KR102299351B1 - Pentergraph motion limit control method for improving current collecting performance and detection method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pantograph movement limit control method for improving current collection performance, and a detection method using the same. More specifically, the present invention uses an installation reference of an extension device for improving current collection performance not only in a rigid wiring method (R-bar) but also the other wiring method, and a measurement method using the same.

Description

Pentergraph motion limit control method for improving current collecting performance and detection method using the same {Pentergraph motion limit control method for improving current collecting performance and detection method using the same}

The present invention relates to a pentograph motion limit control method for improving current collection performance and a detection method using the same, and more particularly, to a rigid wire wire method (R-bar) as well as another wire wire method of a telescopic device for improving current collection performance. It relates to a method for controlling the limit of movement of a pentagraph for improving current collection performance by applying an installation standard and a measurement method using the same, and a detection method using the same.

In general, the rigid wire method is integrated with the catenary, so there is little concern about disconnection, no hangers, connectors, or anti-vibration brackets are required, there are few equipment accessories, and there is no wire vibration while driving. award is very advantageous.

However, since the elasticity of the rigid body wire is small, the conventional shape is not suitable for high-speed running.

1 shows the T-type aluminum rigid wire wire method (T-bar) and the R-type aluminum rigid wire wire method (R-bar) used in Korea.

In the case of the subway, to solve the shortcomings of the rigid body line, the running pantograph is improved for the rigid body line section to improve the current collecting characteristics, or there are multiple pantographs in one train and electrically connected from the high-voltage bus line to the arc at the time of transfer. Measures such as reducing the amount of generation are being implemented.

In addition, the current running speed of the rigid tram line is usually limited to less than 90 km/h, but in the future, high speed in the underground section is planned, and the need to improve the speed of the steel tram line is increasing. In order to respond to these demands, research on high speed is being actively conducted at home and abroad.

In the catenary type, since the catenary is easy to follow, there are places where the separation does not occur even if the pantograph is slightly shaken.

On the other hand, the rigid body method does not have disconnection due to tension like the cottage method, and there are places where there is no limit on the train speed due to the wave propagation speed, but there are places where the installation site is limited or it is necessary to manage the unevenness of the sliding surface to reduce the transfer line. .

Since rigid body wires do not have tension devices, there is almost no movement of the catenary, so when the unevenness of the sliding surface occurs, the effect on this line is large, and there is a limit to the current collecting performance at the end approach division point.

In case of a catenary breakage accident, it takes a lot of time to restore the catenary to its original state and communicate with the train.

In this method, wear management is carried out by means of an electric detection vehicle, etc. so that the electric wire is not broken. However, since there is no tension device in the rigid tram line, wear management to prevent disconnection is unnecessary.

In other words, to prevent disconnection of the catenary, if the catenary wears out beyond the wear limit, it should be replaced. The replacement period is determined by the material, thickness, number of passing pantographs, sliding plate material, and the like of the catenary.

On the other hand, in the rigid body type, the cross-sectional area of the catenary can be freely selected basically, and the wear limit can be greatly reduced compared to the cottage type, so the replacement cycle can be significantly longer.

Since the catenary is installed in the natural environment, in the cottage method, even if the catenary moves due to temperature change and wind pressure, the pantograph falls from the catenary and focuses on maintenance to prevent accidents.

In addition, the same method is used to repair the tension change of the catenary and the abrasion of the catenary.

In particular, it is necessary to maintain the proper spacing and height of the catenary between the main line and the side line so that the pantograph does not get caught (interrupted) at the branching point of the catenary.

On the other hand, the rigid body method has relatively less maintenance than the machining method because there is no change except for expansion and contraction due to temperature change.

In addition, a conductor rail expansion joint is installed on the contact wire shaft and compensates for length expansion and contraction according to the temperature change of the conductor rail section. This serves to keep the pantograph working well without mechanical or electrical disruption.

In addition, a comparison table for each manufacturer of the expansion and contraction device is shown in Table 1. The expansion and contraction device is a facility to cope with the expansion and contraction according to the temperature change of the R-bar, and it must be installed precisely so that the pantograph can pass smoothly, and it is installed in a straight section in principle.

The catenary of the electric railway supplies electric load for traction of the electric locomotive, and the pantograph on the train receives the load by contacting the catenary.

Recently, the performance, reliability, and security of electric vehicles are improving due to the high speed, large capacity, and shortening of driving time. This line soon leads to arcing, and this electric arc is also occurring in advanced foreign train systems. It is regulated so that it does not occur abnormally. One of the arcs is a loss of contact and the other occurs when passing through a neutral section.

Loss of contact occurs when a catenary line and a pantograph are transferred during the operation of an electric railroad. The incendiary wire is generated by the micro-vibration of the pantograph sliding plate, and the wire wire time is about a few tenths of a second. The middle line is generated when the pantograph is impacted by the hard point of the catenary, and the line time is about a fraction of a second. The large transfer line is generated by the jump of the entire pantograph immediately after passing through the supporting point of the catenary, and the transfer line time is 1 to 2 seconds.

