JP2011517620A - 液体媒体中で安定している重合体フィルムによる基材の被覆 - Google Patents
液体媒体中で安定している重合体フィルムによる基材の被覆 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2011517620A JP2011517620A JP2011503460A JP2011503460A JP2011517620A JP 2011517620 A JP2011517620 A JP 2011517620A JP 2011503460 A JP2011503460 A JP 2011503460A JP 2011503460 A JP2011503460 A JP 2011503460A JP 2011517620 A JP2011517620 A JP 2011517620A
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- MUBKMWFYVHYZAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Al].[Cu].[Zn] Chemical compound [Al].[Cu].[Zn] MUBKMWFYVHYZAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- YOXXPWDGNXKLOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;yttrium Chemical compound [Y].OC(O)=O YOXXPWDGNXKLOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
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- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001600 hydrophobic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010416 ion conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);iron(3+);octadecacyanide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002052 molecular layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/36—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
1.原子間力画像形成により、基材表面を走査してナノ粒子を可視化し、ナノ粒子を画像解方法を使用して計数する、または
2.表面力を測定する装置を使用し、基材上に吸着されたナノの層の屈折率を測定する。ある体積のナノ粒子の屈折率が既知である(例えばdn/dc増分変化量、すなわちナノ粒子の体積濃度変化の関数としての屈折率の変化、を測定することにより)ので、被覆の程度がそこから推定される。
基材:マイカマスコバイト(アルミノケイ酸塩)から製造された、曲率半径約2cmの半円筒
重合体:ポリエチルメタクリレート(PEMA)。
ナノ粒子:酸化セリウム。
・化学的に不活性であるために、従来方法、例えば所望によりプラズマおよび/またはシラン処理により前処理した重合体の単純な堆積、による重合体巨大分子の固着が不可能である。
・親水性が強いために、疎水性重合体と非相容性であり、撥水および剥離が促進される。
−原子レベルにおける粗さが不足しているために、重合体フィルムの固着がより困難になり、空隙の形成が促進される。
・湾曲した幾何学的構造のために、基材の凸構造または凹構造とフィルムを完全に噛み合わせるのが困難である。
基材表面にナノ粒子を予め堆積させることの有益性を立証するために、重合体フィルムを下記のように、すなわち
(1)基材上に直接、または
(2)表面をシラン処理(基材表面上に化学基をグラフト化させることにより、重合体フィルムの固着を改良するための、従来使用されている技術)により処理した後の基材上に、または
(3)その表面上にナノ粒子を堆積させた後の基材上に(本発明の方法)
堆積させた。
加速2500rpm−1/s−1、および
回転速度2500rpmで60秒間
であった。
ケース(2)で、重合体フィルムを堆積させる前に、基材表面を気相シラン処理により前処理した。
ケース(3)で、本発明により酸化セリウムのナノ粒子を基材表面上に吸着させる。
ケース(1)
PEMAフィルムで直接被覆した基材(1)を水中に浸漬すると、PEMAフィルムが直ちにマイカ表面から完全に剥離される。この現象は、堆積したフィルムの厚さ(200nm〜数ミクロン)に無関係である。
被覆すべき基材表面をシラン処理により前処理する場合、基材(2)上に堆積させたPEMAフィルムは、基材を水中に浸漬しても、目に見える剥離を示さない。
基材(3)を水中に浸漬した場合、PEMAフィルムは、基材上に完全に固着したままであり、水溶液中で少なくとも数週間安定している。
基材:ガラス
重合体:PEMAまたはPMMA(ポリメチルメタクリレート)もしくはPS(ポリスチレン)
ナノ粒子:酸化セリウム
基材:金
重合体:PEMAまたはPMMAもしくはPS
ナノ粒子:酸化セリウム
基材:ケイ素
重合体:PEMAまたはPMMAもしくはPS
ナノ粒子 酸化セリウム
基材:マイカマスコバイト
