction force, and the carbon sliding plate is designed to be made of an abraded material; therefore, in the maintenance process, the maintenance personnel are required to frequently measure the surface abrasion data of the carbon sliding plate so as to grasp the abrasion condition of the carbon sliding plate in real time.
At present, the carbon slide plate measuring method mainly comprises: the method comprises the following steps of (1) measuring on a vehicle and measuring under the vehicle; (1) during on-vehicle measurement, a maintainer needs to frequently use a mechanical vernier caliper to manually measure, and manually record the positions and data of the lowest depressions at two ends; the defects are that the time and the labor are wasted, the reading error exists in the manual visual inspection operation, the judgment of the lowest sunken position is incorrect, the measured data of the same point is less, and the like. (2) When measuring under the car, need the maintainer to demolish the carbon slide of pantograph, concentrate the measurement on ground, the shortcoming is frequent dismouting carbon slide, increases maintainer work load, and easily causes the loss of carbon slide.
In order to solve the above problems, people are always seeking an ideal technical solution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a portable automatic thickness measuring device and method for a carbon sliding plate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a portable automatic thickness measuring device for a carbon sliding plate, which comprises a control device, a guide driving mechanism, a support frame and a measuring mechanism, wherein the guide driving mechanism is arranged on the support frame; two ends of the guide driving mechanism can be buckled on the train pantograph goat horn; the support frame is assembled and connected with the guide driving mechanism and moves back and forth along the guide driving mechanism; the measuring mechanism is assembled and connected with the supporting frame and comprises a height adjusting assembly, a measuring table, a rolling bearing and a laser detection assembly; the height adjusting assembly is arranged between the supporting frame and the measuring table and used for automatically adjusting the vertical distance between the measuring table and the supporting frame; the rolling bearing is hinged with the measuring table and clings to the bottom of the carbon sliding plate support aluminum plate to be measured to rotate during measurement; the laser detection assembly is arranged on the measuring table and used for detecting the distance between a laser probe of the laser detection assembly and the upper surface of the carbon sliding plate to be detected in real time; the control device is respectively connected with the guide driving mechanism and the laser detection assembly and used for controlling the guide driving mechanism to act, receiving the distance detected by the laser detection assembly and outputting the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be detected according to the distance.
The invention provides a method for automatically measuring the thickness of a carbon sliding plate, which is applied to the device for automatically measuring the thickness of the portable carbon sliding plate, and comprises the following steps:
the control device sets a sampling step length, and determines the position of a sampling point of the carbon sliding plate to be detected by using the sampling step length;
installing two ends of a guide driving mechanism on a pantograph ram horn of the roof of the train, and buckling the rolling bearing on the lower surface of the carbon sliding plate supporting aluminum plate to be measured so as to enable the measuring table to be always aligned with the bottom of the carbon sliding plate supporting aluminum plate to be measured; starting the guide driving mechanism, wherein the guide driving mechanism drives the measuring mechanism to move along the guide driving mechanism according to a preset stroke; the measuring mechanism collects the distance between a laser probe of the measuring mechanism and each sampling point in real time and transmits the distance to the control device; the control device receives the distance corresponding to each sampling point, and calculates the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be measured corresponding to each sampling point by combining the distance between the laser probe of the measuring mechanism and the measuring platform and the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be measured supporting aluminum plate;
the control device draws a thickness curve of the carbon sliding plate to be detected based on the position of the sampling point and the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be detected corresponding to the sampling point, and divides the thickness curve of the carbon sliding plate to be detected into a plurality of intervals; screening out the maximum value and the minimum value of the thickness of the carbon slide plate to be detected in each interval, and carrying out difference processing on the maximum value and the minimum value of the thickness of the carbon slide plate to be detected; if the difference result is greater than the first preset value and less than or equal to the second preset value, judging that the carbon sliding plate to be detected needs to be polished; and if the difference result is greater than the second preset value or the minimum value of the thickness curve of the carbon sliding plate to be detected is less than the third preset value, judging that the carbon sliding plate to be detected needs to be replaced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has prominent substantive characteristics and remarkable progress, particularly:
