JP2016033396A - Vibration isolation vibration damping apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vibration isolation vibration damping apparatus which prevents vibration due to operations of installed devices from being transmitted to an installation surface, and which is capable of producing vibration damping effects without amplifying vibration during occurrence of an earthquake.SOLUTION: A vibration isolation vibration damping apparatus includes: a first frame disposed on a horizontal installation surface with a seismic bearing interposed therebetween; a second frame that is disposed on the first frame with a vibration isolation member interposed therebetween and mounts installed devices thereon; and a displacement limiter that limits horizontal relative displacement between the first frame and the second frame. A restoration mechanism that restores horizontal relative movement of the first frame with respective to the installation surface may be disposed between the installation surface and the first frame.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration isolator.

  Conventionally, by installing equipment such as power generation equipment, transformer equipment, or outdoor air conditioners (hereinafter referred to as “equipment equipment”), it is possible to prevent the vibration caused by the operation of the equipment from being transmitted to the installation surface. Various shaking racks have been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1).

  Of the equipment, large equipment is generally provided on the ground floor or underground of a building. However, the ground floor and underground of buildings are easily damaged by tsunamis and other floods, and when floods occur, equipment may be submerged and become unusable.

JP-A-2-266135

In order to prevent submergence during floods, it is necessary to install equipment on the middle floor of the building.
As described above, the equipment is provided with a vibration isolator in order to suppress vibration during operation from being transmitted to other floors. In order to effectively suppress vibration generated by general equipment, it is required to use a vibration isolator having a natural frequency of 1 Hz to 15 Hz. However, the vibration isolator having such a natural frequency may resonate with the shaking of the installation surface when an earthquake occurs. When the vibration isolation frame resonates with the earthquake shaking, the equipment and the vibration isolation frame amplify the earthquake shaking, increasing the risk of the equipment falling over. In particular, when the equipment is provided on the middle floor, the amplified shaking is transmitted to the building, which may lead to the collapse of the building.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and it is possible to suppress vibrations due to the operation of equipment and equipment from being transmitted to the installation surface, and to reduce the vibration without amplifying the shaking when an earthquake occurs. The purpose is to provide an anti-vibration and vibration reduction device.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a vibration isolator of the present invention includes a first frame installed on a horizontal installation surface via a seismic isolation support, and a vibration isolation member on the first frame. A second pedestal that is installed and on which equipment is mounted; and a displacement limiter that limits a relative displacement in a horizontal direction between the first pedestal and the second pedestal.

  Further, in the above vibration isolator, the displacement limiter includes a collision member that protrudes upward from the first gantry and a projection member that projects downward from the second gantry, and the collision The member and the projecting member may be arranged via a gap, and the relative displacement between the first gantry and the second gantry may be limited to a distance of the gap or less.

  In addition, the vibration-proof and vibration-damping device is provided between the installation surface and the first frame, and includes a restoration mechanism that restores the relative movement of the first frame relative to the installation surface in the horizontal direction. You may have.

  In the above-mentioned vibration-proof and vibration-damping device, the restoration mechanism may be provided between the installation surface and the first gantry and have a telescopic spring extending in the horizontal direction.

  In the above-mentioned vibration-proof and vibration-damping device, the restoration mechanism may include a laminated rubber attached between the installation surface and the first gantry.

  Further, the vibration isolator and vibration isolator includes a plate member in which the seismic isolation bearing is fixed to the installation surface, a column extending downward from the first frame, and a sliding member attached to the lower surface of the column. , And a sliding bearing that supports the support column at a contact portion between the plate member and the sliding member.

  In addition, in the above-described vibration-proof and vibration-damping device, an attenuation device that attenuates the relative vibrations may be provided between the first frame and the second frame.

In the vibration isolator of the present invention, the second frame is installed on the first frame via the vibration isolation member, and the facility device is mounted on the second frame. Vibration is absorbed by the vibration-proof member and is not transmitted to the installation surface.
Moreover, the vibration isolator is installed on the installation surface through the seismic isolation bearing, so that the first frame can freely move on the horizontal plane. Furthermore, since a displacement limiter that suppresses the relative displacement between the first frame and the second frame is provided, when vibration due to an earthquake occurs, the first frame and the second frame are After reaching the limit of displacement limit by the displacement limiter, it works as one. By integrating with the displacement limiter, the vibration isolating member between the first frame and the second frame does not vibrate at the natural frequency. Therefore, an inertial force is not generated with respect to the shaking of the earthquake so as to amplify the shaking of the earthquake, and it is possible to prevent the equipment and equipment from falling over and to prevent the building from being damaged.

