JP2012097767A - Active seismic isolation device, and active seismic isolation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an active seismic isolation device and an active seismic isolation structure capable of reducing shaking generated in a structure by an earthquake etc. and moving the structure generating residual deformation.SOLUTION: Control force is applied to an upper structure 16 by a first drive device 60 to reduce quake generated in the upper structure 16 by the earthquake etc. Moving force is applied to the upper structure 16 by a second drive device 68 to move the upper structure 16 generating the residual deformation.

Description

  The present invention relates to an active seismic isolation device that reduces shaking generated in a structure due to an earthquake or the like, and an active seismic isolation structure.

  In the seismic isolation structure that controls and reduces the shaking at the time of earthquake that occurs in the structure by the seismic isolation device such as actuator and semi-active damper, the structure can be returned to its original position when residual deformation occurs after the earthquake. Desired.

  When a motor-driven actuator is used as a seismic isolation device and the structure is to be returned to its original position by this actuator, it is necessary to rotate the motor with a high torque in order to move the structure. In order to control the generated vibration, it is necessary to rotate the motor at a high speed. And it is difficult to manufacture such a high-power motor with high torque and high rotation.

  On the other hand, a semi-active damper that passively applies a resistance force to a structure due to hydraulic resistance, frictional resistance, or the like against stroke displacement cannot actively apply force to the structure. Cannot be returned to its original position. Patent Document 1 discloses a base isolation structure in which a semi-active damper is provided in a base base isolation layer.

JP 2010-189922 A

  In consideration of such facts, the present invention provides an active seismic isolation device and an active seismic isolation structure capable of reducing a vibration generated in a structure due to an earthquake or the like and moving a structure having residual deformation. This is the issue.

  The invention according to claim 1 is an active seismic isolation device that controls shaking generated in an upper structure that is horizontally isolated from and supported on the lower structure, so that the lower structure or the upper structure can rotate. A screw shaft provided; a nut portion provided in the upper structure or the lower structure, through which the screw shaft is screwed, a first drive device that transmits a rotational force to the screw shaft; A second driving device that transmits to the screw shaft a rotational force that is greater than a rotational force that the first driving device transmits to the screw shaft; and a force that transmits or releases the rotational force from the second driving device to the screw shaft. An active seismic isolation device having a transmission device.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the rotational force is transmitted from the first driving device to the screw shaft, the rotational motion of the screw shaft is converted into the linear motion of the nut portion, and the control force is applied to the upper structure. The shaking generated in the superstructure due to an earthquake or the like can be reduced.

  Further, a rotational force larger than the rotational force transmitted from the first drive device to the screw shaft is transmitted from the second drive device to the screw shaft, and the rotational motion of the screw shaft is converted into the linear motion of the nut portion to the upper structure. By applying the moving force, the superstructure having the residual deformation can be moved and returned to the original position.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the seismic isolation support for horizontally isolating and supporting the upper structure on the lower structure, the screw shaft rotatably provided on the lower structure or the upper structure, A nut portion provided in the upper structure or the lower structure, through which the screw shaft is screwed, a first drive device that transmits a rotational force to the screw shaft, and the first drive device is the screw shaft. A second drive device that transmits a rotational force larger than the rotational force transmitted to the screw shaft, and a force transmission device that transmits or releases the rotational force from the second drive device to the screw shaft. It is a seismic structure.

  In the invention described in claim 2, the same effect as in claim 1 can be obtained in the active seismic isolation structure in which the upper structure is horizontally isolated and supported on the lower structure by the seismic isolation support.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, active seismic isolation devices configured by the screw shaft, the nut portion, the first drive device, the second drive device, and the force transmission device are respectively arranged in a plane biaxial direction. It is an active seismic isolation structure.

  In the invention described in claim 3, since the active seismic isolation devices are respectively arranged in the biaxial direction of the plane, the vibration in the biaxial direction of the plane generated by the earthquake or the like is reduced, and the upper structure Can be moved in the two-axis direction.

  Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, an active seismic isolation device and an active seismic isolation structure capable of reducing a vibration generated in a structure due to an earthquake or the like and moving a structure in which residual deformation has occurred are provided. be able to.

It is a front view which shows the active seismic isolation structure which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the semi-active damper which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the active seismic isolation apparatus which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the modification of the active seismic isolation structure which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the modification of the active seismic isolation structure which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the active seismic isolation structure which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged view which shows the moving mechanism 90 which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention.

  The active seismic isolation device and active seismic isolation structure of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, an example in which the present invention is applied to a reinforced concrete building is shown. It can be applied to buildings of various structures and scales.