1) the invention provides a portable automatic carbon sliding plate thickness measuring device, wherein a measuring mechanism of the portable automatic carbon sliding plate thickness measuring device comprises a height adjusting assembly, a measuring table, a rolling bearing and a laser detection assembly; the height adjusting assembly can automatically adjust the vertical distance between the measuring table and the supporting frame; the rolling bearing is hinged with the measuring table, and the rolling bearing needs to be buckled at the bottom of the carbon measuring sliding plate supporting aluminum plate during measurement, so that the measuring table is always aligned with the bottom of the carbon sliding plate supporting aluminum plate to be measured, and the detection precision is greatly improved;
2) the laser detection assembly detects the distance between a laser probe of the laser detection assembly and the upper surface of the carbon sliding plate to be detected in real time; the control device receives the distance detected by the laser detection assembly, outputs the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be detected according to the distance and provides a reference basis for analyzing the wear trend of the carbon sliding plate; the conversion of manual measurement of the data of the carbon sliding plate of the electric bus into portable automatic measurement is realized, and the detection precision is improved;
manual intervention is not needed in the measuring process, the working time of 1 hour can be shortened to 20 minutes, the measuring efficiency is greatly improved, and the human input cost is reduced;
3) when a maintainer detects the carbon sliding plate by using the portable automatic carbon sliding plate thickness measuring device, the maintainer does not need to take down the carbon sliding plate and only needs to install two ends of the guide driving mechanism on the horn of the pantograph on the roof of the train, so that the function of directly getting on the train for measurement is realized;
4) the invention also provides a portable carbon slide plate thickness automatic measurement method, which divides the carbon slide plate thickness curve to be measured into a plurality of intervals, and performs difference processing on the maximum value and the minimum value of the carbon slide plate thickness to be measured in each interval; and outputting a detection result of the carbon slide plate to be detected according to the difference result: is in a normal wear state and needs to be polished or replaced; the maintainers are prompted to replace the carbon slide plate to be detected in time, so that the train operation is prevented from being influenced;
5) if the difference value between the thicknesses corresponding to the sampling points at the symmetrical positions on the same carbon sliding plate to be detected is greater than a first threshold value, or the difference value between the thicknesses of the carbon sliding plates to be detected corresponding to the same sampling positions on the two carbon sliding plates to be detected is greater than a second threshold value, judging whether the carbon sliding plates to be detected are in an uneven wear state; if the carbon sliding plate is in an uneven wear state, the carbon sliding plate is in an abnormal wear phenomenon, a maintainer is prompted to adjust the balance rod in time to enable the pantograph bow to tend to be horizontal, or the balance degree of the carbon sliding plate is adjusted to enable the carbon sliding plate to be detected to be positioned on the same wear surface, so that the abnormal wear phenomenon of the carbon sliding plate is greatly reduced;
6) the control device also calculates the remaining usable time of the carbon sliding plate to be detected according to the thickness curve corresponding to the same carbon sliding plate to be detected at different times; so that the maintainer can determine the maintenance time, avoid excessive maintenance, waste manpower and material resources and influence the normal operation of the train.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the state of use of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the measuring mechanism of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a guide driving mechanism; 2. an optical axis guide rail I; 3. an optical axis guide rail II; 4. a laser detection assembly; 5. a laser displacement sensor; 6. a measuring table; 7. a spring component I; 8. a rolling bearing; 9. a pantograph sheep horn; 10. a carbon slide plate to be tested; 11. a fastener I; 12. a fastener II; 21. moving the sliding table; 701. an extension spring; 702. and a linear bearing.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in the attached drawings 1 to 3, the portable automatic thickness measuring device for the carbon sliding plate comprises a control device, a guide driving mechanism 1, a support frame and a measuring mechanism; two ends of the guide driving mechanism 1 can be buckled on the pantograph goat's horn 9 of the train; the support frame is assembled and connected with the guide driving mechanism 1 and moves back and forth along the guide driving mechanism 1; the measuring mechanism is assembled and connected with the supporting frame and comprises a height adjusting component, a measuring table 6, a rolling bearing 8 and a laser detection component 4; the height adjusting assembly is arranged between the supporting frame and the measuring table 6 and used for automatically adjusting the vertical distance between the measuring table 6 and the supporting frame; the rolling bearing 8 is hinged with the measuring table 6 and clings to the carbon sliding plate to be measured to support the bottom of the aluminum plate to rotate during measurement; the laser detection assembly 4 is arranged on the measuring table 6 and used for detecting the distance between a laser probe of the laser detection assembly 4 and the upper surface of the carbon sliding plate 10 to be detected in real time; the control device is respectively connected with the guide driving mechanism 1 and the laser detection assembly 4 and is used for controlling the guide driving mechanism 1 to act, receiving the distance detected by the laser detection assembly 4 and outputting the thickness of the carbon sliding plate 10 to be detected according to the distance.
