JP2012044961A - Gravel culture method, and method for producing container made of tuffaceous sandstone powder - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gravel culture method solving the problem that conventional gravel culture employs ordinary gravel such as andesite and/or granite, the gravel itself only supports the roots of a grown plant and has little water absorption or root-adherent property, and that water is intermittently given, and therefore the plant runs dry when water supply gets scarce.SOLUTION: The gravel culture method comprises: planting a plant to be cultivated or sowing seeds of the plant in something charged with a porous granulated burnt product produced by granulating tuffaceous sandstone powder and burning the granulated one, into an unglazed flower pot or a container burnt using the tuffaceous sandstone powder; soaking the plant together with the flower pot or the container in a water tank in which water is shallowly filled; and cultivating the plant by mixing solid fertilizer with the porous granulated burnt product or adding liquid fertilizer to water for fertilizer application. The porous granulated burnt product made of tuffaceous sandstone powder has good absorption to naturally absorb water, so that the water is gradually supplied to the plant.

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a novel gravel cultivation method and a method for producing a container made of granite stone powder for gravel cultivation used in this method.

  Gravel cultivation is a method of cultivating crops by using gravel instead of soil and spraying a culture solution on it, and it is widely used for cultivation of tomatoes, radish and potatoes. However, the conventional one is a facility gardening that requires a large-scale device, and there is no one that can be easily used at home. In addition, as far as investigated by IPDL, there are only 2 patent applications in the utility model, and only 1 in which gravel is depicted in the drawings. Patent Document 1).

Published Utility Model No. 62-181139

  However, this technique is one in which a siphon is charged inside a flower pot and is completely unrelated to the present invention. Therefore, the present inventor has come up with the idea of carrying out gravel cultivation using granulated and fired products of visiting stone powder, and has completed the present invention.

  Regarding the granulated and fired product of Japanese stone powder, a product obtained by mixing and firing with sludge has been filed by the present applicant (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-62219). Further, although not a fired product, a technique for coating with cement after being dried at low temperature has also been filed by the present applicant (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2010-99655).

  However, the former focuses on the treatment of sludge, and the baked product is used for agricultural soil substitutes, but the main focus is filter media and roadbed materials. Nothing has been done in this application. Moreover, dioxins are generated when sludge is mixed and baked at a high temperature (around 1000 ° C.), which is not preferable. In the latter case, after drying at low temperature, the product is coated with cement as a reinforcement, and the product is put into the lake again.

  The present invention, unlike these, uses a porous granulated and fired product of Kuroshiki powder, focusing on its good water absorption performance and the good adhesion of plant roots. It is intended to be used as gravel.

  Conventionally, although there are few applications, gravel cultivation itself has been widely practiced. For this, ordinary gravel (granite, such as andesite, etc.) is used, and the gravel itself only supports the roots of the enlarged plant, and has almost no water absorption or root adhesion. Yes, water is only given intermittently.

  On the other hand, the porous granulated and fired product of Kuroshiki stone powder has good water absorption (about 10%, about 30 to 50% for rice husk and sawdust mixed products), and has good compatibility with the roots of cultivated plants. There is an advantage that adheres well. In addition, as the container, we use unglazed flowerpots, or flowerpot-shaped containers that are made by mixing sawdust and rice husks into the granite stone powder, kneading with water, molding and firing, so place these containers in a shallow aquarium. If it does, it will naturally absorb water and supply water to the porous granulated and fired product of visiting stone powder. And since this plant gradually absorbs this water, automatic gravel cultivation can be easily performed.

  First, a porous granulated and fired product of a visit stone powder that is the main object of the present invention will be described. This is made by mixing the granite stone powder alone or the granite stone powder with sawdust and rice husk, or both, and mixing it with water and kneading it with a rotary granulator (concrete mixer). Then, it is dried and fired.

  The granite stone powder can be sawdust, rice husk or sawdust with respect to 100 parts by weight of the granite stone powder, gravel-mixed sandy clay, gravel-mixed silty clay, or gravelly soil particle size distribution alone. A mixture of rice husk 3 to 10 parts by weight (a ratio of sawdust and rice husk 2 is about 2 stone powder to 1 by volume) and 10 to 40 parts by weight of water, kneaded and granulated with stirring, and then 1000 ° C to Baking at 1180 ° C. gives a porous granulated and fired product. Alternatively, this stirred granulated product is unbaked at 500 ° C. to 950 ° C. and then main-baked at 1000 ° C. to 1180 ° C. Mixing 3 to 10 parts by weight of sawdust, rice husk or a mixture of sawdust and rice husk has a light specific gravity (about 0.5) and a water absorption of 30 to 50% due to porosity.

