TW202032036A - Electromagnetic damping device having flywheel characterized in an effect of a stroke level not being limited can be achieved with the gear rail and the corresponding gear - Google Patents

Abstract

An electromagnetic damping device having a flywheel is suitable to be disposed on a structural body to be damped, and used for relieving vibrations of the structural body to be damped in a damped direction, and includes a gear rail extended from the damped direction and a damping unit. The damping unit is able to reciprocally displace in the damped direction relative to the gear rail, and has a gear engaged relative to the gear rail along the damped direction and capable of reciprocally rolling on the gear rail, a transmission module allowing the gear to be disposed at one end thereof, and a power generating module disposed at another end of the transmission module and a flywheel; when the gear rotates, the gear drives the transmission module to link the power generating module to rotate for generating electricity, the flywheel is linked by the power generating module to rotate, and served to provide an inerter. With the gear rail and the corresponding gear, an effect of a stroke level not being limited can be achieved.

Description

Electromagnetic damping device with flywheel

The invention relates to a damping device, in particular to an electromagnetic damping device with a flywheel.

Damping devices are widely used in the vibration control system of civil structural engineering. The pendulum-type tuned mass damping system used in the Taipei 101 building is used as an illustration. The principle is to design a system with a huge mass, and when the building produces horizontal vibration, Make the mass produce reverse vibration, and then use the viscous (liquid flow) damping device to dissipate the vibration energy of the building to reduce the vibration of the building and protect the building from being damaged by earthquakes. The vibration energy is finally from waste heat. The form dissipated in the atmosphere.

The conventional viscous damping device has a pressure cylinder containing a viscous fluid, and a piston that can be pushed and pulled in the pressure cylinder, and uses the viscous fluid to provide resistance when the piston moves to dissipate vibration The effect of energy, however, the conventional viscous damping device has two shortcomings. One is that its stroke is limited by the length of the cylinder. Generally, the ratio of stroke to cylinder size needs to be about 1:3~4. Therefore, In fact, the stroke is often limited by the length of the cylinder that can be manufactured and cannot be designed to the required value. Second, when the length of the cylinder is long or the compression force of the piston is large, buckling is likely to occur. , Causing the pressure cylinder to bend and deform and damage the damping device.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic damper device with a flywheel that can improve the above-mentioned problems.

Therefore, the electromagnetic damping device with a flywheel of the present invention is suitable for being installed on a structure to be damped, and used to reduce the vibration of the structure to be damped in a damping direction, including a damping device extending along the damping direction Gear rail, and a damping unit.

The damping unit can move back and forth in the damping direction relative to the rack, and includes a gear that can mesh with the rack to roll back and forth relative to the rack in the damping direction, and a transmission for the gear to be arranged at one end of the gear Module, and a power generation module and a flywheel arranged at the other end of the transmission module. When the gear rotates, the gear drives the transmission module to drive the power generation module to rotate and generate electricity, and the flywheel is linked by the power generation module And rotate, and used to provide inertia.

The effect of the present invention is that by arranging the rack and the corresponding gear, the reciprocating motion in the damping direction can be converted into rotational motion, and electric energy is generated through the power generation module, and because the rack can be Arbitrarily set according to the required length, and the stroke size is not limited. Moreover, since the relative movement between the rack and the gear is movement and rotation, there is no problem of buckling.

Before the present invention is described in detail, it should be noted that in the following description, similar elements are represented by the same numbers.

Referring to Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, a first embodiment of the electromagnetic damping device 1 with a flywheel of the present invention can be applied as an electromagnetic tuned mass damping device with a flywheel, and is suitable for installation in a structure to be damped The body 9 is used to reduce the vibration of the structure to be damped 9 in a damping direction L, and includes a slide rail unit 2, a mass 3, a rack rail 4, a damping unit 5 and a reset unit 6.

In this embodiment, the structure to be damped 9 takes a building as an example, and the electromagnetic tuned mass damping device with a flywheel is suitable for installation on a floor 91 of a suitable floor of the building.