In this embodiment, the laser detection assembly 4 detects the distance between the laser probe and the upper surface of the carbon slide plate 10 to be detected in real time, and transmits the distance to the control device; the control device receives the distance between the laser probe and the upper surface of the carbon sliding plate 10 to be detected, the carbon sliding plate is combined to support the thickness of the aluminum plate, the vertical distance between the measuring table and the laser probe of the laser detection assembly is used for calculating the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be detected. Specifically, the thickness of the carbon slide plate to be measured is equal to the vertical distance between the measuring table and the laser probe, the thickness of the aluminum plate supported by the carbon slide plate, and the distance between the laser probe and the upper surface of the carbon slide plate to be measured.
In this embodiment, the height adjusting assembly comprises a spring assembly I7 and a spring assembly II which are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the laser detection assembly 4, and the spring assembly I7 and the spring assembly II have the same structure; the spring assembly I7 comprises an extension spring 701, a guide shaft and a linear bearing 702; one end of the guide shaft is assembled and connected with the support frame, and the other end of the guide shaft is in sliding fit with the linear bearing 702; the linear bearing 702 is arranged on the measuring table 6; the extension spring 701 is arranged between the support frame and the measuring table 6 and keeps a stretching state, so that the rolling bearing 8 is always in contact with the carbon sliding plate support aluminum plate to be measured. Wherein, the diameter of the extension spring 701 can be 25mm, the height can be 100mm, and the compression length can be 30 mm; the invention is not limited.
It should be noted that, the carbon slide plate to be tested and the carbon slide plate supporting aluminum plate are designed integrally, and the carbon slide plate to be tested and the carbon slide plate supporting aluminum plate are of arc-shaped structures; in order to improve the detection precision, the connecting structure between the measuring table 6 and the support frame is a double-elastic structure; spring unit I7, spring unit II and laser detection subassembly 4 constitutes automatic rising roller type laser measuring mechanism, and extension spring among spring unit I7 and the spring unit II keeps tensile state, during the measurement antifriction bearing pastes the carbon slide support aluminum plate bottom rotation that closely awaits measuring all the time, makes distance is adjusted along with carbon slide and the carbon slide support aluminum plate shape that awaits measuring between laser detection subassembly 4's the laser probe and the carbon slide upper surface that awaits measuring automatically. Therefore, the distance between the laser probe detected by the laser detection component 4 and the upper surface of the carbon sliding plate to be detected approaches to the actual distance, and the detection precision is higher.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 in that: the present embodiment shows a specific embodiment of the guide driving mechanism 1.
In this embodiment, the guide driving mechanism 1 includes a guide rail, a movable sliding table 21, a stepping motor, and a belt disposed on the guide rail; the guide rail is arranged on one side of the carbon sliding plate to be detected, and the movable sliding block 21 is arranged on the guide rail and connected with the belt; the stepping motor drives the belt to rotate, and the belt drives the support frame to move back and forth along the guide rail through the movable sliding block.
In this embodiment, the orbital both ends of direction are provided with buckle spare I11 and the buckle spare II 12 that the structure is the same respectively, buckle spare I11 is detained including connecting integrative constant head tank and anticreep, during the measurement, will the constant head tank is aimed at the installation of the carbon slide terminal point that awaits measuring to press the anticreep and make the constant head tank with the anticreep is detained mutually and is made in order to incite somebody to action the guide rail is fixed on the horizontal plane of pantograph goat's horn 9, realizes getting on bus measuring function.
In this embodiment, two ends of the guide rail are respectively provided with a photoelectric sensor i and a photoelectric sensor ii; the photoelectric sensor I and the photoelectric sensor II are respectively and electrically connected with the control device and used for detecting whether the measuring mechanism reaches a limit position; after the photoelectric sensor I or the photoelectric sensor II detects the induction signal, the induction signal is transmitted to the control device, so that the control device controls the stepping motor to start or stop according to the induction signal, and the measuring mechanism is prevented from moving beyond a limit position to influence the normal measurement of the carbon sliding plate.
Example 3
The present embodiment differs from the above embodiments in that: this embodiment provides a support frame and laser detection subassembly's embodiment.