重合体:ポリフェニレンオキシド(PPO)またはポリスチレン(PS)またはポリビニルピロリドン(PVP)またはポリイソプレン(PI)またはポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)またはポリビニルアセテート(PVAc)
ナノ粒子:酸化セリウム
基材:ステンレス鋼
重合体:ポリエチルメタクリレート(PEMA)
ナノ粒子:酸化セリウム
基材:黄銅
重合体:ポリエチルメタクリレート(PEMA)
ナノ粒子:シリカ
基材:銅
重合体:ポリエチルメタクリレート(PEMA)
ナノ粒子:シリカ
基材:アルミニウム
重合体:ポリエチルメタクリレート(PEMA)
ナノ粒子:シリカ
基材:ガラス、鋼
重合体:ポリエチルメタクリレート(PEMA)
ナノ粒子:酸化セリウム
条件:水中に浸漬した基材にせん断応力を作用させる。
σ=ηγ
(式中、
σ=粘性応力
η=液体の粘度(水の場合、10−3 kg/m.s)
γ=せん断率、v/dとして推定され、vはパイプ中の流体の平均速度を、dはパイプの直径を表す。)である。
σ=直径10cmのパイプでは0.1Paであり、
σ=直径1mのパイプでは0.01Paである。
の厚さを有する境界層で支配的になり、従って、せん断率の表現に含まれる特徴的な長さは、最早パイプの長さではなく、境界層の厚さ:
σ=直径1mのパイプで30Paである。
χ=asinωt
(式中、aは振幅(例えばa〜1000μm)であり、ωは脈動である)
に従う正弦波移動応力、および瞬間的速度:
ν=aωcosωt
で、重合体/水におけるせん断率は約
基材:ステンレス鋼
重合体:ポリエチルメタクリレート(PEMA)
ナノ粒子:α−アルミナ(直径100〜300nm、40g/lの水溶液)
基材:マイカマスコバイト
重合体:ポリエチルメタクリレート(PEMA)
ナノ粒子:酸化セリウム(基材上に噴霧)
基材:セラミック
重合体:ポリエチルメタクリレート(PEMA)
ナノ粒子:α−アルミナ(直径100〜300nm)、40g/lの水溶液
基材:ポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)
ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)
ポリジメチルシロキサン(PDMS)
ポリカーボネート(PC)
エポキシ樹脂
重合体:ポリエチルメタクリレート(PEMA)
ナノ粒子:酸化セリウム
基材:アルミニウム
銅
亜鉛
黄銅
重合体:ポリエチルメタクリレート(PEMA)
ナノ粒子 α−アルミナ(直径100〜300nm)、40g/lの水溶液
Claims (15)
- 少なくとも一寸法が1ミリメートルを超える基材を、重合体フィルムで被覆する方法であって、前記重合体フィルムを堆積させる前に、ナノ粒子を前記被覆すべき基材の表面に静電気的に吸着させる、方法。
- 前記基材が、特に鋼、ステンレス鋼を含んでなる金属性である被覆すべき表面、金属、例えばアルミニウム、金、銀、鉄、鉛、銅、亜鉛、ニッケル、チタン、タングステン、クロム、白金、コバルト、ジルコニウム、モリブデン、スズ、ガリウム、ルテニウム、イットリウムおよびマンガン、合金、例えば黄銅または青銅、またはそれらの混合物、および/または鉱物、特にポゾラナ、クレー、砂、礫岩、パーライト、バーミキュル石、ミネラルウール、グラファイトまたはアルミノケイ酸塩、例えばマイカ、ケイ素、ガラス、金属酸化物、例えばサファイア、またはそれらの混合物、を含んでなる鉱物、および/または重合体、特にポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリジメチルシロキサン、ポリカーボネート、エポキシ樹脂またはポリ塩化ビニルを含んでなる重合体、および/または有機金属、および/または有機物質、例えばセルロース、木材およびそれらの誘導体、例えば繊維または樹皮、および果実の殻および果皮、例えばココナツシェル、および/またはセラミックを含んでなる被覆すべき表面を含んでなる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記基材の前記被覆すべき表面が、前記基材の、所望により有孔でよい単一区域、またはいくつかの個別区域の組からなる、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記基材が、光学機器、例えば鏡、レンズまたは減衰器、センサー、例えばバイオセンサーまたは有機電界効果トランジスタ、パイプ、特に金属製のパイプ、もしくは板またはシリンダー、特に印刷用のシリンダーである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ナノ粒子の平均サイズが1〜200nm、特に2〜200nm、好ましくは3〜50nm、より好ましくは3〜20nmである、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ナノ粒子が、炭素、特にカーボンブラックまたはグラファイト、を基材とするナノ粒子、および/またはケイ素を基材とするナノ粒子、および/または金属、例えばアルミニウム、銀、カドミウム、セリウム、クロム、コバルト、銅、スズ、鉄、ガリウム、マンガン、ニッケル、金、パラジウム、白金、鉛、ルテニウム、セレン、硫黄、チタン、トリウム、タングステン、イットリウム、亜鉛、ジルコニウム、およびそれらの混合物および合金を基材とするナノ粒子、および/または鉱物、特に金属、酸化物、水酸化物または炭酸塩、例えば酸化セリウム、酸化チタン、酸化ケイ素、例えばシリカ、酸化アルミニウム、酸化イットリウム、水酸化アルミニウム、