The slide rail unit 2 includes two first slide rails 22 extending along the damping direction L.

The mass 3 is movably arranged on the first sliding rails 22 along the damping direction L, and may have a setting frame 31.

The rack 4 is arranged on the floor 91 of the floor and extends along the damping direction L. In FIG. 1, the damping direction L is a direction perpendicular to the drawing.

The damping unit 5 is arranged on the mass 3 and can move synchronously with the mass 3 by the setting frame 31. The damping unit 5 can move back and forth in the damping direction L relative to the rack 4, including a A gear 51 that can mesh with the rack 4 to roll back and forth relative to the rack 4 in the damping direction L, a transmission module 52 for which the gear 51 is disposed at one end, and the other end of the transmission module 52 When the gear 51 rotates, the gear 51 drives the transmission module 52 to rotate the power generation module 53 to generate electricity. The flywheel 54 is rotated by the power generation module 53 in conjunction with To provide inertia.

It is worth mentioning that, in this embodiment, the mass 3 is provided for the damping unit 5, and the rack 4 corresponds to the floor 91 of the floor. However, the installation positions of the two can also be interchanged. The two need to be relatively movable along the damping direction L.

The transmission module 52 has a first transmission shaft 521 passing through the rotation axis of the gear 51, a transmission mechanism 522 disposed on the first transmission shaft 521, and a transmission mechanism 522 that is linked by the transmission mechanism 522 and supplies the power generation module. The group 53 and the flywheel 54 are provided with a second transmission shaft 523.

The extension direction of the first transmission shaft 521 and the second transmission shaft 523 is preferably perpendicular to the damping direction L.

The speed change mechanism 522 is used to increase the speed of the first transmission shaft 521 and output through the second transmission shaft 523 to drive the power generation module 53 and the flywheel 54, and is preferably implemented using a gear box. Designed according to actual needs.

The power generation module 53 has a DC motor 531 that is linked by the transmission module 52 to rotate and generate power and link the flywheel 54, and a variable resistor 532 connected in series with the current path of the motor 531. In FIG. 3, the motor 531 is illustrated with an internal inductor 533, an internal resistor 534, and an electromotive force e.

The flywheel 54 is disposed at an end of the second transmission shaft 523 away from the speed change mechanism 522, and preferably rotates coaxially with the motor 531.

The reset unit 6 includes a plurality of springs 61 whose two ends are respectively arranged on the mass 3 and a corresponding fixed end, so as to constantly provide a force for resetting the mass 3 when vibrating. In the first embodiment, the corresponding fixed end may be a plurality of fixed wall surfaces 92 of the structure to be damped 9.

In actual use, when the structure to be damped 9 encounters an earthquake, the structure to be damped 9 will vibrate. At this time, the mass 3 will move in the opposite direction to the structure to be damped 9 Therefore, the mass 3 will drive the damping unit 5 to produce displacement with the rack 4 in the vibration reduction direction L.

As shown in FIG. 2, when the rack 4 and the damping unit 5 are displaced in the damping direction L, the gear 51 will roll on the rack 4 and drive the first transmission shaft 521 around itself When the axis rotates, the speed change mechanism 522 is driven by the rotation of the first transmission shaft 521 to operate, and the rotation speed of the first transmission shaft 521 is increased and then output through the second transmission shaft 523, that is, the second transmission shaft 523 The rotation speed is greater than the rotation speed of the first transmission shaft 521. In this way, the originally slow rotation speed can be increased to a higher rotation speed capable of driving the motor 531 to generate electricity. Then, the second transmission shaft 523 drives the motor 531 to generate electricity. 54 is also sleeved on the second transmission shaft 523 and rotates coaxially with the motor 531. Therefore, the flywheel 54 can provide the inertia of the electromagnetic tuned mass damping device with the flywheel during operation, and change the flywheel's Frequency of electromagnetically tuned mass damping device. Through the above actions, the electromagnetic tuned mass damping device with a flywheel can provide damping of the structure to be damped 9 in the damping direction L, so as to reduce the vibration of the structure to be damped 9 and improve the The safety and comfort of the vibration structure 9.