  First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  As shown in the elevation view of FIG. 1, the building 10 includes a reinforced concrete foundation 14 as a lower structure provided on the ground 12 and a reinforced concrete upper building 16 as an upper structure. ing.

  In the base seismic isolation layer 18 between the foundation 14 and the upper building 16, a linear motion rolling bearing 20 is installed on the foundation 14 as a seismic isolation bearing that supports the upper building 16 in a horizontal isolation manner. The base seismic isolation layer 18 is provided with a semi-active damper 22 and an active seismic isolation device 24. That is, an active seismic isolation structure 26 having a linear motion rolling bearing 20, a semi-active damper 22, and an active seismic isolation device 24 is constructed in the basic seismic isolation layer 18 of the building 10, and the semi-active damper 22 and the active The seismic isolation device 24 controls shaking generated in the upper building 16 that is supported on the foundation 14 in a horizontal seismic isolation manner.

  Here, the active seismic isolation structure means a seismic isolation structure that controls the vibration of the building by inputting external force directly. In the active seismic isolation structure 26 of FIG. The control force that acts on the building 16 is “direct force from the outside”.

  The linear rolling support 20 is attached to the lower surface of the leg member 78 provided on the lower surface of the upper building 16 and the rail 52 attached to the upper surface of the support base 50 provided on the upper surface of the foundation 14, and slides on the rail 52. When the upper building 16 is supported on the foundation 14 and a horizontal force larger than the frictional force generated between the rail 52 and the moving block 54 is applied to the upper building 16. Next, the upper building 16 is moved relative to the foundation 14. The linear motion rolling bearing includes a linear slider that moves a block (sliding body) containing a so-called bearing on the rail.

  As shown in the sectional view of FIG. 2, the semi-active damper 22 is configured so that oil discharged from the chamber 34 or the chamber 36 in accordance with the movement of the piston 32 in conjunction with the rods 28 and 30 in the cylinder 44 is hydraulic pipe 38, The flow resistance when flowing into the room 36 or the room 34 through 40 is applied to the upper building 16 as the resistance force of the semi-active damper 22.

  Further, the oil flow resistance is changed by changing the valve opening area of the servo valve 42 (the size of the flow path of the oil flowing through the servo valve 42), and thereby the resistance force of the semi-active damper 22 is adjusted. be able to.

  2 is a model diagram for explaining the principle of the semi-active damper 22. For convenience of explanation, the rod 28 shown in FIG. 2 is omitted in FIG. In FIG. 1, the left end of the cylinder 44 shown in FIG. 2 is connected to the lower part of the upper building 16, and the right end of the rod 30 is connected to the upper part of the foundation 14.

  The active seismic isolation device 24 includes an actuator 46 and a structure moving unit 48, as shown in the front view of FIG. The actuator 46 includes a ball screw 56 as a screw shaft, a nut portion 58, and a high-speed motor 60 as a first drive device. The ball screw 56 is rotatably supported at both ends by bearings 62 and 64 installed on the foundation 14. The nut portion 58 is fixed to the lower surface of the upper building 16, and a ball screw 56 is screwed through the nut portion 58. The high-speed motor 60 has an output shaft 66 connected to one end of the ball screw 56 and transmits a rotational force to the ball screw 56.

  The structure moving unit 48 includes a low-speed motor 68 as a second drive device and a clutch 70 as a force transmission device. The low speed motor 68 is constituted by a motor 72 and a speed reducer 74, and the rotational speed obtained from the motor 72 is reduced by the speed reducer 74, so that the rotational force larger than the rotational force transmitted to the ball screw 56 by the high speed motor 60. Can be output from the output shaft 76. The clutch 70 can transmit the rotational force obtained from the output shaft 76 of the low-speed motor 68 to the other end of the ball screw 56, or can cancel the transmission.

  Next, the operation and effect of the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the active seismic isolation device 24 and the active seismic isolation structure 26 of the first embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3, the clutch 70 is usually operated to transmit the rotational force from the low speed motor 68 to the ball screw 56. Is released (the rotational force from the low speed motor 68 to the ball screw 56 is not transmitted). Then, a control force is applied to the upper building 16 by the actuator 46 with respect to the shaking generated in the upper building 16 due to an earthquake or the like.

  The control force applied to the upper building 16 by the actuator 46 transmits the rotational force from the high-speed motor 60 to the ball screw 56, and the ball screw 56 is rotated by the screw structure in which the ball screw 56 is screwed into the nut portion 58. Is converted into a linear motion of the nut portion 58.