  In the case of a small amount, firing is preferably performed in an electric kiln. The firing time takes 17 to 18 hours to reach the maximum temperature, and after maintaining the maximum temperature for several tens of minutes or immediately after turning off the power, the temperature is gradually lowered for 1 to 2 days. Naturally, kilns that use fuel such as kerosene, gas, and firewood can be used. In addition to a single kiln, it can be fired in large quantities in climbing kilns and continuous kilns.

  Next, the vessel may use an unglazed flower pot, but the flower pot has little uptake of water, most of the uptake is due to water permeating into the granulated fired product from the bottom, and the air also Less permeation from the surface of the unglazed surface.

  On the other hand, a container fired using a visitor stone powder (a visitor container) itself is excellent in water absorption and sucks up water together with a porous granulated and fired product. Moreover, since the porosity is large, air circulation from the side surface is good, and there is an advantage that air is sufficiently supplied to the roots.

  As with the porous granulated and fired product, the container for sawdust, rice husk, or sawdust is used for 100 parts by weight of the granite-mixed sandy clay, gravel-mixed silty clay, or gravelly-ground granite powder. And 3 to 10 parts by weight of a mixture of rice husks (the ratio of the granite stone powder 2 to sawdust and rice husks 1 by volume) and 10 to 40 parts by weight of water, more preferably 20 to 30 parts by weight. It knead | mixes and shape | molds, unbaking at 500 to 950 degreeC, and then baking at 1000 to 1180 degreeC, and manufacturing. The kneading method is not particularly limited, but if a small concrete mixer is used, a small amount of kneaded material can be easily obtained. In the case of a large amount, a larger mixer may be used.

  The visit stone powder used for the granulated and fired product and the visit container of the present invention is in the form of sandy clay (gravel mixed silty clay, gravel soil). Here, clay refers to particles having a particle size of 5 μm or less (classified by the Geological Society of Japan, hereinafter the same). Silt is 5 to 75 μm, fine sand is 75 to 250 μm, medium sand is 250 to 850 μm, coarse sand is 850 μm to 2 mm, and fine gravel is 2 to 4.75 mm. And the powder of this invention says what contains 5% or less of 2.60 mm or less gravel. Moreover, gravel-mixed silty clay has a greater proportion of silty than gravel-mixed sandy clay, and is closer to clay.

  The powder of visiting stone is obtained by crushing inferior stones, scraps, grinding debris, etc. with a crusher such as a crusher, and sieving fine abrasive debris as it is (less than 2.65 mm) . The particle size distribution is almost similar to the particle size accumulation curve of FIG.

  The waiting container is molded with hand kneading or scissors, placed in a bowl-shaped or cylindrical mold, vibrated or solidified, or placed in a truncated cone or other columnar mold and vibrated or solidified, semi-dried What is in a state is rolled inside and shaped into a bowl shape, and then dried and fired.

  By the way, the visiting stone referred to in the present invention is a visiting rust stone. Kurusu rust stones are the tuff sandstones that make up the lower layer of the Izumo Group in the Neogene Miocene Izumo Group widely distributed on the south coast of Lake Shinji in Shimane Prefecture. It is concentrated in the area of the rocky facies among the massive tuffy coarse-grained sandstone, and it exists in the range of about 10km east-west from Yatsuka-gun Tamayu-cho to Shinji-cho and width of 1-2km. This stone is soft and easy to mine and process, and Izumo stone lantern is designated as a traditional craft.

  This coming rust stone is composed of a wide variety of rock pieces and crystal pieces, and a substrate for filling them. The size of the rock fragments is often 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm in diameter, and is about 1.5 mm at the maximum. The proportion of rock and crystal fragments is as high as 80%. As rock fragments, andesite, quartz andesite, rhyolite, flowering rock, and various types of tuff have been confirmed. As crystal fragments, plagioclase, pyroxene, amphibole, biotite, opaque minerals, volcanic glass, and altered minerals have been confirmed. In addition, zeolites, chlorite and carbonate minerals produced by alteration have been confirmed as substrates.