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化イットリウム、炭酸イットリウム、酸化鉄、酸化金、酸化銀、酸化パラジウム、酸化硫黄、酸化セレン、酸化カドミウム、酸化トリウムまたは酸化クロム、を基材とするナノ粒子、有機金属ナノ粒子、重合体ナノ粒子、例えば天然または合成ラテックスの、配位重合体、例えばプルシアンブルー等の、またはバイオポリマー、例えばキチン、のナノ粒子、セラミック、例えば窒化ケイ素、を基材とするナノ粒子、クレー、例えばスメクタイト、カオリン、イライト、クロライトまたはアタパルジャイト、を基材とするナノ粒子、および/またはハイブリッドおよび/または官能化ナノチューブでよいナノチューブ、を基材とする、特に炭素、窒化ホウ素、硫化モリブデン、硫化タングステン、硫化銅、塩化ニッケル、塩化カドミウムまたはヨウ化カドミウムを基材とするナノ粒子、から選択されるものである、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ナノ粒子が、前記被覆すべき基材表面の少なくとも2%、好ましくは5〜70%、好ましくは20〜40%、より好ましくは約30%を被覆する、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記ナノ粒子の吸着が、前記ナノ粒子を溶剤に入れた分散液中、好ましくは水溶液中、に前記基材を浸漬するか、または前記ナノ粒子を前記被覆すべき基材の自由表面上に噴霧することにより行われ、好ましくは続いて前記基材の洗浄工程および乾燥工程を行う、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記重合体が、熱可塑性重合体、例えばポリメタクリレート、例えばポリメチルメタクリレートまたはポリエチルメタクリレート、ポリフェニレンオキシド、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、ポリプロピレンまたはポリ塩化ビニル、熱硬化性重合体、例えばエポキシ樹脂、ポリカーボネート、ポリイミドまたはポリジクロロペンタジエン、エラストマー、例えばシリコーン、例えばポリジメチルシロキサン、ポリウレタン、ポリイソブチレン、ポリクロロプレン、ポリブタジエンまたはポリイソプレン、天然重合体、例えばセルロース、ラテックスまたはデンプン、ポリエステル、例えばポリエチレンテレフタレート、陽イオン系高分子電解質、例えばポリ−L−リシンまたはポリアリルアミン、陰イオン系高分子電解質、例えばポリ−L−グルタミン酸またはポリスチレンスルホネート、ポリケトン、例えばポリ(アリールエーテルケトン)、ポリアミド、例えばポリアラミド、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリシアノアクリレート、ポリエーテルスルホン、フルオロ重合体およびフルオロ共重合体、例えばポリテトラフルオロエチレン、エチレン−テトラフルオロエチレン重合体、ポリクロロトリフルオロエチレン、ペルフルオロプロピレン、ポリ(ヘプタフルオロブチルアセテート)、フッ化ビニリデンとクロロトリフルオロエチレンとの共重合体、フッ化ビニリデンとペルフルオロプロペンの共重合体、ポリ(2,2,3,3,4,4−ヘキサフルオロペンタンジオールとアジピン酸とのエステル)、または3,3,3−トリフルオロプロピルメチルシリコーン、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレン、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリビニルアセテート、架橋した、分岐した、または星型重合体、共重合体、デンドリマーおよびそれらの混合物から選択されるものである、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記重合体フィルムが、ナノメートルサイズまたはマイクロメートルサイズの金属または重合体粒子、顔料、または請求項6に記載のナノ粒子を含んでなる、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記重合体フィルムが、遠心法により、浸漬により、滴により、薄層流により、または噴霧により堆積する、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記重合体フィルムを堆積させる前に、前記基材上への前記重合体フィルムの密着性を改良するための、前記被覆すべき基材表面を処理する追加工程、例えばシラン処理、低温プラズマ、またはオゾン下でのUVによる処理、を含んでなる、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記重合体フィルムを堆積させた後の追加の処理工程、特に熱処理、例えば前記重合体のガラス転移温度を超える温度における前記重合体フィルムの後硬化、を含んでなる、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 耐食性および/または抗菌性表面処理および/または接着剤結合のための、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の方法により得られる重合体フィルムで被覆された基材。
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US8889253B2 (en) | 2014-11-18 |
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