It is a top view which shows the vibration isolator which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a front view which shows the vibration isolator which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a side view which shows the vibration isolator which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a bottom view which shows the vibration isolator which concerns on one Embodiment. In the bottom view shown in FIG. 4, the anti-vibration vibration isolator shows a state in which the first mount is displaced in the + X direction. It is a front view which shows the decompression | restoration apparatus employable for the vibration isolator which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a front view of the leveling valve of the vibration isolator which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the X direction displacement limiter of the vibration isolator which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the Y direction displacement limiter of the vibration isolator which concerns on one Embodiment. FIG. 10A is a diagram for explaining the operation when an earthquake occurs in the vibration isolator according to an embodiment and the vibration is transmitted from the installation surface to the vibration isolator; FIG. Fig. 10 (b) shows the anti-vibration vibration reduction device when a small-medium scale earthquake occurs, and Fig. 10 (c) shows the large-scale earthquake occurrence. The vibration isolator is shown. It is a figure which shows the test result which input the earthquake model of the Great East Japan Earthquake to the vibration isolator which concerns on one Embodiment, FIG. 11 (a) is a waveform which shows the acceleration with respect to the time of the input earthquake, FIG. b) is a waveform showing acceleration with respect to time of the second gantry.

Hereinafter, the vibration isolator 1 according to an embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In addition, in the drawings used in the following description, in order to make the features easy to understand, there are cases where the portions that become the features are enlarged for the sake of convenience, and the dimensional ratios of the respective components are not always the same as the actual ones. Absent.
In each drawing, an XYZ coordinate system in which the horizontal direction is the XY plane is described as necessary. In the present specification, each direction is defined along these coordinate systems.

In FIGS. 1-4, the vibration isolator 1 of this embodiment is shown as a top view, a front view, a side view, and a bottom view, respectively.
The vibration isolator 1 is installed on an installation surface G, and includes a first frame 10, a second frame 20, a sliding bearing (seismic isolation bearing) 30, a restoring mechanism 40, an air spring (anti-vibration). Member) 50, displacement limiters 60 and 70, and an attenuation device 80.
The vibration isolator 1 has a structure in which a first gantry 10 and a second gantry 20 are stacked in order from the installation surface G upward. The anti-vibration and vibration reduction device 1 is installed as an installation surface G on the second floor or higher floor of the building. In addition, facility equipment M such as a generator and a transformer is mounted on the second mount 20.
Below, each part of the vibration isolator 1 of this embodiment is demonstrated in detail.

<First stand>
As shown in FIG. 4, the first gantry 10 is a member having a rectangular frame shape in a plan view, and four gantry columns (columns) 11 arranged at corners are bridged and joined to each other. The four frame members 12 are provided. The frame member 12 is an H-shaped steel arranged so that the flanges are vertically located.

Sliding bearings 30 are provided at the bottom of the gantry column 11. In addition, air springs 50 are respectively attached to the upper portions of the gantry columns 11.
The internal space of the gantry post 11 is a sealed cavity, which is an air tank in which high-pressure air is stored. The air tank is connected to the air spring 50 by a tube (not shown), and can supply high-pressure air to the air spring 50.

<Second stand>
As shown in FIG. 1, the second frame 20 has a shape in which three frame members 21 extending in parallel with the X axis and four frame members 21 extending in parallel with the Y axis are combined and joined. doing. The frame member 21 is H-shaped steel that is arranged so that the flanges are vertically arranged, like the frame member 12 of the first gantry 10.

The second gantry 20 is supported on the first gantry 10 via four air springs 50.
A mounting surface 20 a on which the equipment device M can be mounted is formed on the second gantry 20. The equipment M is mounted on the mounting surface 20a by being fixed with bolts or the like. The facility device M is, for example, a power generation device, and generates vibration accompanying rotation of an engine that is a power source. The second gantry 20 vibrates together with the equipment device M by being fixed to the equipment device M.

The frame member 12 constituting the first gantry 10 and the frame member 21 constituting the second gantry 20 are formed by forming a rust-proof treated steel or FRP material into a rectangular frame. Unless otherwise specified in the present embodiment, the frame members 12, 21 constituting the first and second mounts 20 are assumed to be rust-proof H steel.
Note that the material and shape of each frame member 12, 21, the number of members constituting the first gantry 10, the second gantry 20, and the like are the weight of the equipment M fixed to the second gantry 20 and the relevant equipment. It is desirable to determine appropriately according to the vibration characteristic of M.

<Sliding support (Seismic isolation support)>
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a sliding bearing 30 is provided between the installation surface G and the first frame 10, and the first frame 10 is supported on the installation surface G by the sliding bearing 30. Yes.
The installation surface G is a building floor slab. A steel plate (plate material) 2 is fixed to the installation surface G with anchor bolts (not shown) or the like, and a sliding bearing 30 is mounted on the steel plate 2. The steel plate 2 is a plate material made of, for example, stainless steel. The area on the upper surface of the steel plate 2 where the sliding bearing 30 is mounted is smooth and is not coated. Thereby, the friction coefficient with the sliding member 32 which is the contact part of the sliding bearing 30 is reduced.

The sliding bearing 30 includes a pedestal portion 31 and a sliding member 32 fixed to the pedestal portion 31.
The pedestal portion 31 is provided at the lower part of the four gantry columns 11 extending vertically downward from the first gantry 10.