  Many of these minerals are called clay minerals, and this seems to be the main reason why the ground rust stones can be used as clay and clay. In addition to the coming rust stone, there is what is called the coming shiroishi. This is an old chronologically rhyolite-type part that has changed to montmorillonite and cannot be used in the present invention.

As shown in Table 1 (analog “Shimane Geology” published by Shimane Prefecture), the rust stones contain a lot of iron (6.13% as Fe ₂ O ₃ ). Therefore, the porcelain clay of the present invention is colored red, brown to black color when fired. However, in the case of the present invention, since it is used for civil engineering work and fishing reefs, the color of the fired product is not a problem. In the table, the numerical value indicates weight percent. Further, as is apparent from Table 1, the incoming rust stone contains about 7% loss on burning (Ig. Loss). This is an ancient plant residue, which disappears during firing and creates micropores.

  As described above in detail, the present invention is a container in which a porous granulated fired product obtained by granulating and firing a granite powder is stored in a container fired using an unglazed flower pot or a traditional stone powder. Cultivation plants are planted or seeded, and the plant pots or containers are immersed in a shallow water tank, and the fertilizer is mixed with solid fertilizers in porous granules, or liquid fertilizer is added in water to cultivate plants.

Therefore,
(1) Water is absorbed by the porous granulated and fired product, and gradually rises from the bottom to the top. Plant roots are supplied with water from the porous granulated baked product. Therefore, unlike conventional gravel cultivation where water is intermittently supplied, water is always given to the roots in small amounts, making automatic gravel cultivation easy and ideal gravel cultivation. it can.
(2) In unglazed flower pots, water is sucked up into porous granules from the bottom holes. On the other hand, in the case of a waiting container, when there is no hole in the bottom, water is given to the porous particles by the water absorption of the waiting container itself.
(3) Moreover, the porous granulated baked product and the waiting container have good compatibility with the roots of the cultivated plants and adhere well.
(4) In the case of a waiting container, air is supplied to the root because air permeability from the side is good. (5) In the case of an unglazed flower pot, in the case of a waiting container, the bottom is immersed in water and water is sucked into the porous granulated fired product. And since a fertilizer mixes liquid fertilizer in water or a solid fertilizer mixes in a porous granulated baking product, fertilizer management is easy.
(6) Both the porous granulated and fired product of the present invention and the container can be produced easily and in large quantities as long as there is equipment because the sieved powder is simply kneaded with water and molded and fired. .
(7) Porous shell containers and porous granulated fired products can be obtained by mixing and baking fir shells, sawdust and other organic small lumps into the kneaded product, and excellent in water absorption and propagation. At the same time, the specific gravity can be very small.

It is the perspective view which sectioned a part of visitor container (container baked using the visitor stone powder) used by this invention. Example 1 It is the perspective view which carried out the cross section of a part of commercially available unglazed flower pot used by this invention. Example 1 FIG. 3 is a front view of a porous granulated and fired product of visiting stone powder used in the present invention. Example 1 It is a graph which shows the particle size accumulation curve of visiting stone powder. Example 1 It is a graph which shows the relationship between the temperature and time which bake the waiting container 1 or the porous granulated baking goods 3. FIG. Example 1 (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a state in which a porous granulated baked product is packed in this waiting container, and (b) is a water suction height when the waiting container and the granulated baked product are immersed in water. It is a graph which shows the relationship of time (minutes). (Example 2) In the graph of the cumulative pore volume of the porous granulated fired product 3, the vertical axis represents the absorbed mercury volume, and the horizontal axis represents the pore diameter. (Example 2) It is a graph which shows the earthiness display by a triangular projection. (Example 2) It is a schematic diagram which shows the water 34 hold | maintained with the soil particle | grains 33 and the interfacial tension between them. (Example 2) It is a front view which shows a capillary phenomenon. (Example 2) It is a figure which shows the classification | category of the soil moisture seen from the water absorption utilization of the crop. (Example 2) It is a figure which shows the relationship between the particle size of soil, and an effective moisture content. (Example 2) It is a graph which shows the change of the natural dry weight from the time of a capillary phenomenon completion | finish when water is fully absorbed in a baked product. (Example 2) It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which put the porous granulated baking product 3 and the solid fertilizer 4 in the waiting container 1, and was immersed in the water tank 5. FIG. (Example 3) It is a front view of the state which installed many waiting containers 1 in the large sized water tank 9. FIG. It is a comparative graph showing the degree of growth of a solid granule and liquid fertilizer in which a porous granulated and fired product and normal soil are put in a waiting container and an unglazed flowerpot. Example 4 It is a graph which shows the comparison of the real number per share. Example 4 It is a schematic diagram which shows the state of the root 71 of a cherry tomato, (a) is a visiting container (b) and is an unglazed flowerpot. Example 4