Another cause is that when an electric vehicle passes through the neutral section, the voltage must be cut off (notch-off), but if the electric vehicle passes through the insulation section without the voltage being completely cut off, the electric vehicle's pantograph is not in the pressurized section. Since it enters the pressurized section without any protective procedures, an arc occurs between the vehicle's pantograph and the catenary. In addition, an arc is generated even when entering the pressurized section directly from the no-pressurization section.

If a disconnection occurs during electric vehicle operation, the wear of the catenary is promoted locally by arcs and impacts at the starting point and end point of the disconnection point. As a result, the possibility of disconnection increases. , electromagnetic interference) occurs, and when it is severe, the main motor or protective equipment of an electric vehicle is easily destroyed by flashover. Electrification is increasing in Korea, and Gyeongbu High-Speed Railway is the fifth in the world to open and operate. In order to safely manage the continuously increasing number of facilities and various operating facilities and to minimize maintenance costs, continuous research and efforts are required.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and provides a pentagraph motion limit control device for improving current collection performance, which has low elasticity and can be used in a rigid wire method not suitable for high-speed driving or a catenary method suitable for high-speed driving. purpose is to provide

In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a pentagraph motion limit control device for improving current collection performance that can check whether data measured through various sensors is measured in real time through a monitor.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for controlling a limit of movement of a pantograph for improving current collection performance including a controller, in order to control according to a limit of movement of the pantograph due to a contact relationship when raising the pantograph, the control unit is the pantograph of the pantograph The motion limit is calculated using the current collector plate half width (Bw), the pantograph reference profile value, the projection value by the curve radius, the gauge tolerance, the maintenance margin value, and the cant tolerance. The value of the effect of the shortage is reflected through the following equation.

The present invention provides a detection method using a control method of a control unit, comprising: an arc detection camera installed to be spaced apart from the pantograph 10 by a predetermined distance to photograph an arc generated when the pantograph 10 and a catenary are disconnected; a strain gauge that is installed on the sliding plate of the pantograph and is an electronic pressure sensor that measures the resistance according to the deformation of the force applied from the electric wire; and a microphone installed to be spaced apart from the lower frame of the pantograph by a predetermined interval and provided with a windbreak.

In the present invention, in the pentograph detection system for improving current collection performance, the control unit detects whether there is a foreign substance on the catenary by a solid angle (θ) proportional to the catenary damage area of the catenary through the following equation.

The present invention made as described above can ensure the function of the telescopic device when the installation inclination of the telescopic device is 4.3 degrees or less, so that it is possible to reduce the maintenance and management for the structural change of the catenary due to disturbance.

In addition, the present invention can secure safety by presenting installation standards in consideration of the worst-case state in which the train is stopped on the cant.

In addition, in the present invention, when a foreign material (eg, a kite, spider web, balloon string, etc.) is caught between the pentograph and the catenary, the torsion angle is misaligned and the arc voltage, sound, and acceleration are generated above this standard value to determine whether the control unit is a foreign material can be accurately identified.

In addition, the present invention can collect image data and noise data according to a certain rule by constantly controlling the pantograph movement limit and the inclination of the pantograph, so that when learning through AI in the future, it can help to easily obtain results. .

1 is a view showing a T-type aluminum rigid body wire (T-bar), R-type aluminum rigid body wire (R-bar), etc. according to the prior art.
2 is a view showing a distance between wheel center points according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a view showing the effect of cant/cant deficiency according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a view showing a swing limit according to another embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a maximum slope limit of the expansion and contraction device according to another embodiment of the present invention;
6 is a view showing a relationship diagram of a support insulator and a rigid tram line installation position according to another embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a view showing a state of a pantograph according to another embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a view showing an angle of a camera searched on a pantograph for arc measurement according to another embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a diagram showing an interface for sharing an arc detection result captured photo according to another embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a view showing an acceleration sensor installed in a pantograph according to another embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a view showing a built-in scale, etc. installed in a pantograph according to another embodiment of the present invention.
12 is a view showing noise generated in a pantograph according to another embodiment of the present invention.

In order to fully understand the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present invention may be modified in various forms, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described in detail below. This example is provided to more completely explain the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the art. Accordingly, the shape of elements in the drawings may be exaggerated to emphasize a clearer description. It should be noted that the same members in each drawing are sometimes shown with the same reference numerals. In addition, detailed descriptions of well-known functions and configurations that are determined to unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention will be omitted.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with a focus on the rigid body wire method (R-bar), but may be applied to various embodiments, and is not limited to the rigid body wire method.

In the present invention, the rigid body wire (R-bar) catenary line and the pantograph are a system that collects electricity through contact and must maintain contact while the train is running.

However, in general, it is difficult to maintain a constant contact due to the increase in the speed of the train or the tightness of the catenary, and the mechanical separation of the two systems is easy to occur.

This phenomenon is called double wire, and it is necessary to check the degree of double wire occurrence because it not only hinders the supply of high-quality power to the vehicle, but also causes an increase in abrasion of the electric wire and pantograph collector plate, noise, radio wave interference, and damage to the vehicle's electronic components. have.

Loss of contact refers to the mechanical separation of the pantograph from the catenary.