The principle is explained as follows:

為感應電動勢(induced electromotive force，縮寫為EMF)、

為馬達反電動勢常數(motor back EMF constant)、

為馬達轉速、

為扭矩力、

為馬達扭矩常數(motor torque constant)、

為電流。The electromotive force and torque generated by the motor 531 are shown in the following formulas (1) and (2), where:

For induced electromotive force (EMF),

Is the motor back EMF constant,

Is the motor speed,

Is the torque,

Is the motor torque constant,

Is the current.

公式(1)

Formula 1)

公式(2)

Formula (2)

與

分別代表該馬達531在電路與機械方面的特性，其值與該馬達531幾何配置、線圈數量、與磁力特性等因素有關，以目前技術，兩個常數值可以作到幾乎一致，因此，於下述公式中，以

代替

與

。due to

versus

They represent the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the motor 531, and their values are related to the geometric configuration of the motor 531, the number of coils, and the magnetic characteristics. With current technology, the two constant values can be almost the same. Therefore, the following In the formula, with

instead

versus

.

公式(3)

Formula (3)

公式(4)

Formula (4)

公式(5)

Formula (5)

公式(6)

Formula (6)

為該飛輪54之轉動慣量、

為該變速機構522所使用之齒輪箱的齒輪比、

為該齒輪51之半徑、

為相對加速度、

為該可變電阻532之電阻值、

為該馬達531內部電阻534之值、

為相對速度。Among them, the formulas (3) and (4) are the relationship between the horizontal force provided by the electromagnetic tuned mass damping device with a flywheel and the acceleration and velocity relative to the structure to be damped 9, and F(t) is the Horizontal force provided by electromagnetic tuned mass damping device with flywheel,

Is the moment of inertia of the flywheel 54,

Is the gear ratio of the gearbox used by the transmission mechanism 522,

Is the radius of the gear 51,

Is the relative acceleration,

Is the resistance value of the variable resistor 532,

Is the value of the internal resistance 534 of the motor 531,

Is the relative speed.

、阻尼係數

分別如公式(5)、(6)所示。Corresponding formula (3) with formula (4), we can get inertia

, Damping coefficient

As shown in formulas (5) and (6) respectively.

為該具飛輪之電磁式調諧質量阻尼裝置之頻率、

為勁度係數、

為該質量塊3的質量。The frequency correlation equation of the electromagnetic tuned mass damping device with flywheel is shown in formula (7), where,

Is the frequency of the electromagnetic tuned mass damping device with flywheel,

Is the stiffness coefficient,

Is the mass of the mass 3.

公式(7)

Formula (7)

而調整慣質

，並進而調整頻率

，以實務上而言，在調諧質量阻尼裝置製作完成後，勁度係數

即為固定值，此時若該待減振結構體9發生離頻效應，則需由改變該質量塊3的質量

或慣質

去調整頻率

，然而，調整該質量塊3的質量

之困難度遠大於調整慣質

之困難度，此是由於質量

一旦增加，將大幅提高該質量塊3搬運及裝設的不便，且需預留足夠的空間供增加的質量

設置，而轉動慣量

是與轉動半徑平方成正比，因此，該飛輪54不需要增加極大的質量或甚至不需改變質量，僅需改變形狀及半徑，即可大幅提高轉動慣量

，並進而產生極大的慣質

，於本實施之實驗數據中，1公斤的飛輪54可產生的慣質

等效於約500公斤之質量塊3，其增幅達500倍之多，因此，即使該待減振結構體9之基本振動頻率在完工之後發生變化(例如裝潢、增/改建或變更用途等)，也可以藉由更換不同轉動慣量

(例如，改變質量或是半徑、形狀等)的該飛輪54而調整頻率

，其搬運裝設施工皆十分便利。It can be seen from formulas (5) and (7) that the electromagnetic tuned mass damping device with a flywheel can change the moment of inertia of the flywheel 54