As shown in FIG. 4, three attachment holes 31 a for attaching the sliding member 32 are provided on the lower surface of each pedestal portion 31.
The sliding member 32 has a cylindrical shape and is fitted so as to slightly protrude from the mounting hole 31 a of the pedestal portion 31. The sliding member 32 is made of a material having a low coefficient of friction with the steel plate 2 and, for example, a thermoplastic resin such as nylon can be used.
The sliding member 32 is interposed between the lower surface of the pedestal portion 31 and the steel plate 2 and supports the constituent members above the pedestal portion 31. The sliding member 32 is fixed by the mounting hole 31 a of the pedestal portion 31 and is not fixed to the steel plate 2. Therefore, the sliding member 32 can slide on the steel plate 2 and move together with the constituent members above the pedestal portion 31.

  Since the first gantry 10 is supported by the steel plate 2 on the installation surface G via the sliding support 30, it can easily slide in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. Therefore, when an earthquake occurs, the movement of the installation surface G in the X and Y directions is exempted, and the shaking of the earthquake is not easily transmitted to the first frame 10.

  In the vibration isolator 1 of the present embodiment, the sliding bearing 30 is adopted as the seismic isolation bearing, but the first frame 10 is moved with respect to the installation surface G in the XY plane direction with low resistance. If it is a seismic isolation bearing that can do, it is not limited to that configuration. As an example, a rolling bearing may be adopted instead of the sliding bearing 30. When adopting a rolling bearing, a single or plural steel balls are interposed between the lower surface of the pedestal 31 and the steel plate 2, and the components above the pedestal 31 are moved according to the rolling of the steel balls. Move.

<Restoration mechanism>
The restoration mechanism 40 is provided between the installation surface G and the first frame 10. The restoring mechanism 40 includes a column 42 extending upward from the installation surface G, four spring holding members 43 fixed to the first frame 10, and eight connecting the column 42 and the spring holding member 43. Expansion spring 41.

  The column 42 is formed to protrude upward from the center of the steel plate 2 fixed to the installation surface G in plan view. The column body 42 is not directly fixed to the first gantry 10, and is connected to the first gantry 10 by an elastic spring 41.

  Four spring holding members 43 are provided in the lower part of the first frame 10 and are fixed so as to protrude downward. Each spring holding member is arranged so as to surround the periphery of the pillar body 42 at intervals of 90 ° around the pillar body 42.

  The elastic spring 41 is disposed so as to extend in the horizontal direction between the steel plate 2 and the first frame 10. The extension spring 41 is provided so as to connect between the column body 42 and the spring holding member 43 as a pair of two arranged in parallel. Accordingly, the four pairs of expansion springs 41 are arranged so as to extend radially in four directions around the column body 42 in plan view.

The restoring mechanism 40 applies a force (restoring force) in a direction opposite to the displacement when the first gantry 10 moves (displaces) with respect to the steel plate 2 on the installation surface G by the action of the sliding bearing 30. It has a role to restore the position.
Further, the restoration mechanism 40 connects the first gantry 10 and the installation surface G via the spring holding member 43, thereby limiting the maximum amount of horizontal displacement relative to the installation surface G of the first gantry 10. Have a role.

5 corresponds to FIG. 4 and shows a bottom view of the vibration isolator 1 when the first gantry 10 moves in the + X direction with respect to the installation surface G. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, when the first gantry 10 moves in the + X direction, among the plurality of expansion springs 41 provided between the steel plate 2 fixed to the installation surface G and the first gantry 10, the column The telescopic spring 41 disposed on the + X side with respect to the body 42 is compressed, and the telescopic spring 41 disposed on the −X side with respect to the column body 42 is extended, so that the restoring force in the −X direction is applied to the first frame 10. give.

  As described above, since the sliding support 30 and the restoring mechanism 40 are provided between the first mount 10 and the installation surface G, the first mount 10 is made relative to the installation surface G by the function of the slide support 30. To make it difficult to transmit earthquake vibration to the first gantry 10 and to restore the posture to the first gantry 10 by applying a restoring force according to the moving distance (displacement) to the first gantry 10 by the restoring mechanism 40. Can be made.

  5 illustrates the case where the first gantry 10 moves in the + X direction with respect to the installation surface G, but the first gantry 10 in the −X direction, the + Y direction, or the −Y direction by the same action. Even when is moved, a restoring force corresponding to the displacement can be applied.

The restoration device employed in the vibration isolator 1 may employ a restoration mechanism 140 shown in FIG. 6 in place of the restoration mechanism 40 having a coiled expansion / contraction spring as in the present embodiment.
The restoring mechanism 140 is a so-called laminated rubber, and includes a laminated portion 141 in which thin rubber layers and steel plates are alternately laminated, and flanges 142 and 143 fixed up and down.
As shown in FIG. 6, the lower flange 142 of the restoring mechanism 140 is fixed to the steel plate 2 fixed to the installation surface G. The upper flange 143 is fixed to the first mount 10.