That is, it means a state in which the mechanical contact force becomes 0 [N]. Therefore, the occupancy rate is the percentage of the time (distance) that the train has traveled in the closed lane to the total time (total mileage) traveled by the train.

The adverse effects of two wires can be divided into a problem caused by the wire itself and a problem caused by an arc derived from the wire.

First, the problem caused by the wire itself may be caused by interruption of the power supply, (2) impact contact force on the catenary when re-contacting, and (3) surge voltage and harmonic generation in the collecting power and feeding system.

The problem of power supply interruption is that there may be cases where the current continues to conduct due to the arc even if a disconnection occurs. It is necessary to evaluate the effect on the duration and frequency of power interruption through the method of doing so.

Problems caused by arcs generated by two wires include (1) thermal damage to the pantograph current collector, (2) thermal damage to catenary lines, (3) arc noise, and (4) radio interference.

The biggest problem is the increase in wear due to thermal damage to the pantograph and catenary. Since the distance between the two wires is very small, the arc is generated when the two wires are connected and when they are re-contacted.

If there is a disconnection between the rigid tram line and the pantograph, it is necessary to suppress this as it interferes with the power supply to the vehicle and causes the abrasion of the electric wire or pantograph collector plate.

In addition, it is necessary to confirm that abnormal contact (poor contact) does not occur under any circumstances when the pantograph of the vehicle is running. This is because an abnormal contact can lead to a major accident.

Review the contact relationship with the expansion and contraction device when passing the pantograph, and the contact relationship when raising the pantograph gauge and pantograph of electric vehicles to examine whether installation is possible according to the amount of cant in the curved section.

Pantograph Movement (Swing) Limit Range and Meaning

In order to analyze the contact relationship between the telescopic device and the pantograph, it is first necessary to know how much the pantograph will move left and right under all line conditions and operating conditions. Indicative of this, there is a pantograph swing range or a pantograph movement limit.

The pantograph gauge is set by adding a margin to the pantograph movement limit. It simply corresponds to a gauge indicating the limit of the upper part of the vehicle (the part where the pantograph is located) as an extension of the vehicle limit. No fixtures shall be intruded into the pantograph gauge.

However, pressurized installations on catenary lines are an exception.

The process of obtaining the gauge according to the lateral displacement of the vehicle is stipulated, which can be regarded as similar to the concept of the vehicle limit. In addition, what is referred to as the Pantograph Swing Gauge here is the value for the tolerance standard gauge for the lateral movement of the pantograph.

The pantograph motion limits are determined from the Half Width of the Bow. Add the lateral displacement of the pantograph to this. Since the pantograph is firmly fixed to the vehicle roof and installed, it receives the lateral movement of the vehicle as it is, and thus is directly affected by the vehicle's flexibility. The method of calculating the pantograph lateral displacement according to the flow characteristics of the vehicle is complicated.

Therefore, since it is too complicated to apply, it is calculated for the case of applying it to an actual vehicle.

Pantograph movement limit formula

The theoretical pantograph motion limit for the vehicle is calculated as follows.

Reference Profile for Pantographs = Half width of collector plate + Kinematic Reference Profile of the Pantograph Bow + Projection by curve radius + Effect of gauge error + Gauge maintenance margin + Effect of cant error + Cant or Impact of cant shortage (reflected only when cant/cant shortage is 0.066m or more)

This can be expressed as a formula as follows.

here,

G: Theoretical pantograph limit for half (1/2)

Bw : Pantograph current collector plate half width

H: height above rail

L: Actual gauge

E or I : Cant or lack of cant

Pantograph Movement Limit Formula Explained

The reason for each term to come out in order to grasp the meaning of Equation 1 is as follows.

(팬터그래프 기준 프로파일 값)<1>

(pantograph reference profile value)

The above terms are for Kinematic Reference Profile of the Pantograph Bow values.

That is, a Profile corresponding to a lateral displacement of 0.110 m at a height of 5.0 m (lower verification height) and 0.170 m at a height of 6.5 m (upper verification height). it was set for taking.

The profile value includes the effect of lateral displacement due to cant if the cant (or lack of cant) does not exceed 0.066 m.

In addition, the amount of lateral movement of the vehicle before rolling of the vehicle occurs in the inclined portion, and lateral displacement occurring in the bearing portion of the pantograph assembly portion, etc. are taken into consideration.

The pantograph reference profile value at a certain height can be obtained by a proportional expression according to the height as shown in the following equation.

[Equation 1-1]

here,

h : contact point height

h'u : the height of the lower Verification Point (5.0m from UIC 606-1 OR)

h'o : Height of upper Verification Point (6.5m from UIC 606-1 OR)

epu: ep of the lower Verification Point (0.11m from UIC 606-1 OR)

epo: ep of upper Verification Point (0.15m from UIC 606-1 OR)

이 된다.Substituting the coefficient into Equation (3), the pantograph reference profile at a certain height is

becomes this

(곡선반경에 의한 Projection 값)<2>

(Projection value by curve radius)

Maximum Geometrical Overthrow for Pantograph Bow. In other words, this is the effect (projection value by the radius of the curve) of the offset amount between the center of the track and the center of the vehicle on the curved track for the electric vehicle in which the pantograph is installed (mainly the upper part of the pivot).