And adjust inertia

And adjust the frequency

, In practical terms, after the tuned mass damping device is manufactured, the stiffness coefficient

It is a fixed value. At this time, if the to-be-damped structure 9 has an off-frequency effect, it is necessary to change the mass of the mass 3

Or inertia

To adjust the frequency

, However, adjust the mass of mass 3

The difficulty is far greater than adjusting inertia

The difficulty is due to the quality

Once it increases, it will greatly increase the inconvenience of the mass 3 to be transported and installed, and sufficient space must be reserved for the increased mass

Setting, and the moment of inertia

It is proportional to the square of the turning radius. Therefore, the flywheel 54 does not need to increase its mass or even change its mass. It only needs to change the shape and radius to greatly increase the moment of inertia

, And then generate great inertia

In the experimental data of this implementation, the inertia that a 1 kg flywheel 54 can produce

It is equivalent to about 500 kg of mass 3, and its increase is as much as 500 times. Therefore, even if the basic vibration frequency of the structure to be damped 9 changes after completion (such as decoration, addition/reconstruction or change of use, etc.) , You can also change to different moments of inertia

(For example, changing the mass or radius, shape, etc.) of the flywheel 54 to adjust the frequency

, Its transportation and installation facilities are very convenient.

而改變所提供的阻尼值。It can be seen from formula (6) that after the installation of the electromagnetic tuned mass damping device with flywheel is completed, the resistance value of the variable resistor 532 can still be adjusted

And change the damping value provided.

Referring to FIG. 4, another aspect of the electromagnetic damper device 1 with a flywheel applied to the structure to be damped 9 is different. The difference between this aspect and the first embodiment described above is:

The slide rail unit 2 also includes a first base 21 set on the floor 91, the first slide rails 22 set on the first base 21, and a ground movable along a first vibration reduction direction X. A second base 23 provided on the first slide rails 22, and two second slide rails 24 provided on the second base 23 and provided for the mass 3 to move along a second damping direction Y . Wherein, the first damping direction X is perpendicular to the second damping direction Y.

In this case, four racks 4 and four sets of damping units 5 are used (in Figure 4 only two sets of damping units 5 are drawn, and the other two are located at their symmetrical positions), of which two sets of damping units 5 correspond to the first One slide rail 22 is installed at the symmetrical position of the second base 23, and the other two sets correspond to the symmetrical position where the second slide rails 24 are installed on the mass 3.

Thereby, the horizontal and bidirectional vibration damping effect of the structure to be damped 9 can be provided.

Referring to Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, through the above description, the advantages of this embodiment can be summarized as follows:

1. By arranging the rack 4 and the corresponding gear 51, the reciprocating motion in the damping direction L can be converted into a rotary motion, and electrical energy is generated by the power generation module 53, because the rack 4 can Arbitrarily set according to the required length, the stroke size is not limited, so compared to the prior art, it can have a larger application range. Furthermore, since the relative movement between the rack 4 and the gear 51 is movement and rotation, Therefore, the problem of buckling will not arise.

Among them, by providing the power generation module 53, the vibration energy can be converted into usable electrical energy, which is sufficient for safety warning and emergency lighting in buildings.

2. By setting the flywheel 54 to provide inertia, the required frequency can be adjusted by changing the moment of inertia of the flywheel 54. Compared with the prior art, it is difficult to change the applied frequency once the huge mass 3 is set. Because the flywheel 54 of the present invention can provide great inertia with only a small mass, it is not only easy to handle and install, and does not require a large installation space, but also the basic vibration of the structure to be damped 9 When the frequency changes, it is also convenient to replace and adjust, and can meet the current basic vibration frequency of the structure to be damped 9 at any time, improve the problem of detuning effect, and increase the safety of the structure to be damped 9 Performance and prolong service life.

3. By setting the variable resistor 532 serially connected to the current path of the motor 531, the resistance value of the variable resistor 532 can still be adjusted after the electromagnetic damper device 1 with a flywheel is installed. Changing the damping provided, therefore, can increase the flexibility of application changes.