  Planting or seeding cultivated plants into a container that has been baked with an unglazed flower pot or a container made of granite stone powder and a porous granulated product obtained by granulating and firing the granite stone powder, Gravel cultivation is performed by immersing the whole container in a shallow water tank. As the fertilizer, solid fertilizer or liquid fertilizer is used.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a cross section of a part of a visitor container 1 (container baked using a visitor stone powder) used in the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a commercially available unglazed food used in the present invention. It is the perspective view which cut down some flower pots 2 of. Moreover, FIG. 3 is a front view of the porous granulated and fired product 3 of the granite powder used in the present invention. FIG. 4 is a graph showing a particle size accumulation curve of the visit stone powder. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the temperature and time for firing the waiting container 1 or the porous granulated fired product 3.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the visiting container 1 used in the present invention has a particle weight distribution of gravel mixed sandy clay (gravel mixed clay), gravel mixed silty clay, or gravelly soil 100 weight. 3 to 10 parts by weight of sawdust, rice husk or a mixture of sawdust and rice husk (a ratio of sawdust powder 2 to sawdust and rice husk 1 by volume) and 10 to 40 parts by weight of water, preferably 20 to 20 parts by weight. The mixture is added at a ratio of 30 parts by weight, kneaded, molded into a container, and then unbaked at 500 ° C. to 950 ° C., and then baked at 1000 ° C. to 1180 ° C. After firing, the outer diameter was 17 cm long, the diameter was 14.5 cm, the hole depth was 12 cm, the inner diameter was 10.52 cm, and the bottom bore depth 11 was 2 cm. Is great). The bottom 12 has a thickness of 5 cm, and the side wall 13 has a thickness of 2 cm. The kneading method is not particularly limited, but if a small concrete mixer is used, a small amount of kneaded material can be easily obtained. In the case of a large amount, a larger mixer may be used. The particle size distribution of the visit stone powder is almost similar to the particle size accumulation curve of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the porous granulated and fired product 3 of the present invention is prepared by adding 10 to 40 parts by weight of water to a visitor stone powder alone or a mixture of sawdust and rice husk as in the visitor container 1. The mixture is kneaded and agitated and granulated with a rotary granulator such as a small concrete mixer, dried, unbaked at 500 ° C. to 950 ° C., and then main-baked at 1000 ° C. to 1180 ° C. Reference numeral 31 is a waiting stone powder, and 32 is a cavity in which carbides such as sawdust are further heated and carbonized. The diameter of the porous granulated fired product 3 is 1 to 10 mm: more preferably 2 to 5 mm.

  In addition, as for the waiting container 1 of this invention, and the porous granulated baked product 3, the calcination temperature shows time passage as shown in FIG. That is, the temperature of the electric kettle is gradually raised to about 900 ° C. (500 ° C. to 950 ° C.) in about 8 hours. Thereby, sawdust and rice husks are carbonized. Next, the temperature is gradually lowered over about 4 hours, and further raised to 1130 ° C. (1130 ° C. to 1180 ° C.) over about 6 hours. By this temperature rise, the carbide is completely converted to carbon dioxide gas, and the char portion is hollowed out. Originally, Kuroshiki stone powder contains organic matter (Ig.loss) as shown in Table 1, and it is hollowed by firing to absorb water (about 1%), but mixed with sawdust and rice husk. This is the reason why the water absorption is 30 to 50%.

  On the other hand, No. 5 pot as shown in FIG. The dimensions are an outer diameter of 16 cm, a height of 13 cm, a bottom diameter of 10 cm, a side wall thickness of 1 cm, a bottom hole 22 diameter of 3 cm, and a bottom depth of 23 cm of 0.5 cm. Reference numeral 24 denotes a net covering the bottom hole 22.

  Then, the waiting container 1 and the unglazed flower pot 2 are filled with the porous granulated baked product 3 almost fully and used.