(궤간 허용 오차)<3>

(gauge tolerance)

This is about the effect that the gauge tolerance has on 1/2 track, where L means the actual gauge. The gauge is the distance between the two rails, more precisely, the distance between the inside of the rail head measured 14 mm below the top of the rail.

1.435 is for standard gauge 1435mm and is called nominal gauge, and actual gauge is nominal gauge + tolerance. In the Shinbundang line, the actual gauge = nominal gauge + 0.006 m on straight roads and actual gauge = nominal gauge + 0.01 m on curved roads.

<4>±0.025 (reparation margin value)

0.025m is used as the allowable amount (repair margin) for the lateral movement of the track until a large-scale track repair is made.

(캔트 허용 오차)<5>

(cant tolerance)

As shown in FIG. 2, the height of both rails should be the same height in a straight section or installed according to the cant value in a curved section, but may differ from the design value during actual construction or operation. It reflects the value of the effect on the catenary level due to the error. That is, the effect of the catenary height on the track cant tolerance.

The effect on the vehicle side by the rail inclination is determined based on the wheel center distance, and the tilting effect of the electric vehicle by the inclination is proportional to the height from the center of the vehicle body, so the calculation formula is as follows.

[Equation 1-2]

here,

H : height of contact point between catenary and pantograph

de: Distance between the center points of the left and right wheels (refer to Fig. 2; 1.5m)

hco : the height of the center of oscillation of the electric vehicle (hco=0.5m)

t2: cant tolerance of the orbit

: 팬터그래프가 달린 전기차의 틸팅도계수에 대한 전형값(0.225)

: Typical value (0.225) for the tilt degree coefficient of an electric vehicle with a pantograph

<6>

(Cant tolerance when the cant shortage is more than 0.066m)

The above item is a value on the impact due to cant/cant shortage. When the cant or cant shortage is 0.066m or less, the above (1) has already been reflected, so the value reflects the impact on the cant/cant shortage exceeding 0.066m am.

As shown in FIG. 3 , when the train runs on a curved section, a cant is applied to the track that raises the height of the outer rail so that the force acting on the outside of the curve and the force acting on the inside of the curve are balanced.

However, in the actual line, the cant value is less than the calculated cant amount, and this is called the cant shortage amount.

Therefore, when the train is stopped in a curved section, the pantograph is tilted inward by the cant, and when the train is running, the inclination of the pantograph varies according to the cant deficiency and the train speed.

The influence of the lateral displacement of the pantograph at the catenary level by the cant amount or the cant insufficient amount is called uunbE and uunbI.

here,

E, I: cant amount of orbit, cant shortfall amount

h : height of contact point (of pantograph and catenary)

de : Distance between the center points of the left and right wheels (eg 1.5 m)

hco: height of the locomotive center of oscillation (eg 0.5 m)

S0' : Typical value for the tilt degree coefficient of an electric vehicle with a pantograph (eg 0.225m)

E0', I0' : Standard cant/cant shortfall already considered in the reference outline in the pantograph zone (Ex: 0.066 m)

Meanwhile, the formula for calculating the quantity of cant generally used in Korea is as follows.

here,

C : Cant (mm)

V : Train speed (km/h)

R : Curve radius (m)

Cd: Cant lack (mm)

Therefore, by applying Equation 1 above, the pantograph motion limit is calculated according to the height, as shown in FIG. 4 .

Review of contact relationship when raising and rotating pantograph

1) Review of contact relationship when raising pantograph

As shown in FIG. 5 , when a momentary gust of wind blows, the pantograph may be raised abnormally. Since the above situation is an exceptional case deviating from the normal operating conditions, the action of the dynamic light point is not reviewed, and here, the pantograph examines whether there is an abnormality in contact with the expansion and contraction device in the curved section.

2) Review the contact relationship when rotating the pantograph

As shown in FIG. 6 , the pantograph is firmly fixed to the vehicle roof and installed. Therefore, the pantograph will also move according to the lateral displacement caused by the movement of the vehicle. Of course, there is an assembly part in the pantograph, and a secondary lateral dynamic action occurs due to the bearing characteristics, etc., but the effect thereof is almost negligible and it is known that the displacement due to the movement of the vehicle dominates.

Therefore, with respect to the lateral displacement of the vehicle, the pantograph is calculated as a part of the vehicle body as a rigid body motion.

The purpose of examining whether the contact surfaces of the three sides of the telescopic device are in contact with the pantograph sliding plate when the pantograph rotates in the lateral direction is to compare it with the maximum inclination angle of the telescopic device.

This is because the support insulators supporting the rigid tram line are installed on the horizontal support, whereas the pantograph is on the cant and is inclined. Therefore, it is enough to find out the angle at which the pantograph will be tilted (rotated) to the maximum and compare the angles.

In order to calculate the maximum angle at which the pantograph will be tilted (rotated), the worst condition is set when the following two conditions are merged.