In this embodiment, the support frame includes an optical axis guide rail i 2 and an optical axis guide rail ii 3, one end of the optical axis guide rail i 2 is assembled and connected with the movable sliding table 21 of the guide driving mechanism, and one end of the optical axis guide rail ii 3 is assembled and connected with the laser detection assembly; the other end of the optical axis guide rail I2 is connected with the other end of the optical axis guide rail II 3 in an assembling mode. Specifically, optical axis guide rail I2 one end be assembled between and be in remove the slip table side, optical axis guide rail II 3 one end be assembled between and be connected spring unit I with the one end of spring unit II, spring unit I with the other end be assembled between and be connected between of spring unit II on the measurement bench.
In this embodiment, the laser detection assembly includes a laser displacement sensor 5, and a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod connected to each other; the laser displacement sensor 5 is positioned on the second connecting rod and is arranged right opposite to the upper surface of the carbon sliding plate to be detected, and is used for acquiring the distance between the laser displacement sensor 5 and the upper surface of the carbon sliding plate to be detected in real time; one end of the first connecting rod is fixedly arranged on the measuring table, and the other end of the first connecting rod is assembled and connected with one end of the second connecting rod; the other end of the second connecting rod is arranged on the optical axis guide rail I of the support frame in a sliding mode.
During measurement, the distance between a laser probe of the laser detection assembly 4 and the upper surface of the carbon sliding plate to be detected can be automatically adjusted along with the shapes of the carbon sliding plate to be detected and the carbon sliding plate supporting aluminum plate; meanwhile, the measuring table pulls the second connecting rod to move up and down along the optical axis guide rail I through the height adjusting assembly, so that the laser displacement sensor 5 moves up and down along with the second connecting rod. Therefore, the distance detected by the laser displacement sensor 5 is closer to the actual distance, and the thickness of the finally obtained carbon sliding plate is more accurate.
In the embodiment, the rolling bearing 8 is installed on a fixed seat, and the fixed seat is arranged on one side, close to the carbon sliding plate to be measured, of the measuring table; the fixing seat is hinged with the measuring table and can rotate along the measuring table by 90 degrees. When the measurement is started, the fixed seat is pulled to rotate to 90 degrees, the fixed seat is parallel to the measuring table at the moment, and then the measuring table is pulled to clamp the rolling bearing 8 at the bottom of the carbon sliding plate supporting aluminum plate; in the measurement process, the rolling bearing 8 is always in contact with the bottom of the carbon sliding plate supporting aluminum plate to be measured and rolls along the bottom of the carbon sliding plate supporting aluminum plate to be measured. And when the measurement is finished, pulling the fixed seat again to reset the fixed seat, wherein the fixed seat is vertical to the measuring table, and then pulling the measuring table to separate the rolling bearing 8 from the bottom of the carbon sliding plate supporting aluminum plate.
Example 4
The present embodiment differs from the above embodiments in that: this embodiment shows a specific implementation of the control device.
In this embodiment, the control device includes a main controller, a stepping motor driving circuit, a cooling fan, a temperature sensor, a display screen, a USB interface, an operation keyboard, and a power management circuit; the stepping motor driving board is respectively and electrically connected with the stepping motor and the main controller, and is used for receiving instructions of the main controller and driving the stepping motor to act; the heat dissipation fan is electrically connected with the main controller and used for reducing the temperature around the main controller; the temperature sensor is electrically connected with the main controller and used for detecting the temperature around the main controller; the display screen is electrically connected with the main controller through a liquid crystal driving circuit and used for displaying the thickness of the carbon slide plate to be tested; the USB interface is electrically connected with the main controller and used for carrying out information interaction with external equipment so as to transmit the thickness information of the carbon sliding plate to be detected to a USB flash disk or other equipment; the operation keyboard is electrically connected with the main controller and used for inputting parameters, and equipment can be operated to perform measurement work through the operation keyboard; and the power management circuit respectively supplies power to the main controller, the stepping motor driving circuit, the cooling fan, the temperature sensor and the display screen.
In this embodiment, the stepping motor driving board adopts a TB6600 driving module, which is used to transmit a pulse signal to drive the stepping motor, and the stepping motor converts the received electric pulse signal into a linear displacement; specifically, the main controller adopts an STM32F407 embedded single chip microcomputer, and the laser displacement sensor adopts a loose laser displacement sensor HG-C1050 with the precision of 30 microns.