  The restoring mechanism 140 applies a restoring force corresponding to the amount of displacement of the first gantry 10 with respect to the installation surface G to the first gantry 10 to return the first gantry 10 to the original position. Further, the restoration mechanism 140 limits the maximum amount of horizontal displacement with respect to the installation surface G of the first gantry 10. In addition, the restoration mechanism 140 made of laminated rubber has a high horizontal vibration damping effect and can effectively attenuate the vibration of the first gantry 10.

When the first mount 10 moves relative to the steel plate 2 on the installation surface G, the upper flange 143 and the lower flange 142 of the restoring mechanism 140 move relatively. At this time, the restoring mechanism 140 applies a restoring force to the first gantry 10 in a direction opposite to the relative movement.
The form of the restoration mechanism is not limited as long as it is a mechanism that provides a restoring force according to the movement of the first gantry 10.

Further, instead of the restoring mechanisms 40 and 140, a displacement limiting mechanism for limiting the maximum displacement amount with respect to the installation surface G of the first gantry 10 may be provided. Such a displacement limiting mechanism does not have an effect of restoring the position of the first gantry 10 to the original position as compared with the restoring mechanism 40.
When long-period ground motion is assumed as the vibration of the earthquake, it may be advantageous as a seismic isolation structure not to provide a horizontal restoring mechanism. In such a case, it is preferable to provide the displacement limiting mechanism described above.

<Air spring (anti-vibration member)>
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the air spring 50 is provided on the gantry column 11 which is the four corners of the first gantry 10 and supports the second gantry 20. In this embodiment, the working fluid of the air spring 50 is air, but is not limited thereto.

  The gantry post 11 on which the air spring 50 is mounted is provided with an air tank filled with high-pressure air that is a working fluid. Further, a leveling valve 51 for controlling the flow of air as a working fluid is provided in the air spring 50 on the side surface of the gantry support column 11. The air spring 50 and the leveling valve 51, and the leveling valve 51 and the air tank inside the gantry post 11 are connected by a tube (not shown). Therefore, the air spring 50 and the air tank of the gantry post 11 are connected via the leveling valve 51.

FIG. 7 shows a front view of the leveling valve 51.
The leveling valve 51 includes a valve portion 52 that includes a control valve that controls the flow of air between the air spring 50 and the air tank of the gantry post 11, a lever portion 53 that extends horizontally from the valve portion 52, and the lever portion. A connecting shaft 54 that extends vertically upward from the front end of the head and is attached to the second gantry 20 at the opposite end. Both ends of the connecting shaft 54 are rotatable link mechanisms. When the distance between the first mount 10 and the second mount 20 changes, the connecting shaft 54 moves up and down accordingly, and the lever portion 53 moves to the valve portion 52. Rotate around.

In the initial state, the lever portion 53 is horizontal. In the state where the lever portion 53 is horizontal, the control valve inside the valve portion 52 is closed.
When the vertical distance between the first gantry 10 and the second gantry 20 approaches, the connecting shaft 54 is lowered downward, and the lever portion 53 is inclined to the lower right in the front view shown in FIG. Thereby, the control valve of the air supplied from the air tank to the air spring 50 is opened inside the valve portion 52. By supplying air to the air spring 50, the second frame 20 is raised, and at the same time, the connecting shaft 54 is raised and the lever portion 53 is gradually rotated counterclockwise. The lever portion 53 becomes horizontal when the distance from the first mount 10 is within a predetermined range, and the control valve of the valve portion 52 is automatically closed.

  When the vertical distance between the first gantry 10 and the second gantry 20 is greater than a predetermined distance, the lever 53 is inclined to the upper right in the front view shown in FIG. . At this time, in the valve portion 52, the control valve is opened so that air is extracted from the air spring 50. When the air is extracted from the air spring 50, the second frame 20 is lowered, and at the same time, the connecting shaft 54 is lowered and the lever portion 53 is gradually rotated to the right. The lever portion 53 becomes horizontal when the distance from the first mount 10 is within a predetermined range, and the control valve of the valve portion 52 is automatically closed.

  The leveling valve 51 supplies and discharges air to and from the air spring 50 in conjunction with a change in the distance between the first frame 10 and the second frame 20. Thereby, the air pressure of the air spring 50 is adjusted to keep the distance between the first frame 10 and the second frame 20 constant.

  The air spring 50 is set to have characteristics such that vibrations in all directions (that is, vibrations in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction) of the second gantry 20 due to the vibration of the equipment M are not transmitted to the first gantry 10. More specifically, the air spring 50 preferably has a natural frequency of 1 Hz to 15 Hz in both the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. Thereby, the vibration of the equipment M is hardly transmitted to the first mount 10.

The vibration isolator 1 may employ a vibration isolating member that replaces the air spring 50 and has another structure having elasticity. For example, instead of the air spring 50, a column spring made of an elastic member such as a coil spring that stretches or contracts in the vertical direction or rubber may be employed.
The anti-vibration member that supports the second gantry 20 has an appropriate elastic coefficient and damping coefficient so that vibration during operation of the equipment M on the second gantry 20 is not transmitted to the first gantry 10. It is preferable to employ a member.