- When the vehicle stops on the maximum cant track (quasi-static state)

- When a 30m/s strong wind blows to the side of the vehicle and the vehicle tilts

First, when the vehicle stops at the maximum cant, it is calculated according to the following equation.

here,

: 수평면에 대해 차량의 전체 기울어진 각

: the total angle of inclination of the vehicle with respect to the horizontal plane

: 캔트각

: cant angle

: 캔트가 있는 선로에서 현가장치 유연성으로 인해 기울어진 각

: Angle of inclination due to suspension flexibility on tracks with cants

S : Flexibility factor of vehicle

C : Max cant (mm)

The flexibility coefficient of electric vehicle is S=0.225 using the typical value for the electric vehicle tilt coefficient with pantograph, and the maximum cant is calculated by applying the standard for the installation location of the expansion device for each curve of the Shinbundang line as follows.

Results of contact relationship review when rotating pantograph

In conclusion, when the installation inclination of the telescoping device is 4.3 degrees or less, the function of the telescoping device can be guaranteed. Therefore, as a result of calculating the slope of the electric vehicle pantograph, if the electric vehicle, which is the worst condition, stops on the track with cant, if the cant value is 90 [mm] or higher, the slope exceeds 4.3 degrees, so the radius of the curve corresponding to the cant value 90 [mm] is 1000R In the following places, the installation of expansion and contraction devices should be reviewed.

The train is stopped on the cant considering the worst-case condition. However, in the underground section, when the upper and lower trains intersect, the crosswind has a large influence, so sections, insulation sections, and crossing devices including expansion and contraction devices must be installed in consideration of the standards presented in the present invention.

various embodiments

7 is a view showing a state of a pantograph according to another embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 7A , an arc detection camera 4 is attached to a specific position at the lower end of the pantograph 10 in order to detect the arc between the pantograph 10 and the catenary.

As shown in FIG. 7B , when a foreign material (eg, a kite, spider web, balloon string, etc.) is sandwiched between the pentograph and the catenary, the twist angle may be shifted.

As shown in FIG. 8 b, the phenomenon of arc generation due to hard bend of the catenary also occurs when foreign substances (eg, kite, spider web, balloon cord, etc.) are caught between the pentograph and the catenary. If dew forms on the web, etc., you may be in a more dangerous situation.

In order to solve this, looking at the shape of the catenary cut surface as shown in FIGS. 8A to 8C, Equation 6 below.

S: damaged area of contact wire (mm2)

R : circle radius of contact wire cross section (mm)

A : new contact wire thickness (mm)

h : contact wire residual thickness (mm)

θ: solid angle, solid angle

θ = arccos(1 - (A - h)/R)

As shown in Equation 6, θ may be substituted with a twist angle or an inclined angle of a catenary.

Therefore, by using the occurrence of an arc voltage exceeding a certain value and a sound or acceleration exceeding a reference value through the gap or torsion angle between the catenaries, the control unit can accurately determine whether there is a foreign substance on the catenary (refer to FIG. 8c ).

Looking in more detail, the electric circuit model of the arc can be derived as shown in Equations 7 and 8 below.

(here, e: arc instantaneous voltage value

I: arc instantaneous current value

q: arc energy constant

Ploss : Arc consumption power)

(where g: instantaneous arc conductance value)

In order to apply this, in the present invention, in addition to the result of analyzing the behavior of the arc image taken through the arc detection camera 4 and the microphone 2, the built-in scale 11, and the acceleration sensor 1 on the upper side of the pantograph 10, the current The electrode angle twist angle (θ) according to the arc instantaneous conductance value, arc power consumption, and arc energy constant value measured using a sensor (not shown) is more than a certain value (eg, 0 to 45 degrees based on both endpoints) The arc voltage was greater than when

For example, as shown in Fig. 9a, b, c, the behavior analysis of the arc image in the image acquisition step, sub-pixel edge extraction step, target edge recognition step of pentagraph, edge point mutual matching step, 3D expression step, etc. results can be generated.

Using this, when a foreign material (eg, wire) is caught between the pentograph and the electric wire, the twist angle is misaligned and the arc voltage is generated more than the reference value, so that the control unit can determine whether there is a foreign material.

In addition to this, as shown in FIG. 10B , a pressure sensor, an acceleration sensor, a velocity sensor, a displacement sensor, and the like may be further included to measure an accurate twist angle.

In other words, the control unit calculates the pantograph motion limit of the pantograph using the current collector plate half width (Bw), the pantograph reference profile value, the projection value by the curve radius, the gauge tolerance, the maintenance margin value, and the cant tolerance. When the shortage is more than 0.066m, a more accurate image can be obtained without correction by reflecting the value for the cant or the effect of the cant shortage.

When the cant value of the track in the curved line is 90 [mm] or more, when the inclination of the pantograph on the track is 4.3 degrees or less, the controller can accurately observe the arc voltage.

The equipment used in the noise array noise measurement in the pentagraph motion limit control or detection method for improving current collection performance according to the present invention is as follows.

PCB Piezotronics' microphone and amplifier (Model 378B02) were used as measurement sensors, National Instrument's Signal Express as data acquisition devices, MATLAB, National Instruments DIAdem, etc. were used as data analysis devices, and data was transferred under the control of the controller. and analyze it

For the displacement sensor and the built-in scale 11, a device capable of accurately measuring a position change or weight according to an amount of current change around a magnet may be used.