In this embodiment, the main controller is further electrically connected to a battery detection circuit, an analog-to-digital conversion chip, an indicator light, a buzzer and other circuits. The control device is arranged in the portable aluminum alloy box body; and a lithium battery, a lithium battery charging and discharging circuit board, a cooling fan, a stepping motor driving board, a main controller and the like are arranged in the box body. Wherein, the lithium battery adopts a rechargeable lithium battery pack with output of DC19.2V to DC 24V; lithium cell charge-discharge circuit board includes charging circuit and discharge circuit, charging circuit adopts the power supply of outside charger, need increase in the box inside to charge and detect and protection circuit, prevent to produce the short circuit etc, discharge circuit divide into preceding stage steady voltage and back level and step down, voltage stabilizing circuit stabilizes lithium cell output at DC12V, back level step down with DC12V drop to DC5V and DC3.3V, DC12V is the step motor driver, the power supply of laser distance sensor, DC5V and DC3.3V are main control unit and other circuit power supplies respectively.
In this embodiment, the cooling fan adopts a size of 40 × 10mm, and the main controller detects the internal temperature of the box body through the temperature sensor and controls the cooling fan to start or stop.
In this embodiment, the control panel is further provided with a DB9 serial port, a driving interface, a charging port, a signal interface, an indicator light, and the like. The liquid crystal screen uses a 4.5-inch serial port screen; the operation keys use mechanical keys; the DB9 serial port is used for program updating; the charging port is used for charging the lithium battery; the stepping motor driving board is connected with one end of a driving wire through the driving interface, and the other end of the driving wire is connected with a control end of the stepping motor; the signal interface comprises a power line interface and a detection signal transmission interface of the laser sensor, and signal input interfaces of the 2 photoelectric sensors.
Example 5
On the basis of the automatic thickness measurement of the portable carbon sliding plate, the embodiment provides an automatic thickness measurement method of the carbon sliding plate, which comprises the following steps:
the control device sets a sampling step length, determines the sampling point position of the carbon slide plate to be detected by using the sampling step length, and inputs the number of the maintainer, the number of the train and the number of the carbon slide plate to be detected; installing two ends of a guide driving mechanism on a pantograph ram horn 9 on the roof of the train, and buckling the rolling bearing on the lower surface of the carbon sliding plate supporting aluminum plate to be measured so as to enable the measuring table to be always aligned with the bottom of the carbon sliding plate supporting aluminum plate to be measured;
starting the guide driving mechanism, wherein the guide driving mechanism drives the measuring mechanism to move along the guide driving mechanism according to a preset stroke; the measuring mechanism collects the distance between a laser probe of the measuring mechanism and each sampling point in real time and transmits the distance to the control device; the control device receives the distance corresponding to each sampling point, and calculates the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be measured corresponding to each sampling point by combining the distance between the laser probe of the measuring mechanism and the measuring platform and the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be measured supporting aluminum plate;
the control device draws a thickness curve of the carbon sliding plate to be detected based on the position of the sampling point and the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be detected corresponding to the sampling point, and divides the thickness curve of the carbon sliding plate to be detected into a plurality of intervals; screening out the maximum value and the minimum value of the thickness of the carbon slide plate to be detected in each interval, and carrying out difference processing on the maximum value and the minimum value of the thickness of the carbon slide plate to be detected; if the difference result is greater than the first preset value and less than or equal to the second preset value, judging that the carbon sliding plate to be detected needs to be polished; if the difference result is greater than a second preset value or the minimum value of the thickness curve of the carbon sliding plate to be detected is less than a third preset value, judging that the carbon sliding plate to be detected needs to be replaced; if the difference result corresponding to each interval is less than or equal to a first preset value, judging that the carbon sliding plate to be detected is in a normal wear state; wherein the first preset value is smaller than the third preset value, and the third preset value is smaller than the second preset value.
And the control device is used for performing associated storage on the calculated thickness parameter of the carbon sliding plate to be detected, the detection result, the number of the staff of the overhaul personnel, the train number and the number of the carbon sliding plate to be detected. Wherein, the carbon slide plate testing result that awaits measuring includes being in normal wearing and tearing state, need polish or need change.
In this embodiment, the vertical distance between the measuring table and the laser probe is set to be X, and the vertical distance X is fixed and can be obtained by measurement in advance; the thickness of the carbon sliding plate supporting aluminum plate is H; the distance detected by the laser displacement sensor, namely the distance between the laser probe and the upper surface of the carbon sliding plate to be detected is ci(ii) a The thickness of the carbon slide plate to be measured corresponding to each sampling point is X-H-ci(ii) a i is 1,2,3 … … n, n indicates the number of sampling points. Wherein n may be 1050, 750, 210 or 105, and the thickness H of the carbon slide plate-supporting aluminum plate may be 8 mm, which is not limited in the present invention.