  Further, when the upper building 16 shakes, the cylinder 44 of the semi-active damper 22 moves in conjunction with the upper building 16, so that a resistance force applied to the upper building 16 is generated in the semi-active damper 22.

  As a result, it is possible to reduce shaking generated in the upper building 16 due to an earthquake or the like. The control law of the vibration control to be performed by the actuator 46 is any control law as long as the vibration generated in the upper building 16 due to an earthquake or the like can be reduced by applying a control force to the upper building 16. It may be used.

  When the upper building 16 is moved, the rotational force of the low speed motor 68 is transmitted to the ball screw 56 by operating the clutch 70, and the moving force is applied to the upper building 16 by the low speed motor 68.

  The moving force applied to the upper building 16 by the low speed motor 68 transmits the rotational force from the low speed motor 68 to the ball screw 56, and the ball screw 56 is rotated by the screw structure in which the ball screw 56 is screwed into the nut portion 58. The movement is generated by converting it into a linear movement of the nut portion 58.

  Here, since the low speed motor 68 can transmit a rotational force larger than the rotational force transmitted to the ball screw 56 by the high speed motor 60 to the ball screw 56, The upper building 16 can be moved. Thereby, the upper building 16 in which the residual deformation has occurred can be returned to the original position.

  When the ball screw 56 is rotated by the low speed motor 68, the output shaft 66 of the high speed motor 60 rotates slowly and does not become a resistance. Therefore, it is not necessary to prevent the rotational force from being transmitted from the ball screw 56 to the high-speed motor 60 by the clutch. A clutch may be provided to block transmission of rotational force from the ball screw 56 to the high speed motor 60. In this way, the transmission efficiency of the rotational force from the low speed motor 68 to the ball screw 56 can be increased.

  The control force applied to the upper building 16 by the high-speed motor 60 is smaller than the moving force for moving the upper building 16 in a stationary state (for example, the friction force generated between the rail 52 and the moving block 54). Therefore, the rotational force transmitted from the high speed motor 60 to the ball screw 56 may be small. Further, since the upper building 16 need not be moved at a high speed by the low speed motor 68, the rotational speed of the rotational motion transmitted from the low speed motor 68 to the ball screw 56 may be small.

  Therefore, since the power of the high speed motor 60 and the low speed motor 68 is proportional to the product of the rotational force and the rotational speed, the high speed motor 60 and the low speed motor 68 can be reduced in power. 68 can be manufactured, and equipment costs such as apparatus cost and operation cost can be kept low.

  For example, when the rotational force of the high speed motor 60 is 0.05 to 0.2 times the rotational force of the low speed motor 68 and the power of the high speed motor 60 is 10 times the power of the low speed motor 68, the rotational speed of the high speed motor 60 is The rotational speed of the low-speed motor 68 is 50 to 200 times, which is a sufficiently realizable value.

  For example, when the rotational force of the high-speed motor 60 is 0.05 to 0.2 times the rotational force of the low-speed motor 68 and the rotational speed of the high-speed motor 60 is 100 times the rotational speed of the low-speed motor 68, the high-speed motor 60 This power is 5 to 20 times the power of the low-speed motor 68 and is a sufficiently realizable value.

  If the rotational force of the high speed motor 60 is 0.1 times the rotational force of the low speed motor 68 and the rotational speed of the high speed motor 60 is 100 times the rotational speed of the low speed motor 68, the power of the high speed motor 60 is low. This is preferable because it is 10 times the power of the above and is a value suitable for economy.

  In general, the diameter of the ball screw 56 must be increased in proportion to the rotational force and the rotational speed generated in the ball screw 56 due to resonance and strength problems due to rotation. However, since the rotational motion transmitted from the high-speed motor 60 is high-speed but the rotational force is small, and the rotational force transmitted from the low-speed motor 68 is large but low-speed, the diameter of the ball screw 56 is excessively increased. You don't have to.

  Further, the semi-active bumper 22 can exert the same seismic isolation effect on the upper building 16 as the actuator 46, and does not require ancillary equipment such as a hydraulic pump unlike the hydraulic actuator. Cost can be reduced. Therefore, if the configuration of the active seismic isolation structure 26 shown in FIG.

  Further, by using the sliding device as the linear motion rolling support 20, the resistance force (the friction force generated between the rail 52 and the moving block 54) when the moving block 54 moves relative to the rail 52 can be reduced. The active seismic isolation structure 26 having a high seismic isolation effect (an effect of reducing the shaking generated in the upper building 16) can be constructed.

  The first embodiment of the present invention has been described above.