In this case, a high-performance NdFeB-based permanent magnet may be used as the neodymium magnet as the magnet, and R (rare earth element) composed of neodymium (Nd) or praseodymium (Pr) in a vacuum or inert atmosphere: 25 to 30 wt%, boron (B) : It is preferable to prepare by strip casting 0.3 to 2wt% remaining iron (Fe) and unavoidable impurities.

The R-T-B-based alloy is an R-T-B-M-O-based alloy having an oxygen content of 0.1 wt% or less, and the M (transition metal) may include at least one selected from among aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), and gallium (Ga).

로 나타내어지는 화합물을 주상으로 하는 희토류 영구자석으로서, M은 코발트, 베릴륨, 리튬, 알루미늄, 규소 중 어느 하나로부터 선택되는 원소이며, x는 0.01≤x≤0.25를 충족시킨다.In addition

A rare-earth permanent magnet having a compound represented by as a main phase, M is an element selected from any one of cobalt, beryllium, lithium, aluminum, and silicon, and x satisfies 0.01≤x≤0.25.

In addition, a neodymium magnet may be produced by finely pulverizing an alloy powder performed by a hydrogen fracturing process including a hydrotreating process and a dehydrogenation process for one of the above alloys, and sintering the finely pulverized alloy powder.

Alternatively, the above-described alloy or NdFeB-based alloy may be finely pulverized by mixing the FeGa compound powder, compression molding in a state where a magnetic field is applied to the fine pulverized mixed powder, sintering, and then heat treatment.

On the other hand, the neodymium raw material is made to have a purity of 99.9% or more by molten salt electrolysis and the iron raw material is made to 99.99% or more by aqueous solution electrolysis. Then, after pulverizing and pulverizing this ingot, it is molded by a press, and after that, the compact is sintered and heat-treated, and then the sintered compact can be surface-processed and produced.

In addition, a UV stabilizer may be applied to the neodymium magnet, the UV stabilizer is preferably HALS, and the antioxidant that can be used as the UV stabilizer functions as a free radical scavenger and serves as a free radical scavenger. used to protect

Meanwhile, the noise data of the microphone is transmitted in synchronization with the speed data to the measuring equipment through the data cable. In addition, the measured data can be checked in real time through the monitor.

At this time, the sound pressure value of various noises such as electric noise and aerodynamic noise generated when the high-speed rail vehicle is running is measured using a microphone.

The measured data were analyzed for noise characteristics at the speeds of 350 km/h and 400 km/h by applying the delay-and-sum beamforming method, and based on the noise map in a specific frequency region. to obtain the characteristics of sound pressure for each frequency domain.

In order to view the noise map or sound field visualization results generated while driving a high-speed rail vehicle, the following series of processes are required.

First, the traveling speed of the high-speed train to be measured and the noise generated are measured, and then the beam power is obtained by applying the delay-and-sum beamforming theory and the Doppler effect.

At this time, after weighting the value of the beam power using a window function for the usefulness of signal processing, the sound field visualization result can be derived by projecting the beam power to the position of the train based on the previously obtained speed of the train.

As shown in FIG. 13 , the sound pressure measured through the microphone is related to a specific arc voltage, and as shown in FIG. 14 , the amplitude of the volt increases over time with the sound amplitude and It can be seen that similar

Therefore, the present invention can collect current/voltage data and noise data collected through the above-described sensors by constant control of the pantograph motion limit and the inclination of the pantograph according to a certain rule, so that the AI (e.g., When learning through CNN), it can help to easily obtain results.

As an embodiment, in the detection method using the control method of the control unit, the control unit determines the pantograph motion limit of the pantograph, the current collector plate half width (Bw), the pantograph reference profile value, the projection value by the radius of the curve, the gauge tolerance, the maintenance It is calculated using the margin value and the cant tolerance, and the arc detection camera 4 is synchronized with the acceleration data and transmitted to the measuring equipment through the data cable, and the measured data is measured in real time through the monitor. Therefore, when the cant deficiency is more than 0.066m, a more accurate image can be obtained without correction by reflecting the value for the cant or cant deficiency effect.

The microphone 2, the built-in scale 11 connected by the pantograph 10 and the built-in scale connection block 12, the acceleration sensor 1 of the upper part of the pantograph 10, and the current sensor measured values are measured through the measuring device. It can be measured and transmitted to the control unit to determine whether there is a foreign substance or not.

As an embodiment, in order to detect and identify an abnormal situation using sound information, an abnormal sound that can be generated for each pantograph in which a microphone is installed is predefined, and the frequency is numerically converted such as MFCC (Mel Frequency Cepstrum Coefficient). It is expressed as a feature value.

And after learning the abnormal sound of each of the pantographs using a machine learning algorithm such as GMM, HMM (Hidden Markov Model), SVM, etc., the sound signal input every second is converted into the feature value used for learning, so that the abnormal sound is easy can also be detected.

As for the characteristics of sound to be used for detection and classification, which will be described below, not only MFCC but also Mel-Log Spectrum, Time Domain characteristics, Frequency Domain characteristics, etc. can be utilized. In addition, the sound to be used for detection and classification includes a preprocessing function for noise and the like.