  Next, Example 2 will be described. FIG. 6A is a longitudinal sectional view of the waiting container 1 filled with the porous granulated and fired product 3, and shows a state where the waiting container 1 is immersed in water up to position 14. FIG. 6B is a graph showing the relationship between the water suction height and the time (minutes) when the container 1 and the porous granulated fired product 3 are immersed in water. FIG. 7 is a graph of the cumulative pore volume of the porous granulated and fired product 3, wherein the vertical axis represents the absorbed mercury volume, and the horizontal axis represents the pore diameter. It is a graph which shows the earthiness display by the triangle projection of FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing soil particles 33 and water 34 held by interfacial tension therebetween, and FIG. 10 is a diagram showing capillary action. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the classification of soil moisture from the viewpoint of water absorption of crops, FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the relationship between the particle size of soil and the effective moisture content, and FIG. It is a graph which shows the change of the natural dry weight from the phenomenon end time.

  As shown in FIG. 6 (a), the waiting container 1 is filled with the porous granulated baked product 3 almost fully, and the lower 4cm of the waiting container 1 is immersed in water. As shown in FIG. 6 (b), the water suction height of the porous granulated fired product 3 gradually increases with time, and finally (after 27 minutes) to the uppermost porous granulated fired product 3 I sucked up the water. The reason why the inclination becomes gentle around several minutes after the start of water absorption seems to be that the water reaches the bottom portion of the waiting container 1 and the speed of sucking up is slow. Although it took 27 minutes to reach the top, water has not yet reached the center of the porous granulated fired product 3. It took 35 minutes to get wet to the center of the porous granulated fired product 3.

Water absorption test The size of the waiting container is as described above, and if the porous granulated fired product 3 is clogged to the inside, the total volume of the waiting container 1 and the other 4 is
170 × (72.5) ² × π−20 × (52.5) ² × π = 263429.09 mm ³
Water absorption 908g
Volume moisture content 908000 / 263429.09 x 100 = 34.5%

The reason why the porous granulated fired product 3 sucks up water in this way is presumed to be as follows. That is, FIG. 7 is a graph of the cumulative pore volume of the porous granulated and fired product 3, wherein the vertical axis indicates the absorbed mercury volume and the horizontal axis indicates the pore diameter.
Porosity = 100− (0.407 / (1 / 1.4843) × 100 = 39.6 ≒ 40%
(1.4843: Specific gravity of mercury)
Clay size = 100-100 x 0.33 / 0.40 = 18.9
Silt diameter = 81.08-100 × 0.202 / 0.40 = 31.5
Sand diameter = 100 x 0.202 / 0.40 = 49.6
When the numerical values of the sand part size 50%, the silt part size 30%, and the clay part size 20% are compared with the soil property display by the triangle projection of FIG.

  In other words, since the soil characteristics of visiting stones are considered to be planting soil, when the intersection point Q of the planting soil is obtained with the above-mentioned volumetric moisture content of 34.5%, it comes to the location of effective moisture, so it is good for plant growth. Seem. From this, the whole waiting container 1 filled with the porous granulated baked product 3 is handled as a culture medium.

Next, the effective moisture for the plant and the water retention of the porous granulated baked product of the present invention were compared to evaluate whether the baked product can be used as a medium. First, the capillary water surface height (H) at which water is held in the voids of the fired product and the water is pulled up is obtained, the average porosity of the fired product is estimated, and the pF value is obtained.
pF = logH
Experimental value
H = 30cm
pF = log 30 = 1.5
On the other hand, when the apparent diameter (d) of the air gap is obtained from the Duren equation, it is classified into fine sand with a numerical value of 0.1 mm.
H = 0.3 / d (H = 30)
d = 0.01 cm = 0.1 mm
Classification from the results of pore distribution measurement, showing soil properties far from the soil. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing soil particles 33 and water 34 held by interfacial tension therebetween, and FIG. 10 is a diagram showing capillary action.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the classification of soil moisture from the viewpoint of water absorption by crops, and FIG. 12 is a diagram (Brady and Weil. 2002) showing the relationship between soil particle size and effective moisture content. In FIG. 11, pF = 1.5 corresponds to the location of gravity water, and in FIG. 12, R1 (sand loam) and R2 (planting soil) indicate that the volume moisture content is 20.9%.