<Attenuation device>
As shown in FIG. 2, the damping device 80 is a hydraulic damper composed of a rod and a cylinder. The attenuating device 80 is provided at four locations on the top view peripheral edge of the vibration isolator 1. The attenuation device 80 is arranged in the vertical direction so as to connect the first frame 10 and the second frame 20. The attenuation device 80 has a lower end 81 connected to the first frame 10 and an upper end 82 connected to the second frame 20. The lower end portion 81 and the upper end portion 82 are rotatably connected to the first and second mounts 10 and 20. Thereby, when the 1st mount frame 10 and the 2nd mount frame 20 are going to move relative to a perpendicular direction or a horizontal direction, the damping device 80 produces the reaction force according to a moving speed. Thereby, the damping device 80 attenuates the vibration between the first gantry 10 and the second gantry 20.

When an earthquake occurs and a large vibration is applied to the vibration-proof and vibration-damping device 1, the damping device 80 uses the second frame according to the relative moving speed between the first frame 10 and the second frame 20. The vibration applied to 20 is damped.
In addition, the damping device 80 can also attenuate the vibration generated when the equipment device M is operated to suppress the propagation of the vibration to the first gantry 10.
In addition, since the air spring 50 has an effect which attenuates the vibration of the equipment M, the damping device 80 can be omitted.

<Displacement limiter>
The X-direction displacement limiter (displacement limiter) 60 and the Y-direction displacement limiter (displacement limiter) 70 are provided between the first frame 10 and the second frame 20, respectively. The relative movement of the second gantry 20 in the X direction and the relative movement in the Y direction are restricted.

  The X-direction displacement limiter 60 includes a collision member 61 and a projecting member 62, and four X-direction displacement limiters 60 are arranged between the first frame 10 and the second frame 20. The collision member 61 is provided on the frame member 12 parallel to the X axis of the first gantry 10, and the protruding member 62 is provided on the frame member 21 parallel to the X axis of the second gantry 20.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing two X-direction displacement limiters 60 (regulation set 65) arranged on the same axis.
The collision member 61 is provided so as to protrude upward from the first frame 10. The collision member 61 is fixed to the standing plate 61b, the fixing plate 61a and the standing plate 61b combined in an L shape, the reinforcing rib 61d joined between the fixing plate 61a and the standing plate 61b, and the standing plate 61b. It has an impact buffer plate 61e and a fixing bolt 61c.
The fixing plate 61a is provided with a through hole and is fixed to the frame member 12 of the first gantry 10 by a bolt 61c.
The standing plate 61 b is disposed to face the protruding member 62. An impact buffer plate 61e is bonded and fixed to the surface of the standing plate 61b facing the protruding member 62.

  The protruding member 62 is a prism that protrudes downward from the second gantry 20. One of the four side surfaces of the protruding member 62 is a facing surface 62 a that faces the standing plate 61 b of the collision member 61.

A gap 69 having a distance WX is provided in the X-axis direction between the shock absorbing plate 61e fixed to the standing plate 61b of the collision member 61 and the facing surface 62a of the protruding member 62.
The four X-direction displacement limiters 60 constitute one set of restriction sets 65 shown in FIG. 8 with two X-direction displacement limiters 60 arranged on an axis parallel to the X-axis. The X-direction displacement limiters 60 of the restriction set 65 are arranged so that the positions of the protruding member 62 and the collision member 61 are reversed along the X axis. Therefore, even when the first frame 10 and the second frame 20 are relatively moved in the + X direction or when they are relatively moved in the −X direction, one of the X-direction displacement limiters 60 is activated. , Can restrict relative movement.

The Y-direction displacement limiter 70 includes a first collision member 71 </ b> A, a second collision member 71 </ b> B, and a protruding member 72, and two Y-direction displacement limiters 70 are disposed between the first frame 10 and the second frame 20. Yes.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the Y direction displacement limiter 70.
The first and second collision members 71A and 71B are provided on the frame member 12 parallel to the Y axis of the first gantry 10, respectively, and project to the second gantry 20 side (that is, upward). The protruding member 72 is provided on the frame member 21 parallel to the Y axis of the second gantry 20 and protrudes toward the first gantry 10 (ie, downward).
The first collision member 71A and the second collision member 71B are arranged to face each other with the protruding member 72 interposed therebetween.

The first and second collision members 71A and 71B of the Y-direction displacement limiter 70 have the same structure as that of the X-direction displacement limiter 60, and the fixed plate 71a and the standing plate 71b combined in an L shape. And a reinforcing rib 71d joined between the fixed plate 71a and the standing plate 71b, an impact buffer plate 71e fixed to the standing plate 71b, and a bolt 71c.
In addition, the protruding member 72 of the Y-direction displacement limiter 70 is a prism that protrudes downward from the second gantry 20, similarly to the X-direction displacement limiter 60. Of the four side surfaces of the projecting member 72, two opposite side surfaces are a first facing surface 72a facing the standing plate 71b of the first collision member 71A and a standing surface of the second collision member 71A. It is the 2nd opposing surface 72b which opposes the board 71b.