Referring to FIG. 5, it is a second embodiment of the electromagnetic damper device 1 with a flywheel of the present invention. The second embodiment is similar to the first embodiment. The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is :

The reset unit 6 includes a plurality of steel cables 62 with two ends respectively disposed on the mass 3 and a corresponding fixed end to constantly provide the mass 3 with a reset force when it vibrates. In the second embodiment, the corresponding fixed end may be an upper floor 93 of the structure to be damped 9.

In this way, the second embodiment can also achieve the same purpose and effect as the above-mentioned first embodiment.

6 and 7, there is a third embodiment of the electromagnetic damper device 1 with a flywheel of the present invention. The third embodiment is similar to the first embodiment, and the third embodiment is similar to the first embodiment. The difference is:

In the third embodiment, the structure to be damped 9 takes a building with a seismic isolation layer 94 as an example, and the electromagnetic damping device 1 with a flywheel is suitable for installation on a foundation plate 95 and Between the foundations 96, it is suitable for erecting a plurality of support frames 961 to provide support for the electromagnetic damper device 1 with a flywheel.

The rack 4 is disposed on the foundation plate 95, and the damping unit 5 is disposed on the foundation 96, and moves synchronously with the foundation 96 by the support frames 961.

Thereby, when the structure to be damped 9 is struck by an earthquake and vibrates, because the foundation plate 95 is displaced between the foundation 96 due to shaking, the rack 4 and the damping unit 5 will follow Displacement is generated in the damping direction L, and the damping unit 5 provides damping when the gear 51 moves relative to the rack 4, so as to achieve the effect of reducing the vibration of the structure to be damped 9.

Referring to FIG. 8, another application aspect of the third embodiment is shown. In this aspect, a diagonal brace structure 98 is provided in each floor 97 or a specific floor 97 of the structure to be damped 9; and A platform 99 arranged on the diagonal brace structure 98 for the corresponding electromagnetic damper device 1 with a flywheel.

In each installed floor 97, the rack 4 is installed on the corresponding upper floor 93, and the damping unit 5 is installed on the corresponding platform 99. Thereby, when the structure to be damped 9 vibrates, the displacement movement between the corresponding upper floor 93 and the corresponding platform 99 can be slowed down, thereby reducing the overall vibration of the structure to be damped 9.

In this way, the third embodiment can also achieve the effect of the unlimited stroke size described in the first embodiment, and when applied to the structure to be damped 9, it can also achieve additional damping for each floor and reduce the structure. The effect of vibration response.

Referring to FIG. 9, it is a fourth embodiment of the electromagnetic damper device 1 with a flywheel of the present invention. The fourth embodiment is similar to the third embodiment. The difference between the fourth embodiment and the third embodiment is :

The fourth embodiment also includes two first sliding rails 22, the mass 3 arranged on the first sliding rails 22, and a plurality of springs 61.

The structure to be damped 9 has a plurality of supporting frames 961 arranged on the foundation 96 and the mass 3, and the supporting frames 961 are used for the rack 4 and the damping unit 5 to be arranged.

The flywheel 54 is arranged between the transmission module 52 and the power generation module 53. Since the power generation module 53 and the flywheel 54 rotate coaxially, changing the position of the flywheel 54 does not change its operating characteristics.

Among them, the springs 61 are arranged on both sides of the mass 3 (the two sides along the vertical drawing direction), and are arranged horizontally (the direction of the vertical drawing surface), and one end of each spring 61 is arranged on the mass 3, The other end may be a setting seat (not shown) extending downward from the base plate 95, so that the spring 61 can expand and contract in a horizontal direction to provide a horizontal restoring force.

In this way, the fourth embodiment can also achieve the same purpose and effect as the first embodiment described above.

In summary, the electromagnetic damping device with flywheel of the present invention has the effect of unlimited stroke size, so it can indeed achieve the purpose of the invention.

However, the above are only examples of the present invention. When the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited by this, all simple equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the patent specification still belong to Within the scope of the patent for the present invention.