  This 20.9% was obtained as follows. The water in the baked product is equivalent to a drainage channel that flows away by gravity water and must be evaluated as a rough pore. However, when evaluated from the pore distribution, it is classified as a loam soil (sandy silt).

FIG. 13 is a graph showing the change in the natural dry weight from the end of the capillary action after the fired product has sufficiently absorbed water. Here, the weight immediately after taking up the capillary phenomenon test is 4,250 g, and the drainage capacity (270 g) is remarkably large. This amount of wastewater is treated as gravity water and excluded from volumetric moisture.
Dry density = 1.16
Specimen volume = 3,610 / 1.16 = ^3, 112.1 cm ³
Volume moisture content = ((4260-3610) 3112.1) × 100 = 20.9%
For a porosity of 60%, the volumetric moisture content is 21%, and the remaining 39% indicates gravity water and air content. If the specimen is immersed in gravity water (10%), the volume moisture content is 18.9% and the air content is 35.1%.

  The evaluation based only on the numerical value shows that the air rate is as high as 35.1%, which sufficiently satisfies the required air rate for the active activities of plant roots. From the soil classification, etc., if the firewood powder is evaluated as a plant growing soil environment, it has excellent water retention and water permeability, sufficient soil drafting, and because of the size of the void, It seems to generate an air flow in response to the outside air.

  Next, Example 3 will be described. FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the porous granulated baked product 3 and the solid fertilizer 4 are put in the waiting container 1 and immersed in the water tank 5, and FIG. It is a front view in the state where many waiting containers 1 were installed.

  That is, FIG. 14 shows a state where the porous granulated baked product 3 and the solid fertilizer 4 are put in the waiting container 1 shown in Example 1 and immersed in the water tank 5. Reference numeral 6 is water. The water 6 is sucked into the waiting container 1 and transferred to the porous granulated and fired product 3, and gradually sucked up from the lower porous granulated and fired product 3 to the upper porous granulated and fired product 3. The water contained in the porous granulated baked product 3 is absorbed from the root 71 of the plant plant 7. From the lateral direction of the waiting container 1, air 8 flows. The waiting container 1 has a large number of voids, and there are voids between the porous granulated baked product 3 and the porous granulated baked product 3 itself, and air flows to supply air to the plant root 71. To do.

本発明の来待容器１は実施例２で示す通り空気率が３5.１％であるので、植物根の活発な活動にする必要空気率を十分に満足するものである。 Table 2 shows the relationship between the type of crop and the required air rate that activates root activities.

Since the waiting container 1 of the present invention has an air rate of 35.1% as shown in Example 2, it sufficiently satisfies the necessary air rate for the active activity of plant roots.

  From the classification of soil properties, if you evaluate the granulated stone powder as a plant-growing soil environment, it is excellent in water retention and water permeability, and the soil gas phase is sufficient. It seems to generate air flow in response to this.

  FIG. 15 is a front view showing a state where a large number of waiting containers 1 of FIG. 14 are installed in a large water tank 9, and a constant amount of water 6 is always supplied from the tank 91 to the water tank 9. Instead of solid fertilizer, liquid fertilizer may be used, and this liquid fertilizer may be dissolved in water for nutrient solution / capillary hydroponics. Moreover, what is necessary is just to determine the scale of the large sized tank 9 and the number of the waiting containers 1 according to the cultivation scale and the shape of the cultivation place.

  Next, cultivation of cherry tomatoes using Example 4, the visiting container 1 of the present invention or the unglazed flower pot and the porous granulated baked product 3 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 16 is a comparative graph showing the degree of growth of a solid granule and liquid fertilizer in which a porous granulated baked product and normal soil are placed in a waiting container and an unglazed flowerpot. In addition, this planted the seedling about 3 cm on September 14 and cultivated it with the apparatus of FIG. The water depth was 4 cm. The solid fertilizer is nitrogen: phosphoric acid: potassium = 10: 4: 6, about 5% of the porous granulated fired product 3, and the liquid fertilizer is also nitrogen: phosphoric acid: potassium = 10: 4: 6 Was mixed with water at 2%.

  As is apparent from FIG. 16, the growth of the combination of the waiting container 1 and liquid fertilizer was the largest. Overall, liquid fertilizer performed better. This seems to be due to the fact that the solid fertilizer did not dissolve sufficiently in water. The normal cultivation soil grew less than the porous granulated fired product 3. In addition, in the case of seed planting, in the case of solid fertilizer, water absorption was bad or the porous granulated baked product 3 withered. In the case of liquid fertilizer, the water sucked up poorly, so water was applied after planting.