A gap 79 </ b> A is provided in the Y-axis direction between the first collision member 71 </ b> A and the first facing surface 72 a of the protruding member 72. Similarly, a gap 79B in the Y-axis direction is provided between the second collision member 71B and the second facing surface 72b of the protruding member 72. The size of the gaps 79A and 79B is a distance WY in the Y-axis direction.
The Y-direction displacement limiter 70 has a collision member 71A, a gap 79A, 79B in the Y-axis direction on the first and second opposing surfaces 72a, 72b, which are surfaces opposite to each other, of one projecting member 72. 71B is arranged. Therefore, even if the first mount 10 and the second mount 20 are moved relative to each other in the + Y direction, the relative movement can be restricted.

The distance WX of the gap 69 of the X direction displacement limiter 60 and the distance WY of the gaps 79A and 79B of the Y direction displacement limiter 70 can be made the same size.
The distance WX and the distance WY are larger than the amplitude in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction of vibration caused by the operation of the equipment M. Thereby, even when the second gantry 20 vibrates with the vibration of the equipment M, this vibration may be transmitted to the first gantry 10 via the X-direction displacement limiter 60 and the Y-direction displacement limiter 70. Absent.
In addition, the distance WX and the distance WY are preferably as small as possible within a range that ensures the ease of attachment, and are at least smaller than the amplitude in the X-axis direction of the assumed earthquake vibration. As a result, when vibration due to an earthquake is input to the first gantry 10, the collision member 61 of the X direction displacement limiter 60 collides with the protruding member 62, or the collision members 71A and 71A of the Y direction displacement limiter 70. And the projecting member 72 collide with each other. As a result, the first frame 10 and the second frame 20 move together. Since the first gantry 10 and the second gantry 20 are integrated, the relative movement between the first and second gantry 10 and 20 is suppressed, and vibration is not amplified.
Furthermore, the distance WX and the distance WY are preferably set to be smaller than the amplitudes in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction in which the air spring 50 can buckle in order to prevent the air spring 50 from buckling.

The distance WX in the X-axis direction of the gap 69 of the X-direction displacement limiter 60 and the distance WY in the Y-axis direction of the gaps 79A and 79B of the Y-direction displacement limiter 70 can be 5 cm as an example.
The amplitude of vibration of the equipment M is generally 1 cm or less in the horizontal direction (XY plane direction). If it is about 5 cm, adjustment is easy and sufficient vibration-proofing effect can be acquired. The distances WX and WY of the gaps 69, 79A, and 79B may be determined according to the magnitude of the earthquake assumed in the design stage.

  The shock absorbing plate 61e of the X-direction displacement limiter 60 and the shock absorbing plate 71e of the Y-direction displacement limiter 70 are made of materials having both elasticity and damping properties. For example, materials such as damping rubber and high-damping thermoplastic elastomer resin can be applied. When a large vibration is applied in the vertical direction due to an earthquake or the like, the collision members 61, 71A, 71B collide with the projecting members 62, 72 via the shock buffer plates 61e, 71e, and the shock of the earthquake is reduced. Can attenuate earthquake energy.

<Other configurations>
The vibration isolator 1 of this embodiment has a vertical displacement limiter 90, as shown in FIG. The vertical direction displacement limiters 90 are provided at four locations on the top view peripheral edge of the vibration isolator 1.
The vertical displacement limiter 90 includes a drooping shaft 91 that hangs downward from the second gantry 20, a locking end 92 provided at the lower end of the drooping shaft 91, and a drooping shaft 91 that is provided on the first gantry 10. And a locking piece 93 provided with an insertion hole for insertion.
The vertical displacement limiter 90 is disposed so that the first frame 10 and the second frame 20 are not too far apart from each other in the vertical direction.

Further, the vibration isolator 1 may have a steel rod damper (not shown) between the installation surface G and the first mount 10. In this case, the steel rod damper is a steel rod, one end of which is fixed to the first mount 10 and the other end is fixed to the installation surface G, and extends in the horizontal direction.
When an earthquake occurs and the first gantry 10 starts to vibrate in the horizontal direction with respect to the installation surface G, the steel rod damper repeats plastic deformation and attenuates the vibration of the first gantry 10.

<Action>
Next, the operation of the vibration isolator 1 will be described.
10 (a) to 10 (c), the operation when an earthquake occurs and the vibration is transmitted from the installation surface G to the vibration isolator 1 will be described.

Fig.10 (a) is a figure which shows the vibration isolator 1 before an earthquake occurrence (steady state). The displacement limiter 60 of the vibration isolator 1 is in a state where a gap 69 is formed between the collision member 61 and the protruding member 62.
Note that the displacement limiter (X-direction displacement limiter) 60 and the Y-direction displacement limiter 70 arranged orthogonally in plan view are not shown in FIG. However, similarly to the displacement limiter 60, the Y-direction displacement limiter 70 is in a state in which gaps 79A and 79B are formed between the collision members 71A and 71B and the protruding member 72.
In the following description, description of the Y-direction displacement limiter 70 is omitted, but the same operation as the displacement limiter 60 is performed with respect to vibration in the Y-axis direction.