1: Electromagnetic damping device with flywheel 2: Slide rail unit 21: The first abutment 22: The first slide 23: second abutment 24: second slide 3: Mass 31: Set the shelf 4: rack 5: Damping unit 51: Gear 52: Transmission module 521: first drive shaft 522: Transmission Mechanism 523: second drive shaft 53: power generation module 531: Motor 532: variable resistor 54: Flywheel 6: Reset unit 61: Spring 62: steel cable 9: Structure to be damped 91: Floor 92: fixed wall 93: Upper Floor 94: Seismic isolation layer 95: base board 96: foundation 961: support frame 97: Floor 98: diagonal brace structure 99: platform L: damping direction X: The first damping direction Y: second damping direction

Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the embodiments with reference to the drawings, in which: 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of an electromagnetic damper device with a flywheel of the present invention applied to a structure to be damped; 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the first embodiment; Figure 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power generation module of the first embodiment; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of another application of the first embodiment; and 5 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the electromagnetic damping device with flywheel of the present invention applied to a structure to be damped; 6 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the electromagnetic damping device with a flywheel of the present invention applied to a structure to be damped; FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the third embodiment; 8 is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment using diagonal bracing installation method applied to the structure to be damped; and 9 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the electromagnetic damper device with flywheel of the present invention applied to a structure to be damped.

1: Electromagnetic damping device with flywheel

2: Slide rail unit

22: The first slide

3: Mass

31: Set the shelf

4: rack

5: Damping unit

51: Gear

52: Transmission module

521: first drive shaft

522: Transmission Mechanism

523: second drive shaft

53: power generation module

531: Motor

54: Flywheel

9: Structure to be damped

91: Floor

Claims (10)

An electromagnetic damping device with a flywheel is suitable for being installed in a structure to be damped and used to slow down the vibration of the structure to be damped in a direction of damping, including: A rack extending along the damping direction; and A damping unit capable of moving back and forth in the damping direction relative to the rack, including a gear that can be engaged with the rack to roll back and forth relative to the rack in the damping direction, and a gear provided at one end of the gear Transmission module, and a power generation module and a flywheel arranged at the other end of the transmission module. When the gear rotates, the gear drives the transmission module to rotate the power generation module to generate electricity, and the flywheel is driven by the power generation module Linked and rotated, and used to provide inertia. The electromagnetic damper device with a flywheel according to claim 1, wherein the power generation module has a motor that is linked by the transmission module to rotate and generate power and link the flywheel, and a current path connected in series to the motor Variable resistance. The electromagnetic damper device with a flywheel according to claim 2, wherein the transmission module has a first transmission shaft passing through the rotation axis of the gear, a speed change mechanism provided on the first transmission shaft, and A second transmission shaft linked by the transmission mechanism and provided for the power generation module and the flywheel; the transmission mechanism is used to increase the speed of the first transmission shaft and output via the second transmission shaft to drive the power generation module With that flywheel. The electromagnetic damper device with a flywheel according to claim 3, wherein the motor and the flywheel rotate coaxially. The electromagnetic damper device with a flywheel according to claim 3, wherein the extension direction of the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft is perpendicular to the damping direction. The electromagnetic damper device with a flywheel according to claim 3, wherein the speed change mechanism is a gear box. The electromagnetic damping device with a flywheel according to claim 2, further comprising a mass that can move in the damping direction relative to the structure to be damped, and the mass is used for one of the rack and the damping unit One is provided, and the other of the rack and the damping unit is suitable for setting the structure to be damped. The electromagnetic damping device with a flywheel according to claim 7, further comprising a slide rail unit extending along the damping direction and provided for the mass to move along the damping direction. The electromagnetic damping device with a flywheel according to claim 7, further comprising a resetting unit suitable for being arranged between the mass and a corresponding fixed end, and the resetting unit constantly provides a force for resetting the mass. The electromagnetic damper device with a flywheel according to claim 9, wherein the reset unit includes a plurality of springs whose two ends are respectively arranged on the mass and the corresponding fixed end.

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