It should be noted that, after the surface of the carbon sliding plate is worn away, grooves with different depths exist; the automatic thickness measuring method for the carbon sliding plate can measure the depth of the groove; the specific method comprises the following steps: dividing the carbon slide plate thickness curve to be measured into a plurality of intervals, carrying out difference processing on the maximum value and the minimum value of the thickness of the carbon slide plate to be measured in each interval, and setting a difference result as the depth of the groove in each interval. The first preset value may be 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, the second preset value may be 5mm, 6mm or 7mm, the third preset value may be 3mm, 4mm or 5mm, and the length of each interval is 40mm, 50mm or 60mm, which is not limited in the present invention.
Example 6
This example differs from example 5 in that: the embodiment provides two methods for judging whether the carbon sliding plate to be detected is in the uneven wear state.
Judgment method (1): screening a plurality of groups of symmetrical sampling points of the same carbon sliding plate to be tested according to the length of the carbon sliding plate to be tested; and respectively carrying out difference calculation on the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be measured corresponding to each group of symmetrical sampling points, calculating the average value of the difference calculation result, and judging that the carbon sliding plate to be measured is in an uneven wear state if the calculated average value is greater than a first threshold value.
Judgment method (2): comparing the thickness curves of the carbon sliding plates to be tested of the same train, screening out the thicknesses of the carbon sliding plates to be tested corresponding to the same sampling positions on the two carbon sliding plates to be tested, and performing difference processing; and calculating the average value of the difference result, and if the difference is greater than a second threshold value, judging that the carbon sliding plate to be detected is in an uneven wear state.
It should be noted that if the automatic carbon sliding plate thickness measuring device detects that the carbon sliding plate to be measured is in an uneven wear state, it indicates that the carbon sliding plate to be measured has an abnormal wear phenomenon; the abnormal abrasion phenomenon is easy to ignore, the service life of the carbon sliding plate is easy to shorten, even the pantograph-catenary contact is poor, and potential safety hazards are brought to normal operation of trains.
The carbon sliding plate abrasion abnormity detection device can accurately detect abrasion abnormity so as to prompt maintainers to adjust the balance rod to enable the pantograph bow to tend to be horizontal in time, or adjust the balance degree of the carbon sliding plate to enable the carbon sliding plate to be detected to be positioned on the same abrasion surface, and further deterioration of the carbon sliding plate abrasion abnormity phenomenon is prevented.
The group of symmetrical sampling points refers to two symmetrical sampling points at the position of the carbon sliding plate to be detected; the first threshold may be 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, and the second threshold may be 1mm, 2mm or 3mm, which is not limited in the present invention.
For example, 750 sampling points are selected, and 375 sets of symmetrical sampling points can be screened for the same carbon sliding plate to be detected; and respectively carrying out difference processing on the 375 groups of symmetrical sampling points corresponding to the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be detected to obtain 375 difference results, and if the average value of the 375 difference results is greater than 2mm, judging that the carbon sliding plate to be detected is in an uneven wear state.
Example 7
The present embodiment differs from the above embodiments in that: the embodiment provides a method for estimating the remaining usable time of the carbon sliding plate to be detected.
Specifically, the step 4 further performs: screening out thickness parameters corresponding to the same carbon slide plate to be tested at different time, and calculating the wear rate corresponding to each sampling point; screening out the maximum abrasion rate from the calculated abrasion rate, and estimating the remaining available time of the carbon sliding plate to be detected according to the maximum abrasion rate;
wherein T represents the residual usable time of the carbon slide plate to be tested, W0Indicates the thickness V of the carbon slide plate to be measured at this timeMAXRepresents the maximum abrasion rate, L represents the minimum allowable thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be measured, and s0Represents the surface roughness coefficient of the contact net, s1Represents the coefficient of surface roughness of the carbon sliding plate, a0Indicates the material property of the carbon slide plate, v0Representing the speed of the train, b0Representing the rising air bag pressure influence factor of the pantograph, b1Representing a height difference influence factor of the pantograph and the overhead contact system; t isjRepresents the corresponding overhaul time T in the jth overhaulkRepresenting the corresponding overhaul time in the kth overhaul; wjIndicates the time T of overhauljCorresponding thickness of carbon slide to be measured, WkIndicates the time T of overhaulkAnd the thickness of the corresponding carbon slide plate to be measured.