Since the gap 69 is provided between the collision member 61 and the protruding member 62 of the displacement limiter 60, the first frame 10 and the second frame 20 are separated from each other in the displacement limiter 60. Yes. That is, the second frame 20 is supported on the first frame 10 only by the air spring 50.
Accordingly, the vibration of the equipment M mounted on the second gantry 20 is transmitted to the first gantry 10 via the air spring 50. By the vibration being absorbed by the air spring 50, the vibration of the equipment M is hardly transmitted to the first mount 10 and the installation surface G on which the first mount 10 is mounted.

Next, the behavior of the vibration isolator 1 when an earthquake occurs will be described.
FIG. 10B shows a case where a small-scale or medium-scale earthquake having a seismic intensity of 1 to 4, for example, has occurred, and an inertial force in the + X direction is applied to the vibration isolator 1 on the installation surface G. It is a figure shown about operation | movement.

When the magnitude of the earthquake is small (that is, the acceleration of the input vibration is small), the static frictional force between the steel plate 2 fixed to the installation surface G and the sliding member 32 of the sliding bearing 30 is caused by the vibration of the earthquake. The sliding bearing 30 does not slide. In this case, the first gantry 10 does not move with respect to the installation surface G.
Further, the second gantry 20 is moved by a distance X1 with respect to the first gantry 10. This distance X1 is smaller than the distance WX (see FIG. 8) which is the size of the gap 69 between the collision member 61 and the protruding member 62 of the X-direction displacement limiter 60. Therefore, the X-direction displacement limiter 60 does not collide.

  In such a state, the vibration due to the earthquake suppresses the shaking with the air spring 50 provided between the first frame 10 and the second frame 20 with the lateral rigidity. Therefore, it is difficult for vibration of a large acceleration to be transmitted to the second gantry 20, and damage or overturning of the equipment M can be prevented. In addition, the vertical and horizontal vibrations caused by the earthquake are damped by the damping effect of the air spring 50 and the damping device 80.

  When the shaking due to the earthquake is large, the amplitude of the second gantry 20 with respect to the first gantry 10 increases, and when the collision member 61 and the projecting member 62 of the X-direction displacement limiter 60 collide, The sliding support 30 is slid, and the state shown in FIG.

  FIG. 10C is a diagram illustrating an operation when a large-scale earthquake having a seismic intensity of 5 or more occurs and an inertia force in the + X direction is applied to the vibration isolator 1 on the installation surface G.

By the action of the sliding bearing 30, the first frame 10 moves by X2 in the + X direction with respect to the installation surface G.
Further, the second gantry 20 moves relative to the first gantry 10 in the + X direction. The second gantry 20 moves relative to the first gantry 10 by a distance WX that is the size of the gap 69 between the collision member 61 and the protruding member 62 of the X-direction displacement limiter 60. One of the displacement limiters 60 (the right-side displacement limiter 60 in FIG. 10C) is operated, and the collision member 61 and the protruding member 62 come into contact with each other. As a result, the relative movement of the second gantry 20 with respect to the first gantry 10 is restricted, and the second gantry 20 moves in the + X direction together with the first gantry 10.

The displacement limiter 60 operates so that the second pedestal 20 restricts relative movement with the first pedestal 10, so that the air spring 50 is not buckled, and the second pedestal 20 is Can be prevented from sliding off from the gantry 10.
Moreover, since the 1st mount 10 operate | moves united with the 2nd mount 20, the installation equipment M mounted in the vibration isolator 1 can acquire the seismic isolation effect by the sliding bearing 30. FIG. Therefore, the vibration in the + X direction of the installation surface G is transmitted only to the vibration with a small amplitude corresponding to the gap 69 and the vibration at the time of the collision between the collision member 61 of the displacement limiter 60 and the protruding member 62. A large vibration is received by the sliding bearing 30 and does not affect the equipment M. Thereby, the risk that the equipment M falls down can be greatly reduced.

In addition, since the equipment M and the installation surface G are separated by the sliding bearing 30, the vibration of the building is not amplified by the weight of the equipment M and its vibration.
Further, the vertical vibration caused by the earthquake is damped by the elastic effect of the air spring 50 and the damping effect of the damping device 80.

The vibration isolator 1 and the equipment M may be provided on the middle floor of the building.
In general, the shaking on the middle floor during an earthquake is greater than the shaking of the earthquake on the ground. This is because the vibration is amplified by the natural frequency of the building itself on the middle floor. As an example, a 1G earthquake is amplified to 2G-3G shaking on the middle floor.

  From such a situation, it is known that if a heavy equipment M is installed on the middle floor, it will easily fall over due to a large shake. In addition, because of the large weight on the middle floor, the building is more likely to amplify the shaking of the earthquake, and there is a risk that the building cannot withstand the shaking of the earthquake due to the amplified shaking and the weight of the equipment M. It is known to increase.