  FIG. 17 is a graph showing a comparison of the number of fruits per strain (4 cultivation experiments were conducted for each). As can be seen from this, the liquid fertilizer using the porous granulated baked product has good results, and among them, the container in the waiting container was the most harvested. Next, the ready container and solid fertilizer were good, and the solidity of the unglazed flowerpot was the same as the combination of the unglazed flowerpot and planting soil.

In addition, through the cultivation experiment of Example 4, the following was found.
(1) Although the time of planting was too late, a considerable number of fruits could still be harvested.
(2) Unglazed flower pot: It was seen that the leaves turned yellow. This seems to be the 14th when the roots are deficient in water.
(3) The fruit is rotted as a result of calcium deficiency, and in the case of the visiting container 1, the visiting stone powder contains calcium (Table 1) and is not applied.
(4) In the case of an unglazed flowerpot and planting soil, the fruit was large and the sugar content was high. This seems to be because the roots were soaked in water and became deficient, and many of the flowers fell in a cocoon state, so the remaining nuts actually performed nutrients.
(5) The combination of the container and liquid fertilizer has the highest number of fruits, but the sugar content is therefore low.

  FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the roots 71 of cherry tomatoes, where (a) is the waiting container 1 and (b) is the unglazed flower pot 2. As can be seen from this, the fine root 72 in the visit container 1 bites into the wall (its pores) of the visit container 1 and absorbs moisture from the wall of the visit container. There are few numbers, and it turns out that it does not dig into the wall of the unglazed flower pot 2.

  A visit container and a porous granulated baked product can be manufactured using the visit stone powder which is an industrial waste, and the gravel cultivation of a plant can be performed using this. This granite stone powder product is excellent in water retention and water absorption, has good air circulation, and is ideal for gravel cultivation of plants. Moreover, it is cheap and can be obtained easily.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Visiting container 11 Bottom hole depth 12 Bottom 13 Side wall 14 Position soaked in water 2 Unglazed flower pot 21 Side wall 22 Bottom hole 23 Bottom hole 24 Net 3 Porous granulated baked product 31 Visiting stone powder 32 Cavity 33 Soil particles 34 Water 4 Solid fertilizer 5 Aquarium 6 Water 7 Plant 71 Plant root 8 Air 9 Aquarium 91 Tank P Location of loam soil Q Intersection of loam soil and volumetric moisture content 34.5% R1 R2 Sand loam soil and loam soil Intersection with the volumetric moisture content of 20.9%

Claims (6)

  Planting or seeding a cultivated plant in an unglazed flower pot or a container baked with Kurusu stone powder, containing granulated baked porous granulated powder and solid fertilizer. A gravel cultivation method characterized by immersing the whole plant pot or container in a shallow water tank.   Planting or seeding cultivated plants into a container that has been baked with an unglazed flower pot or a container made of granite stone powder and a porous granulated product obtained by granulating and firing the granite stone powder, A gravel cultivation method characterized by immersing a container containing fertilizer in a shallow water tank.   The gravel cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cultivated plant or seed is tomato or cherry tomato.   3 to 10 parts by weight of sawdust, rice husk or a mixture of sawdust and rice husk and 10 to 40 parts of water for 100 parts by weight of granite powder having a particle size distribution of sandy clay mixed with gravel, silty clay mixed with gravel or gravelly soil A granulated stone powder container for gravel cultivation characterized by adding parts by weight, kneading, molding, drying, baking at 500 ° C to 950 ° C, and then baking at 1000 ° C to 1180 ° C Manufacturing method.   The container made of powdered stone powder is molded with hand kneading or scissors, placed in a bowl-shaped or cylindrical mold, vibrated or solidified, or placed in a truncated cone or other columnar mold to vibrate or thrust. The manufacturing of a container made of a visitor stone powder for gravel cultivation according to claim 4, which is solidified, semi-dried, shaped into a pot shape by rolling inside and dried and fired.   The porous granulated and fired product is prepared by mixing kishigoishi powder, or kishimachi powder, sawdust, rice husk, and water mixed together, stirring and granulating, then drying, and then 500 ° C to 950 ° C The gravel cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the baking is performed at a temperature of 1000 ° C to 1180 ° C.

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