  In the first embodiment, the ball screw 56 is provided rotatably on the foundation 14 and the nut portion 58 is provided on the upper building 16. However, the ball screw 56 is provided rotatably on the upper building 16. The nut portion 58 may be provided on the base 14.

  Moreover, in 1st Embodiment, although the example of the active seismic isolation structure 26 which has arrange | positioned the semi-active damper 22 and the active seismic isolation device 24 to the basic seismic isolation layer 18 was shown, it shows to the elevation view of FIG. As described above, the semi-active damper 22 may be the actuator 46 or the active seismic isolation device 24. 4 may be an actuator of another mechanism such as a hydraulic type.

  In the first embodiment, an example in which the semi-active damper is a hydraulic semi-active damper 22 is shown. However, the semi-active damper has an increment direction (stroke speed direction) of the stroke displacement amount of the semi-active damper. Any device that can apply a resistance force in the opposite direction and can change the resistance force to a predetermined value may be used. The area of the orifice provided in the flow path for sending oil may be changed, or the flow path may be provided in the flow path. A semi-active damper such as an oil damper that changes the resistance force by switching a valve or a friction damper that changes the resistance force by changing the pressing force to the friction plate may be used.

  Further, in a fully active seismic isolation structure in which only the actuator is arranged in the base seismic isolation layer, when the actuator cannot obtain a sufficient force to move the upper building, this actuator and the active seismic isolation of the first embodiment are used. The device 24 may be provided in the base seismic isolation layer.

  In the first embodiment, the output shaft 66 of the high-speed motor 60 and the output shaft 76 of the low-speed motor 68 are connected to both ends of the common ball screw 56. The shaft 66 and the output shaft 76 of the low-speed motor 68 may be arranged in any way as long as they can be connected to a common ball screw and transmit the rotational force. For example, the material shaft direction of the ball screw and the axial direction of the output shaft of the high-speed motor 60 or the low-speed motor 68 may be substantially orthogonal by using a worm gear structure including a worm and a worm wheel.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention and its operation and effect will be described.

  In the second embodiment, the basic seismic isolation layer 18 of the first embodiment has two layers. Therefore, in the description of the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and are appropriately omitted.

  As shown in the elevation view of FIG. 6, in the active seismic isolation structure 80 of the second embodiment, the upper building 16 is supported on the basic seismic isolation layer 82. The base isolation layer 82 includes a lower isolation layer 84 and an upper isolation layer 86. The lower base isolation layer 84 supports the upper base isolation layer 86 on the foundation 14 in a horizontal isolation mode, and the upper base isolation layer 86 supports the upper building 16 on the lower base isolation layer 84 in a horizontal isolation mode. .

  Similar to the basic seismic isolation layer 18 shown in FIG. 1, the semi-active damper 22 and the active seismic isolation device 24 are arranged in the lower seismic isolation layer 84 and the upper seismic isolation layer 86. For convenience of explanation, the semi-active damper 22 is omitted from the upper seismic isolation layer 86 in FIG.

  The lower isolation layer 84 and the upper isolation layer 86 have a direction in which the lower isolation layer 84 horizontally isolates the upper isolation layer 86 and a direction in which the upper isolation layer 86 horizontally isolates the upper building 16. A semi-active damper 22 and an active seismic isolation device 24 are arranged so as to be substantially orthogonal to each other. That is, the active seismic isolation devices 24 are respectively arranged in the two-axis direction of the plane.

  Therefore, in the active seismic isolation structure 80 of the second embodiment, it is possible to reduce the vibration in the two-axis plane direction generated in the upper building 16 due to an earthquake or the like and to move the upper building 16 in the two-axis direction.

  The second embodiment of the present invention has been described above.

  In the second embodiment, the semi-active damper 22 and the active seismic isolation device 24 are arranged in the lower seismic isolation layer 84 and the upper seismic isolation layer 86 in the same manner as the basic seismic isolation layer 18 shown in FIG. However, like the basic seismic isolation layer 18 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the actuator 46 and the active seismic isolation device 24 may be arranged in the lower seismic isolation layer 84 and the upper seismic isolation layer 86. These configurations may be combined. For example, as with the basic seismic isolation layer 18 shown in FIG. 1, the semi-active damper 22 and the active seismic isolation device 24 are arranged in the lower seismic isolation layer 84, and similarly to the basic seismic isolation layer 18 shown in FIG. The active seismic isolation device 24 may be disposed in the upper seismic isolation layer 86.