  On the other hand, the installation of the equipment M in the vibration isolator 1 of the present embodiment does not amplify the shaking of the earthquake, so the equipment M can be installed on the middle floor of the building. It becomes possible. By installing on the middle floor, it is possible to prevent the equipment M from being submerged even when a flood such as a tsunami occurs.

<Effect on earthquake input>
FIG. 11A shows a waveform of acceleration in the X direction of a seismic wave modeling an earthquake in the Tohoku region in the Great East Japan Earthquake of March 11, 2011. FIG. 11B shows the waveform of the acceleration of the second gantry 20 when this seismic wave is subjected to an input test to the vibration isolator 1 of the present embodiment. Note that a weight of 6000 kg was loaded and fixed on the second gantry 20 as if it were the equipment M. The unit of acceleration on the vertical axis of the graphs shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B is Gal and can be expressed as “cm / s ² ”.
Here, although not shown in the figure, a waveform similar to the input was observed also in the Y direction.

In the waveform shown in FIG. 11 (b), the X-direction displacement limiter 60 operates at the portion where the acceleration has risen locally (for example, the portion indicated by the symbol α in FIG. 11 (b)) and protrudes from the collision member 61. This is the acceleration observed at the moment when the member 62 collides. In addition, almost no acceleration occurs at times other than the sudden large acceleration described above.
In this way, the second gantry 20 is suppressed from continuously oscillating acceleration, although suddenly large acceleration occurs at the time of collision. That is, the equipment apparatus M mounted on the vibration isolator 1 is not continuously shaken. The equipment M on the second gantry 20 does not amplify earthquake vibration.
Therefore, if the second gantry 20 and the equipment device M are firmly fixed against a large acceleration that is suddenly applied, the vibration of the equipment device M can be suppressed without being amplified.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention and its modification were demonstrated, each of these composition, those combinations, etc. are examples, and addition, abbreviation, substitution, and composition of composition are within the range which does not deviate from the meaning of the present invention. Other changes are possible. The present invention is not limited by this embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Vibration isolator, 2 ... Steel plate (plate material), 10 ... 1st mount, 11 ... Mount support | pillar (support | pillar), 12 ... Frame member, 20 ... 2nd mount, 20a ... Mounting surface, 21 ... Frame member, 30 ... sliding bearing (seismic isolation bearing), 31 ... pedestal, 31a ... mounting hole, 32 ... sliding member, 40 ... restoring mechanism, 41 ... telescopic spring, 42 ... pillar body, 43 ... spring holding member, 50 ... Air spring (vibration isolation member) 51 ... Leveling valve 52 ... Valve part 53 ... Lever part 54 ... Connection shaft 60 ... X-direction displacement limiter (displacement limiter) 61, 71A, 71B ... Colliding member 61a , 71a ... fixed plate, 61b, 71b ... standing plate, 61c, 71c ... bolt, 61d, 71d ... reinforcing rib, 61e, 71e ... impact buffer plate, 62, 72 ... projecting member, 62a, 72a, 72b ... opposite surface 65 ... Regulation set 68 9, 79A, 79B ... Gap, 70 ... Y-direction displacement limiter (displacement limiter), 80 ... Attenuator, 81 ... Lower end, 82 ... Upper end, 90 ... Vertical displacement limiter, 91 ... Drop shaft, 92 ... Locking end part, 93 ... Locking piece, 140 ... Restoration mechanism, 141 ... Laminated part, 142, 143 ... Flange, G ... Installation surface, M ... Equipment, WX, WY, X1, X2 ... Distance

Claims (7)

A first frame installed on a horizontal installation surface via a seismic isolation bearing;
A second pedestal mounted on the first pedestal via a vibration isolating member and mounting equipment;
A vibration isolator having a displacement limiter for limiting a relative displacement in a horizontal direction between the first frame and the second frame. The displacement limiter is
A collision member protruding upward from the first frame;
A projecting member projecting downward from the second frame,
The collision member and the protruding member are arranged with a gap between them,
The vibration isolation and vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein relative displacement between the first frame and the second frame is limited to be equal to or less than the distance of the gap.   3. The restoration mechanism according to claim 1, further comprising a restoring mechanism that is provided between the installation surface and the first gantry and restores a relative movement of the first gantry in the horizontal direction with respect to the installation surface. Anti-vibration and vibration reduction device.   The vibration isolation and vibration damping device according to claim 3, wherein the restoring mechanism includes a telescopic spring attached between the installation surface and the first mount and extending in a horizontal direction.   The vibration isolator and vibration damping device according to claim 3, wherein the restoration mechanism includes a laminated rubber attached between the installation surface and the first frame. The seismic isolation bearing is
A plate material fixed to the installation surface;
A column extending downward from the first frame;
A sliding member attached to the lower surface of the column,
The vibration-proof and vibration-damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the vibration-proof and vibration-damping device is a sliding bearing that supports the column at a contact portion between the plate member and the sliding member.   The anti-vibration reduction as described in any one of Claims 1-6 with which the damping device which attenuates these relative vibrations is provided between the said 1st mount frame and the said 2nd mount frame. Seismic device.

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