The above-mentioned microphone 2, the built-in scale 11 connected by the pantograph 10 and the built-in scale connection block 12, the acceleration sensor 1 of the upper part of the pantograph 10, a protective film for protecting the current sensor The protective agent composition comprises 100 parts by weight of phenoxyethyl acrylate, 150 to 250 parts by weight of polyester acrylate, 30 to 40 parts by weight of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, 50 to 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl acetate, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one 1-5 parts by weight, silica airgel 25-35 parts by weight, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane 10-25 parts by weight, sodium silicate 30-50 parts by weight , 10 to 70 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl acrylate, 30 to 60 parts by weight of ethylsiliconate, 1 to 5 parts by weight of ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.5 to 2.5 parts by weight of tetraethoxysilane.

The phenoxyethyl acrylate has the characteristics shown in Table 2 below, so it is an optimal material for a protective film.

For each composition, first, phenoxyethylacrylate is used as an acrylate-based monomer, and it was confirmed that it was most suitable for the present composition among various acrylate-based monomers because it had adequate flowability and excellent heat resistance.

In particular, as shown below, the POEA-PAM copolymer (three sets of 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate (POEA)-polyacrylamide (PAM) copolymers) has a better protective effect.

Next, polyester acrylate is used as an acrylate-based oligomer, and has been found to be most suitable for the present composition among various acrylate-based oligomers because it has appropriate adhesion, strength and durability. It is preferable that 150 to 250 parts by weight of the polyester acrylate is used, and it was confirmed that the adhesion, strength and durability of the protective film were significantly reduced when used outside the numerical range. As a result of repeated experiments, it was confirmed that the most preferable amount of polyester acrylate used was 200 parts by weight.

In another embodiment, the microphone 2, the built-in scale 11 connected by the pantograph 10 and the built-in scale connection block 12, the acceleration sensor 1 of the upper part of the pantograph 10, and the current sensor The protective layer to be coated is polyolefin, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl butyral (PVB), silicone resin, TPT (Tedlar/PET/Tedlar), TPE; Tedlar/ PET/EVA), TAT (TAT; Tedlar/Al foil/Tedlar), TPAT (Tedlar/PET/Al foil/Tedalr), TPOT (TPOT; Tedlar/PET/Oxide/Tedlar), PayEP (PAP; PEN/Al foil/PET) or Polyester to protect against sudden external impact.

Halogen-based flame retardant as an insulating material for the insulation of the microphone (2) as another embodiment; inorganic flame retardants; flame retardant adjuvant; lubricant; and antioxidants;

The antioxidant may include any one selected from the group of substances belonging to organosulfide dialkyl ester-based antioxidants; any one material selected from the group of substances belonging to organosulfide phenolic antioxidants; any one material selected from the group of substances belonging to thioester-based antioxidants; and any one material selected from the group of substances belonging to the phenol-based antioxidants.

The polyolefin-based base resin is ethylene vinyl acetate-based (EVA) consisting of vinyl acetate (VA); ethylene methyl acrylate system (EMA) consisting of methyl acrylate (MA); ethylene ethyl acrylate system (EEA) consisting of ethyl acrylate (EA); and an ethylene-butyl acrylate-based (EBA) consisting of butyl acrylate (BA); and a heat-resistant insulating material, characterized in that it is any one ethylene-based copolymer resin selected from the group consisting of ethylene-based copolymer resins.

In one embodiment a laser configured to selectively generate optical pulses on behalf of the arc detection camera 4, a beam steer configured to generate polarization-tuned optical pulses emitted towards an object, reflection, scattering or and at least one polarizer configured to polarize the emitted light and a processor configured to detect at least one material of the object based on polarization and intensity of reflected, scattered, or emitted light from the polarized object.

Therefore, while the pantograph 10 moves together, it is possible to detect and respond to the deflection or deformation of the catenary in advance.

For example, a method of optimizing the detection time by creating a histogram of the reflectance of points and recognizing only the deflection or deformation candidate points in the area of interest by creating a region of interest for the part where the data is concentrated can be used.

That is, as shown in FIG. 8E , a method of further optimizing the detection time can be used by an optical system in which a protection window, a filter, and a lens are jointed, and a device for amplifying and decomposing it by connecting it with an optical cable and counting pulses.

The windshield surrounding the microphone 2 may be formed of a flexible solar panel, so that power can be supplied to other sensors even in the event of a power outage.

The flexible solar panel may include a first protective layer comprising polycarbonate; a panel laminated to the polycarbonate; a second protective layer including ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene laminated on the panel; a 3-1 protective layer comprising ethylene vinyl acetate inserted between one surface of the polycarbonate and the panel; a 3-2 protective layer comprising ethylene vinyl acetate interposed between the panel and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene; and a fourth protective layer including one of aluminum foil, polyolefin, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral, and silicone resin laminated on the other surface of the polycarbonate.

LiDAR may be used instead of the arc detection camera 4 , and in particular, it can be applied even in an area where a large number of catenary lines are installed in a complex manner.