  Moreover, in 2nd Embodiment, although the example of the active seismic isolation structure 80 which can respond to the shaking and movement of the upper building 16 to the orthogonal | vertical two-axis direction was shown, FIG. 1, 4 of 1st Embodiment is shown. In the active seismic isolation structure that can cope with the shaking and movement of the upper building 16 in the direction of one plane of the plane as shown by 5, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. It is preferable to provide a moving mechanism 90 that allows the ball screw 56 to move in a substantially orthogonal horizontal direction. In the moving mechanism 90, the nut portion 58 is supported by a long slide rail 88 fixed to the lower surface of the upper building 16 so as to be movable in a horizontal direction substantially orthogonal to the material axis direction of the ball screw 56. 7 shows an example of a mechanism that allows movement of the ball screw 56 in a horizontal direction substantially perpendicular to the material axis direction of the ball screw 56, and such movement can be realized. If it is a thing, you may employ | adopt another mechanism in consideration of practicality.

  The first and second embodiments of the present invention have been described above.

  In the first and second embodiments, the example in which the seismic isolation bearing is the linear motion rolling bearing 20 is shown. However, the upper building 16 is supported on the foundation 14 and the relative movement of the upper building 16 with respect to the foundation 14 is performed. The rolling bearing, the sliding bearing, the laminated rubber, etc. may be used.

  In the first and second embodiments, the active seismic isolation structures 26 and 80 are constructed in the basic seismic isolation layers 18 and 82. However, the active seismic isolation structures 26 and 80 are formed in the intermediate seismic isolation layer. May be built.

  The number and arrangement of the semi-active damper 22, active seismic isolation device 24, and actuator 46 shown in the first and second embodiments are appropriately determined according to the scale and shape of the upper building 16, the target seismic force, and the like. Just decide. Further, the basic seismic isolation layers 18 and 82 of the first and second embodiments may be provided with a semi-active damper or an actuator having a mechanism different from that of the semi-active damper 22 or the actuator 46, or a hydraulic damper or a steel damper. A damping device such as a viscous damper or laminated rubber may be provided.

  In addition, the ball screw 56 is operated so that it can be operated manually (moves the upper building 16) when the low-speed motor 68 (motor 72, speed reducer 74) or clutch 70 shown in the first and second embodiments fails. A handle for manual rotation may be attached.

  Further, the clutch 70 shown in the first and second embodiments may be a clutch having any mechanism such as a manual clutch, an electric clutch, and an electromagnetic clutch. For example, the clutch 70 is an electric clutch that can automatically switch between transmission and release of rotational force by driving a motor, and after the earthquake has stopped, the position of the upper building 16 is automatically measured, and a residual larger than an allowable value remains. In the case of deformation, the clutch 70 may be automatically operated to transmit the rotational force of the low speed motor 68 to the ball screw 56.

  As mentioned above, although 1st and 2nd embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to such embodiment at all, You may use combining 1st and 2nd embodiment, Needless to say, the present invention can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist of the present invention.

14 Foundation (substructure)
16 Upper building (superstructure)
20 Linear motion rolling bearing (Seismic isolation bearing)
24 Active seismic isolation device 26, 80 Active seismic isolation structure 56 Ball screw (screw shaft)
58 Nut 60 High-speed motor (first drive unit)
68 Low speed motor (second drive unit)
70 Clutch (force transmission device)

Claims (3)

In the active seismic isolation device that controls the shaking generated in the upper structure that is supported by the horizontal seismic isolation on the lower structure,
A screw shaft rotatably provided on the lower structure or the upper structure;
A nut portion that is provided in the upper structure or the lower structure and through which the screw shaft is screwed, and
A first driving device for transmitting a rotational force to the screw shaft;
A second driving device that transmits a rotational force to the screw shaft that is greater than a rotational force that the first driving device transmits to the screw shaft;
A force transmission device for transmitting or releasing rotational force from the second drive device to the screw shaft;
Active seismic isolation device with. A seismic isolation bearing that horizontally supports the upper structure on the lower structure;
A screw shaft rotatably provided on the lower structure or the upper structure;
A nut portion that is provided in the upper structure or the lower structure and through which the screw shaft is screwed, and
A first driving device for transmitting a rotational force to the screw shaft;
A second driving device that transmits a rotational force to the screw shaft that is greater than a rotational force that the first driving device transmits to the screw shaft;
A force transmission device for transmitting or releasing rotational force from the second drive device to the screw shaft;
Active seismic isolation structure.   The active seismic isolation device constituted by the screw shaft, the nut portion, the first drive device, the second drive device, and the force transmission device is respectively arranged in a plane biaxial direction. Active seismic isolation structure.

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