Wherein the maximum wear rateRate VMAXThe corresponding sampling point position is in the range of the sliding contact interval of the carbon sliding plate and the contact net; the minimum allowable thickness L of the carbon slide to be measured may be 3mm, 4mm or 5mm, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that: modifications to the specific embodiments of the invention or equivalent substitutions for parts of the technical features may be made; without departing from the spirit of the present invention, it is intended to cover all aspects of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a portable carbon slide thickness automatic measuring device which characterized in that: comprises a control device, a guide driving mechanism, a support frame and a measuring mechanism;
two ends of the guide driving mechanism can be buckled on the train pantograph goat horn; the support frame is assembled and connected with the guide driving mechanism and moves back and forth along the guide driving mechanism;
the measuring mechanism is assembled and connected with the supporting frame and comprises a height adjusting assembly, a measuring table, a rolling bearing and a laser detection assembly; the height adjusting assembly is arranged between the supporting frame and the measuring table and used for automatically adjusting the vertical distance between the measuring table and the supporting frame; the rolling bearing is hinged with the measuring table and clings to the bottom of the carbon sliding plate support aluminum plate to be measured to rotate during measurement; the laser detection assembly is arranged on the measuring table and used for detecting the distance between a laser probe of the laser detection assembly and the upper surface of the carbon sliding plate to be detected in real time;
the control device is respectively connected with the guide driving mechanism and the laser detection assembly and used for controlling the guide driving mechanism to act, receiving the distance detected by the laser detection assembly and outputting the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be detected according to the distance.
2. The automatic thickness measuring device for a portable carbon sliding plate according to claim 1, wherein: the height adjusting assembly comprises a spring assembly I and a spring assembly II which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the laser detection assembly, and the spring assembly I and the spring assembly II have the same structure;
the spring assembly I comprises an extension spring, a guide shaft and a linear bearing; one end of the guide shaft is assembled and connected with the support frame, and the other end of the guide shaft is in sliding fit with the linear bearing; the linear bearing is arranged on the measuring table; and the extension spring is arranged between the support frame and the measuring table and keeps a tensile state, so that the rolling bearing is always in contact with the carbon sliding plate support aluminum plate to be measured.
3. The automatic thickness measuring device for a portable carbon sliding plate according to claim 1, wherein: the guide driving mechanism comprises a guide rail, a movable sliding table, a stepping motor and a belt arranged on the guide rail; the guide rail is arranged on one side of the carbon sliding plate to be detected, and the movable sliding block is arranged on the guide rail and connected with the belt; the stepping motor drives the belt to rotate, and the belt drives the support frame to move back and forth along the guide rail through the movable sliding block.
4. The automatic thickness measuring device for a portable carbon sliding plate according to claim 3, wherein: a photoelectric sensor I and a photoelectric sensor II are respectively arranged at two ends of the guide rail; the photoelectric sensor I and the photoelectric sensor II are respectively and electrically connected with the control device and used for detecting whether the measuring mechanism reaches a limit position.
5. The automatic thickness measuring device for a portable carbon sliding plate according to claim 1, wherein: the support frame comprises an optical axis guide rail I and an optical axis guide rail II, one end of the optical axis guide rail I is assembled and connected with the guide driving mechanism, and one end of the optical axis guide rail II is assembled and connected with the laser detection assembly; the other end of the optical axis guide rail I is connected with the other end of the optical axis guide rail II in an assembling mode.
6. The automatic thickness measuring device for a portable carbon sliding plate according to claim 5, wherein: the laser detection assembly comprises a laser displacement sensor, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod which are connected with each other; the laser displacement sensor is positioned on the second connecting rod and is opposite to the upper surface of the carbon sliding plate to be detected; the first connecting rod is fixedly arranged on the measuring table, and the second connecting rod is arranged on the supporting frame in a sliding mode.