However, due to the multi-reflection characteristics of the LiDAR data on the ground surface, vegetation, etc. other than the catenary, the microphone (2), the built-in scale (11), the accelerometer (1) of the upper part of the pantograph (10), and the current sensor Thus, all invalid LiDAR data can be removed and applied.

1: Accelerometer
2: microphone
3: measuring device
4: Arc detection camera
10: pentagraph
11: Built-in scale
12: Built-in scale connection block
13: ground plate
14: support

Claims (10)

In the pentagraph detection system for improving current collection performance,
An arc detection camera installed to be spaced apart from the pentagraph by a certain distance; including, the control unit captures the arc generated when the pentagraph 10 and the catenary are rewired to determine whether there is a foreign substance on the catenary,
In order to control according to the pantograph movement limit due to the contact relationship when the pantograph is raised,
The control unit calculates the pantograph movement limit of the pantograph using the following equation,
The control unit, when the cant value of the track on the curved line is 90 [mm] or more, control the inclination of the pantograph on the track to be 4.3 degrees or less,
The control unit uses the noise information obtained through the microphone 2, which is installed spaced apart from the lower frame of the pantograph 10 by a predetermined interval, and provided with a windbreak, to the noise information with a delay-sum beam forming theory (Delay-). and-sum beamforming method) is applied to perform noise characteristic analysis to obtain sound pressure characteristics for each frequency region based on a noise map in a specific frequency region, and the POEA-PAM copolymer for a protective film outside the microphone 2 (three sets of 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate (POEA)-polyacrylamide (PAM) copolymers) coated with a protective agent composition,
The control unit replaces the following θ with a twist angle or an inclined angle of the catenary,
Through the gap or torsion angle between the catenaries, the arc voltage is generated over a certain value, and the control unit detects whether there is a foreign substance on the catenary by using the occurrence of a sound or acceleration exceeding the standard value,
Further including; the built-in scale 11 connected by the pantograph 10 and the built-in scale connection block 12, the control unit performs an instantaneous weight increase characteristic analysis of the pantograph 10 from the built-in scale 11 and
The measured value of the acceleration sensor 1 in the upper part of the pantograph 10 is measured through a measuring device and transmitted to the control unit,
The microphone 2, the built-in scale 11 connected by the pantograph 10 and the built-in scale connection block 12, the acceleration sensor 1 on the upper side of the pantograph 10, and a protective film for protecting the current sensor The composition comprises 100 parts by weight of phenoxyethyl acrylate, 150 to 250 parts by weight of polyester acrylate, 30 to 40 parts by weight of 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, 50 to 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl acetate, 2 -Methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one 1-5 parts by weight, silica airgel 25-35 parts by weight, 3-glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane 10-25 parts by weight, sodium silicate 30-50 parts by weight, 10 to 70 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl acrylate, 30 to 60 parts by weight of ethylsiliconate, 1 to 5 parts by weight of ethylenediamine tetraacetate, 0.5 to 2.5 parts by weight of tetraethoxysilane,
The neodymium magnet of the built-in scale 11 is formed by vacuum melting a blend of neodymium, iron, and boron to make an ingot, pulverizing the ingot and pulverizing the ingot, then molding this by pressing, and sintering the compact; After heat treatment, the surface of the sintered body is processed and produced,
The antioxidant applied as a UV stabilizer to the neodymium magnet functions as a free radical scavenger and protects from UV rays among radiant energy from the sun,
HALS (Hindered Amine Light Stabilizer) is applied to the neodymium magnet as a UV stabilizer,
The arc detection camera includes a protective window and an optical system in which a filter and a lens are jointed,
a halogen-based flame retardant as an insulating material for insulating the microphone 2; inorganic flame retardants; flame retardant adjuvant; lubricant; and antioxidants; and
The windshield surrounding the microphone 2 is made of a flexible solar panel,
The flexible solar panel may include a first protective layer comprising polycarbonate; a panel laminated to the polycarbonate; a second protective layer including ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene laminated on the panel; a 3-1 protective layer comprising ethylene vinyl acetate inserted between one surface of the polycarbonate and the panel; a 3-2 protective layer comprising ethylene vinyl acetate interposed between the panel and ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene; Current collecting performance comprising a; a fourth protective layer including one of aluminum foil, polyolefin, ethylene vinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral, and silicone resin laminated on the other surface of the polycarbonate Pentograph detection system for improvement.
[Equation]
(One)

here,
G: Theoretical pantograph limit for half (1/2)
Bw : Pantograph current collector plate half width
H: height above rail
L: Actual gauge
E or I : Cant or lack of cant

: Pantograph reference profile value

: Projection value by curve radius

: Gauge tolerance
±0.025 : Compensation margin value

: cant tolerance

: Cant tolerance when the cant shortage is 0.066m or more
(2)

S: damaged area of contact wire (mm2)
R : circle radius of contact wire cross section (mm)
A : new contact wire thickness (mm)
h : contact wire residual thickness (mm)
θ: solid angle, solid angle
θ = arccos(1 - (A - h)/R) delete According to claim 1,
The arc detection camera (4) is transmitted in synchronization with the acceleration data to the measuring equipment, and the measured data is a pentograph detection system for improving current collection performance, characterized in that it is checked in real time whether the measurement through a monitor.
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