7. An automatic thickness measuring method of a carbon sliding plate, which is applied to the automatic thickness measuring device of the portable carbon sliding plate of claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the control device sets a sampling step length, and determines the position of a sampling point of the carbon sliding plate to be detected by using the sampling step length;
installing two ends of a guide driving mechanism on a pantograph ram horn of the roof of the train, and buckling the rolling bearing on the lower surface of the carbon sliding plate supporting aluminum plate to be measured so as to enable the measuring table to be always aligned with the bottom of the carbon sliding plate supporting aluminum plate to be measured;
starting the guide driving mechanism, wherein the guide driving mechanism drives the measuring mechanism to move along the guide driving mechanism according to a preset stroke; the measuring mechanism collects the distance between a laser probe of the measuring mechanism and each sampling point in real time and transmits the distance to the control device; the control device receives the distance corresponding to each sampling point, and calculates the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be measured corresponding to each sampling point by combining the distance between the laser probe of the measuring mechanism and the measuring platform and the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be measured supporting aluminum plate;
the control device draws a thickness curve of the carbon sliding plate to be detected based on the position of the sampling point and the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be detected corresponding to the sampling point, and divides the thickness curve of the carbon sliding plate to be detected into a plurality of intervals; screening out the maximum value and the minimum value of the thickness of the carbon slide plate to be detected in each interval, and carrying out difference processing on the maximum value and the minimum value of the thickness of the carbon slide plate to be detected; if the difference result is greater than the first preset value and less than or equal to the second preset value, judging that the carbon sliding plate to be detected needs to be polished; and if the difference result is greater than the second preset value or the minimum value of the thickness curve of the carbon sliding plate to be detected is less than the third preset value, judging that the carbon sliding plate to be detected needs to be replaced.
8. The method of automatically measuring the thickness of a carbon sliding plate according to claim 7, wherein the step 4 further performs: screening a plurality of groups of symmetrical sampling points of the same carbon sliding plate to be tested according to the length of the carbon sliding plate to be tested; and respectively carrying out difference calculation on the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be measured corresponding to each group of symmetrical sampling points, calculating the average value of the difference calculation result, and judging that the carbon sliding plate to be measured is in an uneven wear state if the calculated average value is greater than a first threshold value.
9. The method of automatically measuring the thickness of a carbon sliding plate according to claim 7, wherein the step 4 further performs: comparing thickness curves of the carbon sliding plates to be detected of the same train, screening out the thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be detected corresponding to the same sampling position on two carbon sliding plates to be detected, and performing difference processing; and calculating an average value of the difference result, and if the calculated average value is greater than a second threshold value, judging that the carbon sliding plate to be detected is in an uneven wear state.
10. The method of automatically measuring the thickness of a carbon sliding plate according to claim 7, wherein the step 4 further performs: screening out thickness parameters corresponding to the same carbon slide plate to be tested at different time, and calculating the wear rate corresponding to each sampling point; screening out the maximum abrasion rate from the calculated abrasion rate, and estimating the remaining available time of the carbon sliding plate to be detected according to the maximum abrasion rate;
wherein T represents the residual usable time of the carbon slide plate to be tested, W0Indicates the thickness V of the carbon slide plate to be measured at this timeMAXRepresents the maximum abrasion rate, L represents the minimum allowable thickness of the carbon sliding plate to be measured, and s0Represents the surface roughness coefficient of the contact net, s1Represents the coefficient of surface roughness of the carbon sliding plate, a0Indicates the material property of the carbon slide plate, v0Representing the speed of the train, b0Representing the rising air bag pressure influence factor of the pantograph, b1Representing a height difference influence factor of the pantograph and the overhead contact system; t isjRepresents the corresponding overhaul time T in the jth overhaulkRepresenting the corresponding overhaul time in the kth overhaul; wjIndicates the time T of overhauljCorresponding thickness of carbon slide to be measured, WkIndicates the time T of overhaulkAnd the thickness of the corresponding carbon slide plate to be measured.
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| CN201911395815.3A CN110966947A (en) | 2019-12-30 | 2019-12-30 | Portable automatic carbon sliding plate thickness measuring device and method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112461132A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-09 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司检修试验中心 | Capacitor class equipment quality control specialized tool |
| CN113777105A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-12-10 | 河北地质大学 | Optical fiber detection system for monitoring abrasion of carbon slide plate of pantograph |
| CN116499375A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-07-28 | 江苏古彦铝业有限公司 | Size detection device is used in production of prestretching aluminum plate |
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2019
- 2019-12-30 CN CN201911395815.3A patent/CN110966947A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112461132A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-03-09 | 中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司检修试验中心 | Capacitor class equipment quality control specialized tool |
| CN113777105A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-12-10 | 河北地质大学 | Optical fiber detection system for monitoring abrasion of carbon slide plate of pantograph |
| CN113777105B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2024-06-11 | 河北地质大学 | Optical fiber detection system for monitoring abrasion of carbon sliding plate of pantograph |
| CN116499375A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-07-28 | 江苏古彦铝业有限公司 | Size detection device is used in production of prestretching aluminum plate |
| CN116499375B (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-09-08 | 江苏古彦铝业有限公司 | Size detection device is used in production of prestretching aluminum plate |
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